欧盟对美国科技巨头监管力度进一步升级。周一，欧盟委员会宣布对亚马逊和微软的云计算业务启动三 项独立调查，评估是否应将这两家公司纳入《数字市场法案》(DMA)更严格监管范围。 微软发言人回应称，公司"准备为此次调查做出贡献"。如果欧盟委员会最终认定AWS和Azure构成企业 与客户之间的"重要门户"，这些服务可能被添加到核心平台服务清单中。目前，微软和亚马逊已有 LinkedIn、Windows PC操作系统、亚马逊市场和亚马逊广告等服务被列入"守门人"名单。 欧盟反垄断负责人Teresa Ribera表示，调查将审查"DMA现有规则是否需要更新，以便欧洲能够跟上云 计算行业快速发展的步伐"。她强调，云计算对欧洲的人工智能发展和数字竞争力至关重要。 欧盟委员会在声明中指出，云计算"必须在公平、开放和竞争的环境中提供"，以确保创新和欧洲的"战 略自主权"。 企业回应与合规准备 AWS发言人对媒体表示，相信欧盟委员会最终会得出结论认为更严格的规则是不必要的。该发言人 称： "我们相信，当欧盟委员会考虑事实时，会认识到云计算行业极其活跃，公司享有前所未有 的创新机会和低成本。" 其中两项调查将审查亚马逊网络服务(AW ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the escalating trade tensions between the U.S. and China, particularly focusing on the U.S. demand for China to lift restrictions on rare earth exports, highlighting the strategic importance of these resources for national security and technological advancement [1][15][39]. Group 1: U.S. Trade Policy and Strategy - Trump's assertion that "tariffs equal national security" reflects a desperate political maneuver rather than a solid strategy, indicating a loss of confidence in his administration's trade policies [3][5]. - The trade war has not yielded the expected benefits for the U.S., with rising costs for American businesses and dissatisfaction among allies, leading to a decline in Trump's domestic support [6][8]. - The focus on rare earths as a singular demand illustrates a shift from broader trade negotiations to a more desperate, point-specific strategy, revealing the diminishing options available to the U.S. [24][32]. Group 2: Importance of Rare Earths - China controls over 80% of global rare earth production, while the U.S. relies on imports for 90% of its rare earth needs, making this a critical issue for U.S. military and technological sectors [15][21]. - The U.S. has faced significant delays in developing domestic rare earth processing capabilities, with projects pushed back to 2026, underscoring the challenges in establishing alternative supply chains [15][17]. - The competition for rare earths is not merely an economic issue but a matter of national security, as these resources are essential for modern technology and military applications [15][33]. Group 3: China's Position and Strategy - China's restrictions on rare earth exports are part of a broader strategy to manage its resources sustainably and assert its position in global trade, rather than a targeted response to U.S. demands [17][19]. - The Chinese government has maintained a calm and resolute stance in negotiations, indicating a strong position in the face of U.S. pressure [19][39]. - The ongoing struggle over rare earths reflects a larger contest for defining future technological and industrial standards, with China increasingly positioning itself as a rule-maker rather than a rule-taker [35][39].

Group 1 - South Korea's President Lee Jae-myung faces a challenging balance between diplomacy and economy, as the U.S. offers a deal involving a $350 billion investment in exchange for reducing tariffs on South Korean products from 25% to 15% [1] - The negotiation centers on the exchange of investment and tariffs, with the U.S. also requiring South Korea to purchase an additional $100 billion of U.S. liquefied natural gas, which is perceived as a political protection fee rather than a purely commercial transaction [1][5] - The South Korean government emphasizes that it will not sacrifice the nation's economic sovereignty for a quick agreement, highlighting the contrasting negotiation styles of U.S. President Trump and President Lee [2] Group 2 - South Korea's unique economic structure makes it difficult to adopt Japan's investment model as suggested by the U.S., leading to significant differences in the investment proposals [3] - The South Korean government is creatively proposing an unlimited bilateral currency swap to meet U.S. demands while protecting its monetary sovereignty, showcasing its negotiation skills [3] - Some investments are expected to flow into the U.S. shipbuilding industry, but experts warn that mere capital injection may not revitalize the sector due to various underlying issues [5] Group 3 - The current U.S.-South Korea relationship is undergoing a structural adjustment, with President Lee's firm stance against detrimental deals and the diplomatic visit to China indicating a pursuit of multilateral balance [7] - The evolving rules of the U.S.-South Korea alliance suggest that short-term benefit exchanges are no longer the sole consideration, as Lee aims for greater strategic autonomy and security space for South Korea [7] - The diplomatic actions taken by South Korea signal a commitment to cooperation with China while maintaining a strong position with the U.S., reflecting a nuanced approach in the complex geopolitical landscape [7]

Group 1 - The article highlights the urgency among Japan, India, and the EU to negotiate with the US as the July 9 tariff deadline approaches, with Merkel's comments serving as a wake-up call for the EU [1] - Merkel criticizes Trump's tariff policy, warning that it could ultimately harm American citizens and lead to an economic crisis, as evidenced by declining manufacturing orders and agricultural exports [3] - Merkel advises the EU to adopt a firm stance against the US, suggesting that they should respond with equal countermeasures if the US imposes further tariffs [3] Group 2 - The EU is prepared with countermeasures, demanding that the US first remove tariffs before any agreements can be made, rejecting the US's proposal for a phased agreement [5] - The EU has outlined two significant countermeasures: a €21 billion tariff and a more substantial €95 billion tariff targeting various American exports, including Boeing and California wine [7] - The EU's digital services tax, aimed at US tech giants, has sparked tensions, with France implementing a 3% tax and the US threatening retaliatory tariffs on French goods [7] Group 3 - The article suggests that the tariff disputes between the US and EU are symptomatic of a larger crisis, indicating a gradual decline of the Western alliance system established post-World War II [9] - The changing global dynamics have led European nations to reconsider their reliance on the US, emphasizing the need for strategic autonomy and multilateral cooperation [10] - The ongoing tariff conflict serves as a critical test for US-EU relations, prompting Europe to evaluate its future path in the evolving international order [10]