美国的经济问题，表面看是买得太多、造得太少，但你要真信这只是民众太爱买买买，那就太天真了。 一条不起眼的新闻，2024年美国的贸易逆差达到了1.2万亿美元，创下历史新高，成了压在特朗普头上的一座山。 这可不是简单数字，而是经济结构恶化的冰山一角。特朗普气得在社交平台怒吼，说中国是贸易小偷，还不忘甩锅自 己曾支持的减税政策和失败的关税战。可现实比他嘴上那点火气更辣眼。 特朗普的战略核心其实很简单，出口多点，进口少点。 怎么实现？加税！对进口商品征收高关税，尤其是中国商品。 同时对本土企业减税，将企业所得税砍到21%，希望他们产能回归，实现所谓再工业化。 结果一边是高关税打压进口，抬高了本钱。一边是找不到本地替代，利润不断被吞噬。 更别说完善一套全新本地供应链，得耗费多少年和多少钱？ 最终这一招成了吞噬企业活力的剧毒药方。 理论上听起来不错，可操作下来，几乎全军覆没。 关键在于这是一对矛盾操作。减税确实刺激了居民消费。本就习惯于超前消费的美国家庭，手一松就开始大扫货。 像俄亥俄州一家普通家庭，两台中国制造的电视智能手机说买就买，关税加上去了？没关系，美国家庭很多时候更在 乎的是眼前的快感，而非商品价格。 于是在你 ...

法国总统马克龙结束对华四天访问，友好的画面还历历在目。他在都江堰感叹中国古人的水利智慧，在 成都与中国运动员亲切地乒乓球对拉，中法双方刚敲定核能、新能源等领域的合作，甚至连大熊猫出借 协定都顺利签署。马克龙本人也坦言，唯一遗憾是停留时间太短。 然而，这份热络却在短短48小时内变了味。回国后，马克龙接受《回声报》专访时，语气变得异常强 硬。他声称欧中贸易逆差"不可持续"，甚至夸张地说"中国几乎不再进口欧洲商品"，并以加征关税相威 胁，要求中方扩大进口、保障稀土出口。这种前脚刚带着合作成果离开，后脚就挥舞关税大棒的反差， 令人费解。 马克龙的威胁能否兑现，还取决于欧盟的态度。欧盟贸易政策需要27个成员国一致同意，而德国可能会 持反对意见。2024年德国对华贸易额超过2000亿美元，是法国的两倍多，大众、宝马、巴斯夫等大型企 业的命脉与中国市场紧密相连。在马克龙发表强硬言论的同时，德国外长已经启程访华，为总理默茨的 访华行程做准备，这种实际行动比任何表态都更具说服力。同时，匈牙利、希腊等对华友好的国家也可 能否决加征关税的提议，欧盟要形成统一的对华战线并非易事。 此前，欧盟对中国电动汽车加征关税的尝试已经表明，关税 ...

越南《越南经济》网站12月6日报道，据越南财政部统计局当日上午发布的数据，2025年前11个 月，越南货物进出口达8397.5亿美元，同比增长17.2%，超过2024年全年水平（7862.9亿美元）。贸易 顺差205.3亿美元（去年同期为243.8亿美元）。 美国是越南最大的出口市场，越南对美出口1386亿美元，对美贸易顺差1216亿美元，同比增长 27.5%。中国是越南最大的进口市场，自华进口1675亿美元，对华贸易逆差1043亿美元，同比增长 38.1%。 据统计，2025年前11个月，越南出口货物4301.4亿美元，同比增长16.1%。其中，国内企业出口 1024.1亿美元，同比下降1.7%，占出口总额的23.8%；外资企业（含原油）出口额3277.3亿美元，同比 增长23.1%，占出口总额的76.2%。从出口商品结构看，加工制成品出口占88.7%，农林产品占8.3%，水 产品占2.4%，燃料和矿产品占0.6%。 （原标题：前11个月越南货物进出口达8397.5亿美元，超2024年全年总额） 前11个月进口货物4096.1亿美元，同比增长18.4%，其中国内企业进口1284亿美元，增长1.7%；外 资企 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Trump administration is considering imposing tariffs on Canadian fertilizers and Indian rice to support domestic industries, raising concerns about potential global food price increases and the impact on American farmers [1][3]. Group 1: Tariff Targets and Rationale - The proposed tariffs target Canadian fertilizers and Indian rice, which are critical imports for the U.S. agricultural sector. Canada is the world's largest producer of potash, holding 45% of global reserves, while India is the leading rice exporter, accounting for 40% of global exports [3]. - The U.S. agricultural sector has faced challenges, with farm bankruptcies reaching 259 from April 2024 to March 2025, nearly doubling from the previous year, and farmers experiencing losses of $100-200 per acre [3]. Group 2: Economic and Political Considerations - The tariffs reflect a dual strategy of economic protectionism and geopolitical maneuvering. The U.S. aims to reduce its trade deficit with India, which reached $45.7 billion in 2024, a 5.4% increase from 2023, while also pressuring India regarding its imports of Russian oil [5]. - The tariffs may also serve as a response to previous trade disputes with Canada, particularly regarding automotive tariffs [5]. Group 3: Potential Impact on Farmers and Global Markets - There is skepticism about whether American farmers will benefit from the tariffs, as previous tariff policies have hindered U.S. agricultural exports, particularly to major buyers like China. Increased fertilizer costs could further burden farmers [6]. - The tariffs could have widespread repercussions. For Canada, the fertilizer industry supports 76,000 jobs and contributes 2% to total exports. A loss of the U.S. market could lead to retaliatory tariffs on U.S. agricultural products [8]. - For India, reduced rice exports could disrupt global supply chains, forcing India to seek new markets in Europe and Africa, potentially reshaping the global rice supply-demand landscape [8]. Group 4: Historical Context and Risks - Historical precedents suggest that U.S. tariff policies can have detrimental effects, as seen with the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930, which led to a significant decline in global trade and increased unemployment [11]. - The current tariff strategy may repeat past mistakes, risking U.S. agricultural exports and stifling innovation in domestic industries due to prolonged protectionism [11].

印度央行紧急出手。 12月8日，印度卢比再度遭遇抛售，美元兑印度卢比汇率已经升破90心理大关。据最新消息，印度央行 正入市干预以缓解印度卢比贬值压力，专职交易员有时以每分钟抛售1亿美元的力度维稳汇市。 但有分析指出，印度央行进一步干预的空间可能有限，其"救市"行动已经对印度金融系统产生显著影 响，自今年6月高点以来，外汇储备中的外币资产减少约380亿美元（约合人民币2700亿元）。 印度"救市" 12月8日，据彭博社报道，印度央行行长桑贾伊·马尔霍特拉（Sanjay Malhotra）正试图在打击投机与避 免过度干预之间寻找平衡。 报道称，印度央行的干预决策每天早晨在孟买南部总部做出。交易员在隔音房间接收指令，有时每分钟 向市场抛售1亿美元，试图缓解印度卢比贬值压力。 今年以来，印度卢比汇率遭遇重挫，截至发稿，印度卢比兑美元汇率累计贬值幅度接近4.5%。在31种 主要货币中，印度卢比的年内跌幅仅次于土耳其里拉、阿根廷比索。 值得注意的是，今年以来，美元指数累计跌幅超7%。意味着，印度卢比的贬值幅度更为惨烈。 交易员表示，如果不是印度央行持续入市干预，印度卢比跌幅本会更大。 康奈尔大学经济学教授、IMF前中国部 ...

12月8日，据彭博社报道，印度央行行长桑贾伊·马尔霍特拉（Sanjay Malhotra）正试图在打击投机与避免过度干预之间寻找平衡。 报道称，印度央行的干预决策每天早晨在孟买南部总部做出。交易员在隔音房间接收指令，有时每分钟向市场抛售1亿美元，试图缓解印度卢比贬值 压力。 今年以来，印度卢比汇率遭遇重挫，截至发稿，印度卢比兑美元汇率累计贬值幅度接近4.5%。在31种主要货币中，印度卢比的年内跌幅仅次于土耳 其里拉、阿根廷比索。 印度央行紧急出手。 12月8日，印度卢比再度遭遇抛售，美元兑印度卢比汇率已经升破90心理大关。据最新消息，印度央行正入市干预以缓解印度卢比贬值压力，专职交 易员有时以每分钟抛售1亿美元的力度维稳汇市。 但有分析指出，印度央行进一步干预的空间可能有限，其"救市"行动已经对印度金融系统产生显著影响，自今年6月高点以来，外汇储备中的外币资 产减少约380亿美元（约合人民币2700亿元）。 印度"救市" 值得注意的是，今年以来，美元指数累计跌幅超7%。意味着，印度卢比的贬值幅度更为惨烈。 交易员表示，如果不是印度央行持续入市干预，印度卢比跌幅本会更大。 据彭博社报道，接受采访的银行家、交易员 ...

Core Viewpoint - The trade deficit between the EU and China, amounting to $310 billion, has become a contentious issue, with French President Macron threatening tariffs if the situation is not addressed. However, the complexity of trade relationships suggests that a simple deficit does not equate to a loss for Europe [2][4][6]. Trade Structure - The EU's trade structure with China shows a significant reliance on Chinese manufacturing due to its efficiency and cost-effectiveness, with many European households using Chinese products [4]. - French products, including aircraft, wine, cosmetics, and luxury goods, are thriving in the Chinese market, indicating a mutually beneficial relationship [4][12]. - European companies benefit from investments in China, often earning more than what is reflected in export figures, which is frequently overlooked in discussions about trade deficits [4][6]. Economic Context - The economic pressures in Europe, including high inflation and an ongoing energy crisis, have led to increased scrutiny of trade relationships, with Macron's statements reflecting domestic political pressures rather than a genuine desire to disrupt trade [8][10]. - The concept of "strategic autonomy" in Europe aims to reduce reliance on external markets, but the reality is that Europe remains heavily dependent on international supply chains [10][16]. Cooperation Beyond Trade - The depth of cooperation between China and France extends beyond trade, encompassing technology partnerships, cultural exchanges, and educational collaborations, which are vital for both economies [12][14]. - France's agricultural and luxury sectors have seen consistent growth in China, highlighting the importance of this market for French economic stability [14][16]. Political Dynamics - Macron's tough stance on trade appears to be more of a political maneuver aimed at addressing domestic concerns rather than a reflection of the actual economic relationship between the EU and China [8][18]. - The potential for tariffs could harm European businesses and consumers, as they rely on Chinese goods and materials, suggesting that a cooperative approach would be more beneficial [16][18].

拿到好处刚回国，马克龙便开始有话说？ 马克龙此次访华行程从12月3日持续至5日，先后访问了北京和成都两地。在成都大熊猫基地，他看着大 熊猫"圆梦"啃竹笋的画面在社交媒体上热传，半小时后就冲上了中法两国社交网络热搜之外。 这经贸合作方面取得的成果也相当可观。中国商飞与空客签署了价值160亿欧元的采购协议，中国还同 意支持空客在天津建设第二条总装线，并将法国电动车进口配额从每年5万辆提高到12万辆。 刚笑脸就冷脸，马克龙去四川游一圈，"变脸"学到了精髓！ 然而12月7日，返回法国的马克龙在接受《回声报》采访时的表态却与访华期间的热情洋溢判若两人。 他声称："如果他们不做出反应，解决欧盟与中国之间的贸易逆差问题，我们欧洲人将不得不采取严厉 措施，像美国那样停止合作，例如对中国商品加征关税。" 这实际已不是马克龙首次上演"变脸"戏码。2023年4月马克龙访华时，也曾受到中方高规格礼遇，签下 空客扩产、核能合作等重磅大单，但回国后却在欧盟层面牵头推动对中国电动车加征最高35.3%的惩罚 性关税。 只得说，对于欧洲，纵然马克龙高呼"向东看"，但法国也离不开欧洲。 而欧盟对华贸易逆差会创下新高，甚至超过美国，首先从数据看， ...

印度央行紧急出手。 12月8日，印度卢比再度遭遇抛售，美元兑印度卢比汇率已经升破90心理大关。据最新消息，印度央行正入市干预以缓解印度卢比贬值压力，专职交易员有时以每 分钟抛售1亿美元的力度维稳汇市。 但有分析指出，印度央行进一步干预的空间可能有限，其"救市"行动已经对印度金融系统产生显著影响，自今年6月高点以来，外汇储备中的外币资产减少约380亿 美元（约合人民币2700亿元）。 印度"救市" 值得注意的是，今年以来，美元指数累计跌幅超7%。意味着，印度卢比的贬值幅度更为惨烈。 交易员表示，如果不是印度央行持续入市干预，印度卢比跌幅本会更大。 据彭博社报道，接受采访的银行家、交易员和央行前官员透露，印度央行的干预方式高度保密且不可预测，导致市场波动性居高不下。 12月8日，据彭博社报道，印度央行行长桑贾伊·马尔霍特拉（Sanjay Malhotra）正试图在打击投机与避免过度干预之间寻找平衡。 报道称，印度央行的干预决策每天早晨在孟买南部总部做出。交易员在隔音房间接收指令，有时每分钟向市场抛售1亿美元，试图缓解印度卢比贬值压力。 今年以来，印度卢比汇率遭遇重挫，截至发稿，印度卢比兑美元汇率累计贬值幅度接近4 ...

Economic Indicators - The core PCE price index in the U.S. met expectations, reinforcing the anticipation of an interest rate cut this week[1] - U.S. consumer spending showed almost no growth in September, indicating a cautious approach to spending amid persistent inflation[11] - The Michigan consumer confidence index rose for the first time in five months, with inflation expectations dropping to the lowest since January[11] Market Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index closed up 0.7% at 3902.81 points, while the Shenzhen Component rose 1.08% and the ChiNext Index increased by 1.36%[1] - The Hong Kong Hang Seng Index gained 0.58% to close at 26085.08 points, with the Hang Seng Tech Index up 0.84%[1] - The average daily trading volume in the Hong Kong stock market increased by 95% year-on-year to 2558 billion HKD in the first 11 months of the year[9] Geopolitical Tensions - Japan's defense ministry accused China of locking radar on Japanese military aircraft, escalating tensions between the two nations[11] - The Chinese military responded, claiming Japanese aircraft have repeatedly approached and interfered with Chinese fighter training, posing safety risks[11] Financial Market Developments - Prudential Corporation Holdings submitted an IPO application for ICICI Asset Management in India, planning to sell up to 9.91% of its stake[13] - China’s central bank increased its gold reserves for the 13th consecutive month, adding 30,000 ounces in November, bringing total reserves to approximately 74.12 million ounces[11]