投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1778 号 钢材&铁矿石 | 日报 2025 年 6 月 18 日 钢材&铁矿石日报 专业研究·创造价值 产业格局弱稳，钢矿低位震荡 核心观点 姓名：涂伟华 宝城期货投资咨询部 从业资格证号：F3060359 投资咨询证号：Z0011688 电话：0571-87006873 邮箱：tuweihua@bcqhgs.com 作者声明 本人具有中国期货业协会 授予的期货从业资格证书，期 货投资咨询资格证书，本人承 诺以勤勉的职业态度，独立、 客观地出具本报告。本报告清 晰准确地反映了本人的研究观 点。本人不会因本报告中的具 体推荐意见或观点而直接或间 接接收到任何形式的报酬。 专业研究·创造价值 1 / 7 请务必阅读文末免责条款 请务必阅读文末免责条款部分 1 / 8 螺纹钢：主力期价震荡运行，录得 0.13%日涨幅，量增仓缩。现阶段， 螺纹供需格局表现不佳，淡季钢价承压运行，相对利好则是现实矛盾不 大，库存维持低位，基本面弱稳局面下预计钢价延续低位震荡运行态 势，关注需求变化情况。 热轧卷板：主力期价低位震荡，录得 0.32%日涨幅，量增仓缩。目前来 看，热卷供需格局未好 ...

Economic and Trade Developments - The first meeting of the China-US economic and trade consultation mechanism was held in London, where both sides reached a framework agreement to implement the consensus from the recent phone call between the two countries' leaders and to consolidate the outcomes of the Geneva talks [2] - The State Council of China held a meeting to deploy pilot measures for the replication and promotion of the China (Shanghai) Free Trade Pilot Zone, focusing on stabilizing expectations and activating demand in the real estate market [1][2] Consumer and Producer Price Index - In May, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) decreased by 0.2% month-on-month and by 0.1% year-on-year, with the core CPI (excluding food and energy) rising by 0.6% year-on-year, an increase of 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [3] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) fell by 0.4% month-on-month and by 3.3% year-on-year, with the decline attributed to international input factors and a temporary decrease in domestic energy and raw material prices [3] Financial and Monetary Data - As of the end of May, the broad money supply (M2) stood at 325.78 trillion yuan, growing by 7.9% year-on-year, while the narrow money supply (M1) was 108.91 trillion yuan, up by 2.3% year-on-year [6] - The People's Bank of China reported a net cash injection of 306.4 billion yuan in the first five months of the year [6] Automotive Industry Developments - Several major automotive companies, including China FAW, Dongfeng, and Geely, announced a unified payment term of 60 days for suppliers, reflecting a commitment to maintaining a healthy supply chain [8] - The launch of aluminum alloy futures trading on June 10, with a base price set at 18,365 yuan per ton, indicates a new development in the commodities market [8] Regulatory Changes - The State Administration for Market Regulation released a draft for public consultation on the supervision of live e-commerce, emphasizing the responsibility of live stream operators to avoid false or misleading commercial promotions [5] - New regulations for individual business registration will take effect on July 15, clarifying the registration process for individual businesses operating online [5]

Core Viewpoint - The event in Zhangjiagang aims to enhance collaboration between universities and enterprises, fostering a new blueprint for talent integration and industrial development [1][3]. Group 1: Event Overview - The Jiangsu Zhangjiagang Government-Enterprise Alliance Cooperation Conference gathered 137 universities and nearly 200 local enterprises to discuss talent integration [1]. - The event is part of a six-year initiative to strengthen partnerships with over 200 universities, attracting more than 100,000 graduates to the city [4]. Group 2: Talent Development Initiatives - Zhangjiagang is committed to building a "talent-friendly" and "employment-friendly" city, implementing a "1+1+N" talent policy system and launching a talent fund with a total scale of 1.5 billion yuan [3][4]. - The city has introduced three major talent plans focusing on higher education graduates, artificial intelligence, and semiconductor industries [3]. Group 3: Success Stories - The city has seen a significant increase in talent, with a total of over 460,000 individuals, including 45,000 high-level talents and 132,800 skilled workers [4]. - A success story highlighted includes a graduate who transitioned from research to production, winning national accolades and advancing to a mid-level management position [4]. Group 4: Regional Collaboration - The event also featured a cross-regional cooperation agreement between employment service centers from Yunnan, Hubei, and Henan provinces and Zhangjiagang's human resources department to expand talent recruitment efforts [5].

热轧卷板周度数据（20250613） | 黑色金属研究员 涂伟华 | 环比变化 | 上月末值 | 本月变化 | 同期值 | 同期变化 | 本周值 | | | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 5.10 | 327.65 | 周度产量 | 324.65 | -4.10 | 319.55 | -3.00 | 供给 | 1.05 | 高炉产能利用率（%） | 90.58 | -0.07 | 90.69 | -0.11 | 89.53 | | 表观需求量 | 319.88 | -1.04 | 326.93 | -7.05 | 328.67 | -8.79 | 需求 | 0.49 | 86.01 | 2.48 | 冷轧卷板周产量 | 88.49 | -0.27 | 88.00 | | 4.77 | 332.81 | 12.60 | 413.83 | 总库存 | 345.41 | -68.42 | 0.18 | 75.02 | 1.51 | 89 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The overall operation of industrial bond - issuing entities was under pressure in 2024, with differentiated industry performance. The total operating revenue and net profit of industrial bond entities decreased year - on - year, and the proportion of loss - making enterprises increased. In 2025Q1, the overall operating revenue of industrial bond entities decreased year - on - year, while the net profit remained flat. [2][3] - The economic fundamentals are expected to continue the characteristics of domestic demand support, external demand pressure, and policy escort this year. Attention should be paid to the improvement of the fundamentals of entities under the influence of pro - growth policies. [2][13] - For the real estate industry, it is still in the bottom - building stage. Attention can be paid to the income - mining opportunities of central and state - owned enterprise real estate bonds with an implied rating of AA and above within 1 - 2 years. [4] - For the coal industry, there is downward pressure on the industry's prosperity. Short - term medium - and high - grade varieties can be focused on, and institutions with higher income requirements can appropriately invest in 1 - 2y varieties of coal enterprises with an implied rating of AA. [5] - For the steel industry, the problem of over - supply is still serious. Caution should be exercised when investing in lower - quality entities, and 1 - 2yAA + varieties can be focused on. [6] 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1. How Did the Annual Reports and Q1 Reports of Each Industry Perform? 3.1.1. Overall Situation Analysis: The Overall Profitability Declined - In 2024, the total operating revenue and net profit of industrial bond entities decreased year - on - year, and the proportion of loss - making enterprises increased from 18% in 2023 to 21% in 2024. [13][14] - In 2025Q1, the overall operating revenue of industrial bond entities decreased by 2% year - on - year, while the net profit remained flat. [15] 3.1.2. Industry Performance: A Minority of Industries Had Positive Revenue and Net Profit Growth, and Most Industries Had Positive Growth in Operating Net Cash Flow - In 2024, about one - third of industries had positive revenue growth, and about 40% of industries had positive net profit growth. Nearly half of the industries had an increase in asset - liability ratio, and about 60% of industries had positive growth in operating net cash flow. [3] - Industries with revenue growth of over 5% in 2024 included non - ferrous metals, electronics, etc.; industries with a decline of over 5% included coal, steel, etc. [20] 3.1.3. Situations of Continuously Loss - making and Turnaround Entities - There were 79 bond - issuing industrial entities with net profit losses for 3 consecutive years or more, mainly distributed in transportation, real estate, etc. [36] - There were 20 bond - issuing industrial entities that had net profit losses for 2 consecutive years or more and turned profitable in 2024, mainly in public utilities, social services, etc. [39] 3.2. Financial Analysis of Key Industries: Real Estate, Coal, and Steel 3.2.1. Real Estate Industry: The Industry Is Still in the Bottom - building Stage, and Attention Should Be Paid to the Investment Opportunities of Central and State - owned Enterprises within 1 - 2 Years - **Fundamentals**: Pro - real - estate policies have been actively implemented, and the effect of destocking policies is gradually emerging, but the industry's prosperity is still low. [41] - **Financial Indicator Performance**: The profitability is under continuous pressure, the operating net cash flow is stable, the gaps in investment and financing net cash flows are narrowing, the median asset - liability ratio has decreased slightly, and the short - term solvency has declined. [4][50][51] - **Investment Strategy**: Attention can be paid to the income - mining opportunities of central and state - owned enterprise real estate bonds with an implied rating of AA and above within 1 - 2 years. Some 1 - year central and state - owned enterprise real estate bonds with an implied rating of AA and AA + have yields ranging from 2.2% to 2.7%. [4][61] 3.2.2. Coal Industry: There Is Downward Pressure on the Industry's Prosperity, and Attention Should Be Continuously Paid. Currently, Appropriate Investment in Lower - Grade Entities Can Be Made - **Fundamentals**: Since last year, there has been downward pressure on the coal industry's prosperity. Supply is sufficient but demand is weak, and coal prices have fluctuated downward. There may still be some downward pressure on coal prices this year. [5][63] - **Financial Indicator Performance**: The overall profitability has declined, the operating net cash flow has shrunk, the gap in investment cash flow has widened, the gap in financing cash flow has narrowed, the median asset - liability ratio has decreased, and the short - term solvency has declined. [5][68][71] - **Investment Strategy**: Short - term medium - and high - grade varieties can be focused on. Institutions with higher income requirements can appropriately invest in 1 - 2y varieties of coal enterprises with an implied rating of AA, and medium - and high - grade entities can extend the duration to 3y. [5][77] 3.2.3. Steel Industry: The Problem of Over - Supply in the Industry Is Still Serious. Caution Should Be Exercised When Investing in Lower - Quality Entities - **Fundamentals**: Since 2024, the steel industry has been in the bottom - exploring stage. Although the pro - growth policies have slightly improved the industry's prosperity, the sustainability is weak. The problem of over - supply is still serious. [6] - **Financial Indicator Performance**: The profitability has been under continuous pressure, with a marginal improvement in Q1. The operating net cash flow has shrunk, the gap in investment net cash flow has widened, the financing net cash flow has turned positive, the median asset - liability ratio has increased, and the short - term solvency has slightly declined. [6] - **Investment Strategy**: Caution should be exercised when investing in lower - quality entities. 1 - 2yAA + varieties can be focused on. [6]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The main contract price of rebar oscillated and rebounded with a daily increase of 0.57%. With supply and demand both weakening, the fundamentals remain unchanged, and the price is expected to continue to oscillate at a low level, focusing on demand performance [4]. - The main contract price of hot - rolled coil oscillated with a daily increase of 0.55%. The supply is increasing while the demand is weakly stable, and the price is expected to oscillate and stabilize in the short term due to improved market sentiment, also focusing on demand [4]. - The main contract price of iron ore oscillated higher with a daily increase of 0.86%. The supply is under pressure, and the demand is expected to weaken, but the price may oscillate strongly in the short term supported by the logic of narrowing the discount, focusing on the change in molten iron [4]. Summary of Each Section Industry Dynamics - The global manufacturing PMI was 49.2% in May, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month but below 50% for three consecutive months. The US manufacturing PMI continued to decline [6]. - In May, the average monthly working hours of China's construction machinery products decreased year - on - year and month - on - month. The monthly average working hours of excavators were 72.6 hours, and the monthly starting rate was 61% [7]. - On June 3, 2025, Brazil launched an anti - dumping investigation into hot - rolled coils imported from China [8]. Spot Market - The spot prices of rebar, hot - rolled coil, Tangshan billet, and Zhangjiagang heavy scrap are provided, along with the prices of 61.5% PB powder, Tangshan iron concentrate powder, freight, SGX swaps, and the Platts index [9]. Futures Market - The closing prices, price changes, trading volumes, and open interests of the main contracts of rebar, hot - rolled coil, and iron ore are presented. The rebar contract closed at 2,975 with a 0.57% increase, the hot - rolled coil at 3,092 with a 0.55% increase, and the iron ore at 707.5 with a 0.86% increase [13]. Related Charts - Include charts of steel and iron ore inventories (rebar, hot - rolled coil, 45 - port iron ore, etc.), steel mill production (blast furnace start - up rate, capacity utilization rate, etc.) [15][20][29]. Market Outlook - Rebar: Supply and demand are both weakening. The weekly output decreased by 7.05 tons, and the weekly apparent demand decreased by 19.65 tons. The price is expected to oscillate at a low level, focusing on demand [39]. - Hot - rolled coil: The supply is increasing, with a weekly output increase of 9.20 tons, while the demand is weakly stable, with a weekly apparent demand decrease of 6.01 tons. The price is expected to oscillate and stabilize, paying attention to demand [40]. - Iron ore: The supply is under pressure, and the demand is expected to weaken. The price may oscillate strongly in the short term, focusing on the change in molten iron [41].

Group 1: Impact of Deposit Rate Cuts on Credit Bonds - The impact of deposit rate cuts on credit bond performance varies; if the cuts lead to a decline in policy rates, credit spreads typically widen, while if they precede rate cuts, spreads may narrow [1][9][10] - Historical analysis shows that after deposit rate cuts, the net buying power for credit bonds from funds and insurance is usually limited, indicating a weak immediate impact [1][15][9] - The short-term influence of deposit rate cuts on credit spreads is primarily driven by market sentiment and conditions rather than direct attribution to the event [1][15][9] Group 2: June Credit Bond Strategy - In June, the demand for credit bonds may weaken marginally, and the momentum for spread narrowing is expected to slow down due to seasonal trends [1][25][28] - The market is anticipated to remain volatile, with institutions focusing on high-yield bonds to potentially drive structural narrowing in credit spreads, although a trend compression is unlikely [1][25][28] - The liquidity environment is expected to be stable, with the central bank showing a strong willingness to support liquidity, which may help mitigate risks of significant capital outflows [1][28][26] Group 3: Sector-Specific Strategies - For urban investment bonds, focus on low-grade bonds within 3 years and medium to high-grade bonds in the 4-5 year range, particularly in regions with strong financial capabilities [2][3] - In the real estate sector, attention should be on AA-rated bonds from central and state-owned enterprises with maturities of 1-2 years, as lower-grade real estate bonds have shown significant spread compression [2][3] - For cyclical bonds, particularly coal and steel, a cautious approach is recommended, with a focus on high-grade issuers to avoid tail risks associated with declining market conditions [2][3]

| 材产业期现日报 | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 投资咨询业务资格:证监许可 【2011】1292号 2025年6月4日 | | | 問敏波 | 20010559 | | | 钢材价格及价差 | | | | | | | 品种 | 现值 | 即值 | 涨跌 | 某差 | 单位 | | 螺纹钢现货(华东) | 3090 | 3120 | -30 | 185 | | | 螺纹钢现货(华北) | 3150 | 3160 | -10 | 245 | | | 螺纹钢现货(华南) | 3200 | 3230 | -30 | 295 | | | 螺纹钢05合约 | 2910 | 2973 | -63 | 180 | | | 螺纹钢10合约 | 2928 | 2961 | -33 | 162 | | | 螺纹钢01合约 | 2905 | 2967 | -62 | 185 | | | 热卷现货(华东) | 3170 | 3170 | 0 | 125 | 元/吨 | | 热卷现货(华北) | 3100 | 3140 | -40 | ਵੇਂ | | | 热卷现 ...

Group 1: Hot News - The US accused China of violating the Geneva talks consensus, while China firmly opposed it and urged the US to respect facts and correct wrongdoings [2] - US President Trump raised the tariffs on imported steel, aluminum and their derivatives from 25% to 50%, effective from 00:01 on June 4, 2025, Eastern Time, except for those from the UK which remain at 25% [2] - China's Caixin Manufacturing PMI in May was 48.3, down 2.1 percentage points from April, falling below the critical point for the first time since October 2024 [2] - The OECD lowered the economic growth forecasts for the US and the world. The US growth rate in 2025 was cut from 2.2% to 1.6%, and expected to be 1.5% in 2026. The global growth forecast for 2025 dropped to 2.9%, and inflation rose to 3.2% [3] - China's metallurgical - grade alumina production in May 2025 increased by 2.66% month - on - month and 4.06% year - on - year. The actual operating capacity decreased by 0.46% month - on - month, with an operating rate of 77.3%. The average profit in the alumina industry exceeded 400 yuan/ton as of May 30 [3] Group 2: Key Focus - Commodities to focus on are urea, crude oil, soybean meal, and PVC [4] Group 3: Night - session Performance - Night - session performance of commodity sectors: Non - metallic building materials 2.65%, precious metals 30.82%, energy 2.35%, chemicals 12.74%, grains 1.51%, agricultural and sideline products 2.61%, oilseeds and fats 11.66%, soft commodities 2.38%, non - ferrous metals 19.98%, coking coal and steel ore 13.29% [4][5] Group 4: Asset Performance - Performance of major asset classes: Shanghai Composite Index daily gain 0.43%, monthly gain 0.43%, annual gain 0.30%; S&P 500 daily gain 0.58%, monthly gain 0.99%, annual gain 1.51%; Hang Seng Index daily gain 1.53%, monthly gain 0.96%, annual gain 17.21%; etc [7] - Performance of major commodities: WTI crude oil daily gain 1.36%, monthly gain 4.35%, annual loss 11.89%; London spot gold daily loss 0.83%, monthly gain 1.96%, annual gain 27.77%; etc [7]

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The records primarily focus on the **bond market** outlook for June 2025, with insights into **monetary policy**, **credit bonds**, and specific sectors such as **real estate** and **coal** industries. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Bond Market Outlook for June 2025**: The bond market is expected to continue the volatile trend observed since May, primarily due to uncertainties in tariff negotiations and variable fundamental data. The trading range for the 10-year government bond is anticipated to be between **1.6% and 1.7%** [2][3][11]. 2. **Monetary Policy Shift**: The People's Bank of China has shifted its monetary policy focus from preventing capital turnover to stabilizing growth, creating a relatively friendly monetary environment. The dual interest rate cuts in May were in line with expectations, but the positive effects were quickly absorbed by the market [3][8]. 3. **Seasonal Factors**: Historical data from 2019 to 2024 indicates that the 10-year government bond typically experiences limited volatility in June, with fluctuations generally within **10 basis points**. Seasonal factors and government bond issuance are expected to influence liquidity significantly [4][6]. 4. **Liquidity Concerns**: The liquidity situation in June is complicated by a **1.5 trillion yuan** net financing issuance and **4 trillion yuan** in maturing certificates of deposit, raising concerns about short-term volatility despite an overall favorable trend [7][8]. 5. **Credit Bonds**: The short-end credit spread has limited compression potential, while three-year varieties still have room for compression. Attention is drawn to **2A-rated** credit bonds for investment opportunities [6][12]. 6. **Real Estate Sector**: The real estate industry is in a bottoming phase, with a focus on the impact of policy relaxations in core first-tier cities. Recommendations include investing in safe-zone state-owned enterprise real estate bonds and high-cost performance **2A/2A+** rated bonds [16][17]. 7. **Coal Industry**: The coal sector has seen a decline in demand since 2024, leading to price fluctuations. The overall profitability has decreased, and cash flow from operating activities has contracted [19][21]. 8. **Steel Industry**: The steel sector faces severe oversupply issues, with a slight recovery in demand due to export boosts. However, domestic demand remains weak, leading to continued pressure on prices and profitability [20][21]. Additional Important Content 1. **Investment Strategies**: The second half of 2025 may present a significant investment window, with potential new monetary policies expected to be announced in July. Investors are advised to prepare for this period despite a lackluster June [5][11]. 2. **Credit Strategy**: The credit market shows varying performance across different maturities and ratings, with a focus on optimizing investment portfolios based on these dynamics [12][14]. 3. **Market Dynamics**: The convertible bond market has experienced a V-shaped recovery, indicating strong buying power despite the unclear upward trend in the equity market [22][24]. 4. **Risk Assessment**: The overall risk in the equity market is considered manageable, with liquidity remaining ample and policy expectations high, which supports the convertible bond market [23][30]. This summary encapsulates the key points from the conference call records, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state and outlook of the bond market and related sectors.