Employment Data - In May 2025, the U.S. added 139,000 non-farm jobs, exceeding the market expectation of 130,000 jobs and slightly down from the revised previous value of 147,000 jobs[1][13][15] - The unemployment rate remained stable at 4.2%, matching both the forecast and the previous month's rate[1][13][15] - Average hourly earnings increased by 3.9% year-on-year, surpassing the expected 3.7% and matching the previous value[1][13][15] Sector Performance - The leisure and hospitality sector saw a significant increase, adding 48,000 jobs, up from 29,000 in the previous month, contributing to the stability of the overall employment data[2][24] - Manufacturing jobs decreased by 5,000, a decline from the previous increase of 14,000, indicating pressure from tariff disruptions[3][23] - Financial activities added 13,000 jobs, up from 3,000 previously, showing a recovery in this sector[3][24] Labor Market Dynamics - The labor force participation rate fell by 0.2 percentage points to 62.4%, with notable declines in youth employment willingness[4][29] - The U3 unemployment rate remained at 4.2%, with a slight increase of 71,000 in the number of unemployed individuals[4][35] - The U6 unemployment rate, which includes those working part-time for economic reasons, held steady at 7.8%[4][35] Federal Reserve Outlook - The robust non-farm data reinforces the Federal Reserve's wait-and-see approach, with a near 100% probability that interest rates will remain unchanged in June 2025[5][19] - Market expectations indicate two rate cuts in 2025, with the first anticipated in September, having a probability of approximately 50%[5][19][22]

Employment Data - In May 2025, the U.S. added 139,000 non-farm jobs, exceeding the market expectation of 130,000 jobs and slightly down from the revised previous value of 147,000 jobs[1][15] - The unemployment rate remained stable at 4.2%, matching both the forecast and the previous month's rate[1][15] - Average hourly earnings increased by 3.9% year-on-year, surpassing the expected 3.7% and matching the previous value after revision[1][15] Sector Performance - The leisure and hospitality sector saw a significant increase, adding 48,000 jobs in May, up from 29,000 in the previous month, contributing to the overall employment stability[2][24] - Manufacturing jobs decreased by 5,000, contrasting with a previous increase of 14,000, indicating pressure from tariff disruptions[3][23] - Financial activities added 13,000 jobs, up from 3,000 in the previous month, showing a recovery in this sector[3][24] Labor Market Dynamics - The labor force participation rate fell by 0.2 percentage points to 62.4%, with notable declines in youth employment willingness[4][29] - The U3 unemployment rate remained at 4.2%, with a slight increase of 71,000 in the number of unemployed individuals[4][35] - The U6 unemployment rate, which includes those working part-time for economic reasons, held steady at 7.8%[4][35] Federal Reserve Outlook - The robust non-farm data reinforces the Federal Reserve's wait-and-see approach, with a near 100% probability that interest rates will remain unchanged in June 2025[5][19] - Market expectations indicate two potential rate cuts in 2025, with the first anticipated in September, having a probability of approximately 50%[5][19]

Core Viewpoint - The upcoming US May non-farm payroll report is anticipated to reveal significant cooling in the labor market, as indicated by a series of concerning leading indicators, particularly the disappointing ADP employment data [1][3]. Employment Data - The ADP report for May showed only 37,000 new jobs added, far below the expected 114,000, marking the lowest figure since March 2023 and the largest deviation from expectations in nearly three years [1][3]. - Job losses were noted in the goods-producing sector, with a decrease of 2,000 positions, while the service sector saw a modest increase of 36,000 jobs, primarily driven by leisure and hospitality (+38,000) and finance (+20,000) [3]. - Small businesses (fewer than 50 employees) were particularly affected, losing 13,000 jobs, reflecting the direct impact of macroeconomic policy uncertainty on these vulnerable entities [3]. Economic Indicators - Initial jobless claims rose to 247,000, exceeding expectations and reaching an eight-month high, with the four-week moving average also at its highest since November 2021, suggesting prolonged unemployment durations [4]. - The ISM non-manufacturing PMI unexpectedly fell to 49.9 in May, indicating contraction in business activity for the first time since mid-2022, attributed to policy uncertainties affecting order delays [4]. Policy Uncertainty - Current policy uncertainties, especially regarding tariffs, are seen as a core factor contributing to the unclear economic outlook, with potential cost increases looming if negotiations fail [5]. - The upcoming non-farm payroll report is crucial for understanding structural changes in employment, particularly in the goods-producing sector, small businesses, and temporary jobs [5]. Market Reactions - Market consensus for new non-farm jobs has dropped to 130,000 from a previous 177,000, with some institutions predicting as low as 125,000 [7]. - The unemployment rate is expected to remain at 4.2%, but a rise to 4.3% or higher could signal recession risks [7]. - Average hourly wage growth is projected to slightly increase to 0.3%, raising concerns about a potential wage-inflation spiral due to high labor costs and declining productivity [7]. Short-term Volatility - The release of employment data is likely to cause significant volatility in stock, bond, and currency markets, similar to the reactions following the ADP data release [8]. - Current interest rate futures reflect expectations of at least two rate cuts by the Federal Reserve this year, with increased bets on a September rate cut if unemployment rises significantly [8].

ADP的首席经济学家Nela Richardson女士也很委婉地说了句："招聘正在失去动力。" 什么叫"失去动力"？直白点说就是：美国老板们现在普遍进入了"看看再说"模式。招人？先不急。工资？能不涨就不涨。现在的企业 HR，最常说的一句话不是"我们很快给你答复"，而是"这个岗位先不招了了，祝你找到合适的工作！"。 说到这里，那么问题来了，为什么招聘突然刹车了？原因其实也不复杂：不确定性太多了，经济增长放缓，通胀还没彻底搞定，美联 储也天天"欲降还羞"，搞得企业既不敢猛招人，也不敢扩张投资。 没错，事情是这样的：美国5月份的就业数据刚出来，就一个字——"惨"！ ADP研究机构公布了一组数据，说是5月份美国私人部门新增就业人数只有3.7万人。这不是喜报，是丧钟！要知道，市场原本预期是 11.4万人，前值是6.2万，现在就给你整了个3.7万……你说这不跟年终奖预期五位数，实际到账"谢谢参与"一个套路吗？ 经济学家们全体表情管理失控，这个数据比他们的预期少了整整五个标准差！ 还有一个很扎心的点：薪资增长也停滞了。数据显示，跳槽的员工工资涨了7%，听起来还不错吧？但是没跳槽的人，工资只涨了 4.5%。这告诉我们一个道理 ...

2025年5月2日，美国劳工部公布2025年4月非农数据：新增非农就业17.7万人，预期13.0万人，前值由 22.8万人修正至18.5万人;4月失业率4.2%，预期4.2%，前值4.2%;平均时薪同比升3.8%，预期升3.9%，前 值升3.8%。 核心观点： 2025年4月美国新增就业回落，但高于市场预期。从结构看，关税扰动下零售业、休闲酒店业就业转 弱，显示美国经济承压，但4月运输和仓储行业新增就业大幅回升，部分对冲了关税对就业数据的影 响，或因美国厂商在对等关税生效前赶工而大量招聘人员，持续性存疑。结合本次非农数据的结构与被 下修的前值，美国就业市场压力依然存在。 智通财经APP获悉，光大证券发布研报称，尽管美国经济承压，但高于预期的非农数据减弱了市场对美 国经济衰退的担忧，美联储或保持更多耐心。从就业数据看，尽管后续就业数据或有转弱风险，但就4 月数据本身而言，失业率未有抬升，以及新增就业17.7万人的读数并不差，短期内美联储或继续保持观 望，尚在等待经济转弱的更多信号。 以下为研报核心观点 事件： 展望看，从就业数据看，尽管后续就业数据或有转弱风险，但就4月数据本身而言，失业率未有抬升， 以及新增就 ...

2025 年 5 月 3 日 非农暂时稳定，缓和市场衰退担忧 ——2025 年 4 月美国非农数据点评 要点 事件： 2025 年 5 月 2 日，美国劳工部公布 2025 年 4 月非农数据：新增非农就业 17.7 万人，预期 13.0 万人，前值由 22.8 万人修正至 18.5 万人；4 月失业率 4.2%， 预期 4.2%，前值 4.2%；平均时薪同比升 3.8%，预期升 3.9%，前值升 3.8%。 核心观点： 2025 年 4 月美国新增就业回落，但高于市场预期。从结构看，关税扰动下零售 业、休闲酒店业就业转弱，显示美国经济承压，但 4 月运输和仓储行业新增就业 大幅回升，部分对冲了关税对就业数据的影响，或因美国厂商在对等关税生效前 赶工而大量招聘人员，持续性存疑。结合本次非农数据的结构与被下修的前值， 美国就业市场压力依然存在。 尽管美国经济承压，但高于预期的非农数据减弱了市场对美国经济衰退的担忧， 美联储或保持更多耐心。从就业数据看，尽管后续就业数据或有转弱风险，但就 4 月数据本身而言，失业率未有抬升，以及新增就业 17.7 万人的读数并不差， 短期内美联储或继续保持观望，尚在等待经济转弱的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The March 2025 non-farm payroll data in the U.S. exceeded expectations, with healthcare services and leisure hospitality being the main contributors. The slight increase in the unemployment rate is primarily due to a rise in labor force participation, indicating a healthy job market overall, although there are signs of marginal weakening [1][3][4]. Summary by Sections Employment Data - In March 2025, the U.S. added 228,000 non-farm jobs, surpassing the expected 140,000 and the revised previous value of 117,000. The unemployment rate was 4.2%, slightly above the expected 4.1% and the previous 4.1%. Year-on-year wage growth was 3.8%, below expectations and the previous value of 4%, while month-on-month growth was 0.3%, consistent with expectations and higher than the revised previous value of 0.2% [2][3]. Sector Contributions - The private sector added 209,000 jobs, exceeding the market expectation of 135,000 and the revised previous value of 116,000. Job gains were seen across various sectors, with the goods-producing sector adding 12,000 jobs and the service sector adding 197,000 jobs. Notably, education and healthcare services contributed 77,800 jobs, while leisure and hospitality added 43,000 jobs [3][4]. Labor Force Participation - The labor force participation rate in March was 62.5%, higher than the previous and expected values of 62.4%. The slight increase in the unemployment rate was attributed to this rise in participation, with the unemployment rate moving from 4.139% in February to 4.152% in March [4][5]. Federal Reserve's Stance - The March employment data did not raise concerns for the Federal Reserve, which prioritized inflation risks over economic growth pressures. Powell's statements indicated no intention for risk management-style rate cuts similar to those in 2019, reflecting a cautious approach to monetary policy amid rising inflation concerns [6][7]. Market Implications - The significant increase in non-farm payrolls and the slight rise in unemployment are viewed as a "calm before the storm" regarding tariff impacts. The market consensus suggests that the current employment data may not provide sufficient safety margins due to the unexpected breadth and depth of Trump's tariff increases, which could lead to economic adjustments [7][8]. Future Outlook - In the absence of a "Trump Put," market sentiment is expected to remain subdued, continuing to adjust in a "stagflation-like environment." The Federal Reserve's focus on inflation risks may hinder any immediate easing measures, despite favorable employment data [8][9].