数据显示，1月8日将有11000亿元3个月期买断式逆回购到期。由此，人民银行当日开展11000亿元买断 式逆回购操作，意味着当月3个月期买断式逆回购等量续作，也是该政策工具连续第三个月等量续作。 转自：北京日报客户端 同日，人民银行以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了99亿元7天期逆回购操作。 买断式逆回购、常规逆回购同属人民银行向市场投放流动性的方式，不过二者区分一方面在于期限不 同，另一方面，普通逆回购属于质押式回购，交易期间债券质押给人民银行但所有权未转移，旨在平滑 短期资金面波动；而买断式回购则实现了债券所有权的真实、完整转移，其功能不仅在于融资，也可能 涉及资产变现与流动性管理的更深层次结合，对市场预期的影响结构更为复杂。 1月8日，为保持银行体系流动性充裕，人民银行以固定数量、利率招标、多重价位中标方式开展11000 亿元买断式逆回购操作，期限为3个月（90天）。 王青指出，由此，着眼于应对潜在的流动性收紧态势，人民银行大概率会通过买断式逆回购向银行体系 注入中期流动性，引导资金面处于较为稳定的充裕状态。这在助力政府债券发行、引导金融机构加大货 币信贷投放力度的同时，也将释放数量型政策工具持续加力信号， ...

编者按： "十五五"开局之年，适度宽松的货币政策要努力推动实现经济增长、物价回升，这首先要求明年金融总 量保持合理增长，充分满足实体经济融资需求。社会融资规模、广义货币供应量（M2）是观测金融总 量的主要指标，也是当前我国货币政策主要的中间变量。尽管近年来央行多次强调将不断优化货币政策 中间变量，淡化对数量目标的关注，把金融总量更多作为观测性、参考性、预期性指标，但短期看，推 动社会融资规模、货币供应量增长同经济增长、价格总水平预期目标相匹配，依然是观测金融支持实体 经济是否"给力"的重要参考。 今年以来，社会融资规模、货币供应量增速水平始终高于名义经济增速，明年仍有基础继续保持平稳增 长。基础来自哪里？来自继续实施更加积极的财政政策，来自推动投资止跌回稳，来自居民消费需求持 续恢复，来自直接融资市场迅速发展。 货币政策工具也不只是降准降息，近年来货币政策工具特别是流动性投放工具更加多样，期限分布更趋 合理。长期有降准、国债买卖工具，中期有中期借贷便利（MLF）、买断式逆回购操作等工具，短期 有公开市场7天期逆回购、临时隔夜正、逆回购等工具。鉴于新的一年国债、地方政府专项债券等政府 债券将保持较大发行规模，央 ...

● 本报记者 彭扬 ——看总量，始终保持流动性充裕。央行综合运用降准、国债买卖公开市场操作等多种货币政策工具， 构建起短期、中期、长期相结合的流动性供给体系，保持社会融资条件相对宽松。 支持性货币政策显效 2025年，央行着力实施好适度宽松的货币政策，从量价两端持续为实体经济注入金融活水。 货币政策工具精准发力、有序落地：5月，央行实施降准50个基点，释放长期流动性约1万亿元；10月， 央行恢复公开市场国债买卖操作……一系列举措有效地巩固了流动性充裕的格局，金融活水源源不断地 流向实体经济，为经济延续稳中有进态势提供坚实的金融支撑。 ——看价格，社会综合融资成本处于历史低位。政策发力既有政策利率牵引，也有精准滴灌。5月，央 行下调7天期逆回购利率，为贷款利率下行创造条件。同时，央行下调结构性货币政策工具利率和公积 金贷款利率，进一步拓宽利率下调的覆盖范围，增强政策支持力度。 数据印证了政策的实效。11月，企业新发放贷款（本外币）加权平均利率约为3.1%，比上年同期低约 30个基点；个人住房新发放贷款（本外币）加权平均利率约为3.1%，比上年同期低约3个基点。企业融 资和居民信贷成本均保持低位运行。 "继续实施 ...

会议还提出，完善中央银行制度，建设强大的中央银行；防范化解重点领域的金融风险，维护金融稳 定；稳步推进金融高水平开放，维护国家金融安全。 12月12日，中国人民银行党委召开会议，传达学习中央经济工作会议精神。会议强调，继续实施适度宽 松的货币政策，加快推进金融供给侧结构性改革。把促进经济稳定增长、物价合理回升作为货币政策的 重要考量，灵活高效运用降准降息等多种货币政策工具，把握好政策实施的力度、节奏和时机，保持流 动性充裕，促进社会综合融资成本低位运行，加强对实体经济的金融支持。畅通货币政策传导机制，优 化结构性货币政策工具运用，加强与财政政策的协同，激励和引导金融机构加力支持扩大内需、科技创 新、中小微企业等重点领域。保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。 ...

10月14日，央行发布公开市场买断式逆回购招标公告，2025年10月15日，中国人民银行将以固定数量、 利率招标、多重价位中标方式开展6000亿元买断式逆回购操作，期限为6个月(182天)。 买断式逆回购推出于2024年10月，是中国人民银行主动借出资金，从一级交易商购买债券，来向市场投 放流动性的操作。该工具可增强1年以内的流动性跨期调节能力，有助于提升流动性管理的精细化水 平。截至10月中旬，央行已开展了多次买断式逆回购操作。 自2024年10月推出以来，买断式逆回购已成为央行中期流动性管理的重要组成部分。该工具期限覆盖3 个月至1年，填补了央行流动性管理工具在中短期期限上的空白。与传统的7天期、14天期逆回购操作相 比，买断式逆回购能够提供更长期限的资金支持。 值得注意的是，这是央行本月第二次开展买断式逆回购操作。10月9日，央行以固定数量、利率招标、 多重价位中标方式开展11000亿元买断式逆回购操作，期限为3个月(91天)。考虑到10月分别有8000亿元 3个月期买断式逆回购到期(10月14日到期)和5000亿元6个月期买断式逆回购到期，因此央行10月两个期 限品种的买断式逆回购合计加量续作4000 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) is implementing a fixed quantity, interest rate auction, and multiple price bidding model for reverse repos starting from October 2024, indicating a shift towards a more market-oriented approach in liquidity management [2][4]. Group 1: Reverse Repo Operations - On June 6, 2025, the PBOC will conduct a 1 trillion yuan reverse repo operation with a 3-month term, amidst 1.2 trillion yuan of reverse repos maturing in June [1][3]. - The new auction model for reverse repos will resemble the Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF) operations, with fixed quantity and interest rate determined by market bidding [2][4]. - The PBOC's approach aims to maintain reasonable liquidity levels, with reverse repos providing 3-month and 6-month funding options, while MLF will offer 1-year funding [2][3]. Group 2: Liquidity Management - In May, the PBOC's long-term liquidity supply exceeded 1 trillion yuan, countering government bond repayment pressures, with net repayments of 910.2 billion yuan for government bonds being the highest since 2025 [3]. - The PBOC is expected to continue net injections through MLF in June, with a low pressure for excess renewals due to the smaller MLF maturity scale of 182 billion yuan [3][5]. - The central bank's liquidity management strategy remains focused on maintaining ample liquidity through various tools, including reverse repos and MLF, while observing the impact of recent interest rate cuts [5]. Group 3: Pricing Mechanism - The pricing for reverse repos will be more market-driven, similar to MLF, with the interest rates likely aligning with the yields of corresponding maturity interbank certificates of deposit [4]. - The PBOC is expected to maintain a non-disclosure policy for the winning bid rates in reverse repos, ensuring that the 7-day reverse repo rate remains the primary policy rate [4]. Group 4: Future Outlook - Following the recent interest rate cuts and reserve requirement ratio reductions, the focus will shift to the effectiveness of reverse repos and other conventional operations in the upcoming months [5]. - The next significant policy direction observation is anticipated during the Central Political Bureau meeting in July, with expectations for continued loose monetary policy through various liquidity tools [5].

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) conducted a reverse repurchase operation of 454.5 billion yuan, marking a shift from net liquidity injection to neutral adjustment, indicating precise liquidity management by the central bank [2] - The net liquidity withdrawal of 375.5 billion yuan aligns with market expectations, as the market liquidity has naturally eased with the end of the month-end assessment factors [2] - The central bank is expected to continue using various tools such as reverse repos and Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF) to ensure reasonable liquidity in the banking system [2][3] Group 2 - The PBOC has established a multi-dimensional liquidity management system, relying on reserve requirement ratio cuts and government bond transactions for stable support, while using MLF and reverse repos for maintaining reasonable liquidity [2] - Market expectations suggest that the central bank may release long-term liquidity through reserve requirement ratio cuts if necessary, with predictions that the DR007 will remain around 1.5% [3] - PBOC Governor Pan Gongsheng emphasized the commitment to a prudent monetary policy, adjusting policy strength and rhythm flexibly according to changing circumstances to create a suitable monetary environment for economic recovery [3]

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) shifted from net liquidity injection to net withdrawal, conducting a 454.5 billion yuan reverse repurchase operation, resulting in a net withdrawal of 375.5 billion yuan on June 3 [1] - Analysts expect the PBOC to maintain a reasonable liquidity level, utilizing various short- and medium-term liquidity management tools to ensure sufficient liquidity in the banking system as the mid-year approaches [1][2] - Historical trends indicate that June is a significant month for credit issuance, with banks likely to increase reserve requirements seasonally, impacting liquidity [1] Group 2 - The PBOC has room for further monetary policy easing, aiming for "appropriate looseness" while flexibly adjusting the implementation of policies based on domestic and international economic conditions [2] - The PBOC's liquidity management tools are becoming more balanced in terms of duration, allowing for precise liquidity adjustments through various instruments [2] - The PBOC may consider resuming government bond trading operations based on market conditions and yield changes, as indicated in the 2025 Q1 monetary policy report [2] Group 3 - There is limited pressure for tightening liquidity in the future, with the interbank market's 7-day bond repurchase rate expected to fluctuate around 1.5% [3] - The PBOC is committed to implementing an appropriately loose monetary policy while coordinating with fiscal policies to promote high-quality economic development [3]

Group 1 - The Central Political Bureau meeting emphasized the need for more proactive macro policies, including effective fiscal and moderately loose monetary policies [1] - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) announced a package of 10 financial measures, including interest rate cuts and the introduction of new policy tools to support technological innovation [1][2] - The PBOC's decision to lower the reserve requirement ratio (RRR) by 0.5 percentage points is expected to release approximately 1 trillion yuan in long-term liquidity [2] Group 2 - The reduction in the RRR is aimed at meeting the long-term liquidity needs and stabilizing the financing scale growth [2] - The PBOC's measures are designed to optimize the bank's liability structure and reduce financing costs for the real economy [2][4] - The PBOC also lowered the loan market quotation rate (LPR) by 10 basis points, which is expected to lower the actual financing costs for the real economy [4] Group 3 - The PBOC has introduced a new structural monetary policy tool to support consumption and the elderly care sector, with a total of 500 billion yuan allocated [6] - The new policy tool is an upgrade from the previous inclusive elderly care special re-loan policy, aimed at stimulating service consumption and enhancing pension security [6] - The PBOC has increased the re-loan quota for technological innovation and agricultural support by 3 billion yuan each, totaling 8 billion yuan for tech innovation [7] Group 4 - The PBOC's structural monetary policy tools are designed to support key sectors of the economy, including small and micro enterprises, real estate, and technological innovation [5][6] - The current monetary policy framework includes both total quantity tools and structural tools, with a focus on addressing structural contradictions in the economy [6] - Experts suggest that future monetary policy may increasingly rely on structural tools to support domestic demand and drive economic transformation [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The recent press conference on May 7, 2024, highlighted a series of financial support policies aimed at stabilizing the market and expectations, marking a systematic response to complex economic conditions [2][4][10]. Monetary Policy Measures - The People's Bank of China announced a package of monetary policy measures, including a 0.5 percentage point reduction in the reserve requirement ratio (RRR) and a 0.1 percentage point cut in interest rates, indicating a proactive approach to economic challenges [4][10]. - The combination of "total easing + targeted drip irrigation" strategies aims to lower financing costs for the real economy and inject certainty into the market [4][10]. Market Response and Expectations - The market's initial reaction to the "double cut" was less enthusiastic compared to previous announcements, with the Shanghai Composite Index only rising by 0.80% on the day of the announcement, reflecting a more cautious sentiment [11][12]. - Analysts suggest that the current low valuation levels of the A-share market, combined with ongoing supportive policies, could lead to a "slow bull" market trend [12]. Capital Market Support - The financial regulatory authorities emphasized the importance of long-term capital, such as insurance funds, to stabilize the capital market, indicating a shift towards a more coordinated policy approach [7][10]. - The introduction of structural tools and support for long-term investments aims to enhance market resilience and encourage a transition from short-term speculation to long-term value investment [7][10]. Future Policy Directions - Analysts anticipate further policy measures in fiscal, quasi-fiscal, and consumption sectors, suggesting that the recent monetary policy actions are just the beginning of a broader strategy to stimulate demand and support economic growth [5][12].