证券研究报告 银行 信贷需求待提振，政府债再发力 华泰研究 2025 年 5 月 14 日│中国内地 动态点评 信贷同比少增，需求有待提振 4 月贷款新增 2800 亿元(Wind 一致预期 7644 亿元)，同比少增 4500 亿元。 4 月贷款存量同比增速+7.2%，较 3 月末-0.2pct。4 月为贷款传统的淡季， 叠加 Q1 信贷超预期，信贷"靠前发力"对后续投放造成一定透支。居民贷 款减少 5216 亿元，同比多减 50 亿元，其中短贷、中长贷分别同比多减 501 亿元、少减 435 亿元。4 月商品房成交有所走弱，居民消费需求仍待复苏。 企业贷款新增 6100 亿元，同比少增 2500 亿元，其中短贷、中长贷、票据 融资分别同比多减 700 亿元、少增 1600 亿元、少增 40 亿元。Q1 央行货政 例会重提"提高资金使用效率"，票据融资冲量强度弱于去年同期。 直融同比多增，政府债再发力 4 月直接融资 1.25 万亿元，同比多增 1.15 万亿元；政府债券融资 9762 亿 元，同比多增 1.07 万亿元；企业债券融资 2340 亿元，同比多增 633 亿元； 非金融企业境内股票融资 392 ...

Group 1 - The central bank released April financial data showing that new RMB loans in April were 280 billion yuan, a decrease of 450 billion yuan year-on-year, influenced by hidden debt replacement and seasonal overdrafts [1][2] - The social financing scale increased by 1.16 trillion yuan in April, significantly up by 1.22 trillion yuan year-on-year, with the end-of-month social financing stock growing by 8.7% year-on-year [1][3] - M2 money supply grew by 8% year-on-year at the end of April, which is 1 percentage point higher than the previous month, indicating enhanced financial support for the real economy [1][3] Group 2 - The acceleration in government bond issuance is the primary driver for the increase in social financing growth, with net financing from government bonds exceeding 500 billion yuan in the first four months, up by approximately 360 billion yuan year-on-year [3] - In April, the issuance of special government bonds and refinancing bonds for replacing hidden debts contributed to a net financing of about 970 billion yuan, raising social financing growth by approximately 0.3 percentage points [3] - The reduction in bond yields in April encouraged enterprises to increase bond financing, thereby lowering overall financing costs [3] Group 3 - A reserve requirement ratio cut of 0.5 percentage points was implemented, expected to release about 1 trillion yuan in long-term liquidity, enhancing credit supply capabilities in specific sectors like automotive finance and financial leasing [4] - Analysts anticipate that monetary policy will remain "appropriately loose" in the second half of the year, with expectations for continued interest rate cuts and an increase in new loans and social financing [4]

Core Viewpoint - Sichuan Province has successfully issued local government bonds with a total scale of 216.8009 billion yuan, indicating strong demand and favorable interest rates [1] Group 1: Bond Issuance Details - Sichuan issued 7-year general local government bonds with a scale of 213.7309 billion yuan and an issuance interest rate of 1.7000%, achieving a marginal multiple of 8.54 times against a forecast of 1.68 [1] - Additionally, Sichuan issued 5-year ordinary special local government bonds with a scale of 3.0700 billion yuan and an issuance interest rate of 1.5700%, resulting in a marginal multiple of 4.04 times compared to a forecast of 1.60 [1]

中金研究 5月9日，央行发布《2025年第1季度中国货币政策执行报告》[1]（后文简称《报告》），强调当前外部环境更趋复杂严峻，要以高质量发展和政策的确 定性应对外部的不确定性。央行将积极落地5月推出的一揽子金融政策，降准降息落地后，我们预计央行或将择机恢复国债买卖，结构性工具亦有空 间，在落实好适度宽松的货币政策的同时，央行强调平衡好支持实体与银行健康的关系。同时央行指出，我国正加速向以内需为主导的增长模式转 型，提振物价的关键在于加强政策合力、扩大有效需求、关键是提振消费需求，央行将进一步完善金融服务支持扩大消费，同时从资产负债结构和资 产收益能力看，中国政府债务扩张仍有可持续性。 点击小程序查看报告原文 以高质量发展的确定性应对外部环境的不确定性。 央行强调"外部冲击影响加大，世界经济增长动能不足，贸易保护主义抬头，地缘冲突持续存在"，有 效需求增长动力不足、部分企业经营困难、就业增收面临压力，要以"高质量发展的确定性"和"有力有效的政策"以应对"外部环境的不确定性"，并强调实 现今年经济社会发展预期目标有潜力、有支撑。报告 在货币政策定调中新增"灵活把握政策实施的力度和节奏"， 综合运用准备金、再贷款 ...

Group 1 - The central government has emphasized the need for more proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies, with the People's Bank of China (PBOC) announcing a series of measures including interest rate cuts and reserve requirement ratio (RRR) reductions [2][5] - The PBOC's recent report indicates that monetary policy will continue to support the economy, focusing on implementation and effectiveness evaluation [2][5] - The report highlights the need for increased counter-cyclical adjustments due to external uncertainties affecting exports, particularly from U.S. tariff policies [3][4] Group 2 - The government is accelerating the issuance of special bonds and long-term treasury bonds to support fiscal policy, with a planned issuance of 1.3 trillion yuan in special bonds [4] - The PBOC aims to ensure sufficient liquidity in the market to support these fiscal measures, indicating a continued loose monetary environment [6][7] - The report outlines specific policy tools to support sectors such as technology finance, green finance, and small and micro enterprises, with a total of 1.1 trillion yuan in new funding [7] Group 3 - The PBOC is maintaining a focus on the stability of the financial markets, particularly in the context of recent fluctuations in the international financial markets due to U.S. trade policies [4][8] - The report emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach between supporting the real economy and maintaining the health of the banking system, reflecting concerns over banks' net interest margins [5][9] - The PBOC's assessment of government debt sustainability indicates that China's fiscal policy still has room for expansion, supporting the notion of continued monetary easing [10] Group 4 - The report expands its focus to include various economic indicators, such as the evolution of medium-term lending facilities (MLF) and the sustainability of government debt, reflecting a comprehensive approach to monetary policy [9][10] - The PBOC acknowledges the current low inflation environment and the need for policies that stimulate effective demand while managing supply-side constraints [10][11] - The overall strategy involves deepening structural reforms and coordinating various policy measures to achieve a balance between supply and demand, while fostering a conducive environment for reasonable price recovery [11]

华福证券 固 Table_First|Table_Summary 固收定期研究 2025 年 5 月 12 日 收 研 究 【华福固收】短端利率的空间有多大— —兼评一季度货币政策执行报告 投资要点： 风险提示 政府债供给超预期、货币政策超预期、经济表现超预期。 团队成员 Table_First|Table_Author 分析师: 徐亮 执业证书编号：S0210524040003 邮箱：xl30484@hfzq.com.cn 研究助理： 黄紫仪 邮箱：hzy30614@hfzq.com.cn T t 相关报告 诚信专业 发现价值 1 请务必阅读报告末页的重要声明 Table_Firs3 e p y r o p e R _ e l b a T | t s r i F _ e l b a T Table_First|Table_ReportDate Table_First|Table_Contacter Table_First|Table_RelateReport 流 动 性 周 报 5月6日-5月9日短端品种表现亮眼，1Y存单利率更是突破1.75%左右的阻力位，下 行接近10BP。5月12日-5月16日政府债净 ...

Core Points - Shandong issued 10-year general local bonds with a scale of 18.9486 billion yuan and an issuance rate of 1.7800% [1] - The marginal multiple for the general local bonds was 1.18 times, with an expected multiple of 1.76 [1] - Shandong also issued 10-year ordinary special local bonds with a scale of 8.75109 billion yuan and an issuance rate of 1.8200% [1] - The marginal multiple for the ordinary special local bonds was 1.58 times, with an expected multiple of 1.73 [1]

以下文章来源于申万宏源宏观 ，作者赵伟 贾东旭等 申万宏源宏观 . 关注、加星，第一时间接收推送！ 申万宏源证券研究所 | 宏观研究部 文 | 赵伟、贾东旭、侯倩楠 联系人 | 贾东旭 摘要 事件： 5月09日，央行发布2025年一季度货币政策执行报告（以下简称《报告》）。 央行对外部环境关注度显著提高，《报告》指出"当前外部冲击影响加大，世界经济增长动能不足，贸易 保护主义抬头，地缘冲突持续存在"。 2024年四季度报告对应表述是"当前外部环境变化带来的不利影响 加深"。两次相比较，本次更加突出了外部环境的不利影响，显示出央行密切关注美国单边贸易保护主义 对我国经济的扰动。 央行肯定一季度经济表现，并强调要"要坚定发展信心，以高质量发展的确定性应对外部环境变化的不确 定性"。 2024年四季度报告认为"国内需求不足、风险隐患仍然较多等困难挑战也还存在"，而本次报告则 认为"我国经济持续回升向好的基础还需要进一步稳固"。针对下一阶段，央行强调我国具备诸多优势条 件，经济长期向好的基本趋势没有改变。 政策基调：灵活把握政策实施的力度和节奏，降低银行负债成本。 总基调方面，《报告》提出"灵活把握政策实施的力度和节 ...

摘要 事件： 5月09日，央行发布2025年一季度货币政策执行报告（以下简称《报告》）。 经济形势分析：当前外部冲击影响加大，我国经济持续回升向好的基础还需要进一步稳固。 央行对外部环境关注度显著提高，《报告》指出"当前外部冲击影响加大，世界经济增长动能不足，贸易 保护主义抬头，地缘冲突持续存在"。 2024年四季度报告对应表述是"当前外部环境变化带来的不利影响 加深"。两次相比较，本次更加突出了外部环境的不利影响，显示出央行密切关注美国单边贸易保护主义 对我国经济的扰动。 央行肯定一季度经济表现，并强调要"要坚定发展信心，以高质量发展的确定性应对外部环境变化的不确 定性"。 2024年四季度报告认为"国内需求不足、风险隐患仍然较多等困难挑战也还存在"，而本次报告则 认为"我国经济持续回升向好的基础还需要进一步稳固"。针对下一阶段，央行强调我国具备诸多优势条 件，经济长期向好的基本趋势没有改变。 政策基调：灵活把握政策实施的力度和节奏，降低银行负债成本。 总基调方面，《报告》提出"灵活把握政策实施的力度和节奏"，后续货币政策或更重视执行过程中的动 态响应。 《报告》将上季度报告的"择机调整优化"，修改为"灵活 ...

央视网消息：5月9日，中国人民银行发布2025年一季度中国货币政策执行报告。报告显示，一季度货币政策逆周期调节效果明显，人民币 汇率在合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定。 专家表示，从一季度货币政策报告可以看出具体政策操作进一步优化，比如调整中期借贷便利（MLF）中标方式、优化两项资本市场支 持工具，将支农再贷款和支小再贷款合并为支农支小再贷款等。 招联首席研究员董希淼表示，在各项货币政策支持下，货币信贷合理增长，社会综合融资成本稳步下行，信贷结构进一步优化，持续多 年、多次降准降息的累积效应不断显现，社会融资环境总体处于较为宽松状态。 一季度货币政策执行报告解读：加大支持实体经济力度 支持扩大消费 专家表示，一季度货币政策执行报告中，新的政策信号不断释放，包括进一步加大支持实体经济力度、支持扩大消费等。 在进一步加大支持实体经济力度方面，报告释放出积极的信号，货币政策持续保持适度宽松力度。在支持扩大消费方面，报告对此进行了 专题论述，5000亿元服务消费与养老再贷款也于9日正式推出。市场预计，未来服务领域的消费潜力有望进一步激发释放。 我国广义政府总资产相当于GDP的166%，总负债相当于GDP的75%，净资产约占 ...