Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the need for economic rebalancing in China to address the downward pressure on prices and achieve re-inflation, emphasizing the importance of both supply-side and demand-side reforms to stimulate economic growth and improve asset returns [2][5][10]. Economic Rebalancing - The current state of China's economy is characterized by stable quantity but declining prices, necessitating a rebalancing of supply and demand to reverse price declines and achieve re-inflation [5][10]. - The Central Economic Committee's recent meetings indicate a push for orderly exit of outdated production capacity, signaling the potential advancement of supply-side reforms [6][10]. Internal and External Imbalances - China's external imbalance is reflected in a trade surplus, projected to be 5.2% of GDP in 2024, while internal imbalances manifest in mismatches between savings and investment, as well as consumption and production [11][13]. - The consumer rate in China has increased from a low of 34% in 2010 to 39% in 2023, indicating a gradual improvement in domestic consumption [6]. Supply-Side Reform and "Anti-Involution" - The article highlights the concept of "anti-involution," which aims to combat low-quality, price-cutting competition among firms, a significant issue in various industries including steel, cement, and automotive [15][17]. - The government is focusing on creating a unified market and eliminating local protectionism to enhance supply efficiency, which requires coordination with demand-side policies [17]. Industry Performance and Market Outlook - The stock market has shown structural trends, with A-shares reflecting valuation changes rather than earnings growth, as indicated by declining revenue and profit growth rates among listed companies [6][25]. - The article suggests that a recovery in the Producer Price Index (PPI) could signal a turnaround in corporate profitability, supported by new consumption and technological advancements [7][25]. Economic Growth Projections - The article projects that China's GDP growth could reach around 5% during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, contingent on effective macroeconomic policies and a rebound in consumer spending [22][45]. - The anticipated economic growth is expected to be supported by fiscal policies, including potential subsidies for child-rearing to stimulate consumption [43][47]. Inflation and Monetary Policy - The article notes that inflation remains weak, with the PPI experiencing a continuous decline, which may prompt further monetary easing, including potential interest rate cuts [40][48]. - The expected depreciation of the yuan against the dollar may also influence export performance, with a projected 5% growth in exports for the year [45][49].

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market has entered a bullish phase, driven by various positive factors including policy changes and economic stabilization, with significant movements in major indices and stocks [1][4]. Group 1: Market Performance - A-shares experienced a significant rally, with the CSI 300 index rising by 1% and the Shanghai Composite Index increasing by 0.92%, indicating a strong market volume [1]. - The A50 index saw a sharp increase, particularly after 9:50 AM, suggesting a bullish technical indicator [1]. - Major blue-chip stocks showed resilience, with only three out of the top 33 stocks declining [2]. Group 2: Sector Analysis - Bank stocks, including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China, reached historical highs, reflecting strong expectations for stability in their fundamentals [2]. - The brokerage sector also saw significant gains, with multiple stocks hitting their daily limits, indicating robust investor interest [2]. Group 3: External Influences - The A-share market's surge occurred despite a downturn in global stock index futures, highlighting its relative strength [3]. - External factors such as potential tariffs announced by Trump and geopolitical tensions have not adversely affected the A-share market, which has shown increased buying activity in large-cap stocks [3]. Group 4: Economic Outlook - The current bullish trend is attributed to increasing certainty in the market, driven by policies aimed at reducing internal competition and stabilizing the economy [4]. - Analysts suggest that the upcoming significant events and a favorable trade environment between China and the U.S. provide a clear window for bullish market activity [4]. Group 5: Global Market Sentiment - Goldman Sachs has raised its outlook for Asian equities, citing a more favorable macroeconomic environment and increased certainty regarding tariffs [5]. - The MSCI Asia Pacific (excluding Japan) index target was increased by 3%, indicating a projected 9% return in USD terms over the next 12 months [5].

Group 1: Economic Rebalancing - The current state of China's economy is characterized by a need for internal and external rebalancing, with a focus on addressing supply-demand imbalances to alleviate downward price pressures and achieve re-inflation[15] - The trade surplus as a percentage of GDP is projected to be 5.2% in 2024, indicating a persistent external imbalance[19] - The consumer spending rate in China has increased from 34% in 2010 to 39% in 2023, but still lags behind developed economies, necessitating further reforms to boost consumption[15] Group 2: Policy and Market Outlook - The macroeconomic forecast for 2025 predicts a GDP growth rate of 5.1%, consistent with the 2024 growth rate, with nominal GDP expected to grow by 4.2%[3] - A potential interest rate cut is anticipated in the second half of the year, with the possibility of the RMB appreciating to around 7.02 CNY/USD by year-end[4] - The "反内卷" (anti-involution) policy is expected to drive supply-side reforms, aiming to reduce excess capacity and improve market efficiency[2] Group 3: Inflation and Price Trends - CPI is expected to decline by 0.1% in 2025, while PPI is projected to decrease by 2.6%, indicating ongoing deflationary pressures[3] - The GDP deflator is forecasted to drop by 0.8%, reflecting a continued trend of negative growth in nominal terms[3] - The PPI has been in a deflationary state for 32 months, which has negatively impacted corporate profits, with industrial profits down over 1% in the first five months of the year[27]

Group 1 - The U.S. trade deficit unexpectedly widened by 18.7% in May, reaching $71.5 billion, driven by a 4% decline in exports and a slight 0.1% decrease in imports [1][4] - Total imports decreased by 0.1% to $350.5 billion, with consumer goods imports dropping by $4 billion, particularly in textiles, apparel, home goods, and toys [4] - Industrial raw materials imports also weakened, with a notable decline in finished metal materials, while motor vehicle parts and engines saw an increase of $3.4 billion [4] Group 2 - U.S. exports fell by 4% to $279 billion, with a significant 5.9% drop in goods exports, primarily due to a $10 billion decline in industrial raw materials exports [7] - Capital goods exports decreased by $1.9 billion, with reduced demand for semiconductors, aircraft engines, and communication equipment [7] - The only positive aspect was a $1.5 billion increase in pharmaceutical exports, indicating structural challenges in U.S. export competitiveness [7] Group 3 - Economists suggest that the current trade data may signal a shift in economic growth dynamics, as the record trade deficit in Q1 had previously hindered GDP growth by 4.6 percentage points [9] - The ongoing adjustments in import and export structures reflect a silent transformation in the U.S. economy, with import contraction indicating cooling domestic demand and weak exports revealing insufficient global demand [9] - The widening trade deficit may represent a typical sign of economic cycle transition, hinting at potential economic rebalancing opportunities [9]

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry or currency discussed. Core Viewpoints - The report argues that the Renminbi (RMB) is unlikely to follow the path of the Japanese Yen from 1985 to 1995, primarily due to ongoing deflationary pressures and the need for a loose monetary policy [5][6][19]. Summary by Sections Historical Comparison - The report draws parallels between the RMB and the Yen, noting that while the Yen appreciated significantly (211% against the USD from 1985 to 1995), the RMB is not expected to follow this trend due to complex trade relations and domestic economic conditions [5][6][27]. Trade Tensions - It is emphasized that merely allowing the RMB to appreciate will not resolve the intricate issues in US-China trade relations, which include national security concerns and the need for structural changes in both economies [8][9][12]. Economic Challenges - The report highlights that a significant appreciation of the RMB could exacerbate existing deflationary challenges in China, weakening corporate profits and leading to reduced overall demand [20][21][19]. Structural Rebalancing - The report argues that currency appreciation alone will not facilitate the necessary structural rebalancing of the Chinese economy from an investment-driven model to a consumption-driven one [35][39]. Policy Implications - The report suggests that policymakers are likely to prefer managing currency depreciation rather than allowing significant appreciation, especially in light of ongoing economic challenges [19][36].

Global Market Overview - The Hang Seng Index closed at 24,221, down 0.26% for the day but up 42.08% year-to-date [1] - The S&P 500 in the US closed at 6,227, up 0.88% for the day and 30.56% year-to-date [1] - The DAX in Germany closed at 23,790, down 1.01% for the day but up 42.02% year-to-date [1] Sector Performance - In the Hong Kong market, the Hang Seng Financial Index rose 0.06% for the day and is up 48.18% year-to-date, while the Hang Seng Real Estate Index increased by 1.22% but is down 2.68% year-to-date [2] - The Chinese stock market saw gains in energy, real estate, and materials, while information technology, healthcare, and telecommunications lagged [3] Investment Opportunities - Geely Automobile (175 HK) is rated as a "Buy" with a target price of 24.00, representing a potential upside of 47% from its current price of 16.32 [4] - Xpeng Motors (XPEV US) is also rated as a "Buy" with a target price of 28.00, indicating a 52% upside from its current price of 18.37 [4] - Tencent (700 HK) has a target price of 660.00, suggesting a 32% upside from its current price of 501.50 [4] Economic Indicators - The US ADP employment data unexpectedly declined, raising expectations for interest rate cuts, while the two-year Treasury yield fell [3] - The market is closely watching the upcoming non-farm payroll data, which may reflect a dual impact from economic slowdown and reduced labor supply due to immigration policies [3]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a cautious outlook on the industry, with expectations of GDP growth slowing to 4.5% in the third quarter of 2025, following a strong second quarter performance [3][13]. Core Insights - The second quarter showed robust growth, but June data revealed emerging concerns, particularly in retail and export sectors, indicating a potential softening of economic momentum [3][4]. - The real estate market continues to struggle, with declining transaction volumes and increased fiscal pressure on local governments, necessitating potential policy adjustments [5][12]. - Consumer spending is being supported through financial measures, with a focus on enhancing service supply to stimulate demand [10][11]. Summary by Sections Economic Performance - The second quarter GDP growth is projected to reach 5%, but a decline to 4.5% is anticipated in the third quarter due to weakening exports and a sluggish real estate market [3][13]. - Retail sales showed strong performance in early June, driven by promotional activities, but this may not be sustainable as consumer sentiment weakens [4][10]. Export and Trade - Exports to the U.S. saw a rebound in June, likely due to seasonal demand for the holiday shopping season, but overall export performance remains weak [4][18]. - Container throughput at major ports in China has significantly slowed, indicating a broader decline in trade activity [4][14]. Real Estate Market - The real estate sector remains under pressure, with transaction volumes continuing to decline and fiscal revenues falling short of budget targets [5][22]. - Local governments face increasing fiscal challenges, prompting discussions on expanding budgetary flexibility and potential new financing tools [5][12]. Consumer Spending and Policy Measures - The government is implementing measures to support consumer spending, including financial backing for service consumption and infrastructure development [10][11]. - Structural reforms are necessary for a more balanced economic recovery, focusing on social welfare and tax reforms [11][12].

Core Viewpoint - The recent US-China trade negotiations have led to a significant reduction in tariffs, which is expected to positively impact China's economic growth and reduce the need for aggressive policy easing [1][2][4]. Trade Relations - The US has agreed to lower tariffs on Chinese goods, reducing the effective tariff rate from approximately 107% to around 39%, while China will lower its effective tariff rate from 144% to about 30% [1][2]. - The reduction in tariffs exceeds market expectations, indicating a lesser drag on China's economic growth than previously predicted [2]. Economic Forecast Adjustments - China's export growth forecast for 2025 has been revised from -5% to 0%, with net exports now expected to contribute +0.1 percentage points to GDP growth, up from a previous estimate of -0.5 percentage points [4]. - The anticipated policy easing has been adjusted downward, with expectations for further monetary policy easing in the form of rate cuts and reserve requirement ratio reductions [4][5]. GDP Growth Projections - The GDP growth forecast for 2025 and 2026 has been raised from 4.0% and 3.5% to 4.6% and 3.8%, respectively, due to the improved trade outlook [5][6]. Policy Response - The Chinese government is focusing on stabilizing employment, businesses, and market confidence, aiming for a GDP growth target of around 5% [7]. - The approach to fiscal policy has become more conservative, with a focus on targeted measures rather than broad-based fiscal stimulus [8][9]. Manufacturing Sector Focus - Despite calls for a shift towards consumer-driven growth, the Chinese government continues to prioritize the development of the manufacturing sector, viewing it as a key driver of economic growth [10][11]. - China's manufacturing sector remains robust, with significant global market share and competitive advantages in production costs [11]. Economic Rebalancing - The long-term direction for China's economy is to shift towards domestic demand and household consumption, with potential reforms aimed at enhancing consumer spending and social security systems [12][13].

以下文章来源于六里投研 ，作者投资报 六里投研 . 专注基金投资20年，对话过几乎所有顶级投资人。来一起探索投资世界，提升你的商业洞察力。 来源 | 六里投研 编辑 | 杨兰 审核 | 浦电路交易员 今天（6月11日），在一场香港投资峰会上，知名经济学家洪灏就中美关系、贸易战、货币问题以及经济再平衡等 话题分享了他的最新观点。 洪灏赞同中美关系"像一对夫妻在离婚过程中争吵"， 双方在未来将再无瓜葛，但与此同时，他们仍然必须承受后 果，并且要讨论如何分割财产。 而对于贸易战，洪灏提出，中国相比以前，这次准备得更为充分， 同时，考虑到这场贸易战的进程，以及它是如何 开始的，它实际上以某种方式将中国人民团结在了一起。如果你身在中国大陆，你真的能感受到这种气氛，中国人 民以"吃苦"而闻名，在中国文化中，"吃苦"意味着，你可以忍受巨大的艰辛很长一段时间。 洪灏认为，中国经济更多的是投资驱动，而不是消费驱动。要达到经济再平衡，仅靠中国自身的力量是无法成功 的，过去20年都没有取得成功。 因此，我们必须改变思维方式。 经济再平衡应该是一个全球再平衡的过程，中美需共同努力。 投资报（liulishidian）精译了洪灏分享的 ...

Group 1: Economic Growth Forecasts - Deutsche Bank raised its 2025 GDP growth forecast for China by 0.2 percentage points to 4.7%, expecting long-term support for the RMB due to trade competitiveness [1] - Morgan Stanley increased its economic growth forecasts for China for this year and next to 4.5% and 4.2% respectively, citing reduced urgency for new policies due to easing external shocks [1] Group 2: Economic Activity and Consumer Behavior - Deutsche Bank noted that while economic activity in China has slowed due to trade tensions, the extent was less than expected, with strong industrial production and resilient service sector output [1] - Morgan Stanley anticipates a moderate recovery in domestic demand, projecting household consumption growth rates of 4.9% and 4.6% for this year and next, driven by policies like trade-in programs and targeted subsidies [1][2] Group 3: Policy Measures and Financial Support - The Chinese government is expected to continue monetary easing and accelerate fiscal spending, with potential interest rate cuts and reserve requirement ratio reductions to boost credit and domestic demand [2] - Morgan Stanley predicts that the decision-makers will utilize existing policy space and quasi-fiscal tools to stimulate the economy in the second and third quarters of this year [2] Group 4: Stock Market and Investment Sentiment - Morgan Stanley observed a structural improvement in the Chinese stock market since the second half of 2024, particularly for offshore Chinese stocks, with a sustainable improvement in return on equity and valuation mechanisms [2] - The Chinese stock market has outperformed other major markets year-to-date, indicating a shift in investor expectations following a prolonged earnings downgrade cycle [2] Group 5: Currency and Exchange Rate Outlook - The RMB has appreciated by 2% against the USD since the beginning of the year, with Morgan Stanley forecasting continued mild appreciation due to reduced demand for USD assets and a slowdown in the US economy [3] - Factors such as easing trade tensions and stabilization in corporate earnings in China are expected to provide upward momentum for stock valuations and the RMB [3]