黑色建材日报 2025-08-25 钢材 黑色建材组 陈张滢 从业资格号：F03098415 交易咨询号：Z0020771 0755-23375161 chenzy@wkqh.cn 郎志杰 从业资格号：F3030112 0755-23375125 langzj@wkqh.cn 万林新 从业资格号：F03133967 0755-23375162 wanlx@wkqh.cn 赵 航 从业资格号：F03133652 0755-23375155 zhao3@wkqh.cn 螺纹钢主力合约下午收盘价为 3119 元/吨, 较上一交易日跌 2 元/吨（-0.06%）。当日注册仓单 157733 吨, 环比增加 21323 吨。主力合约持仓量为 141.1603 万手，环比减少 46508 手。现货市场方面, 螺纹钢天津 汇总价格为 3270 元/吨, 环比减少 10/吨; 上海汇总价格为 3280 元/吨, 环比减少 20 元/吨。 热轧板卷主 力合约收盘价为 3361 元/吨, 较上一交易日跌 14 元/吨（-0.41%）。 当日注册仓单 32215 吨, 环比减少 1777 吨。主力合约持仓量为 99.8147 万手 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent meeting held by six departments, including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, signals a strong commitment to regulate competition in the photovoltaic industry and combat "involution" in the market [1] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The average transaction price for N-type polysilicon has increased to 47,900 yuan/ton, reflecting a week-on-week rise of 1.05%, while N-type granular silicon reached 46,000 yuan/ton, up 3.37% week-on-week [1] - Major polysilicon manufacturers are implementing production cuts, which is alleviating market supply pressure and leading to expectations of continued price increases [1] - The overall polysilicon supply is further constrained by manufacturers controlling shipments, resulting in increased purchasing demand from downstream buyers who are anticipating price hikes [1] Group 2: Inventory and Production - Despite the optimistic outlook, there are concerns regarding inventory levels, with an expected increase of approximately 20,000 tons in polysilicon inventory during August and September [1][2] - In August, polysilicon production is projected to reach between 125,000 and 130,000 tons, which may lead to rising inventory pressure [1] Group 3: Pricing Trends - The price of silicon wafers has remained stable, with average transaction prices for 183N, 210RN, and 210N silicon wafers holding steady at 1.20 yuan/piece, 1.35 yuan/piece, and 1.55 yuan/piece respectively [2] - The market sentiment for silicon wafers is positive due to recent policy advancements, but the weak end-demand is limiting the acceptance of high-priced orders [2][3] - Some silicon wafer manufacturers have begun to slightly increase prices, with new quotes for 183N at 1.25 yuan/piece, 210RN at 1.40 yuan/piece, and 210N at 1.60 yuan/piece, contingent on downstream acceptance [2] Group 4: Cell and Module Market - The average transaction prices for battery cells remain unchanged, with 183N, 210RN, and 210N cells priced at 0.29 yuan/W, 0.285 yuan/W, and 0.285 yuan/W respectively [3] - The module market is experiencing weak demand, with new orders being limited and primarily focused on fulfilling previous contracts, leading to lower overall transaction prices [3] - Recent bidding prices for modules range from 0.68 yuan/W to 0.75 yuan/W, indicating a need for careful observation of policy implementation to gauge market recovery [3]

黑色建材日报 2025-08-21 钢材 黑色建材组 陈张滢 从业资格号：F03098415 交易咨询号：Z0020771 0755-23375161 chenzy@wkqh.cn 郎志杰 从业资格号：F3030112 0755-23375125 langzj@wkqh.cn 万林新 从业资格号：F03133967 0755-23375162 wanlx@wkqh.cn 赵 航 从业资格号：F03133652 0755-23375155 zhao3@wkqh.cn 8 月 20 日，铁合金延续下行。锰硅主力（切换成 SM601 合约）日内收跌 1.32%，收盘报 5836 元/吨。现货 端，天津 6517 锰硅现货市场报价 5800 元/吨，环比上日持稳，折盘面 5990 吨，升水盘面 154 元/吨。硅铁 主力（SF511 合约）日内收跌 0.99%，收盘报 5622 元/吨。现货端，天津 72#硅铁现货市场报价 5830 元/吨， 环比上日持稳，升水盘面 208 元/吨。 盘面角度，锰硅盘面价格跌破 6 月初以来的短期反弹趋势线，且跌破 5850 元/吨附近获得支撑，向下或寻 找 5600-5650 元/ ...

Group 1 - The domestic futures market for energy and chemicals showed mixed results, with paraxylene (PX) futures experiencing a slight increase, reaching a high of 6852.0 CNY/ton, reflecting a rise of approximately 1.70% [1] - Recent supply of PX has increased, while PTA operating rates remain stable, leading to a marginal weakening of PX fundamentals. However, terminal demand is expected to recover seasonally in August and September, with an anticipated increase in polyester operating rates [1] - Overall, while terminal demand shows marginal improvement and short-term supply-demand dynamics provide some support, PX valuations have risen significantly since the beginning of the year, suggesting limited upward potential and a likely period of volatility ahead, particularly in the fourth quarter [1] Group 2 - The decline in crude oil prices has led to an overall correction in the energy and chemical sector, with PTA facilities experiencing reduced production due to low processing fees, resulting in limited recovery [2] - Despite the recent tightening of PX supply, the PX-N price spread remains robust at 254 USD, while PX prices in the external market have seen a slight rebound to 833 USD, indicating a continued volatile market environment [2] - The market is expected to remain in a state of fluctuation as stakeholders await changes in PTA facility operations [2]

Group 1 - The overall macro expectations, both domestic and international, are being adjusted downwards, leading to a more rational market sentiment [1] - Weak terminal demand is anticipated, which is expected to put pressure on copper prices in the short term [1] - The main trading range for Shanghai copper futures is projected to be between 78,500 and 79,600 yuan per ton [1] Group 2 - The recommended strategy is to adopt a wait-and-see approach or engage in range trading [1]

Report Summary 1. Industry Investment Ratings No industry investment ratings are provided in the reports. 2. Core Views - The current coal - coke market is oscillating due to cost support, emotional resilience, and a weak supply - demand balance. Without new negative factors, coal prices may continue to oscillate [1]. - After the US - Russia talks, the risk - aversion sentiment has cooled. Coupled with the Fed's interest - rate cut, gold is expected to be oscillating with a downward bias in the medium term [1]. - Due to the off - season of high temperature and heavy rain and the sluggish real estate market, the steel market's supply - demand pressure has increased in the short term, and steel prices may oscillate weakly. However, the supply - demand pressure may ease around late August and early September, and the price movement range may be limited [3]. - The supply of iron ore may increase, demand may slightly rise, and the inventory may slightly decrease. Therefore, iron ore prices are expected to oscillate [3]. - The significant increase in US sales data and PPI has led to a revision of the expected interest - rate cut, but the probability of a September rate cut remains above 80%. The falling US dollar index supports precious metals, and silver is expected to oscillate with an upward bias [4]. - The short - term supply of live pigs exceeds demand. It is recommended to go long at low prices and set stop - loss and take - profit levels. Pig farmers can choose to sell for hedging according to the slaughter schedule [4]. - The export of Malaysian palm oil has increased, and affected by the plantation investigation in Indonesia, palm oil prices have broken through previous highs. The domestic market shows high - level oscillation [5]. - The short - term spot price of soybean meal will experience a phased correction, while the medium - to - long - term price center will gradually rise [7]. - The domestic soda ash market price is oscillating at a low level, with high supply and tepid demand. The 01 contract is expected to oscillate in the short term [7]. - The domestic methanol market has high - level inventory accumulation. The 01 contract is expected to oscillate weakly in the short term [8]. - For short - term national bonds, it is recommended to go long on short - term bonds and short long - term bonds. National bonds are expected to oscillate with a downward bias [9]. - The polypropylene market is in weak consolidation, and the 01 contract is expected to oscillate in the short term [9]. - Crude oil has no upward momentum in the short term and should be treated with a downward - oscillating view [11]. - The supply - demand situation of PX has a marginal weakening. PX prices are expected to oscillate with a downward bias [12]. - The asphalt market's supply is stable, but demand cannot be effectively released due to rainfall and funding shortages. The overall fundamentals have weakened [12]. 3. Summary by Commodity Coal and Coke - **Coking Coal**: Independent coking enterprises' capacity utilization is 74.34% (+0.31%), daily coke output is 65.38 (+0.28), coke inventory is 62.51 (-7.22), coking coal total inventory is 976.88 (-11.04), and coking coal available days are 11.2 days (-0.18 days) [1]. Metals - **Rebar**: 247 steel mills' blast furnace operating rate is 83.59% (-0.16 ppts), blast furnace iron - making capacity utilization is 90.22% (+0.13 ppts), steel mill profitability is 65.8% (-2.60 ppts), and daily hot - metal output is 240.66 tons (+0.34 tons, +11.89 tons YoY) [3]. - **Iron Ore**: The total inventory of imported iron ore at 45 ports is 13819.27 tons (+107.00 tons), daily port clearance volume is 334.67 tons (+12.82 tons), and the number of ships at ports is 93 (-12) [3]. - **Silver**: US retail sales in July increased by 0.5% MoM, and the year - on - year increase reached 3.9%. After inflation adjustment, the real retail sales increased by 1.2% YoY, achieving positive growth for ten consecutive months [4]. Agricultural Products - **Live Pigs**: As of August 15, the average slaughter weight of live pigs is 123.23 kg (-0.09 kg), the weekly slaughter operating rate is 28.37% (+0.16%), the profit of purchasing piglets for breeding is - 204.05 yuan/pig (-17.142.97 yuan/pig), the profit of self - breeding and self - raising is 11.83 yuan/pig (-15.59 yuan/pig), and the price of piglets is 383.33 yuan/pig (-30.48 yuan/pig) [4]. - **Palm Oil**: From August 1 to 15, the export volume of Malaysian palm oil is expected to be 724191 tons, a 16.5% increase compared to the same period last month [5]. - **Soybean Meal**: As of August 15, the inventory days of soybean meal in domestic feed enterprises are 8.35 days (-0.02 days MoM, +9.21% YoY) [7]. Chemicals - **Soda Ash**: The national mainstream price of heavy - grade soda ash is 1326 yuan/ton, the weekly output is 76.13 tons (+2.24% WoW), the total inventory of soda ash manufacturers is 189.38 tons (+1.54% WoW), the operating rate of float glass is 75.34% (+0.15% WoW), the average price of national float glass is 1160 yuan/ton (-4 yuan/ton DoD), and the total inventory of national float glass sample enterprises is 6342.6 million heavy - boxes (+2.55% WoW) [7]. - **Methanol**: The port sample inventory of Chinese methanol is 102.18 tons (+9.63 tons WoW), the sample production enterprise inventory is 29.56 tons (+0.19 tons WoW), the sample enterprise orders to be delivered are 21.94 tons (-2.14 tons WoW), the market price of methanol in Jiangsu Taicang is 2325 yuan/ton (-25 yuan/ton), the methanol capacity utilization rate is 82.4% (+0.97% WoW), and the downstream total capacity utilization rate is 72.36% (-0.34% WoW) [8]. - **Polypropylene**: The mainstream price of East China stretch - grade polypropylene is 7051 yuan/ton (-5 yuan/ton), the polypropylene capacity utilization rate is 76.92% (-1.58% DoD), the average operating rate of downstream industries is 49.35% (+0.45 ppts WoW), the commercial inventory of polypropylene is 82.72 tons (-2.92 tons WoW), and the inventory of two major oil companies' polyolefins is 76.5 tons (-1 ton WoW) [9]. - **PX**: The load of the Chinese PX industry has increased by 3.2% to 84.3(+2.3)%, and the load of the Asian PX industry has increased by 0.2% to 73.6% [12]. - **Asphalt**: As of August 13, the operating rate of domestic asphalt sample enterprises is 32.9% (+1.2% WoW). As of August 15, the weekly inventory of domestic asphalt is 58.5 tons (+3 tons WoW), the sample factory inventory is 71.1 tons (+3.2 tons WoW), and the domestic social inventory of asphalt is 134.3 tons (-2.4 tons WoW) [12]. Energy - **Crude Oil**: As of August 15, the number of US online drilling oil wells is 412, an increase of 1 compared to the previous week and a decrease of 71 compared to the same period last year [11].

Core Viewpoint - The current consumption shortfall in China is a structural deviation that requires investment policies and funding to stimulate consumption and create new momentum for stable growth and transformation [2][3][4]. Consumption Shortfall - China's economic recovery faces severe challenges due to insufficient demand, primarily stemming from low consumption rather than investment [3]. - The consumption rate in China is comparatively low, indicating a structural deviation, particularly in service consumption related to education, healthcare, housing, social security, and elderly care [3][4]. - The largest gap in consumption is found among rural residents, especially among nearly 300 million migrant workers and 200 million rural workers who have moved to cities [3][4]. Concept of "Terminal Demand" - The concept of "terminal demand" combines consumption and non-productive investment, focusing on real estate and infrastructure related to people's livelihoods [4]. - Historical rapid growth in real estate and infrastructure has led to overextension, contributing to current economic challenges such as low prices and nominal growth below actual growth [4][5]. Policy Recommendations - Investment policies should focus on stimulating consumption to address the low consumption ratio, aiming to raise the consumption share of GDP to a reasonable level as a hard task for stable growth [8][9]. - Structural reforms should target low-income groups to enhance their consumption capacity, particularly in essential service sectors [9][10]. Structural Reforms - Three key areas for structural reform include: 1. Addressing housing shortages for migrant workers by allowing local governments to use special bonds to acquire unsold housing for affordable housing projects [10]. 2. Reforming the pension system to ensure coverage for all residents, aiming to gradually increase pension income to 1,000 yuan/month over five years [11][12]. 3. Promoting a second wave of urbanization by facilitating the smooth flow of production factors between urban and rural areas, targeting the development of small and medium-sized towns [13].

记者丨卜羽勤 编辑丨曾芳 消费不足是一种结构性偏差 "近年来我国经济增长疫后复苏、回升向好，也面临需求不足的严峻挑战。需求不足主要不是 投资不足，而是消费不足。"刘世锦认为，不论从国际比较、发展阶段还是消费结构来看，我 国消费率均处于偏低水平，这种状况可被称之是一种结构性偏差。 他具体指出，消费不足主要体现在服务消费的不足，重点是教育、医疗、保障性住房、社 保、养老等与基本公共服务相关的发展型消费不足；消费不足最大的缺口在于农村居民，重 点是近三亿农民工、近两亿进城农民工；消费不足实质上还是由来已久的城乡二元结构问 题，要通过以人为中心、发展权利平等的城市化和城乡融合发展为主线的结构性改革找到破 题之道。 为此，他提出了一个"终端需求"的概念，即消费+非生产性投资，后者主要是与民生相关的房 地产和基础设施建设。 刘世锦认为，过去相当长时间内，房地产和基建高速增长，从国际比较看，实际上存在着超 前和透支的问题。 当前中国经济面临诸多挑战，包括价格低迷、名义增长低于实际增长等， 根源都指向终端需求不足。解决消费比重过低问题，把终端需求提到合理水平，就有了经济 运行的源头活水 。 8月16日，由南方财经全媒体集团指 ...

Core Viewpoint - The current consumption shortfall in China is identified as a structural deviation that needs to be addressed through investment policies and funding to stimulate consumption and create new momentum for stable growth and transformation [2][5]. Group 1: Consumption Shortfall - The consumption shortfall is primarily due to insufficient service consumption, particularly in education, healthcare, affordable housing, social security, and elderly care [2]. - The largest gap in consumption is found among rural residents, especially among nearly 300 million migrant workers and 200 million rural-to-urban migrants [2]. - The structural issue of urban-rural duality must be addressed through reforms focused on human-centered urbanization and equal development rights [2]. Group 2: Investment and Policy Recommendations - The concept of "terminal demand" is introduced, which combines consumption with non-productive investment related to people's livelihoods, such as real estate and infrastructure [2]. - There is a need to shift the focus of stimulus policies towards enhancing consumption, with a target to raise the consumption share of GDP to a reasonable level as a hard task for stable growth [5][6]. Group 3: Structural Reforms - Three key areas for structural reform are proposed to effectively boost consumption: 1. Addressing housing shortages for new urban residents, particularly migrant workers, through the acquisition of unsold housing and the construction of new affordable housing [7]. 2. Reforming the rural residents' pension insurance system to cover a larger population and improve pension income, aiming for a monthly pension of 1,000 yuan within five years [8]. 3. Promoting the smooth flow of production factors between urban and rural areas to drive a second wave of urbanization, targeting a 75% urbanization rate and doubling the middle-income group within a decade [9].

21世纪经济报道记者卜羽勤 上海报道 8月16日，由南方财经全媒体集团指导，《21世纪经济报道》主办、浦发银行联合主办的"2025资产管理年会"在上海浦东隆重举 办。 在上午的年会上，十三届全国政协经济委员会副主任、国务院发展研究中心原副主任刘世锦以"实行有效扩大消费方针，形成稳 增长促转型的新动能"为主题发表了主旨演讲。他认为，现阶段我国消费不足是一种结构性偏差，要用抓投资的政策力度和资金 投入去抓消费，减少消费不足的结构性偏差，形成稳增长促转型的新动能。 消费不足是一种结构性偏差 "近年来我国经济增长疫后复苏、回升向好，也面临需求不足的严峻挑战。需求不足主要不是投资不足，而是消费不足。"刘世 锦认为，不论从国际比较、发展阶段还是消费结构来看，我国消费率均处于偏低水平，这种状况可被称之是一种结构性偏差。 用抓投资的政策力度和资金投入去抓消费 近期我国在创新领域呈现出令人鼓舞的新气象，如DeepSeek、人形机器人等新兴技术的兴起。刘世锦认为，这些提升的是经济 增长的高度，即社会要素生产率的提升，它主要由技术创新、体制改革、对外开放等推动。 但是，目前更为紧迫的是增长宽度问题，它指的是全部社会成员中不同部分在 ...