全球市场正屏息以待8月1日的贸易谈判最终期限，但一份来自摩根大通最新报告警告称，一个更早、也更具决定性的事件——7月31日的法庭对决，已被 市场严重低估。 据追风交易台消息，这份7月20日发布的报告显示，市场关注的焦点或许忽略了一个更具颠覆性的事件。一份美国联邦巡回上诉法院的裁决即将于7月31日 出炉，该裁决将审理美国政府是否有权依据《国际紧急经济权力法》（IEEPA）征收关税。 据央视新闻此前报道，当地时间5月28日，美国国际贸易法院阻止了美国总统特朗普4月2日宣布的关税政策生效，并裁定特朗普越权，对向美国出口多于 进口的国家征收全面关税。而后，美国联邦巡回上诉法院批准特朗普政府的请求，暂时搁置美国国际贸易法院提出的越权"禁令"。 这一法律事件当时只是搁置了但并未结束，美国联邦巡回上诉法院定于7月31日开庭审理上诉。而7月31日这一司法裁决的结果，将直接影响到美国基于 IEEPA征收的"对等关税"和"芬太尼相关关税"的合法性。 摩根大通认为，关税是本届美国政府经济议程的核心，因此即使在法庭上受挫，政府也不会缩减关税政策，而是会转向其他法律工具，即"B计划"。 这场法律对决可能从根本上改变当前的贸易对峙局面， ...

Economic Overview - In Q2, the actual GDP growth was 5.2% year-on-year, while nominal GDP growth fell to 3.9%, marking a decline of 0.2 and 0.7 percentage points from Q1 respectively[4] - The nominal GDP growth rate has dropped below 4%, the lowest in nearly three years, primarily due to strong supply and weak demand characteristics[23] Supply and Demand Balance - Q3 is expected to see a balance between supply and demand, driven by the implementation of "anti-involution" policies and improved confidence in the real sector[2] - The recovery in consumption is gradually being confirmed, with "anti-involution" policies likely being a key factor influencing Q3 economic performance[4] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment in Q2 grew by only 1.8% year-on-year, a significant drop of 2.4 percentage points from Q1, with infrastructure and manufacturing investments experiencing widespread contraction[11] - In June, fixed asset investment saw a month-on-month decline of 0.1%, marking a historical low[11] Consumer Behavior - The nominal growth rate of social retail sales in Q2 was 4.5%, slightly down by 0.1 percentage points from Q1, indicating a moderate increase in consumer spending[19] - In June, social retail sales growth fell to 4.8%, a significant drop of 1.6 percentage points from the previous month, with most categories experiencing a broad decline[20] Inflation and Market Dynamics - The report suggests that moderate inflation positively impacts corporate operations and household balance sheets, with expectations of a gradual recovery in nominal GDP growth[2] - The bond market is currently benefiting from a low inflation environment and ample liquidity, although the upward potential for bond prices is limited in the short term[27] Geopolitical and Policy Risks - Risks include geopolitical tensions and the potential for policy changes that exceed expectations, which could impact economic stability[3]

当地时间7月20日，美国总统特朗普兴致勃勃地发布贴文，庆祝自己就任美国总统满半年。 "哇，时间飞逝！今天是我第二个任期的半周年纪念日。"特朗普写道，"重要的是，这段时间被认为是 历任总统任期内最具影响力的时期之一。换句话说，我们做了很多好事和大事，结束了多场与我们无关 的国家的战争……" 美联社进一步指出，特朗普的关税政策推高了从食品杂货、服装到家具和家电等各类商品的价格，6月 通胀率升至2月以来的最高水平。 特朗普总结道："六个月的时间，对于一个大国的全面复兴来说，并不算长。一年前，我们的国家如同 死亡般，几乎没有复兴的希望。今天，美国是世界上最 '炙手可热'、最受尊敬的国家，半周年快 乐！！！" 与此同时，白宫网站也发布了长文，细数特朗普的"半年成绩单"，包括签署170多项行政命令、通过"大 而美"法案，加大移民驱逐力度、宣布能源紧急状态等。 回看过去六个月，特朗普显然很高兴。然而，许多美国公众对此另有看法。 支持率90%多，还是不到50%？ 按照特朗普的说法，"在各项民调中，我的支持率达到了90%、92%、93%和 95%，均创下共和党内的 最高纪录。" 美国Axios新闻网却对此提出了质疑，称特朗普援 ...

《野兽日报》还提到，卢特尼克一直积极捍卫特朗普关税政策，但偶尔也会因其前后不一、夸夸其谈的言论而遭到抨 击。 【环球网报道】据美国《野兽日报》《纽约客》杂志21日报道，美商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克在接受采访时爆料说，美 国总统特朗普几乎每晚都会在凌晨1点左右打电话给他，有时只是为了闲聊、谈论体育，也会寻求卢特尼克对他在媒体 面前表现的反馈。 卢特尼克在采访中透露，他几乎每晚睡觉前都会和特朗普通话，有时是讨论诸如关税之类的"正事"，但也会谈"无关紧 要的事情"，比如"体育赛事、人物八卦、你和谁吃的晚饭、这个人为人如何、那家伙做的事简直难以置信、电视节目怎 么样、我在电视上看到什么、你觉得某人在电视上说的怎么样、你觉得我的新闻发布会表现、这条帖文如何"。 "特朗普还会在深夜给其他人打电话。"卢特尼克补充说。 《野兽日报》称，尽管外界对卢特尼克迄今为止的履职表现褒贬不一，但他认为自己是特朗普的"首席交易员"。"在这 些人里，除了唐纳德·特朗普，没有人像我这样有商业经验。"他在采访中表示，"我太了解他了，以至于我知道冰球会 滑向何处（指能够预测事情走向——编者注）。" 不过，卢特尼克也曾遭受特朗普的怒火，其中一次涉及美 ...

Core Viewpoint - The unexpected shift in Trump's stance regarding high tariffs on China, acknowledging them as excessive and proposing significant reductions contingent on China's agreement to U.S. conditions, marks a pivotal moment in U.S.-China trade relations [1][5][9]. Economic Context - The U.S. federal debt is projected to exceed $36 trillion by 2025, with public debt accounting for approximately $29 trillion. The government faces an interest repayment of $1 trillion this year against an expected revenue of $5 trillion, leading to a tense fiscal situation [3]. - The U.S. trade deficit is expected to surpass $1.2 trillion by 2024, exacerbated by high tariffs that have increased import costs for consumers and businesses, resulting in a 1.4% reduction in market income [11][18]. Trade Relations and Tariff Adjustments - The tariff conflict escalated from an initial 10% tariff on China to as high as 145%, with retaliatory measures from both sides. A temporary agreement was reached in May, reducing U.S. tariffs to 30% and Chinese tariffs to 10% [7][13]. - Despite the agreement, Trump retains a portion of the original high tariffs and emphasizes the need for China to increase purchases of U.S. goods and address trade imbalances [11][18]. International Relations and Strategic Moves - Japan's refusal to halt the sale of U.S. Treasury bonds adds pressure on the U.S. financial situation, prompting Trump to seek a resolution with China [5][12]. - The U.S. military exercises in the Taiwan Strait, involving allies like Japan and Australia, are seen as a strategy to maintain pressure on China while negotiating trade terms [9][14]. Future Outlook - The ongoing U.S.-China trade negotiations are complicated by the U.S.'s significant debt burden and the need for economic stability. China's economic resilience and commitment to mutual benefit in trade negotiations position it favorably in the ongoing discussions [20].

7月16日，美国总统特朗普在签署《全面遏制芬太尼贩运法案》前的几小时，突然话锋一转："我认为中国一直在帮助我们。"他特意强调中国在芬太尼问题 上"正在迈开大步"，甚至暗示中国"想做点什么"的态度值得肯定。戏剧性的是，当同日晚些时候特朗普真正落笔签署法案后，他的调门又陡然逆转。他再次 拾起那些被事实反复驳斥的说辞，声称"中国提供了大部分芬太尼"，甚至危言耸听地表示"有些人会说中国提供了所有芬太尼"。 这种自相矛盾的表演背后，关税——这个中方最关切的实质议题——他却绝口不提。特朗普对芬太尼问题的态度摇摆，始终与关税政策紧密相连。今年2 月，他就以中国"未能阻止芬太尼流入"为由，宣布对所有中国输美商品加征10%关税。这些指控出台时，美国海关边境保护局的记录却显示：自2019年5月 中国实施全球最严格的整类列管政策以来，美方再未查获过来自中国的芬太尼类物质。中方的反应迅速而有力。 在特朗普3月3日又迅速将税率提高至20%的第二天，中国就对美国农产品加征报复性关税，并精准"剑指"数十家美国企业。贸易关税争端迅速不断加码升 级，直到5月日内瓦会谈才达成临时休战——双方同意将双边关税下调115%，各自保留10%的"底线"。 ...

美国商务部长卢特尼克大力推动特朗普政府的关税政策，但他的儿子却推出产品，允许投资者押注关税 将被法院永久驳回。 据媒体报道，卢特尼克之子旗下的金融服务公司Cantor Fitzgerald近期提出，以20%至30%的折扣价格 收购企业已缴关税的潜在退款权，押注特朗普关税可能在法律挑战中落败。 面临不确定的时间表和日益增长的财务压力，一些企业也认为，接受这一报价更为明智。 如果特朗普关税被法院永久性阻止，自4月2日开始缴纳关税的企业可获得连本带息的退款。 据美国海关和边境保护局数据，特朗普新关税政策已征收数十亿美元，专家估算，若上诉维持原判，退 款总额可能达140亿美元。 据Cantor代表透露，这一交易已有企业参与，达成约1000万美元的权益交易。 关税退款交易机制 Cantor Fitzgerald由卢特尼克的儿子Kyle和Brandon领导，公司代表表示愿意以企业已缴关税20%-30%的 价格收购关税退款权。 "对于缴纳1000万美元关税的公司，他们可以期望在交易中获得200万至300万美元。我们目 前有能力处理数亿美元规模的此类交易，未来可能会扩大规模以满足潜在需求。" 专家表示，这类交易通常被寻求从潜 ...

Group 1: Silver Market Performance - The main silver futures contract in Shanghai closed at 9249 yuan per kilogram, up 1.00%, with an intraday high of 9437 yuan and a low of 9301 yuan [1] - COMEX silver closed at 39.24 USD per ounce, up 2.12%, with an intraday high of 39.38 USD and a low of 38.37 USD [1] Group 2: COMEX Silver Inventory Data - As of July 21, 2025, COMEX silver inventory was 15478.52 tons, equivalent to approximately 497,645,563 ounces [2] - The inventory increased from 15466.03 tons on July 18, 2025, indicating a rise in silver stock levels [2] Group 3: Trade Relations and Tariffs - Indonesia is negotiating details of a new trade agreement with the U.S., with recent tariff rates on Indonesian exports reduced from 32% to 19% [2] - Indonesia is seeking exemptions for its exports of palm oil and nickel, along with other commodities like cocoa and rubber [2] - The U.S. is considering imposing tariffs of at least 15% to 20% on any agreements reached with the EU, while maintaining a 25% tariff on Japanese automobiles [3]

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content provided. Core Views - The overall market shows a complex and diverse trend, with different commodities and financial products affected by various factors such as policies, supply - demand relationships, and weather conditions. Different investment strategies are recommended for different products based on their specific fundamentals and market conditions [1][2][3] Commodity Summaries Energy - **Crude Oil**: EU's 18th round of sanctions on Russia tightens price limits, but impact on supply is uncertain. In July, trade - war risks are greater than geopolitical benefits, and oil prices may turn to a volatile and pressured trend [1] - **Fuel Oil & Low - sulfur Fuel Oil**: The high - low sulfur spread continues to decline. The 18th round of EU sanctions on Russia boosts FU, while LU follows crude oil, but its increase has been less than SC since mid - July [21] - **Liquefied Petroleum Gas**: Overseas markets are weak, but domestic PDH demand is strong. With weak supply and demand, domestic gas may stabilize, and the market is expected to be in low - level oscillation [23] - **Urea**: Affected by policy news, the market is bullish. Production enterprises are de - stocking, and supply is sufficient. With expected growth in industrial demand and export progress, the short - term trend is expected to be oscillating and bullish [24] - **Methanol**: Boosted by policy, it is bullish at night. Import arrivals increase, and ports are rapidly stocking. Some enterprises may postpone maintenance, and attention should be paid to macro - level impacts [25] Metals - **Precious Metals**: The macro - sentiment is positive, but the upward drive for gold is limited. With high uncertainty before the US tariff policy deadline and a weakening dollar outlook, precious metals are in wide - range oscillation, and the gold - silver ratio has room to decline [2] - **Base Metals** - **Copper**: Overnight, copper prices continued to rise. Social inventories decreased rapidly over the weekend. Resistance at the upper integer level is strong, and the 2508 option portfolio should be held until expiration this week [3] - **Aluminum**: Overnight, Shanghai aluminum followed non - ferrous metals in a strong and oscillating trend. Aluminum ingot inventories increased, and aluminum rod inventories decreased. It is expected to oscillate at a high level in the short term, with resistance around 21,000 yuan [4] - **Alumina**: Overnight, it remained strong. With low warehouse receipts and high industry operating rates, after a sharp increase driven by policy expectations, there is a risk of correction [5] - **Zinc**: Driven by the "anti - involution" policy, zinc prices broke through the bottom consolidation. However, with increasing supply pressure, attention should be paid to downstream acceptance and the entry of hedging positions [7] - **Lead**: Primary lead smelters are reducing production, and the cost support is strong. In the context of weak supply and demand, it is expected to oscillate between 16,800 - 17,500 yuan/ton [8] - **Nickel**: Shanghai nickel rebounded significantly. With weakening upstream price support and high overall inventory, it is in the middle - late stage of the rebound, and short - selling opportunities should be awaited [9] - **Tin**: Overnight, tin prices oscillated at a high level. With a decrease in imports from Congo and an increase from Myanmar, it is recommended to hold or increase short positions in far - month contracts [10] - **Carbonate Lithium**: The futures price oscillated and rose. With increasing total inventory and a rebound in Australian ore prices, the upward space is limited, and short - sellers should manage their positions [11] - **Industrial Silicon**: Affected by an accident in the organic silicon supply, prices rose significantly. With increasing demand and limited supply, it is expected to oscillate and strengthen [12] - **Polysilicon**: The futures price strengthened. With cost transfer and limited terminal demand acceptance, short - term observation is recommended [13] Ferrous Metals - **Steel Products** - **Rebar & Hot - rolled Coil**: Night - trading steel prices oscillated narrowly. Rebar demand declined, and hot - rolled coil demand was resilient. With low inventory and positive market sentiment, the market is expected to remain strong [14] - **Iron Ore**: The overnight futures price oscillated. With increasing global shipments and high iron - making production, it is expected to be strong in the short term [15] - **Coke & Coking Coal**: Prices continued to rise. With sufficient carbon supply and high iron - making production, they are expected to follow steel prices and remain strong in the short term [16][17] - **Manganese Silicon & Ferrosilicon**: Manganese silicon prices adjusted slightly after a high opening. With decreasing inventory and increasing demand expectations, it follows rebar prices. Ferrosilicon prices opened high, with overall good demand and a slight increase in supply, also following rebar prices [18][19] Chemicals - **Pure Benzene**: Night - trading prices oscillated. With a slight increase in domestic production and a decrease in port inventory, it is recommended to operate in monthly spreads, with a positive spread strategy in the short - to - medium term and a negative spread in the fourth quarter [26] - **Styrene**: Driven by macro - news, the trading sentiment improved. With expected increases in both supply and demand and continued inventory accumulation, the supply - demand contradiction is difficult to resolve in the short term [27] - **Polypropylene & Plastic**: Driven by the macro - environment, the market sentiment improved slightly, but the fundamentals are weak. In the consumption off - season, downstream procurement is cautious, and there is pressure to destock [27] - **PVC & Caustic Soda**: Affected by the policy of eliminating backward production capacity, PVC showed a strong trend. Caustic soda was also strong under macro - influence. Attention should be paid to the implementation of capacity - elimination policies [28] - **PX & PTA**: Night - trading prices oscillated. PTA continued to accumulate inventory, and demand dragged down PX. The processing margin of PTA has room for repair [29] - **Ethylene Glycol**: With limited policy impact and weak downstream demand, it is recommended to maintain a long - position strategy in the short term, paying attention to the previous high - point pressure [30] - **Short - fiber & Bottle - grade Chip**: They followed PTA and closed with a doji. Short - fiber is expected to be long - positioned in the medium term, while bottle - grade chip has limited profit - repair drivers due to over - capacity [31] Agricultural Products - **Grains and Oilseeds** - **Soybeans & Soybean Meal**: US soybean优良率decreased slightly, and with uncertainties in trade and weather, soybean meal is expected to oscillate before the situation becomes clear [35] - **Soybean Oil & Palm Oil**: Affected by weather, policy, and supply - demand factors, a long - position strategy at low prices is recommended, with short - term attention to weather and policy guidance [36] - **Rapeseed Meal & Rapeseed Oil**: With potential changes in import trade and seasonal demand, rapeseed meal and rapeseed oil are expected to oscillate in the short term [37] - **Corn**: US corn auction results were poor, and Dalian corn is expected to oscillate at the bottom [39] - **Livestock and Poultry** - **Hogs**: Affected by policies, the futures price rose significantly. However, with sufficient future supply, industrial players can participate in short - hedging at high prices [40] - **Eggs**: Small - egg prices decreased, while large - egg prices increased. The spot price is in a seasonal rebound, and the futures market shows a near - strong and far - weak pattern [41] - **Others** - **Cotton**: US cotton prices fell, and Chinese cotton prices corrected. With tight supply and potential short - squeeze, it is recommended to wait and see [42] - **Sugar**: US sugar prices oscillated, and domestic sugar sales are fast with low inventory. Considering weather and production uncertainties, sugar prices are expected to oscillate [43] - **Apples**: Futures prices oscillated. New - season early - maturing apples are on the market, and attention should be paid to price changes and new - season yield estimates [44] - **Wood**: Futures prices rebounded. With low - level spot prices, low port arrivals, and inventory, but weak domestic demand, it is recommended to wait and see [45] - **Pulp**: Prices continued to rise. With high port inventory and weak demand, it is recommended to wait and see or buy lightly at low prices [46] Financial Products Summaries Stock Index - The stock market opened higher and continued to rise. The futures index contracts all closed up, with IC leading the gain. The market risk preference is expected to be oscillating and strong in the short term, and technology - growth stocks are recommended for additional allocation [47] Treasury Bonds - Treasury bond futures closed with oscillation. The central bank's policy may inject implicit liquidity, and the yield curve is expected to steepen [48]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Views of the Report - Commodities mostly rose, and attention should be paid to the determination of policies. The yields of U.S. Treasury bonds declined, and the listing benchmark price of propylene futures was set at 6,350 yuan/ton. Coal futures showed significant gains [1]. - In the medium to long term, A - shares have high investment value. CSI 500 and CSI 1000 may bring higher returns due to policy support, while SSE 50 and SSE 300 have defensive value [2][12]. - The price of coking coal may continue to rise in the short term but is likely to peak after late August [3][25]. - Gold and silver are likely to continue their strong performance, but the risk of Trump's threat materializing needs to be watched [4][18]. Summary by Directory 1. Key News of the Day - **International News**: Fitch downgraded the outlook of 25% of U.S. industries in 2025 to "deteriorating" due to increased uncertainty, slow economic growth, and expected long - term high interest rates [5]. - **Domestic News**: China's July LPR remained unchanged for the second consecutive month, with the 1 - year variety at 3.0% and the over - 5 - year at 3.5%, which was in line with market expectations [6]. - **Industry News**: In June, China's total social electricity consumption was 867 billion kWh, a year - on - year increase of 5.4%. From January to June, the cumulative electricity consumption was 4,841.8 billion kWh, a year - on - year increase of 3.7% [7]. 2. Daily Returns of Overseas Markets - The S&P 500 rose 0.14%, the European STOXX 50 fell 0.33%, and the FTSE China A50 futures rose 0.26%. Gold and silver in London showed significant increases, while some agricultural products such as ICE 11 - sugar and CBOT soybeans declined [8]. 3. Morning Comments on Major Varieties Financial - **Stock Index**: The U.S. three major indexes mostly rose. The previous trading day's stock index also rose, with the building materials sector leading the gain and the banking sector leading the decline. The A - share market has high investment value in the medium to long term [2][12]. - **Treasury Bonds**: The long - end of Treasury bonds fell significantly. The central bank's open - market operations had a net withdrawal of funds. The short - term market risk appetite increased, and the price volatility of Treasury bond futures may increase [13]. Energy and Chemicals - **Crude Oil**: SC crude oil futures fell 1.2% at night. U.S. refined oil demand decreased year - on - year, and the OPEC predicted an improvement in the global economy in the second half of the year [14]. - **Methanol**: Methanol futures rose 0.79% at night. The domestic methanol plant operating rate decreased slightly, and the coastal inventory increased. Methanol is expected to be bullish in the short term [15]. - **Rubber**: Rubber prices rose. The supply side provided support, while the demand side was weak. The price is expected to rise slowly [16][17]. Metals - **Precious Metals**: Gold and silver strengthened again. The market's risk - aversion demand increased, and the weakening of the U.S. dollar and Treasury bond yields provided upward momentum [4][18]. - **Copper**: The copper price closed flat at night. The smelting output was under pressure, and the downstream demand was stable overall. The copper price may fluctuate within a range [19]. - **Zinc**: The zinc price closed lower at night. The concentrate processing fee increased, and the zinc price may fluctuate widely in the short term [20]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: The weekly output of lithium carbonate increased slightly. The demand was in the peak season, but the inventory also increased. The short - term price may be strong, but there is no basis for a medium - term reversal [21]. Black Metals - **Iron Ore**: The demand for iron ore was supported, and the global shipment decreased recently. The short - term macro - expectation was strong, and the iron ore price was expected to be strong [22][23]. - **Steel**: The supply pressure of steel gradually emerged, and the inventory continued to decline. The short - term steel price was expected to be strong [24]. - **Coking Coal and Coke**: The production of blast furnaces and coke improved, and the inventory of coking coal in steel mills and coking plants increased. The price may continue to rise in the short term but is likely to peak after late August [3][25]. Agricultural Products - **Soybean and Rapeseed Meal**: The U.S. and Indonesia reached a trade agreement, and the market's expectation of improved Sino - U.S. trade relations increased. The domestic supply was abundant, and the domestic soybean meal was expected to be strong in the short term [26]. - **Oils and Fats**: The oils and fats futures were weak at night. The MPOB report was neutral to bearish, but the demand for palm oil was strong. The overall oils and fats market was expected to fluctuate [27]. Shipping Index - **Container Shipping to Europe**: The EC contract weakened at the end of the session. The SCFIS European line index declined. The European line was in the seasonal peak season, and the freight rate was expected to rise in August. Attention should be paid to the announcement of shipping company freight rates in August [29].