证券研究报告 | 行业周报 gszqdatemark 2025 11 22 年 月 日 钢铁 商品短期震荡蓄势 行情回顾（11.17-11.21）： 中信钢铁指数报收 1,859.25 点，下跌 7.02%，跑输沪深 300 指数 3.25pct， 位列 30 个中信一级板块涨跌幅榜第 26 位。 重点领域分析： 投资策略：本周市场向下调整，近期股票和商品整体处于震荡之中。前期 部分行业和公司有短期高增的线性外推风险，主要是一些小市值公司整体 估值很高，但这些结构性矛盾总市值占比不算大，市场整体处于合理范围 内，今年很多大公司的估值提升不少，但仍比较理性。行业上四季度经济 较前三季度大概率有所回落，但失速概率不大，对冲的措施主要是执行上 半年宣布的 5000 亿政策性金融工具。转型期经济呈现窄幅震荡的态势， 更多着力解决结构性问题。短期消费出口增速不错，财政发力就会放缓， 如果短期消费出口低迷，财政政策就会发力托底，保持经济的稳定性。这 个阶段对于钢铁工业更多着眼于供给变化，过去多年资本回报低迷本身就 是供给调整的重要条件。如果行政性收缩力度加大，会加快行业盈利均值 回归的速度。今年钢铁行业虽然有限产计划，但 ...

来源：市场资讯 （来源：煤炭视界） 红树梁煤矿核增产能获批 宏丰公司高度重视核增产能置换工作，为加快产能置换跑办进度，成立专班工作组，详细调研产能置换 准备要件和审批流程，结合产能指标来源唐山和蔚州区域5个退出核减产能矿井实际，积极争取集团公 司及兄弟单位的支持，主动对接河北省发改委、河北省应急厅，缩短审查确认时间，6月底顺利取得退 出煤矿产能指标。7月份，该公司仅用23天，置换方案顺利通过属地旗、市、自治区三级政府部门审 查，上报至国家发改委，10月底最终取得国家发改委的批复确认。 下一步，宏丰公司在千万吨核增产能环评和产能置换方案取得批复的基础上，尽快完成矿井生产能力由 500万吨/年变更为1000万吨/年的要素公告。届时，红树梁煤矿千万吨核增手续全部完成。 11月上旬全国煤炭价格大幅上涨 国家统计局公布的数据显示，11月上旬，全国各煤种价格均呈涨势，涨幅依旧较大。各煤种具体价格变 化情况如下： 无烟煤（洗中块，挥发份≤8%）价格949.5元/吨，较上期上涨45.5元/吨，涨幅5.0%。 普通混煤（山西粉煤与块煤的混合煤，热值4500大卡）价格611.8元/吨，较上期上涨24.4元/吨，涨幅 4.2%。 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for several steel companies, including Hualing Steel, Nanjing Steel, Baosteel, and New Steel [8][9][10]. Core Viewpoints - The steel sector has shown a strong performance this year, with a year-to-date increase of over 30%, ranking 7th among Shenwan's primary industries [2]. - The report highlights that the average daily pig iron production has increased to 236.9 thousand tons, while steel production has decreased [11]. - The total inventory of steel has decreased, with a week-on-week decline of 1.7%, indicating a tightening supply [23]. - Apparent steel consumption has shown a slight decline, with a week-on-week decrease of 0.7% [52]. - The report notes that iron ore prices have strengthened, influenced by reduced shipments from Australia and Brazil [49]. Summary by Sections Market Review - The CITIC Steel Index closed at 1,999.70 points, up 0.83%, outperforming the CSI 300 Index by 1.91 percentage points [1][94]. Supply Analysis - Daily pig iron production increased by 2.8 thousand tons, while steel production has decreased, particularly in rebar [11][17]. - The capacity utilization rate for 247 steel mills is reported at 88.8%, reflecting a slight increase [17]. Inventory Analysis - The total inventory of five major steel products decreased to 1,061.4 million tons, down 1.3% week-on-week [25]. - Steel mill inventories also saw a decline, with a 2.9% reduction [25]. Demand Analysis - Apparent consumption of five major steel products decreased by 0.7% week-on-week, with rebar demand dropping more significantly [40][52]. - The average weekly transaction volume for construction steel was 100 thousand tons, reflecting a 3.9% increase [41]. Price and Profitability - The report indicates a slight increase in steel prices, with the Myspic comprehensive steel price index rising to 121.2, up 0.1% week-on-week [75]. - Current costs for long-process rebar and hot-rolled coils are reported at 3,518 yuan/ton and 3,744 yuan/ton, respectively, with negative margins [75][76].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints - Steel mills' profitability has continued to decline, falling below 40% this week. Pig iron production has slightly decreased due to the decline in steel mills' profitability and is expected to continue this downward trend. The demand for ferroalloys is expected to decline, and the inventory of the five major steel products has increased more than seasonally. Ferroalloys also have high inventory levels, facing significant pressure to reduce inventory. After the macro - sentiment settles, ferroalloys will return to the fundamentals of high inventory and weak demand, but the price will be supported by the cost side. It is expected that ferroalloys will fluctuate [5]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Ferroalloy Price Range Forecast - **Silicon iron**: The monthly price range is predicted to be 5300 - 6000, with a current 20 - day rolling volatility of 12.75% and a 3 - year historical percentile of 18.8% [3]. - **Silicon manganese**: The monthly price range is predicted to be 5300 - 6000, with a current 20 - day rolling volatility of 9.62% and a 3 - year historical percentile of 4.4% [3]. 3.2 Ferroalloy Hedging - **Inventory management**: When the finished product inventory is high and there is concern about a decline in ferroalloy prices, for a long - position in the spot market, it is recommended to sell SF2601 and SM2601 futures contracts with a hedging ratio of 15%. The suggested entry range is SF: 6200 - 6250 and SM: 6400 - 6500 [3]. - **Procurement management**: When the procurement of regular inventory is low and there is a need to purchase according to orders, for a short - position in the spot market, it is recommended to buy SF2601 and SM2601 futures contracts with a hedging ratio of 25%. The suggested entry range is SF: 5200 - 5300 and SM: 5300 - 5400 [3]. 3.3 Core Contradictions - **Contradiction between high inventory and weak demand**: Ferroalloy production profits are gradually declining, and the market has low expectations for further production increases. Downstream demand is about to enter the off - season, and ferroalloy inventory is at a high level. Both silicon iron and silicon manganese enterprise inventories are at their highest levels in the past 5 years. Silicon manganese enterprise inventory has increased by 1.5% month - on - month, and silicon iron enterprise inventory has increased by 9.3% month - on - month, facing significant inventory pressure [4]. - **Challenge of cost support**: Recently, the correlation between coking coal prices and ferroalloy prices has been gradually weakening. The increase in coking coal prices has not driven up ferroalloy prices [4]. - **Contradiction between anti - involution expectations and weak reality**: The anti - involution tone remains, and the market still has some enthusiasm. There are still certain expectations for supply - side contraction, but the high inventory of ferroalloys and weak downstream demand remain unchanged. The market's long - and short - term logic lies in the game between strong expectations and weak reality, and there is a high risk of a price increase followed by a decline due to the lack of substantial action [4]. 3.4利多 and 利空解读 - **Positive factors**: The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has solicited public opinions on the "Implementation Measures for Capacity Replacement in the Iron and Steel Industry (Draft for Comment)", which mentions that the capacity replacement ratio for ironmaking and steelmaking in each province (autonomous region, municipality) should be no less than 1.5:1. The fourth round of price increases for coke has started. In October, China exported 828,000 vehicles, and from January to October, the cumulative export was 6.513 million vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 23.3%. In October, China exported 443 ships, and from January to October, the cumulative export was 5660 ships, a cumulative year - on - year increase of 20.5%. In the first 10 months, China's exports of mechanical and electrical products reached 13.43 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7% [6]. - **Negative factors**: The steel market is in the peak season but with weak performance. The profitability of steel mills has declined significantly, and the negative feedback pressure is gradually increasing. Pig iron production has continued to decline. The coil and plate segment still has high inventory and high production. Although production has decreased month - on - month, it is still at the highest level in the same period in the past 5 years. The consumption side lacks driving force, and the inventory has increased more than seasonally, reaching the highest level in the same period in the past 5 years. Recently, Thailand has launched an anti - dumping investigation on domestic steel plates [6]. 3.5 Daily Data - **Silicon iron**: On November 10, 2025, the basis in Ningxia was - 26, with a daily increase of 60 and a weekly decrease of 56. The warehouse receipts were 7197, with a daily increase of 1498 and a weekly increase of 2688 [6]. - **Silicon manganese**: On November 10, 2025, the basis in Inner Mongolia was 210, with a daily increase of 38 and a weekly decrease of 28. The warehouse receipts were 16357, with a daily increase of 1999 and a weekly increase of 6337 [7][8].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the steel industry, indicating a positive outlook for selected companies [7]. Core Insights - The steel industry is currently experiencing a recovery from undervaluation, with significant potential for price and profit improvement as supply-side policies are implemented [2]. - The report highlights that the average daily pig iron production has decreased, while inventory reduction has slowed down, indicating a tightening supply [3][26]. - Demand for steel products has shown a decline in apparent consumption, particularly in rebar and hot-rolled coil, reflecting a temporary market adjustment [43]. - The report emphasizes the continued high growth rate of steel exports, with a net export increase of 7.6% year-on-year, suggesting robust international demand [4][14]. - The report identifies key companies that are expected to benefit from the current market conditions, including Hualing Steel, Nanjing Steel, Baosteel, and New Steel [2][10]. Summary by Sections Supply - Daily pig iron production has decreased by 21,000 tons to 2.342 million tons, with a reduction in production from long-process steelmaking [13]. - The capacity utilization rate for 247 domestic steel mills is at 87.8%, down 0.8 percentage points from the previous week [19]. Inventory - Total steel inventory has seen a reduced decline, with a week-on-week drop of 0.7%, indicating a tighter market [26]. - The social inventory of five major steel products stands at 10.75 million tons, down 0.2% week-on-week but up 29.8% year-on-year [28]. Demand - Apparent consumption of five major steel products has decreased by 5.4% week-on-week, with rebar consumption down by 5.9% [54]. - Weekly average transaction volume for construction steel has fallen to 96,000 tons, a decrease of 7.6% [44]. Raw Materials - Iron ore prices have declined, with the Platts 62% iron ore price index at $102.1 per ton, down 5.0% week-on-week [64]. - The report notes an increase in port iron ore inventory, suggesting a potential oversupply situation [53]. Prices and Profits - The comprehensive steel price index has decreased by 1.1% week-on-week, with current rebar prices in Beijing at 3,190 RMB per ton [76]. - The report indicates that the immediate gross profit margins for long-process rebar and hot-rolled coil remain relatively stable despite price fluctuations [76].

Group 1: Report Information - Report Type: Black Metal Weekly Report [1] - Date: November 7, 2025 [2] - Research Team: Zhai Hepan, Nie Jiayi, Feng Zeren [4] Group 2: Black Variety Strategy Recommendations RB2601 - Latest Price: 3034 - Strategy Direction: Oscillate Strongly - Dominant Factors: New environmental protection and production restriction draft released, steel mills' production reduction rhythm accelerating, large demand decline, slowdown in social inventory destocking, iron ore price decline, continued strength of coking coal prices, favorable industrial policies, positive macro - economic expectations, temporary suspension of trade war disturbances, and medium - long - term anti - involution [6] HC2601 - Latest Price: 3245 - Strategy Direction: Oscillate Weakly - Dominant Factors: Decline in both production and apparent demand of five major steel products, continuous decline in daily average hot metal output for 6 weeks with an enlarged decline recently, continuous narrowing of steel mills' profits suppressing production enthusiasm and affecting raw material demand, and steel mills maintaining on - demand restocking [6] I2601 - Latest Price: 760.5 - Strategy Direction: Oscillate Weakly - Dominant Factors: Similar to HC2601 [6] Group 3: Unilateral Logic Basis RB2601 and HC2601 - Message: On October 24, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released a new draft of the "Implementation Measures for Capacity Replacement in the Iron and Steel Industry", with stricter requirements on replacement ratios than the 2021 version. Also, it proposed restrictions on capacity replacement between different enterprises in the future [7] - Fundamentals: Steel mills' production reduction rhythm is accelerating, but due to large demand decline, social inventory destocking slows down. Iron ore prices have fallen since late October, while coking coal prices remain strong, and steel costs are still resilient. Steel futures are expected to have limited downside space, and may rebound in mid - to - late November [7][8] I2601 - Supply: Australian and Brazilian shipments have declined, and arrivals have rebounded after two weeks of low levels. Near - term arrivals are expected to be high, and the first shipment of iron ore from Simandou in Guinea in November may suppress far - month contracts. - Demand: Daily average hot metal output has continuously declined, and steel production and demand have decreased. Steel mills are restocking on - demand, and port inventory is accumulating [9] Group 4: Steel Analysis Fundamentals - Price: Some prices of major rebar and hot - rolled coil spot markets declined in the week of November 7 [11] - Production: Blast furnace capacity utilization rate and crude steel output of key enterprises, daily average hot metal output, and production of five major steel products all decreased. Steel mills' inventory of rebar and hot - rolled coils decreased [12][15] - Inventory: Rebar social inventory in 35 cities decreased for 4 consecutive weeks, while hot - rolled coil social inventory in 33 cities increased [18] - Demand: Real estate investment decreased year - on - year, while automobile, metal - cutting machine tool, and shipbuilding production increased year - on - year [18] - Apparent Consumption and Profit: Apparent consumption of rebar and hot - rolled coils declined, and rebar contract's disk profit showed an expanding loss [21] - Spot Gross Margin: Spot gross margin of long - process and short - process steel mills' rebar showed expanding losses [25] Conclusions and Recommendations - Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coils: Downside space is limited. Consider buying hedging or investment in large basis intervals, or arbitrage strategies. Pay attention to spot market resilience and production data [25][28] - Basis: Rebar basis is expected to oscillate between 120 - 180 yuan/ton, and hot - rolled coil basis is expected to oscillate between 0 - 40 yuan/ton [29][31] Group 5: Iron Ore Analysis Fundamentals - Price and Spread: 62% Platts iron ore index and Qingdao Port 61.5% PB powder price decreased. Spreads between some high - grade, low - grade ores and PB powder changed [32] - Inventory and Ship - unloading Volume: 45 - port iron ore inventory accumulated rapidly, daily average ship - unloading volume increased, and steel mills' imported ore inventory available days remained at 21 days [35] - Shipment and Arrival: Australian and Brazilian shipments decreased, and arrivals increased. Near - term arrivals are expected to be high [39] - Domestic Production and Capacity Utilization: Domestic iron ore production decreased year - on - year, and domestic mine capacity utilization rate decreased [47] - Port Trading Volume and Hot Metal Cost: Port trading volume increased, and the average hot metal cost of 64 sample steel mills increased [49] - Hot Metal Output, Blast Furnace Operation: Daily average hot metal output decreased, blast furnace capacity utilization rate decreased, and blast furnace operation rate increased. Steel enterprises' profitability decreased [52] - Steel Production and Inventory: Production and consumption of five major steel products decreased, and total inventory decreased [54] - Transportation Cost: Major iron ore freight prices increased, and BDI and BCI indices rose [59] Conclusions and Recommendations - Iron Ore: Supply has an increasing expectation, demand is weak, and the price is expected to be weak. Consider the "long rebar, short iron ore" arbitrage strategy [64][65] - Basis: The basis between Qingdao Port iron ore spot price and iron ore futures 2601 contract is expected to oscillate between 40 - 100 yuan/ton [65]

Group 1: Market Trends - In October, rebar and hot-rolled coil prices showed a trend of initially declining and then rebounding, driven by high inventory and weak demand in the first half, followed by macroeconomic improvements and inventory destocking in the latter half [1] - Looking ahead to November, demand may weaken marginally due to seasonal factors, but the extent is expected to be limited, with five major steel products likely to continue destocking [1] Group 2: Production and Capacity - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology revised the capacity replacement implementation measures, tightening the replacement ratio requirements, indicating that steel production capacity will face strict constraints in the medium to long term [2] - Daily molten iron output decreased from 2.4181 million tons at the beginning of October to 2.3636 million tons by the end of the month, with expectations of further declines in November due to demand expectations and profit conditions [2] Group 3: Export Performance - From January to September 2025, China's cumulative steel exports reached 98.6964 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 17.14%, with September exports at 11.9593 million tons [3] - The export willingness of steel mills has increased due to a lack of significant domestic demand growth, and it is expected that direct steel exports will remain at a high level in November and December [3] Group 4: Domestic Demand - Overall domestic demand remains stable, with real estate demand for steel continuing to be weak, but infrastructure steel demand may see some recovery towards the end of the year [4] - Manufacturing investment showed a year-on-year growth of 4% from January to September 2025, indicating resilience in the sector [4] Group 5: Inventory Dynamics - Steel prices rebounded in July and August due to policy support, leading to high inventory levels for rebar and hot-rolled coils, but inventory destocking has been slow in September and October [5] - The last two weeks of October saw a resumption of destocking for rebar, suggesting that inventory pressure may gradually ease in November [5] Group 6: Raw Material Support - Raw material prices are expected to remain strong in November, driven by downstream restocking expectations, with low coal and coke inventories and slow recovery in domestic supply [6] - Iron ore prices are supported by a high basis and global pricing dynamics, benefiting from overseas interest rate cuts and macroeconomic improvements [6] Group 7: Price Outlook - Short-term steel prices are expected to continue adjusting due to concerns over inventory and demand, but with rising exports, domestic policy expectations, and strong cost support, the downside for rebar and hot-rolled coil prices is limited, with a rebound anticipated in November [8]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Views of the Report - The steel market is characterized by weak supply and demand, with the supply contraction less than the demand decline. Long - process steel mills have a decent profit rate and stable supply, while short - process electric furnace steel mills are suffering increasing losses and reduced supply. Affected by the autumn - winter environmental protection production restrictions, steel supply is expected to continue to shrink [4]. - In October, the peak season for steel demand did not live up to expectations. Real estate development investment continued to decline, and infrastructure investment growth also slowed down, leading to limited steel demand. The core contradiction on the demand side lies in the continuous contraction of the real estate industry chain. In November, steel demand enters the traditional off - season, and the demand for construction steel will significantly shrink [4]. - In the next month, the steel supply pressure remains high, and demand will gradually weaken. With recent policy benefits being implemented, the macro - sentiment is stabilizing. Fundamentally, the weak reality pattern is hard to change. Overall, steel supply and demand are both weak, inventory pressure remains, and steel prices are expected to fluctuate weakly. The reference range for rebar is 2900 - 3150 yuan/ton [4]. Summary According to the Table of Contents 1. Market Review - In October, steel futures fluctuated, first falling and then rising, showing an overall weak trend. At the beginning of the month, steel prices were pressured by weak fundamentals. In the middle of the month, they rebounded due to improved macro - expectations. After the macro - benefits were realized, the focus returned to fundamentals. The overall steel market was in a low - level oscillation pattern due to the game between reality and expectations [9]. 2. Steel Fundamental Analysis Supply is Expected to Shrink - The newly revised "Implementation Measures for Capacity Replacement in the Iron and Steel Industry" aims to optimize the industrial structure and promote green and low - carbon transformation. It strengthens capacity replacement ratio requirements, encourages low - carbon processes, and standardizes replacement procedures [16]. - In October, steel supply and demand were both weak, but the supply contraction was less than the demand decline. Long - process steel mills had stable supply, while short - process steel mills' supply continued to shrink. Affected by environmental protection production restrictions and losses, steel supply is expected to continue to contract [17]. High Steel Inventory Pressure - In October, steel inventories increased slightly, with a rapid increase after the National Day holiday and then a slow decline. The inventory pressure on hot - rolled coils is significantly higher than that on rebar. If demand does not improve substantially, inventory contradictions may intensify [19]. Weak Demand in the Peak Season - In October, the steel demand in the peak season was weak. The real estate industry continued to decline, infrastructure investment growth slowed down, and overseas steel exports decreased month - on - month. In November, steel demand will enter the off - season, and construction steel demand will shrink significantly [26]. Reduced Macro - impact - Overseas, the Fed cut interest rates in October and will end the balance - sheet reduction. Sino - US tariff relations eased. Domestically, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee put forward the main goals for economic and social development during the 15th Five - Year Plan period [30]. - The real estate industry remained sluggish, and infrastructure investment growth continued to slow down. Manufacturing steel demand was structurally differentiated, with the automobile and home appliance industries showing resilience. Steel exports remained resilient but declined month - on - month [31][37]. 3. Market Outlook - The steel market will continue to face weak supply and demand in the future. Supply pressure remains high, and demand will gradually weaken. Policy benefits are being implemented, but the weak fundamental pattern is hard to change. Steel prices are expected to fluctuate weakly, with the rebar reference range at 2900 - 3150 yuan/ton [40].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for key companies in the environmental sector, including High Energy Environment, Huicheng Environmental, and Hongcheng Environment [5][36]. Core Insights - The environmental remediation sector is expected to benefit significantly from new policies aimed at promoting green transformation and enhancing land value through soil remediation and capacity replacement [1][19]. - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has introduced new regulations for capacity replacement in the steel industry, which will directly benefit sub-sectors such as industrial solid waste treatment and environmental monitoring [1][19]. - The report highlights the strong performance of the environmental sector, which has outperformed the broader market indices, indicating a potential for continued growth [39]. Summary by Sections Investment Views - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has issued a notice to standardize the "environmental remediation + development" model, which aims to enhance the technical threshold and project scale in the environmental remediation industry [10][18]. - The new steel industry capacity replacement regulations emphasize strict replacement ratios and comprehensive supervision, which are expected to drive quality improvements and green transformation in the industry [19][35]. - The current macroeconomic environment, characterized by historically low interest rates, favors investments in high-dividend and growth-oriented assets, particularly in the environmental sector [2][36]. Market Performance - The environmental sector has shown strong performance, with a weekly increase of 1.16%, outperforming both the Shanghai Composite Index and the ChiNext Index [39]. - Key sub-sectors within the environmental industry, such as air quality and solid waste management, have also demonstrated positive growth, with notable individual stock performances [39]. Industry News - Recent legislative changes, including amendments to the Environmental Protection Tax and new energy-saving regulations in Guangdong, are expected to further support the environmental sector's growth [47][48]. - The introduction of "Industrial Green Effect Loans" in Chongqing aims to facilitate the green transformation of the manufacturing sector, indicating a broader trend towards sustainable financing [48].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company with a target price of 20.74 CNY, based on a projected PE of 17X for comparable companies in 2026 [3][5]. Core Insights - The company has achieved a significant increase in both sales volume and profit margins, leading to a robust profit growth outlook. In Q3 2025, the company reported a net profit of approximately 15.3 billion CNY, a year-on-year increase of 37.93% [10]. - The demand for special steel products is expected to grow, driven by the high-end equipment manufacturing and energy sectors, which will likely enhance the company's performance [10]. - The report highlights a favorable shift in the industry supply side and cost structure, which may further support profit growth for the company [10]. Financial Performance Summary - The company’s projected earnings per share (EPS) for 2025-2027 are 1.16, 1.22, and 1.30 CNY, respectively, reflecting an upward revision from previous estimates [3]. - The company’s revenue is forecasted to decline slightly from 114,019 million CNY in 2023 to 107,122 million CNY in 2025, with a projected revenue growth rate of -1.9% in 2025 [4]. - The gross profit margin is expected to improve from 13.1% in 2023 to 15.1% by 2027, indicating a positive trend in profitability [4].