Core Viewpoint - The private equity firms believe that the A-share bull market is ongoing, with a shift from liquidity-driven to fundamentals-driven growth expected in 2026, leading to increased stock selection difficulty and continued investment opportunities in areas such as overseas expansion, artificial intelligence, anti-involution, and domestic demand [1][7]. Group 1: Market Outlook - Starstone Investment indicates that the main driver for the stock market's upward trend in 2025 was the valuation uplift due to a loose liquidity environment, with the current stock-to-bond ratio still showing relative attractiveness for equity assets [2]. - Yuan Investment notes that the historical ratio of A-share total market value to household savings suggests that the bull market has not yet concluded, with the current ratio around 0.65, indicating potential for further market growth [2]. - Clear River Capital highlights a significant shift in the underlying logic of the A-share market, with improving free cash flow and increasing dividend and buyback ratios, projecting a market dividend rate exceeding 40% in 2025 [2]. Group 2: Investment Opportunities - The private equity firms identify key investment opportunities in 2026, focusing on overseas expansion, artificial intelligence, anti-involution, and domestic demand [7][8]. - Clear River Capital emphasizes that the 2026 market will likely see a transition to earnings-driven growth, with historical data suggesting that while index valuations may rise moderately, earnings growth could average 23%, leading to substantial index returns [5]. - Starstone Investment sees potential in traditional industries with reasonable valuations, expecting improvements in supply-demand dynamics and profitability due to ongoing structural reforms and policy support [6]. Group 3: Economic Drivers - Yuan Investment anticipates that the economic recovery in 2026 will be driven by domestic price recovery, with policies aimed at "anti-involution" potentially leading to improved price indicators [4]. - Clear River Capital expects that the actual GDP will remain resilient in 2026, with ongoing efforts to expand domestic demand and moderate inflation recovery [5]. - Starstone Investment draws parallels to past supply-side reforms, suggesting that the focus on quality and efficiency will enhance industry supply and profitability [6].

Core Viewpoint - The private equity firms believe that the A-share bull market is ongoing, with a shift from liquidity-driven to fundamentals-driven growth expected in 2026, leading to increased stock selection difficulty and significant investment opportunities in areas such as overseas expansion, artificial intelligence, anti-involution, and domestic demand [1][2][3]. Group 1: Market Outlook - The A-share market is still in a bull phase, with the valuation uplift driven by a loose liquidity environment in 2025 [2]. - The current stock-to-deposit ratio indicates that equity assets remain attractive, with room for residents to shift asset allocation towards the stock market [2]. - The ratio of total A-share market capitalization to household savings is around 0.65, suggesting that the bull market has not yet concluded [2]. Group 2: Fundamental Changes - A significant transformation in the underlying logic of the A-share market is noted, with improving free cash flow and increasing dividend and buyback ratios, expected to exceed 40% in 2025 [2]. - The transition from old to new economic drivers is underway, supported by a stable market mechanism from policy [2]. - The overall market risk appetite is bolstered by favorable liquidity conditions and expectations of a Federal Reserve rate cut [3]. Group 3: Investment Opportunities - Investment opportunities in 2026 are expected to focus on overseas expansion, artificial intelligence, anti-involution, and domestic demand [6][7]. - Strategic resource stocks, particularly copper and aluminum, are viewed positively due to limited supply growth and rising costs [6]. - High-growth sectors such as artificial intelligence, innovative pharmaceuticals, and military industry are highlighted as attractive investment areas [6][7]. Group 4: Economic Recovery and Market Dynamics - The economic recovery is anticipated to be supported by domestic price recovery and the implementation of anti-involution policies, which may lead to a shift in market style from growth to value and cyclical stocks [5]. - The expected GDP resilience and ongoing domestic demand expansion are likely to contribute to a favorable investment environment [5]. - Historical data suggests that during periods of earnings recovery, the market can achieve significant returns despite limited valuation increases [5].

证券研究报告 宏观研究 [Table_ReportType] 专题报告 [Table_Author] 解运亮 宏观首席分析师 执业编号：S1500521040002 联系电话：010-83326858 邮 箱：xieyunliang@cindasc.com 麦麟玥 宏观分析师 执业编号：S1500524070002 邮 箱：mailinyue@cindasc.com [Table_Title] PMI 超预期背后的信号 [Table_ReportDate] 2025 年 12 月 31 日 信达证券股份有限公司 CINDASECURITIESCO.,LTD 北京市西城区宣武门西大街甲127 号金隅 大厦B 座 邮编：100031 请阅读最后一页免责声明及信息披露 http://www.cindasc.com1 [➢Table_Summary] 12 月制造业 PMI 重返扩张区间，且回升幅度超出市场普遍预期，从年末 制造业景气度的表现来看，我们认为可能释放了以下几点信号： ➢ 第一，12 月出口对经济的拉动作用或仍较强。新订单指数的快速增长是 此次超预期的关键支撑，12 月新订单指数为下半年以来首次进入扩张区 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the food and beverage industry, particularly in the cyclical direction, emphasizing the importance of domestic demand and consumption [1][7]. Core Views - The report highlights the recent emphasis from authoritative media and high-level officials on the importance of domestic demand, which is crucial for the industry [7]. - Despite a recent pullback in the high-end liquor sector, the report anticipates a recovery in sales and pricing balance in the upcoming quarters, with expectations of a double-digit decline in sales year-on-year for Q1 2026, followed by stabilization in Q2 and a potential turning point in Q3 [7][8]. - The report suggests that high-quality liquor companies are currently in a strategic allocation phase, with recommendations for specific brands such as Luzhou Laojiao, Shanxi Fenjiu, Guizhou Moutai, and Wuliangye [7][8]. - For the consumer goods sector, the report identifies systemic opportunities, with a focus on CPI as a core observation indicator, predicting gradual improvement in food CPI throughout the year [7][10]. Summary by Sections Food and Beverage Weekly Insights - The food and beverage sector experienced a decline of 0.56% last week, with the liquor segment down by 0.20%, underperforming the broader market [6]. - The report notes that the top gainers included Anji Food (+29.65%) and Xichuan Food (+9%), while the biggest losers were Huanlejia (-16.35%) and Zhuangyuan Pasture (-13.19%) [6]. Liquor Sector - Moutai's bottle price is reported at 1550 RMB, with a week-on-week increase of 5 RMB, while the box price is 1560 RMB, also up by 5 RMB. Wuliangye's price remains stable at approximately 780 RMB, and Guojiao 1573 has decreased by 10 RMB to around 820 RMB [8][33]. - The Moutai dealer conference emphasized a market-oriented transformation, focusing on consumer-centric strategies and adjusting product offerings to stabilize market dynamics [8]. Consumer Goods Sector - The report recommends focusing on the restaurant supply chain, particularly in condiments and frozen foods, with specific recommendations for companies like Anji Food, Qianhe Flavor, and Tianwei Food [10]. - The dairy sector is expected to see an improved supply-demand balance in 2026, with recommendations for Yili and New Dairy [10]. Valuation Metrics - As of December 26, the food and beverage sector has a dynamic PE of 20.02x, with a premium rate of 21%, while the liquor sector has a dynamic PE of 18.50x, with a premium rate of 12% [34].

Group 1: Profit Trends - In November, the profit growth rate of industrial enterprises fell to -13.1% year-on-year, marking the weakest level since September 2024[5] - Revenue growth for the same month showed a slight improvement, decreasing by only -0.3% year-on-year[5] - The decline in profit growth is primarily attributed to a significant drop in profit margins, despite a recovery in volume growth[6] Group 2: Export and Industry Performance - While profits in export-related industries showed improvement, they did not offset the overall decline in profits across sectors[6] - The mining industry experienced a profit decline of -21.2%, while the manufacturing sector's profit growth rate fell to -13.5%[6] - The recovery in exports, particularly in electronics, automotive, and pharmaceuticals, contributed to a 5.9% year-on-year increase in exports, boosting overall profits by 4.98 percentage points[6] Group 3: Inventory and Operational Pressure - By the end of November, the nominal year-on-year growth rate of finished goods inventory rose to 4.6%, indicating a passive accumulation of inventory due to weak demand[6] - The turnover days for finished goods increased to 20.5 days, reflecting worsening operational pressures on enterprises[6] - The overall business pressure is expected to continue accumulating, with potential implications for the employment market[6] Group 4: Future Outlook - There is a significant possibility that policy measures will be implemented in early 2026 to stimulate growth and stabilize profits amid weakening external demand[6] - The upcoming national development and reform meeting emphasizes the need for proactive policy measures to ensure a strong start in 2026[6]

12月25日，离岸人民币对美元升破7.0关口，为2024年9月以来首次；在岸人民币最高升至7.0061。当 天，中国人民银行授权中国外汇交易中心公布，银行间外汇市场人民币汇率中间价为1美元对人民币 7.0392元，相较前一交易日中间价7.0471元，调升79个基点，续创2024年10月来新高。 中央经济工作会议在部署2026年经济工作时指出，要保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。人 民币在岸、离岸对美元汇率12月以来均保持强劲，这中间所涉及到的房地产、通胀、价差、利差等一系 列重要因素都不容忽视。野村中国首席经济学家陆挺认为，不如利用出口大幅增长带来的这一时间窗 口，通过结构性改革，来拉动内需，苦练内功，带动经济增长。 中美价差对人民币实际汇率形成怎样的支撑？物价水平将如何改变人民币实际汇率？房地产和汇率之间 存在着什么样的关系？需要引导人民币继续升值吗？汇率政策的安全边际应该如何界定？汇率政策在明 年整体的货币政策中的影响权重如何？明年美联储的货币政策调整对汇率有什么样的影响？第一财经 《首席对策》专访野村中国首席经济学家陆挺。 过去5年中美汇率变化不大 真正的差别表现在物价上 预言明年结束负通胀为时 ...

Report Industry Investment Ratings - Bullish: Carbonate Lithium, BR Rubber [1] - Bearish: Palm Oil, Soybean Meal, Rapeseed Oil [1] - Neutral (Oscillating): Stock Index, Treasury Bonds, Copper, Aluminum, Alumina, Zinc, Nickel, Stainless Steel, Tin, Gold, Platinum, Industrial Silicon, Polysilicon, Rebar, Hot Rolled Coil, Iron Ore, Ferroalloy, Glass, Coke, Coking Coal, Cotton, Sugar, Piglets, Pulp, Logs, Live Pigs, Crude Oil, Bitumen, MEG, Short - Fiber, Styrene, Propylene, Butadiene, Ethylene, Propylene Oxide, Chlor - Alkali, LPG, Container Shipping to Europe [1][2] Core Views - The stock index is expected to remain strong in the short - term after breaking through the previous shock range, while the bond futures are affected by asset shortage and weak economy but face interest - rate risks in the short - term [1]. - Metal prices are mainly affected by macro - sentiment, industrial fundamentals, and policy factors. For example, nickel and stainless - steel prices are influenced by Indonesian policies, and tin prices are affected by industry initiatives and geopolitical situations [1]. - In the energy and chemical sector, factors such as OPEC+ policies, supply - demand relationships, and cost changes affect prices. For instance, BR rubber is supported by cost and market sentiment, and PTA benefits from strong PX prices and high polyester consumption [1]. - Agricultural product prices are affected by factors such as production expectations, supply - demand relationships, and weather conditions. For example, palm oil has a bearish outlook due to supply expectations, and cotton is in a state of "supported but no drive" [1]. Summary by Categories Stock Index and Bonds - Stock Index: The market sentiment and liquidity are in good condition. The index broke through the previous shock range and is expected to remain strong in the short - term [1]. - Treasury Bonds: Asset shortage and weak economy are favorable, but the central bank has warned of interest - rate risks in the short - term. Attention should be paid to the Bank of Japan's interest - rate decision [1]. Metals - Copper: The industrial situation is weak, and the macro - sentiment is volatile, resulting in high - level oscillations [1]. - Aluminum: The driving force in the electrolytic aluminum industry is limited, and the macro - sentiment is volatile, leading to price oscillations [1]. - Alumina: The domestic fundamentals are weak, and the price remains low in the short - term [1]. - Zinc: The fundamentals have improved, the cost center has moved up, and the negative factors have basically been realized. The price is expected to oscillate strongly as market risk appetite improves [1]. - Nickel: Global nickel inventory is high, but supply concerns have led to a recent sharp rebound in Shanghai nickel. The Indonesian policy has not been implemented but is difficult to disprove. The price may oscillate strongly in the short - term, and the long - term supply of primary nickel is in surplus [1]. - Stainless Steel: The raw material price has stabilized, the social inventory has decreased slightly, and steel mills have increased production cuts in December. The futures price is expected to oscillate strongly in the short - term [1]. - Tin: Affected by the industry initiative, the price oscillates weakly in the short - term. Considering the tense situation in Congo - Kinshasa and the improved market risk appetite, low - buying opportunities are recommended [1]. - Gold: After reaching a record high, it may oscillate at a high level in the short - term due to strong US economic data and weakened interest - rate cut expectations [1]. - Platinum: The domestic futures price has a large premium over the spot and foreign markets, and the market is expected to be volatile. Rational participation is recommended [1]. Energy and Chemicals - Crude Oil: Affected by OPEC+ policies, the Russia - Ukraine peace agreement, and US sanctions on Venezuela, the short - term supply - demand contradiction is not prominent [1]. - Bitumen: It follows crude oil in the short - term. The supply of Marey crude oil is sufficient, and the profit is relatively high [1]. - BR Rubber: The transaction has improved, the cost has increased, and the market sentiment is strong due to rumors of a factory shutdown [1]. - PTA: The PX price is strong, the PTA device operates at a high load, and the polyester consumption is high [1]. - MEG: Supply - side news has stimulated a rebound, and the polyester downstream demand is better than expected [1]. - Styrene: The cost has some support, the market sentiment has improved slightly, but the inventory is high [1]. Agricultural Products - Palm Oil: High - frequency data has improved, but the supply in the producing areas is expected to be loose. Rebound selling is recommended [1]. - Cotton: It is currently in a state of "supported but no drive". Attention should be paid to policies, planting intentions, and weather conditions in the future [1]. - Sugar: There is a global surplus and an increase in domestic supply. The short - term fundamentals lack continuous drive [1]. - Piglets: Affected by weather and supply - demand relationships, the price is expected to oscillate weakly in the short - term, with limited decline [1]. - Soybean Meal: There is a risk of selling pressure due to high - yield expectations, and the price is affected by reserve rumors [1]. - Pulp: Affected by weak demand and strong supply expectations, unilateral investment is recommended to be on the sidelines, and 1 - 5 reverse spreads can be considered [1]. - Logs: Affected by external quotes and spot price declines, the 01 contract is expected to oscillate weakly [1]. - Live Pigs: The supply is yet to be fully released, and the price is affected by demand support and inventory [1].

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market is expected to enter a bull market in 2025, supported by policies, valuations, earnings, and capital, with a notable differentiation in market segments anticipated in 2026 as the "14th Five-Year Plan" begins [1] Group 1: Market Drivers - The core variable driving the stock market in 2026 is expected to be earnings, transitioning from valuation-driven to earnings-driven performance, with all sectors presenting investment opportunities [2] - The market style in 2026 is anticipated to be more balanced compared to 2025, as various sectors, including traditional industries, are expected to show earnings recovery and valuation repair [2] Group 2: Investment Opportunities - In 2026, institutional funds are likely to shift towards new consensus areas beyond just technology growth sectors, expanding into traditional industries as the overall market enters an earnings release phase [2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes improving domestic consumption and technological self-reliance, indicating significant long-term investment opportunities in these areas [3] Group 3: Investment Strategies for Ordinary Investors - Ordinary investors should focus on balancing long-term and short-term investment strategies, adjusting their portfolio based on individual risk preferences and return expectations [4] - For long-term investments, attention should be paid to industry trends and fundamental changes, while short-term opportunities require monitoring of price fluctuations and relative valuations [4] Group 4: Changes in Valuation Logic - The emphasis on "technological self-reliance" in the "14th Five-Year Plan" is expected to reshape the valuation system of A-shares, with a potential reduction in mid-term volatility of technology stock valuations [6] - The focus on core technology autonomy and industry policy support may increase the weight of non-financial indicators in valuation assessments [6] - Valuation logic in the technology sector may evolve from a focus on individual segments to a more integrated approach across entire industry chains, creating a linked valuation framework [6] Group 5: Recommendations for 2026 - A balanced and long-term investment approach is recommended for 2026, with a focus on fundamental factors such as corporate earnings, while avoiding speculative trading [7] - The current market conditions suggest that equity assets still hold mid-to-high investment value, despite some high valuations potentially leading to short-term volatility [7]

Core Viewpoint - The food and beverage sector is experiencing a continuous adjustment period, leading to the re-launch of food-themed funds, specifically the issuance of the Huaxia Food ETF, which tracks the CSI All Food Index, excluding liquor to focus on essential consumer goods [1] Industry Overview - The Huaxia Food ETF (code: 159151) is currently being issued from December 22 to December 26, 2025, and is distinct from the food and beverage ETF launched in 2020, as it emphasizes essential consumer products [1] - The index composition includes significant weightings in seasoning and fermentation products (25.39%), dairy products (17.57%), meat products (10.04%), snacks (6.60%), and pre-processed foods (5.69%), with Yili Co. being the largest weighted stock [1] Revenue and Profit Growth - For the first three quarters of 2025, the food industry, excluding liquor, has shown a gradual stabilization in revenue and profit growth, with snacks, soft drinks, and seasoning products leading in revenue growth rates of 31.1%, 10.8%, and 3.8% respectively [1] - The overall food and beverage sector is projected to recover systematically in 2026 after a five-year adjustment period from 2021 to 2025, as emphasized by authoritative media and high-level statements on the importance of domestic demand [2]

Market Overview - On December 24, the Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.53%, the CSI 300 increased by 0.29%, the STAR 50 climbed by 0.9%, the CSI 1000 went up by 1.54%, the ChiNext Index gained 0.77%, and the Hang Seng Index rose by 0.17% [4] - The best-performing sectors on December 24 were defense and military industry (+2.88%), electronics (+2.12%), building materials (+1.72%), light industry manufacturing (+1.69%), and machinery equipment (+1.49%). The worst-performing sectors were agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery (-0.85%), coal (-0.7%), food and beverage (-0.36%), banking (-0.3%), and media (+0.01%) [4] - The total trading volume for the entire A-share market on December 24 was 1,897.242 billion yuan, with a net outflow of 1.175 billion Hong Kong dollars from southbound funds [4] Key Insights Non-Bank Financial Sector - The non-bank sector is expected to see a rebound in 2026, offering both high probability and favorable odds [5] - Market expectations for the non-bank sector are low due to the high base in 2025 [5] - Factors driving this outlook include a long-term "slow bull" market in equities and optimization of the liability side [5] Industry Rotation Strategy - The top five industry indices from the 2025 Annual Industry Scoring Table yielded a cumulative return of 44.8% as of December 23, 2025, outperforming the CSI 300 by 22.2%, with positive excess returns in 11 out of 12 months [6][7] - In a bull market, focusing on industry fundamentals is deemed more important than trading comparisons, with a strategy of identifying and holding onto sectors with strong economic logic being favored over rotation trading [6][7] - Key sectors to watch in 2026 include cyclical and technology sectors, closely aligned with top-level policy themes such as technological self-reliance, domestic demand, and anti-involution [6][7] Automotive Parts Industry - The automotive lightweight trend presents significant opportunities for substituting steel with plastics, as modified plastics are lighter and stronger, making them ideal materials for automotive lightweighting [8] - The increase in the usage of modified plastics serves as a catalyst for this trend [8] - Risks include rising raw material costs and the potential for new material substitution [8]