Core Viewpoint - The recent decline in bank stocks, which had previously seen significant gains, signals a potential style shift in the market, moving away from high-dividend, low-volatility assets towards sectors with greater elasticity [1][5][19]. Market Overview - As of the market close, the Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.7%, influenced by a drop in heavyweight stocks, while the Shenzhen Component and ChiNext Index saw slight increases. A total of 3,379 stocks rose, with over 60% of stocks experiencing gains, and trading volume reached 1.58 trillion yuan, a slight decrease of 47.5 billion yuan from the previous day [2][3]. Sector Performance - High-dividend sectors such as banking, utilities, and telecommunications experienced notable declines, while growth-oriented sectors like metals, military, semiconductors, and biotechnology showed strong upward momentum. The metals sector led the gains with an increase of over 2% [4][6]. Style Shift - The market is undergoing a style shift, moving from risk-averse, high-dividend assets to sectors with greater growth potential. This shift is partly due to the substantial gains accumulated in bank stocks, which have seen significant price increases since early 2023 [5][19]. Institutional Behavior - The recent collective drop in bank stocks is attributed to large institutional investors reallocating their portfolios, as evidenced by significant net outflows from bank stocks into broader market indices [17][18]. This behavior suggests that institutions are taking profits from bank stocks to invest in other sectors [19]. Economic Context - The decline in bank stocks coincides with a broader market recovery, as concerns over external market conditions, particularly regarding energy prices and geopolitical tensions, have eased. The recent ceasefire between Iran and Israel has contributed to a decrease in oil prices by approximately 12% [8][9]. Future Outlook - Despite the recent downturn, the long-term outlook for bank stocks remains positive due to their stable earnings and attractive dividend yields, especially in a low-interest-rate environment. The potential for increased dividend payouts further enhances their appeal to institutional investors [21][23][25]. Investment Strategy - Investors are advised to monitor for suitable entry points into bank stocks, as the current price adjustments may present opportunities for better value in the long run [26].

Group 1 - The market index has returned to 3400 points but is currently consolidating without further upward movement, primarily due to the influence of the liquor and banking sectors [1][5] - The current market environment indicates a style shift, with the potential for a broad-based rally rather than reliance on heavyweight sectors like finance and liquor [3][5] - The market is expected to continue fluctuating around the 3400-point mark, with the possibility of a significant rebound as the liquor sector's pullback is seen as a healthy consolidation [5][6] Group 2 - The trading volume is normal, and the market is anticipated to maintain its upward trajectory, with a focus on individual stock performance rather than just index movements [3][6] - The market sentiment remains optimistic, with expectations for continued gains despite recent volatility, as evidenced by the index's five consecutive days of increases post-holiday [8]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In May 2025, the A - share market showed narrow - range oscillations. The market is mainly pricing the progress of fundamental recovery, and the capital market's ability to boost valuations is limited. In June, with previous reserve requirement ratio and interest rate cuts already implemented, direct positive factors for the stock market are expected to be limited, and the market will likely continue to oscillate. The style - switching observation window in 2025 may be in August [3]. - The large - cap indices have outperformed small - cap indices for three consecutive months since March. The basis discount of stock index futures is relatively large, mainly affected by market hedging demand and periodic dividend factors [3]. - The Q1 2025 financial reports of A - share listed companies show a mixed performance. Although there are signs of profit recovery, it remains to be seen whether companies can maintain their Q1 net profit levels under the background of the tariff war, and the accounts receivable ratio is rising. The valuation of A - shares is at a historical median, and future quasi - stabilization funds are expected to maintain the overall stability of A - share valuations [3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Monthly Highlights of Stock Index Futures - **Market Oscillation**: In May, the A - share market had narrow - range oscillations. Wind All - A rose 2.39% monthly, CSI 1000 rose 1.28%, CSI 500 rose 0.7%, SSE 50 rose 1.73%, and SSE 300 rose 1.85%. The large - cap indices have outperformed small - cap indices for three consecutive months since March. In June, the stock market is expected to continue oscillating, and the style - switching window in 2025 may be in August [3]. - **Basis Discount**: The basis discount of stock index futures is relatively large. It mainly reflects market hedging demand, which depends on the existence of obvious Alpha returns. Dividend factors also have a significant impact on the basis discount. For example, the discount caused by dividends in CSI 1000 contracts ranges from 35 to 55 points [3]. - **Q1 Financial Reports**: After excluding finance, the year - on - year revenue growth rate of A - shares in Q1 was - 0.33%, and the net profit year - on - year was 3.4%. ROE was 6.34%, in the bottoming stage of a downward cycle. The performance of Q1 financial reports was mixed, indicating that the profitability of listed companies is still bottoming out, but there are signs of recovery [3]. 3.2 Market Conditions in May - **Index Performance**: The large - cap indices outperformed small - cap indices for three consecutive months. At the end of May, the yield of the 10 - year active Treasury bond was 1.72%, the dynamic P/E ratio of Wind All - A was 18.93 times, and the equity risk premium declined slightly. The valuations of CSI 1000 and SSE 300 increased slightly compared to the previous month [15][17]. - **Volatility and Margin Funds**: The implied volatility of index options continued to decline, with 1000IV at 21.64% and 300IV at 15.96%. The margin balance remained unchanged for three consecutive weeks, with relatively little marginal capital. At the end of May, it was 1.792 trillion yuan [24]. - **Sector Performance**: In May, the banking, non - banking finance, and pharmaceutical biology sectors drove the index, while TMT and power equipment sectors performed weakly [25]. 3.3 Index and Option Indicators - **Index Performance and Basis Discount**: CSI 1000 rose 1.28% monthly, CSI 500 rose 0.7%, SSE 300 rose 1.85%, and SSE 50 rose 1.73%. The basis discount annualization of each index showed a divergent upward trend [35][41][46]. - **Option Indicators**: For CSI 1000, SSE 300, and SSE 50 options, historical volatility, volatility cones, position PCR, and trading PCR data are provided, but no specific analysis conclusions are given [48][57][65]. 3.4 Trading Slippage - Trading slippage data for IM, IC, IF, and IH are provided, including long - and short - position slippage, but no specific analysis conclusions are given [73][76][78]

Market Overview - On May 21, domestic stock indices maintained a slight upward trend while the bond market experienced short-term gains followed by longer-term declines. The Shanghai Composite Index, CSI 300, and CSI Dividend rose by 0.21%, 0.47%, and 0.76% respectively, while the STAR 50 index fell by 0.22% [2] - The bond market saw yields on 10-year and 30-year government bonds rise by 0.8 basis points and 1.3 basis points to 1.67% and 1.92% respectively [2] International Developments - Moody's downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating has led to increased selling pressure on US assets, causing a "sell America" trade to gain traction. The anticipated passage of Trump's tax cut plan is expected to further increase the deficit and push US bond prices down [3] - In Japan, investors are challenging the central bank's bond-buying program, leading to a significant rise in long-term Japanese bond yields. In the UK, April inflation data exceeded expectations, prompting traders to bet on a slower pace of interest rate cuts by the Bank of England [3] Liquidity and Monetary Policy - The liquidity situation is gradually improving, with the central bank conducting a reverse repurchase operation of 157 billion yuan, resulting in a net injection of 65 billion yuan. Since May 15, the central bank has injected a total of 363.5 billion yuan into the market [4] - Overnight rates have decreased, with R001 and R007 falling to 1.54% and 1.59% respectively, indicating a return to a relatively reasonable range compared to the 1.40% policy rate [4] Bond Market Insights - The bond market faces challenges due to a prolonged information vacuum. Following the recent deposit rate cuts by major banks, it may be difficult to find new bullish catalysts until July or August. The market consensus is shifting towards discovering yield spreads or coupon rates [5] - As of May 21, 3-year AA-rated municipal bonds still offer attractive value, while strategies for longer durations may consider 5-year AA-rated municipal bonds [5] Equity Market Trends - The market style has shifted towards large-cap stocks, with the CSI 300 and SSE 50 rising by 0.47% and 0.43% respectively, while the CSI 2000 and Wind Micro-cap indices fell by 0.80% and 0.94% [6] - The dividend sector outperformed, with the CSI Dividend index rising by 0.76%. This may be attributed to market rotation towards consumer sectors and favorable industry data, such as a 4.7% year-on-year increase in electricity consumption in April [7] Hong Kong Market Performance - The Hang Seng Index and Hang Seng Technology Index rose by 0.62% and 0.51% respectively, with the biopharmaceutical sector leading the gains. The AH share premium index has decreased, indicating a decline in the relative attractiveness of Hong Kong stocks compared to A-shares [8] Conclusion - Overall, the market is experiencing a temporary rotation towards large-cap stocks, with small-cap stocks facing pressure. The CSI 2000 index has stabilized after a significant pullback, suggesting that the trend of capital concentration has not yet shown signs of significant breakdown [9]

Quantitative Models and Construction Methods 1. Model Name: Market Sentiment Timing Model - **Model Construction Idea**: This model is designed to quantify market sentiment using a structured approach, incorporating multiple sub-indicators to assess the overall sentiment direction [7][8] - **Model Construction Process**: 1. Sub-indicators used include: industry trading volatility, industry trading congestion, price-volume consistency, Sci-Tech 50 trading proportion, industry trend, RSI, main buying force, PCR combined with VIX, and financing balance proportion [8] 2. Each sub-indicator is scored based on its sentiment direction and position within Bollinger Bands, with scores categorized as (-1, 0, 1) [8] 3. The final sentiment structure indicator is calculated as the 20-day moving average of the summed scores, oscillating around the zero axis within the range of [-6, 6] [8] - Formula: $ \text{Sentiment Indicator} = \text{20-day MA of (Sum of Sub-indicator Scores)} $ - **Model Evaluation**: The model effectively captures market sentiment fluctuations, with significant sentiment recovery observed since April 2024 [8][9] 2. Model Name: Moving Average Sequence Scoring (MASS) Model - **Model Construction Idea**: This model evaluates the long-term and short-term trends of indices by analyzing the relative positions of moving averages over different time horizons [20] - **Model Construction Process**: 1. For a given period \( N \) (e.g., \( N=360 \) for long-term, \( N=60 \) for short-term), calculate scores for \( N \) moving averages [20] 2. If a shorter moving average \( k \) is above the longer moving average \( k+1 \), assign a score of 1; otherwise, assign 0 [20] 3. Normalize the scores to a range of 0-100 and compute the average score for the index at a specific time point [20] 4. Calculate the 100-day and 20-day moving averages of the trend scores to generate buy/sell signals [20] - Formula: $ \text{Trend Score} = \frac{\text{Sum of Scores}}{N} \times 100 $ - **Model Evaluation**: The model provides clear signals for trend reversals, with recent results indicating a shift towards growth-oriented sectors [20][21] 3. Model Name: RSI Style Timing Model - **Model Construction Idea**: This model uses the Relative Strength Index (RSI) to evaluate the relative strength of different market styles (e.g., growth vs. value, small-cap vs. large-cap) [24] - **Model Construction Process**: 1. Calculate the net value ratio of two style indices (e.g., growth/value) over a fixed period [24] 2. Compute the RSI using the formula: $ \text{RSI} = 100 - \frac{100}{1 + \frac{\text{Average Gain}}{\text{Average Loss}}} $ - Where "Gain" represents average positive changes, and "Loss" represents average negative changes over \( N \) days [24] 3. Compare the 20-day RSI with the 60-day RSI to determine the dominant style [24] - **Model Evaluation**: The model indicates a clear shift from large-cap value to small-cap growth styles, with strong confirmation from recent RSI trends [24][27] --- Model Backtesting Results 1. Market Sentiment Timing Model - Sentiment Indicator Value: 1.5 as of May 9, 2025, indicating a positive sentiment recovery [9] 2. Moving Average Sequence Scoring (MASS) Model - Short-term signals: Positive for indices such as CSI 300, CSI A500, and ChiNext, with short-term scores ranging from 33.90 to 40.68 [36] - Long-term signals: Positive for most indices, with long-term scores exceeding 66.57 for indices like ChiNext [36] 3. RSI Style Timing Model - Growth/Value RSI: Growth-dominant with RSI values of 57.91 (short-term) and 55.24 (long-term) for the CSI Growth/Value index [27] - Small/Large Cap RSI: Small-cap dominant with RSI values of 59.84 (short-term) and 60.16 (long-term) for the Small/Large Cap index [27] --- Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods 1. Factor Name: Price-Volume Consistency - **Factor Construction Idea**: Measures the stability of market sentiment based on the alignment of price and volume movements [8] - **Factor Construction Process**: 1. Calculate the correlation between price changes and trading volume over a fixed period [8] 2. Assign scores based on the strength of the correlation, with higher scores indicating stronger consistency [8] - **Factor Evaluation**: The factor showed significant improvement in recent weeks, contributing to the overall sentiment recovery [11][16] 2. Factor Name: RSI - **Factor Construction Idea**: Reflects the relative strength of buying vs. selling pressure over a specific period [24] - **Factor Construction Process**: 1. Compute average gains and losses over \( N \) days [24] 2. Use the RSI formula to calculate the index value [24] - **Factor Evaluation**: RSI values above 50 indicate strong buying pressure, with recent results favoring growth and small-cap styles [24][27] --- Factor Backtesting Results 1. Price-Volume Consistency - Recent Score: Increased to 1 as of May 9, 2025, indicating improved alignment between price and volume [12] 2. RSI - Growth/Value RSI: Growth-dominant with short-term RSI of 57.91 [27] - Small/Large Cap RSI: Small-cap dominant with short-term RSI of 59.84 [27]

Group 1 - The three major indices opened lower but closed higher, with the Shanghai Composite Index rising by 0.45% and the CSI A500 Index increasing by 0.56% [1] - The semiconductor sector experienced a significant surge, along with strong performances in the automotive, precious metals, and non-metal materials sectors [1] - The A500 ETF (512050) rose by 0.67% with a daily trading volume exceeding 2.8 billion yuan, ranking first among its peers [1] Group 2 - The market saw substantial capital inflow, with the Shanghai Composite Index achieving four consecutive days of gains, and the A500 ETF accumulating nearly 6.1% over the past four trading days [1] - In the week from April 7 to April 11, the total net inflow into stock ETFs across the market was approximately 170 billion yuan [1] - According to a report from CITIC Securities, April's domestic policy response is expected to focus on prevention and pilot programs, with a larger policy expansion anticipated mid-year [1]

Key Points - The article highlights two critical time points in 2025: the trading opportunities arising from external risk resolution in early April and the allocation opportunities following the synchronization of the economic and policy cycles between China and the U.S. in mid-year [2][3] - The technology sector is expected to be a strong focus for investment in April and May, following significant adjustments in March and potential catalysts [3] - The article emphasizes the importance of focusing on core assets in A-shares and Hong Kong stocks, as the market is anticipated to undergo a significant style shift due to the recovery of traditional core assets [3] - The deep-sea technology sector is recognized as a strategic emerging industry, with government support expected to accelerate its development, similar to the low-altitude economy and commercial aerospace sectors [6][9] - Investment opportunities in the deep-sea technology industry are identified across the entire supply chain, including upstream core components, midstream equipment, and downstream operations and services [6] - The article suggests that the deep-sea technology sector could open up a new trillion-level market, driven by both market and policy catalysts [6][9] - The focus on stable earnings and low-valuation themes is recommended, particularly in low-tier consumption, AI+ themes, and commercial aerospace [3][9] - The potential risks include intensified U.S.-China friction, geopolitical conflicts, and domestic policy implementation falling short of expectations [4][10]

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market is experiencing fluctuations, with the Hong Kong stock market facing significant declines, particularly in the technology sector, leading to a potential style switch in investment focus [1][3][8]. Market Performance - The A-share market saw a trading volume of less than 1.3 trillion, with sectors like coal, electricity, and banking showing strength, while semiconductor, communication, and automotive sectors faced collective adjustments [2][8]. - The Hong Kong stock market, particularly the Hang Seng Technology Index, dropped over 3%, with Xiaomi's stock falling more than 6%, indicating a significant impact on market sentiment [3][6]. Fund Flows - Despite the market's downturn, over 11 billion was invested in stock ETFs over two trading days, indicating that funds are taking advantage of the market correction [12][14]. - The inflow of funds was particularly notable in ETFs tracking the Sci-Tech 50, A500 index, and sectors like healthcare and artificial intelligence [14][15]. Sector Analysis - The technology sector's decline is attributed to external factors, including volatility in overseas markets, particularly among U.S. tech giants, which has led to a contraction in risk appetite [8][18]. - Analysts suggest that as the market approaches the earnings reporting season, there will be a greater focus on performance verification, leading to a potential shift towards sectors with stronger earnings certainty, such as consumer goods and pharmaceuticals [8][17]. Investment Strategy - The current market environment suggests a rotation towards sectors that are undervalued and have potential policy catalysts, with a focus on banking, insurance, and consumer sectors like healthcare and home appliances [20][21]. - Historical data indicates that the consumer sector tends to perform well in the second quarter, with specific industries like food and beverage, home appliances, and automotive showing strong average gains [17][18].

Macro Environment - The macroeconomic environment significantly influences the growth theme market, with a stable macroeconomic environment since the beginning of 2025 providing a conducive space for theme market development [2][3] - In early 2023, the adjustment of pandemic policies led to a rapid release of pent-up demand, creating a "strong expectation, weak reality" macro environment that improved market risk appetite and supported the ChatGPT theme market [2] - By early 2024, economic recovery momentum weakened, leading to a constrained space for the SORA theme market due to pressures from slowing consumption recovery and real estate investment [2] - The current macro environment characterized by "steady recovery + policy support" has led to a neutral overall expectation for economic growth, which is favorable for the further development of the current technology theme market [2][3] Style Switching - Sustainable fundamental expectations are necessary for the further expansion of the market, as seen in the divergence between the ChatGPT theme and growth/profitability styles in 2023 [3][4] - The SORA market in 2024 differed from the previous round as market expectations for net profit growth in the AI sector significantly increased, leading to a simultaneous strengthening of growth styles [3][4] - The strong performance of defensive styles such as dividends and low valuations from 2022 to mid-2024 impacted the theme market, with the ChatGPT theme failing to boost growth styles [4] - The current growth style has shown strength after a pullback in January, with a high degree of industry diffusion, suggesting a potential extension of the current market duration while monitoring the rebound of defensive styles [4]