证券研究报告｜资产配置跟踪周报 2025 年 2 月 24 日 大同证券研究中心 分析师：景剑文 执业证书编号： S0770523090001 邮箱：jingjw@dtsbc.com.cn 地址：山西太原长治路 111 号 山西世贸中心 A 座 F12、F13 网址： 新年新气象 市场或迎"暖春" 【20260209-20260215】 核心观点 大类资产总览：节前仍显波动，但暖意初现。 节前一周，权益市场波动幅度仍然较大，叠加前期获利资金 的了结与板块的轮动，市场经历了频繁且大幅的波动，这种 波动在节前稍显缓和，但依旧存在，在长假期带来的不确定 性中，场内资金仍处于分歧与调整的阶段。但同样也可以看 出，在历经了为期两周的调整后，节前市场虽有波动，但暖 意初现，一方面，场内成交金额持续维持较高区间，对市场 形成有效支撑；另一方面，投资者虽对长假期所带来的短期 不确定性有一定担忧，但中长期对市场依然有较大信心，因 此，前期的回调并未对市场引起较大的扰动。而债市则迎来 短期"蜜月周期"，资金面的持续宽松和权益市场、商品市 场逸散的低风险资金，都为债市短期是上行带来了充足的资 金补充。商品市场仍在回落，贵金属前期过 ...

Group 1: Profit Trends - In November, the profit growth rate of industrial enterprises fell to -13.1% year-on-year, marking the weakest level since September 2024[5] - Revenue growth for the same month showed a slight improvement, decreasing by only -0.3% year-on-year[5] - The decline in profit growth is primarily attributed to a significant drop in profit margins, despite a recovery in volume growth[6] Group 2: Export and Industry Performance - While profits in export-related industries showed improvement, they did not offset the overall decline in profits across sectors[6] - The mining industry experienced a profit decline of -21.2%, while the manufacturing sector's profit growth rate fell to -13.5%[6] - The recovery in exports, particularly in electronics, automotive, and pharmaceuticals, contributed to a 5.9% year-on-year increase in exports, boosting overall profits by 4.98 percentage points[6] Group 3: Inventory and Operational Pressure - By the end of November, the nominal year-on-year growth rate of finished goods inventory rose to 4.6%, indicating a passive accumulation of inventory due to weak demand[6] - The turnover days for finished goods increased to 20.5 days, reflecting worsening operational pressures on enterprises[6] - The overall business pressure is expected to continue accumulating, with potential implications for the employment market[6] Group 4: Future Outlook - There is a significant possibility that policy measures will be implemented in early 2026 to stimulate growth and stabilize profits amid weakening external demand[6] - The upcoming national development and reform meeting emphasizes the need for proactive policy measures to ensure a strong start in 2026[6]

Core Insights - The overall economic performance in November shows a significant decline in consumption and investment, with consumption down for six consecutive months and retail sales growth at 1.3%, the lowest in nearly three years [2] - Fixed asset investment has been negative for three consecutive months, with a year-on-year decline of 12% in both October and November, and real estate investment showing a record drop of 30.3% in November [2] - The weak economic indicators suggest insufficient internal demand, with low inflation and a PMI below the threshold for eight months, indicating a lack of economic momentum [2] Consumption and Investment - Consumption has decreased for six months, with retail sales growth at 1.3%, marking the lowest level in almost three years [2] - Fixed asset investment has shown a negative cumulative year-on-year growth for three months, with November's investment down 12% compared to the previous year [2] - Real estate investment has been particularly weak, with a year-on-year decline of 30.3% in November, the largest drop recorded [2] Economic Outlook - The focus is on ensuring a good start for the 14th Five-Year Plan in 2026, with potential policy measures including "trade-in" programs and early fiscal allocations to stimulate consumption [2] - Anticipated policy actions may include interest rate cuts and adjustments to fiscal strategies to support economic recovery in the first quarter of 2026 [2] Market Performance - The report highlights the performance of various industries, with telecommunications and defense industries showing strong growth, while real estate and coal industries are experiencing significant declines [2] - The report indicates that the bond market is under pressure but may stabilize with upcoming policy changes and adjustments in government debt issuance [3]

Economic Performance - November industrial added value increased by 4.8% year-on-year, slightly below the expected 5% and the previous month's 4.9%[1] - The industrial export delivery value showed a year-on-year decline of 0.1%, a significant improvement from the previous month's -2.1%[1] - The service sector production index grew by 4.2% year-on-year, a slowdown of 0.4 percentage points from the previous month[2] Retail and Consumption - Retail sales in November increased by 1.3% year-on-year, down from 2.9% in the previous month[3] - The contribution of national subsidies to retail sales declined by approximately 0.7 percentage points compared to the previous month[3] - Restaurant revenue growth slowed to 3.2% year-on-year, down 0.6 percentage points from the previous month, but still above the third quarter average of 1.4%[3] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment decreased by 2.6% year-on-year from January to November, a decline of 0.9 percentage points compared to the previous month[4] - Manufacturing investment maintained positive growth, while real estate investment fell to -15.9% year-on-year[4] - In November, fixed asset investment showed a year-on-year decline of 12.0%, stabilizing close to the previous month's -12.2%[4] Real Estate Market - November real estate sales area and sales value decreased by 25.1% and 17.3% year-on-year, respectively, with sales area showing a month-on-month increase of 9.3%[5] - New home prices in 70 major cities fell by 0.4% month-on-month, with first-tier cities leading the decline at -1.1%[5] Supply and Demand Dynamics - The weighted year-on-year growth of industrial and service production indicators was 4.4%, while the demand side showed a decline of 3.8%[6] - The gap between production and demand growth rates is the largest since March 2020, indicating increasing supply-demand imbalances[7]

Group 1: Financial Data Overview - In November, social financing (社融) increased by 159.7 billion yuan year-on-year, a significant recovery compared to a decrease of 595.9 billion yuan in October[6] - The overall credit scale stabilized, but the willingness of residents to "leverage" remains low, with long-term loans decreasing by 290 billion yuan year-on-year in November[6] - Corporate bond financing demand was strong, with an increase of 178.8 billion yuan year-on-year in November, maintaining above 150 billion yuan for three consecutive months[6] Group 2: Policy Impact and Economic Trends - Policy support and strong financing demand in the technology sector are the main drivers of the recovery in social financing[6] - The impact of government bond financing on social financing has weakened, with a year-on-year decrease of 104.8 billion yuan in November, significantly less than the 564.3 billion yuan decrease in October[6] - The distribution of 500 billion yuan in government debt quotas to local governments is expected to provide effective support to the real economy[6] Group 3: Future Outlook and Risks - Despite the recovery in social financing, underlying demand issues persist, as indicated by declines in M1 and M2 money supply[6] - The widening gap between M1 and M2 suggests ongoing challenges in the economy[10] - Risks include potential economic recovery falling short of expectations amid escalating trade tensions and tighter overseas monetary policies[4]

Group 1 - The macroeconomic data continues to be disclosed, with the market focusing on the domestic economic situation. After the inflation data release, the financial data for October followed closely. The investment and financing demand appears relatively stable, while the money supply has slightly decreased. The market's expectations regarding the proactive policy measures this year and the economic data showing a trend of high first and low later are acknowledged, indicating that the overall macro impact is relatively limited. Additionally, recent adjustments in overseas markets, particularly regarding the development of AI, have led to collective adjustments among US tech companies, which has somewhat influenced the market structure last week, particularly affecting the TMT sector in A-shares [1][2]. Group 2 - Last week's market performance showed divergence, with a slight rebound in trading volume. The Shanghai Composite Index rebounded throughout the week, reaching a new high on Friday before retreating and closing below the 5-day moving average. The Shenzhen Component Index fluctuated around the short-term moving average, also closing below the 5-day moving average on Friday. The average daily trading volume for both markets was around 20 billion yuan, slightly increasing from the previous week. The main market hotspots were concentrated in the consumer sector. In terms of investment style, small-cap stocks represented by the CSI 2000 and large-cap blue-chip stocks represented by the SSE 50 achieved excess returns, while tech stocks lagged. The Shanghai Composite Index has been oscillating around the 4000-point mark, with a recent adjustment at the end of October, ultimately rebounding near the 20-day moving average. The Shenzhen Component Index has shown slightly weaker performance and is currently in a consolidation phase [2].

Economic Overview - Q3 2025 GDP growth is 4.8%, down from 5.2% in Q2, aligning with market expectations[1] - Industrial output in September increased by 6.5%, up from 5.2% in the previous month[1] - Retail sales growth in September is 3.0%, a decline from 3.4% in August[1] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment from January to September decreased by 0.5%, down from a previous growth of 0.5%[1] - Real estate investment fell by 13.9% year-on-year, worsening from a decline of 12.9%[1] - Broad infrastructure investment grew by 3.3%, down from 5.4%[1] Consumption Insights - Retail sales in September showed a continuous decline, marking the fourth consecutive month of decrease[5] - The impact of the "trade-in" policy is diminishing, contributing to lower consumer spending[5] - September's retail sales growth was below market expectations of 3.1%[5] Future Outlook - To achieve the annual GDP target of 5%, Q4 growth needs to reach at least 4.4%[4] - Short-term policies may increase but are expected to be more supportive rather than transformative[4] - Key areas to monitor include central bank actions, fiscal policy effectiveness, and export performance[4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that China's economic transformation and emerging business models are key drivers for the sustained rise of the stock market, with traditional economic cycles clearing out and stabilizing [1] - The focus of Chinese policy is shifting towards development, with fiscal expansion supporting livelihoods, boosting consumption, and improving corporate cash flow [1] - The "anti-involution" movement reflects a change in economic governance thinking, which is expected to provide conditions for stabilizing long-term return on equity (ROE) [1] Group 2 - In the real estate sector, residential investment as a percentage of GDP is projected to fall to 5.4% by Q2 2025, aligning with levels seen in the US, Japan, and South Korea, indicating a significant reduction in economic drag [1] - The total repayment amounts for domestic debts of real estate companies are forecasted to decrease annually, with figures of 469.4 billion, 319.4 billion, and 313.9 billion yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027 respectively, suggesting that credit risk is largely cleared [2] - The manufacturing sector is experiencing a self-driven supply clearing, with capital expenditure decreasing by 10.6% year-on-year in Q1 2025, marking the lowest growth rate in nearly a decade [2] Group 3 - The implementation of more reasonable macroeconomic policies is effectively reducing tail risks in the economy and stabilizing investor expectations [2] - New economic opportunities are emerging in sectors such as AI and robotics, with accelerated capital expenditure, indicating a shift towards higher economic quality driven by transformation [2] - The "new three arrows" policy post-September 24, 2024, focuses on debt resolution, demand stimulation, and asset price stabilization, aiming to address the issue of insufficient domestic effective demand [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that China's economic transformation and emerging business models are key drivers for the continuous rise of the stock market, with traditional economic cycles clearing and stabilizing [1] - The focus of Chinese policy is shifting towards development, with fiscal expansion supporting livelihoods, boosting consumption, and improving corporate cash flow [1] - The decline in traditional economic sectors is reducing their drag on the economy, particularly in the real estate sector, where residential investment as a percentage of GDP is expected to fall to 5.4% by Q2 2025, aligning with experiences from the US, Japan, and South Korea [1] Group 2 - According to Wind statistics, the total repayment amounts for domestic debts of real estate companies in 2025, 2026, and 2027 are projected to be 469.4 billion, 319.4 billion, and 313.9 billion respectively, indicating a gradual decrease in credit risk [2] - The "new three arrows" policy post-September 24, 2024, aims to address debt issues, stimulate demand, and stabilize asset prices through monetary easing and debt restructuring [2] - Emerging sectors such as AI and robotics are seeing accelerated capital expenditure, indicating the initial emergence of new economic opportunities [2]

Production - Industrial production growth in August was 5.2%, below the expected 5.8% and down 0.5 percentage points from the previous month[3] - The decline in industrial production was primarily due to a decrease in export growth, which turned negative at -0.4% for the first time this year, down 1.2 percentage points from last month[3] - The service production index growth fell to 5.6%, indicating a slowdown in the service sector[3] Investment - Fixed asset investment growth in August was -7.1%, a decline of 1.8 percentage points, with a cumulative growth of 0.5%, down 1.1 percentage points from the previous month[4] - Real estate investment saw a significant drop, with a monthly growth rate of -19.5% and a cumulative decline of -12.9%[4] - Infrastructure investment also decreased, with broad infrastructure cumulative growth at 5.4% and narrow infrastructure at 2.0%, both down from the previous month[4] Consumption - Retail sales growth in August was 3.4%, a decrease of 0.3 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a cooling in consumer spending[5] - Dining consumption showed slight recovery with a growth rate of 2.1%, while overall goods retail growth was 3.6%, down 0.3 percentage points[5] - The consumption of gold and jewelry surged to 16.8%, doubling from the previous month, while other discretionary categories showed mixed results[6] Outlook - The economic slowdown in August reflects ongoing pressures in production, investment, and consumption, necessitating targeted policy interventions[7] - Future policy efforts are expected to focus on boosting investment and service consumption, with financial tools likely to support infrastructure investment[7] - The overall economic environment remains challenging, with continued pressure from declining exports and a cooling real estate market[7]