Group 1 - The report highlights that both Chinese and US stock markets are experiencing a strong upward trend, driven by optimistic investor expectations regarding future corporate capital returns. A-shares are pricing in a stabilization of ROE at historical lows, while US stocks are anticipating continued growth in ROE from already high levels [3][12][14] - Since Q4 2021, A-shares have faced declining capital returns due to intense competition amid trends of "de-financialization" and "de-real estate," while US stocks have benefited from government debt expansion stimulating demand, resulting in higher ROE [3][14][17] - The report anticipates a shift in trends, with US capital returns potentially facing downward pressure due to tax policies encouraging manufacturing investment and capital repatriation, while A-shares may see a recovery in capital returns driven by anti-involution policies, stronger overseas manufacturing activity, and a halt in debt contraction [3][4][17] Group 2 - Three key catalysts for the stabilization and recovery of A-share capital returns are identified: anti-involution policies, overseas manufacturing activity surpassing service sector growth, and the end of the debt repayment cycle [4][23][31] - The report provides an example from the cement industry, where current operational rates are at their lowest since 2019, and a rebound in price indices is expected by late 2024, indicating a potential recovery in ROE [4][23][25] - The report notes that the demand for domestic capital goods and intermediate products is expected to rise due to stronger overseas manufacturing activity compared to services, with significant rebounds in excavator sales and steel exports observed [4][27][29] Group 3 - The current market pricing indicates that short-term stock prices have outpaced ROE, necessitating a buffer for uncertainty in recovery rhythms. The report emphasizes that the internal industry structure is more critical than the overall market [5][36] - The report discusses the historical context of PB (Price-to-Book) ratios, noting that the current PB levels are not extreme compared to historical standards, but the low absolute level of ROE may affect the pace of PB recovery [5][36][38] - A significant reduction in the proportion of stocks with low PB ratios has been observed, particularly in sectors like TMT (Technology, Media, and Telecommunications), high-end manufacturing, and banking, while traditional industries still show a high percentage of low PB stocks [5][38][40] Group 4 - The report suggests that the dynamics of capital returns are shifting, with domestic capital returns expected to stabilize and rise, while overseas capital returns may decline. This shift positions A-shares as more attractive compared to other markets [6][46] - Recommendations for asset allocation include focusing on upstream resource products benefiting from increased overseas demand and domestic anti-involution policies, as well as emphasizing equity over debt investments [6][46]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the current strong resonance between Chinese and American stock markets reflects optimistic expectations for future corporate capital returns, with A-shares stabilizing from historical lows and U.S. stocks maintaining high ROE levels [1][2] - The three main catalysts for stabilizing and recovering capital returns in A-shares are: (1) anti-involution leading to stabilization in industries previously constrained by excessive capital expansion, (2) overseas manufacturing demand exceeding service sector demand, and (3) the end of debt contraction cycles [2][3] - The current market pricing indicates that short-term stock prices are ahead of ROE, which aligns with historical bottoming characteristics, and while the absolute level of PB is not extreme, the low absolute level of ROE affects the elasticity and pace of PB recovery [3][4] Group 2 - The future state of capital returns is expected to shift, with domestic capital returns stabilizing and overseas capital returns potentially declining due to the combination of anti-involution, cessation of debt contraction, and the development of overseas manufacturing [4][5] - The relative advantage of the "barbell strategy" may diminish as ROE gradually recovers, with traditional industries such as coal, oil, steel, and utilities showing a higher proportion of low PB stocks compared to TMT and high-end manufacturing sectors [3][4] - Recommendations for asset allocation include focusing on upstream resource products and capital goods benefiting from increased overseas demand and domestic anti-involution policies, as well as exploring opportunities in new consumption sectors like hospitality and retail [5]

Group 1 - BeiGene announced its first positive GAAP operating profit in Q1 2025, with a net profit of $1.27 million, and reaffirmed its full-year revenue guidance of $4.9-5.3 billion, primarily driven by the increase in global market share of its flagship product, Zanubrutinib [1] - TCL Technology forecasted a year-on-year increase of 81%-101% in net profit attributable to shareholders for the first half of 2025, estimating it to be between 1.8 billion to 2 billion yuan [1] - The Shanghai Stock Exchange emphasized the need for listed companies to increase dividend payouts and frequency, as well as to enrich the dividend index product system to enhance market investment value [1] Group 2 - Guosen Securities pointed out that traditional dividend indices are facing a shift from "true dividends" to "pseudo dividends," with the banking, coal, and transportation sectors accounting for 56% of the index, leading to a high concentration of cyclical stocks [1] - Current dividend assets hold allocation value in a broadly declining interest rate environment, with a recommendation to focus on stocks with a dividend yield above 3% and low ROE volatility, particularly in sectors like refining trade, home appliances, and infrastructure that have seen declines of over 4% since the beginning of the year [1] - Bank stocks have undergone a systemic revaluation, transitioning from a "high-yield undervalued area" to a "dynamic benchmark ballast," making them a core allocation direction among dividend assets due to their low volatility and dividend yields exceeding 6% [1] - Resource-related dividends (such as coal and oil) and financial stability dividends (such as operators) with expected dividend yields greater than 4% are also worth exploring [1] Group 3 - The National State-Owned Enterprise Dividend ETF tracks the China Securities State-Owned Enterprise Dividend Index (code: 000824), which selects stable dividend-paying state-owned enterprises from the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets [2] - The index focuses on financially sound and high-dividend-capable state-owned enterprises, covering multiple industries but leaning towards traditional economic sectors to reflect the overall market performance of high-dividend state-owned enterprises [2]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" and is maintained [12]. Core Viewpoints - The recent market focus on the upper limit of bank stock valuations is less important than the investment logic, which suggests that 1x PB and a 4% dividend yield do not constitute valuation constraints [2][6]. - The core investment logic for bank stocks is based on policy support for maintaining major risk thresholds, which supports stable earnings and dividends [6][8]. - The report categorizes bank stocks into two types: state-owned banks, which are seen as bond-like assets with stable earnings, and high ROE city commercial banks, which are expected to have significant valuation upside [7][9]. Summary by Sections Valuation Discussion - The report argues that traditional frameworks using PB and dividend yield to discuss valuations are inadequate, as the absolute valuation levels for bank stocks have been very low historically [6]. - The average dividend yield for state-owned banks is approximately 3.94% in A-shares and 5.08% in H-shares, with the ten-year government bond yield at around 1.6% [8]. - If government bond yields decline further, it could lead to an increase in the valuations of state-owned banks and a decrease in dividend yields [8]. Performance of Different Bank Types - State-owned banks are characterized as bond-like assets where the dividend yield and government bond yield spread are key pricing factors [8]. - High ROE city commercial banks, such as Hangzhou Bank and Chengdu Bank, are expected to maintain a ROE of around 15% over the next three years, indicating significant undervaluation at 1x PB [9][10]. - The report highlights that the average ROE for stable industries is about 12.1%, with a PB valuation of around 2x, suggesting that banks with ROE above 10% have substantial room for valuation recovery [9]. Economic Context and Growth Potential - The macroeconomic environment is shifting, with major economic provinces showing credit growth that outpaces national averages, providing growth opportunities for leading city commercial banks [10]. - The report emphasizes that city commercial banks have better asset quality and resilience in earnings due to their client structure, which contributes to their high ROE [10][21].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current market trends, emphasizing the performance of different investment strategies and the importance of selecting fundamentally strong companies for long-term investment success [8][28]. Market Overview - The market experienced slight declines today, with minimal volatility, maintaining a rating of 4.9 stars [1]. - Large-cap stocks like the CSI 300 showed little fluctuation, while small-cap stocks faced more significant declines [2]. - Value style investments overall saw an increase, with dividend and value indices performing strongly [3][4]. Investment Strategy Performance - In the first half of the year, both active selection and index enhancement strategies outperformed the broader market indices, with active selection rising by 5% while the CSI 300 remained flat [8]. - Active selection strategies have shown a historical tendency to outperform the market approximately 60% of the time, indicating a cyclical nature of performance [9]. Stock Selection Criteria - The active selection strategy focuses on choosing stocks with strong profitability, measured by Return on Equity (ROE) [12][15]. - Companies are categorized based on their ROE into three indices: loss-making stocks (negative ROE), marginally profitable stocks (positive but below market average), and quality stocks (positive and above market average) [18]. - Historical data indicates that strong profitability leads to better long-term returns, despite occasional surges in loss-making stocks during specific market conditions [19][25]. Market Dynamics - There have been instances of speculative trading in loss-making stocks, notably in 2014-2015 and projected for late 2024, which can lead to short-term underperformance for quality-focused strategies [19][21]. - Such speculative trends are typically short-lived, reinforcing the notion that long-term stock performance is driven by underlying company profitability [22][24]. Long-term Investment Philosophy - The company advocates for a long-term investment approach, prioritizing companies with solid earnings over engaging in short-term speculative trading [28]. - A quote from Graham highlights the distinction between short-term market fluctuations and long-term value realization, emphasizing the importance of company fundamentals [30][31]. New Features and Tools - A new feature in the "Today Stars" app allows users to access core data and real-time valuations of mainstream ETFs, aiding in identifying undervalued investment opportunities [32][34].

Core Viewpoints - The current market valuation may not support a purely liquidity-driven rally, but unexpected interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve and the People's Bank of China could act as catalysts for market sentiment [1] - Structural opportunities will be a key topic during the mid-year reporting season, while index opportunities may need to wait until late Q3 or Q4 [1] - The electrification process is accelerating globally, with a focus on the full industrial chain's monetization capabilities in the electrification and AI sectors [1] Group 1: Market Dynamics - Recent market changes indicate that there is no shortage of money, with trading volumes reaching approximately 1.5 trillion yuan [2] - The market is poised for potential upward movement, contingent on three triggers: attractive valuations, strong current and future fundamental expectations [2][3] - The market is expected to maintain a volatile yet upward trend, supported by the influx of medium to long-term funds and favorable policies [7][11] Group 2: Sector Focus - Key investment themes include domestic consumption, domestic substitution, and sectors that have been underweighted by funds [5][7] - The technology sector is anticipated to regain market attention, particularly with the upcoming IPOs of tech companies and innovations in AI and military industries [1][6] - The focus on high-dividend assets and the technology sector, especially those related to AI capital expenditures, is expected to provide investment opportunities [16] Group 3: Economic Indicators - The market is currently experiencing a phase of structural improvement, but it is not yet at the level of a bull market [6][10] - The potential for a bull market is contingent on either a positive shift in earnings or policy direction by Q3 [10] - The overall economic recovery is expected to be driven by domestic consumption and export growth, with a cautious outlook on external risks [4][10]

上 市 公 司 2025 年 06 月 27 日 中信银行 (601998) ——ROE 更早企稳，被低估的底部股份行 | 基础数据: | 2025 年 03 月 31 日 | | --- | --- | | 每股净资产（元） | 12.64 | | 资产负债率% | 91.61 | | 总股本/流通 A 股(百万) | 55,645/40,763 | | 流通 B 股/H 股（百万） | -/14,882 | 一年内股价与大盘对比走势： -20% 0% 20% 40% 06-27 07-27 08-27 09-27 10-27 11-27 12-27 01-27 02-27 03-27 04-27 05-27 06-27 中信银行 沪深300指数 (收益率) 证券分析师 郑庆明 A0230519090001 zhengqm@swsresearch.com 林颖颖 A0230522070004 linyy@swsresearch.com 冯思远 A0230522090005 fengsy@swsresearch.com 研究支持 报告原因：强调原有的投资评级 买入（维持） | 市场数据： | 2025 年 0 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent revision of the "Securities Company Classification Evaluation Regulations" aims to optimize the classification evaluation system, emphasizing functional orientation and promoting differentiated development for small and medium-sized securities firms, aligning with the new "National Nine Articles" and the financial "Five Major Articles" requirements [1] Group 1: Functional Orientation - The revised regulations prioritize guiding securities firms to better perform their functional roles and enhance professional capabilities, incorporating the evaluation of "functional performance" into the existing framework [2][3] - The new evaluation framework shifts from traditional pillars of "risk management + compliance + business development" to a new system that includes "risk management capability + sustained compliance + business development and functional performance" [3] Group 2: Differentiated Development - The regulations eliminate the revenue-based bonus points, reducing repetitive scale-based incentives, while increasing the emphasis on return on equity (ROE) to encourage firms to focus on operational efficiency rather than mere scale expansion [5][6] - The adjustment in evaluation criteria encourages small and medium-sized firms to explore differentiated paths based on their resource endowments, reinforcing the orientation towards specialized operations [7][8] Group 3: Regulatory Enhancements - The revised regulations enhance the punitive measures and risk mitigation strategies, expanding the scope for rating downgrades to include significant violations, and optimizing the penalty mechanisms [9][10] - The introduction of a self-rescue incentive mechanism allows for reduced penalties for firms that proactively rectify issues, thereby encouraging responsible behavior [10]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that even with the same price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) to return on equity (ROE) ratio at the time of purchase, companies with higher ROE will outperform in the long run in the U.S. stock market [1][19]. Group 1: ROE and Market Performance - High ROE is indicative of a strong economic moat and a guarantee of higher returns over the long term [2]. - Apple's ROE was around 33% before 2018, but after that, its debt ratio increased, distorting ROE [2]. - Walmart's ROE is approximately 22%, while Coca-Cola's ROE ranges between 30% and 40% [2]. Group 2: Market Capitalization Growth - On June 19, 2020, Apple and Walmart had similar price-to-earnings ratios of 1.02 and 1.03, respectively [5]. - Over five years, Apple's market value grew by 130%, while Walmart's increased by 97% [7]. - On February 11, 2011, both Apple and Walmart had the same price-to-earnings ratio of 0.56 [8]. - Over fourteen years, Apple's market value increased by 8 times, compared to Walmart's 3 times [9]. Group 3: Comparison with Coca-Cola - On April 29, 2021, Apple and Coca-Cola had close price-to-earnings ratios of 0.84 and 0.86, respectively [11]. - In the following five years, Apple's market value grew by 34%, while Coca-Cola's increased by 30% [12]. - On November 25, 2011, Apple's price-to-earnings ratio was 0.32, compared to Coca-Cola's 0.28 [13]. - Over fourteen years, Apple's market value grew by 8 times, while Coca-Cola's only increased by 1.1 times [17]. Group 4: Walmart's Position - Walmart's ROE is lower than Coca-Cola's, and its market value has been below Coca-Cola's for most of the time [15]. - In 2023, Walmart's market value began to significantly surpass Coca-Cola's, but its price-to-earnings ratio remains higher than Coca-Cola's, which is not sustainable in the long term [15].

Back Testing Methodology - Back testing involves using pre-existing screeners, such as a high-quality screener, with filters already set [1] - The process includes selecting a number of stocks, exemplified by selecting 20 stocks in this case [2] - Ranking is based on factors like return on equity and 10-year median, with options for largest or smallest values over the last three years [3] - Rebalancing can be set at intervals, such as every 12 months [3] - The system calculates performance over each rebalance period, generating performance charts [3] Performance Metrics - The back testing tool calculates alpha, beta, and Sharpe ratio [4] - Parameters can be adjusted based on existing screeners, allowing for modification [4]