Core Viewpoint - The market is currently focused on the upcoming 30-year Treasury bond auction, which will provide insights into investor demand amid concerns over the expanding fiscal deficit [1] Group 1: Auction Details - The auction will have a size of $22 billion and is scheduled for 1 PM New York time [1] - This auction is part of the government's regular borrowing operations [1] Group 2: Economic Context - The auction coincides with Congress's review of a significant tax cut proposal by Donald Trump, which is predicted to increase the U.S. budget deficit by trillions of dollars [1] - The potential increase in the budget gap may necessitate the issuance of more bonds to fund government spending [1]

美国政府债务不断增加，赤字问题愈发严重。 周三，美国财政部公布的数据显示，在4月因税收季节带来的短暂盈余后，5月财政赤字迅速反弹至3160亿美元，推动年初至今的累计赤字达到 1.365万亿美元。 尽管5月赤字较去年同期下降9%，但年度赤字总额仍比去年同期飙升14%。更令人担忧的是，当前赤字规模已超过GDP的6%——这一水平在美国 和平时期经济中几乎前所未有。 不断膨胀的利息支出正在吞噬美国的财政根基，其规模已超越除联邦医疗保险（Medicare）和社保外的所有政府开支，分析指出美国财政赤字的 失控警报正变得愈发刺耳。 利息失控：赤字背后的真正推手 问题的核心不在于收入，而在于偿债成本的爆炸式增长。 在高达36.2万亿美元的债务重压下，利息支出已成为美国财政的最大威胁。5月份债务利息支出突破920亿美元，仅次于医疗保险和社会保障支 出，成为联邦预算的第三大开支项目。 数据显示，财政年度前八个月，债务融资成本已达7760亿美元，预计全年将超过1.2万亿美元。这一数字的背后是持续高企的收益率环境——10年 期美债收益率依然维持在4.4%附近，与一年前水平基本持平。 摩根大通CEO 戴蒙、贝莱德CEO Larry F ...

Group 1 - The price of London gold is experiencing a slight increase, currently reported at $3,370.37 per ounce, with a gain of 0.46% [1][3] - Today's gold price opened at $3,356.79 per ounce, reaching a high of $3,376.49 and a low of $3,351.38 [1][3] Group 2 - The market faces challenges due to rising U.S. government debt, with a significant amount of new debt expected to enter the market in the coming months [2] - A Reuters survey indicates that just over half of strategists expect a new round of selling pressure on long-term bonds by the end of June, primarily due to deteriorating U.S. fiscal conditions [2] - The tax and spending plan proposed by President Trump is projected to increase U.S. debt by trillions of dollars before 2034, exacerbating market concerns [2] - Nearly 90% of surveyed forex strategists anticipate a significant decrease in demand for U.S. dollar assets this year, with European markets likely to benefit the most [2]

美国进口商支付的关税飙升至创纪录水平 关税收入跃升反映出特朗普几项新关税的作用，其中大部分于4月初生效。不仅仅是关税，5月份政府税收总额从去年的3236亿美元增长了15%，达到3712亿 美元。 然而，与美国政府的所有支出相比，创纪录的关税收入只是沧海一粟，5月份政府支出高达6872亿美元（比去年同期增长2.5%），所以关税收入仅占美国政 府开支的3%。 美国5月海关关税收入攀升至历史新高，助力当月预算赤字缩减。然而，随着特朗普政府与贸易伙伴谈判及其关税政策面临司法挑战，这些收入能否持续仍 存疑。 根据美国财政部月度预算声明，5月海关关税收入达230亿美元，较去年同期增加170亿美元，增幅270%。5月数据是2024年月均水平的三倍多。 财政部官员称，上月财政状况改善还得益于债务付息成本下降，这得益于通胀挂钩证券付息减少及短期国库券贴现率降低。 尽管如此，总体情况仍然令人沮丧，5月份利息支付高达922亿美元， 反映出美国的债务状况不可持续。美国政府每年累计1.2万亿美元的总利息支出，仅比 最大的支出类别——社会保障支出少3000亿美元。 财政部长贝森特周三早些时候警告，美国本财年仍面临另一巨额赤字。他在众议院 ...

Core Insights - In May, U.S. tariffs reached a historic high, contributing to a reduction in the monthly budget deficit [1] - There are concerns about the sustainability of tariff revenue due to ongoing trade negotiations and legal challenges faced by the Trump administration [1] Financial Performance - Tariff revenue in May amounted to $23 billion, an increase of $17 billion compared to the same month last year, representing a growth rate of 270% [1] - The fiscal deficit for May, after adjusting for calendar year differences, was $316 billion, a decrease of 17% from the same period last year [1] - For the first eight months of the fiscal year, the deficit totaled $1.37 trillion [1] Debt Management - A favorable factor for the fiscal situation in the previous month was the decrease in the cost of debt repayment by the Treasury [1] - This reduction is attributed to lower payments on inflation-protected securities and a decrease in the discount rate on Treasury bills [1]

在全球地缘政治局势方面，紧张局势仍在持续发酵。乌克兰方面宣称，俄罗斯发动了大规模空袭，这一事件对市场风险情绪构成了潜在扰动。在地缘政治冲 突不断升级的背景下，黄金作为传统的避险资产，其吸引力本应显著增强。然而，当前市场风险偏好因贸易谈判的乐观预期而有所改善，使得黄金的避险需 求在短期内未得到充分释放。但一旦地缘政治冲突进一步恶化，突破当前市场预期的范围，黄金价格可能会迅速获得强劲的上涨动力。 一位长期关注大宗商品领域的分析师指出："从近期黄金价格走势来看，其未能有效向上突破200小时均线，这一现象深刻反映出多头动能的不足。基于此， 短期内黄金价格倾向于进行整理，甚至存在进一步调整的可能性。"当前，黄金市场的走势受到多种复杂因素的综合影响，其中美联储未来的政策路径充满 不确定性，这在一定程度上限制了黄金价格的下跌空间。尽管此前公布的强劲就业数据在短期内对黄金价格构成利空，但CMEFedWatch工具所呈现的数据 显示，市场对于美联储在9月实施降息的概率预期仍然接近60%。这种对未来货币政策宽松的预期，使得投资者在一定程度上对黄金价格的下行持有谨慎态 度，为黄金价格提供了潜在支撑。 此外，美国长期存在的财政赤字问 ...

Core Viewpoint - Pakistan is expected to increase its defense spending while reducing its overall budget in the upcoming fiscal year, amidst economic growth initiatives and challenges from international obligations and tariffs [1] Group 1: Budget Overview - The government is likely to present a budget of 17.6 trillion rupees (approximately 62.45 billion USD) for the new fiscal year starting July 1, which represents a 6.7% decrease from the current fiscal year [1] - The projected fiscal deficit is expected to be 4.8% of GDP, with a target of 5.9% for the fiscal year 2024-25 [1] Group 2: Defense Spending - Analysts anticipate a 20% increase in the defense budget, which may be offset by cuts in research and development expenditures [1]

Core Viewpoint - The upcoming $22 billion 30-year U.S. Treasury bond auction is drawing significant attention from global financial markets, as it will reflect the true demand for U.S. long-term debt amid widespread investor resistance to such securities [1][3]. Group 1: Market Sentiment and Auction Indicators - The auction results will serve as a critical gauge of market demand, with key indicators including the settlement yield difference from pre-auction trading levels and the bid-to-cover ratio [4]. - A recent $20 billion 20-year Treasury auction showed weak demand, leading to a rise in U.S. Treasury yields, with the highest awarded yield reaching 5.047%, approximately 1.2 basis points higher than the pre-auction rate [4]. - If the 30-year Treasury auction exhibits similar weak performance, it could heighten concerns about market demand and lead to a chain reaction affecting financing pressures [4]. Group 2: Challenges Facing Long-term Debt - The U.S. Treasury market is facing multiple challenges, including a significant decline in the share of foreign official investors, which has dropped from nearly 70% in 2012 to an estimated 40% by the end of 2024 [5]. - Political factors are increasingly influencing long-term bond demand, leading to a decoupling of long-term interest rates from monetary policy, making long-term bonds a less attractive option [5]. - The U.S. government is projected to add trillions to the budget deficit over the coming years due to tax and spending legislation, contributing to a vicious cycle of increasing debt and interest payments [5].

海外策略：稳步扩张 美国经济保持稳步扩张态势，美联储年内降息预期维持在2次（约50bp），降息终点预期维持在3.5%。 上周亚特兰大联储GDPNOW模型预测二季度美国实际GDP年化增速较前值回落0.8pct至3.8%，前期长端利率上 行的紧缩效应再度显现。个人消费增速降至2.6%，商品（3.3%）与服务（2.3%）均在放缓；私人投资（不含 库存）增速降至1.6%，主要来自地产（-0.9%）及建筑（-3.0%）分项的拖累。 失业率仍在上行，但斜率极缓。 周频首次申领失业金人数上行至24.7万，符合季节性水平。5月失业率较4月上 行0.05pct至4.24%，连续第3个月维持在4.2%左右。 市场对通胀的担忧亦在缓和。 Truflation日频通胀指数降至 1.84%，较前期高点回落26bp。 财政延续了"言语收缩，行为扩张"的基调。 尽管一直在进行各种缩减赤字的表态及尝试，但实际上财政赤字 仍在扩张。周频财政赤字额达到$1,275亿，继续超出季节性水平。2025财年美国赤字水平将继续处于高位。 基于货币政策"双目标"及经济、财政形势推演，美联储并无大幅调整政策的动机，我们维持年内降息不超2次 （50bp）判断， ...

海外市场周报 证券研究报告 | 海外市场周报 2025年06月09日 证券分析师 薛威 资格编号: S0120523080002 邮箱:xuewei@tebon.com.cn 谭诗吟 资格编号:S0120523070007 邮箱:tansy@tebon.com.cn 投资要点: ● 上周全球股市涨多跌少。韩国综合指数领涨全球主要市场。美股三大指数集体上 涨,纳指、标普 500和道指涨跌幅分别为+2.2%、+1.5%和+1.2%;欧洲市场三大 主要指数集体上涨;亚太地区涨多跌少,仅越南 VN30和日经 225 指数回调。 | 会议,有望带来好消息。特朗普在国内遭遇马斯克冲击、海外对日对欧谈判踌躇难 | | --- | | 进的背景下,做出一些让步与妥协来寻求共识的诉求预计将有所加强。 | | ● 策略应对:布局风偏走高,警惕波动加剧。在全球市场有望迎来中美首轮磋商利好 | | 的背景下,布局风险偏好走高的思路值得关注,但同时也应警惕可能的波动加剧带 | | 来的潜在风险。从大类资产角度看,权益类是最优选择,特别是中美双方的权益市 | | 场，受可能利好的推动最强,而固收类与商品类则相对左侧,美债布局机会佳,金 ...