Report Industry Investment Ratings - Thread steel: Not clearly stated, represented by "ななな" [1] - Hot-rolled coil: ★★★, indicating a clearer long trend and a relatively appropriate investment opportunity [1] - Iron ore: ★★★, indicating a clearer long trend and a relatively appropriate investment opportunity [1] - Coke: Not clearly stated, represented by "ななな" [1] - Coking coal: ★★★, indicating a clearer long trend and a relatively appropriate investment opportunity [1] - Silicomanganese: ★★★, indicating a clearer long trend and a relatively appropriate investment opportunity [1] - Ferrosilicon: ★★★, indicating a clearer long trend and a relatively appropriate investment opportunity [1] Core Viewpoints - The short - term rebound of the steel, iron ore, and other futures markets is supported by factors such as the marginal improvement of weekly data and the reduction of Sino - US tariffs, but the pessimistic demand expectations limit the upside space. For most varieties, it is recommended to wait and see, paying attention to terminal demand and relevant domestic and foreign policies [1][2] Summary by Related Catalogs Steel - Today's steel futures market fluctuated narrowly. This week, the apparent demand for thread steel rebounded significantly, production was relatively stable, and inventory resumed a downward trend. The demand for hot - rolled coil also recovered, production declined, and inventory resumed a downward trend. Iron ore production is at a high level, and the supply pressure is still large. As the off - season of demand approaches, the terminal's carrying capacity needs to be observed. Domestic demand in downstream industries is still weak, manufacturing prosperity has declined, and real estate sales recovery is fluctuating [1] Iron Ore - Today's iron ore futures market fluctuated. On the supply side, the global shipment of iron ore fluctuated normally, with no obvious increase for the time being. The domestic arrival volume decreased, and the national port inventory decreased. On the demand side, terminal demand rebounded, but there is still seasonal weakening pressure in the future. With a high profit rate of steel mills, iron ore production can still maintain a high level for the time being. It is expected to fluctuate in the short term, and attention should be paid to the pressure of the decline of iron ore production in the medium term [2] Coke - The price of coke fluctuated weakly. It is expected to be reduced in price this Thursday, and daily production has increased slightly. The overall inventory of coke has not been effectively reduced and remains at a high level, and traders have no purchasing enthusiasm. The supply of carbon elements is still abundant, and the downstream iron ore production remains stable at a high level. Steel billet export orders are good. It is recommended to wait and see [3] Coking Coal - The price of coking coal fluctuated weakly. Production has gradually climbed to a relatively high level this year. The activity of the spot auction market is low, the transaction price has loosened slightly, and the terminal inventory is still high. The total inventory of coking coal is basically flat, the production - end inventory pressure remains high, and downstream coking plants and steel mills maintain just - in - time procurement. It is recommended to wait and see in the short term [5] Silicomanganese - The price of silicomanganese fluctuated narrowly. The national manganese ore port inventory has been continuously rising, with a cumulative increase of more than 300,000 tons last week. It is estimated that about 50,000 tons of South32 Australian ore will arrive at the port by the end of this month. Iron ore production remains stable at a high level, the supply of silicomanganese continues to decline, and the overall inventory level has increased significantly, which continues to suppress the price. It is recommended to wait and see and pay continuous attention to tariff trends [6] Ferrosilicon - The price of ferrosilicon fluctuated narrowly. Iron ore production remains stable at a high level. Export demand generally shows a downward trend month - on - month, but the marginal impact is small. The production of magnesium metal is basically flat and remains stable at a relatively high level, and the overall demand is acceptable. The supply of ferrosilicon has rebounded slightly, the market transaction level is average, and the on - balance - sheet inventory has continuously increased. It is recommended to wait and see and pay continuous attention to tariff trends [7]

| | | | SDIC FUTURES | | 2025年05月14日 | | --- | --- | --- | | | 操作评级 | | | 螺纹 | ☆☆☆ | 曹颖 首席分析师 | | 热卷 | ☆☆☆ | F3003925 Z0012043 | | 铁矿 | ☆☆☆ | 何建辉 高级分析师 | | 焦炭 | ☆☆☆ | F0242190 Z0000586 | | 焦煤 | ☆☆☆ | | | 锰硅 | ☆☆☆ | 韩惊 高级分析师 | | 硅铁 | ☆☆☆ | F03086835 Z0016553 | | | | 李啸尘 高级分析师 | | | | F3054140 Z0016022 | | | | 010-58747784 | | | | gtaxinstitute@essence.com.cn | 【钢材】 今日盘面继续反弹。节前下游补库透支,淡季临近需求走弱，螺纹表需大幅下滑，产量有所回落,库存有所累积。热卷需求同 步回落，产量趋稳，库存有所累积。铁水产量处于高位，供应压力明显增大，终端承接能力不足引发负反馈担忧。从下游行业 看，4月CPI、PPI依然低迷，制造业景气度有所下滑，地产销售复苏 ...

Group 1: Investment Ratings and General Market Outlook - No explicit report industry investment rating provided [1] - The core view is that various commodities show different trends based on factors such as national policies, trade negotiation results, and supply - demand fundamentals. Market sentiment has been affected by factors like China - US trade talks and inflation data [1] Group 2: Macro - Financial Sector - **Stock Index**: Since April, with the support of national policies and Central Huijin's funds, the stock index has recovered the technical gap formed by the tariff shock on April 2. The current risk - return ratio of chasing the rise is not high. Holders of long positions can consider reducing positions on rallies [1] - **Treasury Bonds**: Asset shortage and weak economy are favorable for bond futures, but the central bank's short - term reminder of interest - rate risks suppresses the upward space [1] - **Gold**: Short - term market risk appetite has recovered, and the gold price may enter a consolidation phase, but the medium - to - long - term upward logic remains unchanged [1] - **Silver**: Overall, it follows gold, but an unexpected tariff result will benefit the commodity attribute of silver, so the short - term resilience of the silver price may be stronger than that of gold [1] Group 3: Non - Ferrous Metals Sector - **Copper**: The result of China - US trade negotiations exceeded expectations, and short - term market sentiment has improved. However, the copper price has significantly rebounded and may fluctuate [1] - **Aluminum and Alumina**: The aluminum electrolysis industry has no obvious contradictions. With the unexpected result of China - US trade negotiations, the aluminum price continues to rebound. Supply disturbances of bauxite and alumina have increased, and the supply - demand pattern of alumina has improved. The short - term price may further rebound [1] - **Zinc**: Although the macro sentiment has improved, the terminal demand has weakened significantly in the off - season, and with the inflow of imported goods, the zinc price remains weak [1] - **Nickel and Stainless Steel**: US inflation has cooled more than expected, and the result of China - US talks has exceeded market expectations. The export order expectation of terminals has improved, and market risk appetite is expected to recover. The Indonesian resource tax policy has been implemented, and the premium of nickel ore is high. There are rumors of a mining ban in the Philippines, but the implementation is difficult. The nickel price fluctuates in the short term, and there is still pressure from the surplus of primary nickel in the medium - to - long term. The short - term stainless steel futures fluctuate and rebound, but there is still supply pressure in the medium - to - long term [1] - **Tin**: With the unexpected result of China - US talks and improved macro sentiment, the tin price is expected to rebound. The resumption of production in Wa State needs to be continuously monitored [1] - **Industrial Silicon**: Supply is strong, demand is weak, it has entered the low - valuation range, demand has not improved, inventory pressure has not been relieved, and the China - US tariff negotiation result is unexpected [1] - **Polycrystalline Silicon**: The number of registered warehouse receipts is extremely small, the first delivery is approaching, the futures price is at a discount to the spot price, and the willingness to register warehouse receipts is low, and the China - US tariff negotiation result is unexpected [1] - **Lithium Carbonate**: Supply has not further shrunk, the visible inventory has continued to accumulate, the downstream raw material inventory is at a high level, downstream still maintains rigid - demand purchases at low prices, and the China - US tariff negotiation result is unexpected [1] Group 4: Ferrous Metals Sector - **Steel Products (Rebar, Hot - Rolled Coil)**: The trade turmoil has intensified the pressure on the export chain. The short - term risk appetite is slightly poor, and the opening price dives downward [1] - **Iron Ore**: The tariff policy affects market sentiment, and the iron ore with strong financial attributes is under short - term pressure [1] - **Manganese Silicon**: There is still an expectation of decline under the expectation of manganese ore surplus, and the variety has heavy warehouse - receipt pressure [1] - **Silicon Iron**: The cost is dragged down by thermal coal, but the production reduction in the production area is large, and the supply - demand situation has become tight [1] - **Glass**: The situation of weak supply and demand continues. With the arrival of the rainy season, there are concerns about weakening demand, and the price continues to be weak [1] - **Soda Ash**: There are many overhauls in May, and the direct demand is okay, but there is medium - term supply surplus, and the price is under pressure [1] - **Coking Coal and Coke**: The supply and demand of coking coal and coke are relatively surplus and are short - positioned in the sector. It is recommended that industrial customers actively seize the opportunities of cash - and - carry arbitrage and selling hedging when the market rebounds to a premium. Consider participating in the JM9 - 1 calendar spread arbitrage [1] Group 5: Agricultural Products Sector - **Palm Oil**: The rise in crude oil will drive the rebound of palm oil, and the China - US talks will drag down the soybean - palm oil price spread. It is recommended to short after the crude oil price falls [1] - **Soybean Oil**: China - US talks are expected to have a negative impact on soybean oil sentiment in the short term, dragging down the soybean - palm oil price spread. It is recommended to wait and see [1] - **Rapeseed Oil**: The northern rapeseed - producing areas in Europe are still dry, which is not conducive to the formation of rapeseed yield per unit in the bolting stage. The China - Canada relationship is still uncertain. If Canada cancels the additional tariffs on China, it is expected to cause a large decline. Consider long - volatility strategies [1] - **Cotton**: In the short term, there are disturbances such as trade negotiations and weather premiums for US cotton. In the long term, macro uncertainties are still strong. The domestic cotton - spinning industry has entered the consumption off - season, and there are signs of inventory accumulation in downstream finished products. It is expected that the domestic cotton price will maintain a weak and fluctuating trend [1] - **Sugar**: According to the latest forecast of the Brazilian National Supply Company, Brazil's sugarcane production in the 2025/26 season is expected to be 663.4 million tons, a 2% decline from the previous year. The sugar production is expected to reach a record 4.59 million tons, a 4% increase from the previous year. If the crude oil price continues to be weak, it may affect the sugar - making ratio in Brazil's new crushing season and lead to an unexpected increase in sugar production [1] - **Corn**: The overall situation of deep - processing in the Northeast has stabilized, the decline in Shandong's deep - processing has slowed down. The import corn auction policy and China - US economic and trade talks have a negative impact on sentiment. The market回调 in the short term. It is recommended to buy on dips and pay attention to the C07 - C01 calendar spread arbitrage [1] - **Soybean Meal**: There is no driving force for speculation in US soybean planting. The domestic market continues to digest the negative factors of spot pressure and Brazilian selling pressure, and the market is expected to fluctuate [1] - **Pulp**: After the positive impact of the unexpected China - US trade negotiation on pulp futures is realized, the fundamentals still lack upward momentum, and it is expected to fluctuate [1] - **Logs**: The arrival volume of logs remains high, the overall inventory is high, and the price of terminal products has declined. There is no short - term positive factor, and it is expected to fluctuate at a low level [1] - **Pigs**: With the continuous repair of the pig inventory, the slaughter weight continues to increase. The market expectation is obvious, the futures price is at a large discount to the spot price, and there are no bright spots in the downstream [1] Group 6: Energy and Chemical Sector - **Crude Oil - Related (Fuel Oil, Palm Oil)**: The result of China - US trade negotiations far exceeds market expectations, reducing concerns about weakening demand. After a sharp decline, there is a demand for rebound and repair [1] - **BR Rubber**: The result of China - US trade negotiations is unexpected. In the short term, the raw material cost support is strengthened due to rainfall in the production area. In the medium - to - long term, the fundamentals are loose, and demand is weak, and the price is expected to decline [1] - **PTA, Short - Fiber, and Related Products**: The upstream PX device is under intensive maintenance, and the internal - external price difference of PX has been significantly repaired. The demand for PTA is supported by the high load of polyester. The PTA shortage strengthens the cost support for short - fiber, and short - fiber performs strongly under the high basis [1] - **Ethylene Glycol**: Ethylene glycol devices are under maintenance, large - scale devices in Jiangsu and Zhejiang have reduced their loads, and coal - based devices have started to be overhauled [1] - **Pure Benzene and Styrene**: The improvement of China - US tariff policies stimulates market speculative demand, the pure benzene price gradually strengthens, the profit of the reforming device declines, and the downstream demand for styrene is expected to pick up [1] - **Methanol**: The basis strengthens, the trading volume is average. In the short term, the methanol price fluctuates in a range and is slightly strong. In the medium - to - long term, the methanol spot market may change from strong to weak and fluctuate [1] - **PE, PP, PVC, and Caustic Soda**: For PE, the basis strengthens, and the trading volume is general. It fluctuates slightly strongly in the short term and may change from strong to weak in the medium - to - long term. For PP, some previously overhauled devices have resumed operation, demand is stable, and it fluctuates slightly strongly with macro - positive factors. For PVC, the fundamentals are weak, and it rebounds in the short term with macro - positive factors. For caustic soda, the spot demand is weak, and the driving force for price increase is insufficient, and the price fluctuates weakly [1]

Report Industry Investment Ratings - The operation ratings for rebar, hot-rolled coil, iron ore, coke, coking coal, silicon manganese, and ferrosilicon are all ★★★, indicating a more distinct long/short trend and relatively appropriate investment opportunities currently [1]. Core Viewpoints - The overall market shows a complex situation with different trends and influencing factors for each product. Uncertainties such as demand, inventory, and tariff policies have a significant impact on the market. It is recommended to pay close attention to terminal demand and relevant domestic and foreign policies [1][2][3]. Summary by Product Steel - The steel futures market opened high and closed low today. Due to pre - holiday downstream replenishment overdraft and approaching off - season, demand weakened. Rebar apparent demand dropped significantly, production declined slightly, and inventory increased. Hot - rolled coil demand also declined, production was stable, and inventory increased. High iron - water production led to increased supply pressure, and concerns about negative feedback emerged due to insufficient terminal acceptance. The market's expectation of domestic demand is still pessimistic, and the short - term market may fluctuate. Attention should be paid to terminal demand and relevant policies [1]. Iron Ore - The iron ore futures market fluctuated today. Globally, iron ore shipments decreased compared to the previous period but were slightly stronger than the same period last year. Domestic arrivals continued to decline, and port inventories decreased. With low berthing volume, the overall inventory pressure is not large. Terminal demand has declined from its peak, but high iron - water production still supports actual demand. Although there are rumors of production restrictions, there are also positive factors from external trade negotiations. It is expected to fluctuate in the short term, and attention should be paid to the pressure of iron - water production peaking and falling in the medium term [2]. Coke - Coke prices remained weak. A price cut is expected on Thursday this week, and daily production has been increasing slightly. Coke inventory has not been effectively reduced and remains at a high level, and traders have no purchasing enthusiasm. The supply of carbon elements is still abundant, downstream iron - water production is stable at a high level, and steel billet export orders are good. Attention should be paid to the evolution of steel exports. Due to tariff uncertainties, it is recommended to wait and see [3]. Coking Coal - Coking coal prices are relatively weak. Production has gradually climbed to a relatively high level this year. The activity in the spot auction market is low, the transaction price has slightly decreased, and terminal inventory is still high. The total coking coal inventory is basically flat, and the production - end inventory pressure remains high. Downstream coking plants and steel mills maintain just - in - time procurement. The futures price is at a discount, and it is affected by inventory and tariff policies. It is recommended to wait and see in the short term [5]. Silicon Manganese - Silicon manganese prices fluctuated within a narrow range. The manganese ore inventory at national ports has been increasing, with an increase of over 300,000 tons last week. It is expected that about 50,000 tons of South32 Australian ore will arrive at the port by the end of this month. With high and stable iron - water production, silicon manganese supply continues to decline, and the overall inventory has increased significantly, suppressing prices. As manganese ore inventory starts to increase, there may be a short - term rebound drive. It is recommended to wait and see and pay continuous attention to tariff trends [6]. Ferrosilicon - Ferrosilicon prices fluctuated within a narrow range. Iron - water production remained stable at a high level. Export demand decreased slightly month - on - month, with a marginal impact. The production of magnesium metal was basically flat and remained at a high level, and overall demand was acceptable. Ferrosilicon supply rebounded slightly, market transactions were average, and on - balance - sheet inventory continued to increase. There may be a short - term rebound drive. It is recommended to wait and see and pay continuous attention to tariff trends [7].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided 2. Core View of the Report - The hot-rolled coil futures price is weakly operating due to weakened cost support. The black series is performing sluggishly, and the market lacks confidence in long-term demand. It is recommended to conduct short-side trading on the HC2510 contract, paying attention to operation rhythm and risk control [2][9] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Weekly Key Points Summary 3.1.1 Market Review - As of the close on May 9, the futures price of the main hot-rolled coil contract was 3157 yuan/ton (-47 yuan), and the spot price of Hangzhou Lianggang hot-rolled coil was 3240 yuan/ton (-20 yuan) [7] - Hot-rolled coil production continued to increase to 320.38 million tons (+1.08 million tons) [7] - Terminal demand was blocked, and the apparent demand declined. The current apparent demand was 309.53 million tons (-23.19 million tons), (year-on-year +0.89 million tons) [7] - Factory inventories declined, and social inventories increased. The total inventory was 365.12 million tons (+10.85 million tons), (year-on-year -56.37 million tons) [7] - The steel mill profitability rate was 58.87%, an increase of 2.59 percentage points from last week and 6.92 percentage points from last year [7] 3.1.2 Market Outlook - Macro aspect: Overseas, the Fed maintained the federal funds rate target range at 4.25% - 4.50%, and the UK and the US reached a tariff trade agreement. Domestically, China and the US will hold high-level economic and trade talks, and the central bank took measures to stabilize the property market [9] - Supply and demand aspect: The weekly production of hot-rolled coils continued to increase slightly, with a capacity utilization rate above 80%. Factory inventories declined, social inventories increased, and the total inventory ended its consecutive decline. Terminal demand was blocked, and the apparent demand declined [9] - Cost aspect: The import volume of iron ore increased significantly, and the supply increase expectation strengthened, with the ore price oscillating weakly. Coking coal production was normal, with a high coking coal auction failure rate. The demand for coke still had rigid support, but the market was cautious due to the rumor of crude steel production reduction [9] - Technical aspect: The daily K-line of the HC2510 contract was under pressure below multiple moving averages, and the MACD indicator showed that DIFF and DEA were running below the 0-axis [9] - Strategy recommendation: Conduct short-side trading on the HC2510 contract, paying attention to operation rhythm and risk control [9] 3.2 Futures and Spot Market - This week, the futures price oscillated weakly. The HC2510 contract oscillated weakly and performed stronger than the HC2601 contract, with a spread of -8 yuan/ton on the 9th, a week-on-week increase of 20 yuan/ton [11][14] - This week, the hot-rolled coil warehouse receipts on the Shanghai Futures Exchange decreased, and the net long position of the top 20 holders increased. On May 9, the warehouse receipt volume was 297,005 tons, a week-on-week decrease of 37,011 tons, and the net long position of the top 20 was 149,883 contracts, an increase of 31,815 contracts from last week [17][21] - This week, the spot price decreased. On May 9, the spot price of Shanghai hot-rolled coil was 3240 yuan/ton, a week-on-week decrease of 20 yuan/ton, and the national average price was 3314 yuan/ton, a week-on-week decrease of 17 yuan/ton. The spot price was stronger than the futures price, with a basis of 83 yuan/ton on the 9th, a week-on-week increase of 7 yuan/ton [23][25] 3.3 Upstream Market - This week, the spot price of iron ore decreased, and the spot price of coke remained flat. On May 9, the price of 61% Australian MacPhearson iron ore at Qingdao Port was 799 yuan/dry ton, a week-on-week decrease of 7 yuan/dry ton, and the spot price of first-grade metallurgical coke at Tianjin Port was 1540 yuan/ton, a week-on-week increase of 0 yuan/ton [28][30] - The total arrival volume at 47 Chinese ports decreased. From April 28 to May 4, 2025, the total iron ore shipment volume from Australia and Brazil was 25.404 million tons, a week-on-week decrease of 2.18 million tons. The total arrival volume at 47 Chinese ports was 26.344 million tons, a week-on-week decrease of 0.452 million tons [32][34] - This week, the iron ore port inventory declined. The total inventory of imported iron ore at 47 ports was 147.6471 million tons, a week-on-week decrease of 0.8356 million tons. The daily average port clearance volume was 3.2851 million tons, a decrease of 0.1673 million tons [36][38] - This week, the coking plant capacity utilization rate decreased, and the coke inventory decreased. The capacity utilization rate of 230 independent coking enterprises was 75.05%, a decrease of 0.38%. The daily coke output was 535,000 tons, a decrease of 27,000 tons [40][42] 3.4 Industry Situation 3.4.1 Supply Side - From January to April, the steel export volume increased year-on-year. In March 2025, the crude steel output was 92.84 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 4.6%. From January to April, the steel export volume was 37.891 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 8.2% [43][45] - The blast furnace operating rate of steel mills increased. On May 9, the blast furnace operating rate of 247 steel mills was 84.62%, an increase of 0.29 percentage points from last week, and the blast furnace ironmaking capacity utilization rate was 92.09%, an increase of 0.09 percentage points from last week [46][48] - The total hot-rolled coil inventory decreased. On May 8, the hot-rolled coil inventory in factories was 848,000 tons, a week-on-week decrease of 700 tons, and the social inventory in 33 major cities was 2.8032 million tons, a week-on-week increase of 115,500 tons [49][53] 3.4.2 Demand Side - The production and sales of automobiles and home appliances increased year-on-year. From January to March 2025, the total automobile production was 7.561 million vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 14.5%, and the total sales were 7.47 million vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 11.2% [54][56]

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings - **Thread Steel**: ★☆☆ [1] - **Hot-rolled Coil**: ★☆☆ [1] - **Iron Ore**: ★☆★ [1] - **Coke**: ★☆★ [1] - **Coking Coal**: ★☆★ [1] - **Silicon Manganese**: ★☆★ [1] - **Silicon Iron**: ★☆★ [1] 2. Core Views - The overall market is under pressure due to weak terminal demand, high supply, and negative feedback concerns [2][3][4][5] - The prices of various commodities are expected to be weak and volatile, with different influencing factors for each [2][3][4][5][6][7] 3. Summary by Category Steel - The steel market is under pressure due to weak demand, high supply, and concerns about negative feedback [2] - Terminal demand is weak, and the recovery of the real estate and manufacturing industries is uneven [2] Iron Ore - The iron ore market is expected to be weak and volatile, with concerns about negative feedback and potential decline in iron production [3] - Supply is relatively stable, but demand is uncertain due to potential production cuts and weak steel demand [3] Coke - The coke market is weak, with the second price increase rejected and high inventory [4] - Carbon supply is abundant, and attention should be paid to the development of steel exports [4] Coking Coal - The coking coal market is expected to be weak and volatile, with high inventory and weak demand [5] - Supply is stable, but demand is limited due to high inventory and weak downstream demand [5] Silicon Manganese - The silicon manganese market has rebounded, but prices are still under pressure due to high inventory and weak demand [6] - Manganese ore inventory is increasing, and it is recommended to short on rebounds [6] Silicon Iron - The silicon iron market has rebounded slightly, but the fundamentals are weak due to high inventory and weak demand [7] - It is recommended to short on rebounds [7]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant issue of insufficient consumption in China, highlighting that household consumption, final consumption, and service consumption as a percentage of GDP are notably lower compared to OECD countries, with a gap of approximately 25% to 33% [3][4][5]. Group 1: Structural Bias in Consumption - China's consumption deficit is characterized as a "structural bias," with actual final consumption as a percentage of GDP being about 20 percentage points lower than the global average [5][6]. - Four main reasons for this structural bias are identified: low overall level of basic public services, lagging urbanization quality, significant income disparity, and the characteristics of the government balance sheet [5][6][7]. Group 2: Causes of Insufficient Consumption - The low level of basic public services, particularly in education, healthcare, and social security, restricts the growth of development-oriented consumption [6][7]. - Urbanization in China is at approximately 67%, which is lower than the 70%-80% seen in OECD countries at similar development stages, impacting service consumption levels [6][7]. - Income inequality, with a Gini coefficient generally above 0.45, limits the consumption capacity of lower-income groups, while the middle-income group is not large enough to drive demand [6][7]. - The government balance sheet shows a high proportion of government wealth compared to total societal wealth, which affects consumption rates negatively [7]. Group 3: Identifying Key Issues in Consumption - The article stresses the need to focus on service consumption, particularly in education, healthcare, housing, social security, and pensions, as the main areas of insufficient consumption [10]. - The urban-rural divide is highlighted, with rural residents facing the most significant consumption gaps, particularly among migrant workers [10][11]. - Structural reforms aimed at urbanization and rural integration are necessary to address these consumption issues [10][11]. Group 4: Addressing Consumption Deficits - The article suggests that addressing consumption deficits requires distinguishing between root causes and derived issues, emphasizing the need to focus on the structural underrepresentation of consumption in terminal demand [12][13]. - It argues for a shift in policy focus from investment-driven growth to consumption-driven growth, which is essential for sustainable economic development [12][13]. Group 5: Recommendations for Pension Reform - The article proposes reforms to rural residents' pension systems as a short-term measure to boost consumption, suggesting the allocation of stimulus funds to increase pension payouts significantly [16][17]. - It discusses the potential for reallocating state-owned capital to enhance pension funds, which could double or even triple pension levels, thereby increasing consumption capacity among low-income groups [17][18]. - The goal is to raise rural pension levels to around 600-1000 yuan over five years, which could lead to substantial increases in direct consumption and overall GDP growth [19][20].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant structural deviation in China's consumption, which is approximately 20 percentage points lower than the global average, indicating a pressing need for reforms to boost consumption and improve living standards [3][4][10]. Group 1: Causes of Consumption Insufficiency - China's household consumption, final consumption, and service consumption as a percentage of GDP are significantly lower compared to OECD countries, with a gap of 25% to 33% [3][4]. - The low level of basic public services and the large urban-rural gap are major contributors to this structural deviation, affecting the growth of service consumption [4][5]. - Urbanization levels in China are lagging, with a current urbanization rate of about 67%, compared to 70%-80% in OECD countries at a similar development stage [5][6]. - The significant income disparity, with a Gini coefficient above 0.45, limits the consumption capacity of lower-income groups, while the middle-income group is not large enough to drive demand [6][7]. - The characteristics of the government’s balance sheet, with a high proportion of government wealth compared to total societal wealth, contribute to high savings rates and low consumption [6][8]. Group 2: Solutions to Consumption Insufficiency - Addressing consumption insufficiency requires a focus on service consumption, particularly in education, healthcare, housing, social security, and pensions [7][9]. - The structural issues stemming from the urban-rural divide must be addressed through reforms aimed at equal rights and urban-rural integration [7][9]. - The decline in real estate and infrastructure investment has exposed the underlying structural consumption issues, necessitating urgent action to boost terminal demand [8][9]. Group 3: Specific Recommendations for Pension Reform - The government should prioritize pension reforms for rural residents, as they represent a significant portion of the low-income population with high consumption potential [11][12]. - Allocating a portion of stimulus funds to increase pension payouts could significantly enhance the consumption capacity of rural residents [12][13]. - Improving the pension contribution system, especially for migrant workers, is essential to increase their future consumption capabilities [15][16].

Report Industry Investment Ratings - Macro-finance: Index futures are expected to fluctuate, and treasury bonds are expected to rise in the short term [1][5] - Black building materials: Rebar is expected to fluctuate, iron ore is expected to be weak in oscillation, and coking coal and coke are expected to fluctuate [1][7][9] - Non-ferrous metals: Copper is recommended for cautious trading within a range, aluminum is recommended to wait and see, nickel is recommended to wait and see or short on rallies, tin is recommended for trading within a range, and gold and silver are recommended for trading within a range [1][11][17] - Energy and chemicals: PVC, caustic soda, rubber, urea, methanol, and plastic are expected to fluctuate, and soda ash is recommended to hold short call options [1][19][28] - Cotton textile industry chain: Cotton and cotton yarn are expected to fluctuate sharply, apples are expected to strengthen in oscillation, and PTA is expected to be weak in oscillation [1][29][30] - Agricultural and livestock products: Pigs are expected to fluctuate within a range, eggs are recommended to be short on rallies, corn is recommended to go long on dips, soybean meal is expected to decline in oscillation, and oils are expected to fluctuate [1][31][38] Core Views - The global economic situation is complex and volatile, with factors such as trade policies, economic data, and geopolitical issues affecting the market [5][7][11] - Different industries and varieties have different supply and demand situations and price trends, and investment strategies need to be adjusted according to specific circumstances [1][5][7] - Attention should be paid to policy changes, inventory levels, and seasonal factors, and risk control should be strengthened [7][19][20] Summary by Directory Macro-finance - Index futures: The U.S. trade policy and domestic policies affect the market, and it is recommended to defend during the holiday [5] - Treasury bonds: Pay attention to the official PMI data in April, and the current interest rate trading needs to pay more attention to the safety margin [5] Black building materials - Rebar: The price is expected to fluctuate, and attention should be paid to the implementation of production restriction policies [7] - Iron ore: The price is expected to be weak in oscillation, and attention should be paid to the 720 pressure level [8] - Coking coal and coke: The market is expected to fluctuate, and attention should be paid to the changes in blast furnace hot metal production and steel mill raw material inventory digestion rhythm [9][10] Non-ferrous metals - Copper: The price is expected to be strong in oscillation, and it is recommended to trade cautiously within a range [11] - Aluminum: It is recommended to wait and see, and the main contract is expected to run in the range of 19,200 - 20,000 [13] - Nickel: It is recommended to wait and see or short on rallies, and the main contract is expected to run in the range of 122,000 - 129,000 yuan/ton [15] - Tin: The price is expected to fluctuate, and it is recommended to trade within a range, with the reference range of 250,000 - 273,000 yuan/ton for the SHFE tin 06 contract [16] - Gold and silver: The price is expected to be in an adjustment state, and it is recommended to wait for the price to fully correct before building positions, with the reference range of 760 - 802 for the SHFE gold 06 contract and 7,800 - 8,600 for the SHFE silver 06 contract [17][18] Energy and chemicals - PVC: The price is expected to fluctuate, and attention should be paid to the progress of tariff negotiations and the intensity of domestic stimulus policies [19] - Caustic soda: The price is expected to be weak in oscillation, and attention should be paid to the delivery situation of the 05 contract and the inventory removal situation [20] - Rubber: The price is expected to fluctuate, and attention should be paid to the supply situation after the start of tapping [21][22] - Urea: It is recommended to operate within a range, and the 09 contract is expected to run in the range of 1,730 - 1,850 [24] - Methanol: It is recommended to operate within a range, and the 09 contract is expected to run in the range of 2,200 - 2,350 [26] - Plastic: The price is expected to be low in oscillation in the short term, and attention should be paid to downstream demand, the subsequent impact of the Iranian port, and the tariff game [28] - Soda ash: It is recommended to hold short call options, and the price is expected to be weak in oscillation [28] Cotton textile industry chain - Cotton: The Trump tariff policy is uncertain, and it is recommended to wait and see in the near term [29] - Apples: The price is expected to strengthen in oscillation, but attention should be paid to macro risks [29][30] - PTA: The price is expected to be weak in oscillation, and attention should be paid to the 4,200 support level [30] Agricultural and livestock products - Pigs: The price is expected to fluctuate within a range, and it is recommended to sell out-of-the-money call options on rallies [31][32] - Eggs: It is recommended to be short on rallies, and the 06 contract is recommended to hold a light position during the holiday [33][34] - Corn: It is recommended to go long on dips, and attention should be paid to the 2,400 pressure level and the 2,280 - 2,300 support level for the 07 contract [34][36] - Soybean meal: It is recommended to be short on rallies in the short term and long on dips in the long term, and attention should be paid to the 2,900 support level [36][37] - Oils: It is recommended to be cautious about chasing up, and attention should be paid to the 7,800 - 8,000, 8,300 - 8,400, and 9,600 pressure levels [38][43]

交易咨询业务资格：证监许可【2012】1091号 PTA&MEG早报-2025年4月28日 大越期货投资咨询部 金泽彬 投资咨询资格证号：Z0015557 联系方式：0575-85226759 重要提示：本报告非期货交易咨询业务项下服务，其中的观点和信息仅作参考之用，不构成对任何人的投资建议。 我司不会因为关注、收到或阅读本报告内容而视相关人员为客户；市场有风险，投资需谨慎。 CONTENTS 目 录 1 前日回顾 2 每日提示 3 4 今日关注 基本面数据 5 PTA 每日观点 PTA： 1、基本面：周五，市场交易重心转移至5月，贸易商商谈为主。个别主流供应商有出货。4月底少量在05+15~20有成交，个别 略高在05+30。5月上主流在09+40附近成交，个别略低在09+20~30成交，略高在09+45成交，5月底在09+45有成交。5月中下个 别主流供应商在09+35~50有成交。今日主流现货基差在05+19。中性 5、主力持仓：净空 空减 偏空 6、预期：PTA自身装置检修兑现下延续去库，但下游终端需求仍受美国关税影响，且随着仓单流出PTA现货市场流通性尚可， 短期内PTA现货基差上行受阻，价格则跟随 ...