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国家能源局:前三季度全国能源消费总体延续增势
Xin Hua Cai Jing· 2025-10-31 10:49
Core Insights - The overall energy consumption in China has continued to grow in the first three quarters of the year, supported by strong energy supply and investment, contributing to economic recovery [1] - The electricity consumption has been primarily driven by the tertiary industry and urban residents, accounting for a combined contribution rate of 54.5% [1] - Coal consumption has weakened due to the rapid growth of clean energy sources, while refined oil consumption continues to decline [1][2] Energy Consumption and Supply - In the first nine months, the total electricity consumption showed steady growth, with the maximum power load hitting new highs four times during the peak summer months [1] - Natural gas consumption saw a slight increase, with urban gas and power generation gas continuing to grow, while industrial gas consumption remained stable compared to last year [1] - Coal production from large-scale industrial sources increased by 2%, while crude oil and natural gas production rose by 1.7% and 6.4% respectively, providing strong support for energy supply [1] Market Dynamics and Policy Initiatives - The National Energy Administration has effectively guided coal market expectations and regulated coal supply, leading to a steady recovery in coal prices, with the spot price for 5500 kcal thermal coal reaching approximately 704 yuan per ton [2] - The third quarter saw the release of several policies aimed at integrating artificial intelligence with the energy sector, promoting new energy storage, and enhancing electric vehicle charging infrastructure [2] - The introduction of policies such as the "three-year doubling" action plan for charging facilities and guidelines for the construction of a unified national electricity market aims to facilitate high-quality development in the energy sector [2]
万马股份(002276):业绩略高于预期 超高压三期项目顺利推进
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-10-27 06:32
Group 1 - The company reported a revenue of 14.11 billion yuan for the first three quarters of 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 8.4%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 410 million yuan, up 61.6% year-on-year [1] - In Q3 2025, the company achieved a revenue of 4.84 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 7.9% but a quarter-on-quarter decrease of 8.8%. The net profit for Q3 was 160 million yuan, showing a significant year-on-year increase of 227.7% but a quarter-on-quarter decrease of 4.3% [1] - The company's gross margin and net margin for Q3 2025 were 12.6% and 2.9%, respectively, with year-on-year increases of 1.2 percentage points and 0.9 percentage points [1] Group 2 - The company is advancing its ultra-high pressure project, which will add a total capacity of 60,000 tons, expected to enhance profitability in the high polymer materials segment [1] - The company has launched a full liquid cooling system and various new products, including a 600A liquid cooling terminal and a 400A air cooling terminal, as well as an AI-based battery intelligent detection platform [2] - The national plan aims to establish 28 million charging facilities by the end of 2027, which is expected to double the charging service capacity and support over 80 million electric vehicles, indicating a positive outlook for the company's charging business [2] Group 3 - Revenue forecasts for the company are projected to be 20.10 billion yuan, 22.77 billion yuan, and 25.81 billion yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively, with net profit estimates raised to 520 million yuan, 660 million yuan, and 820 million yuan for the same years [3] - The corresponding price-to-earnings ratios (PE) are expected to be 34, 27, and 22 for 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively, maintaining a "buy" rating [3]
万马股份(002276):业绩略高于预期,超高压三期项目顺利推进
China Post Securities· 2025-10-27 06:03
Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company, with an expected increase in stock price relative to the benchmark index of over 20% within the next six months [6][12]. Core Insights - The company reported a revenue of 41.1 billion yuan for the first three quarters of 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 8.4%. The net profit attributable to shareholders was 4.1 billion yuan, up 61.6% year-on-year [4]. - In Q3 2025, the company achieved a revenue of 48.4 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 7.9%. The net profit for the same period was 1.6 billion yuan, reflecting a significant increase of 227.7% year-on-year [4]. - The company is progressing well with its ultra-high voltage Phase III project, which is expected to enhance profitability in the polymer materials segment [5]. - The charging business is anticipated to reach a breakeven point sooner due to the growth of charging infrastructure and changes in electricity pricing models [5]. Financial Forecasts - Revenue projections for 2025, 2026, and 2027 are 201.0 billion yuan, 227.7 billion yuan, and 258.1 billion yuan, respectively. The net profit attributable to shareholders is forecasted to be 5.2 billion yuan, 6.6 billion yuan, and 8.2 billion yuan for the same years [6][10]. - The report indicates an upward revision in net profit forecasts compared to previous estimates, reflecting improved operational performance [6]. - The projected price-to-earnings (P/E) ratios for 2025, 2026, and 2027 are 34, 27, and 22, respectively [6].
启境首款车型将于明年年中推出;中汽协:9月我国新能源汽车出口同比增长1倍 | 汽车早参
Mei Ri Jing Ji Xin Wen· 2025-10-21 22:33
Group 1 - GAC Group and Huawei are collaborating to launch a new brand called "Qijing," with the first model expected to be released in mid-2026, featuring Huawei's advanced technology [1] - The name "Qijing" was inspired by a suggestion from Huawei's founder, emphasizing a youthful and technological image, with "Qi" representing new beginnings and "Jing" symbolizing new realms [1] - Huawei has deployed hundreds of personnel to work on the "Qijing" project, indicating a deep partnership in technology and market strategy between the two companies [1] Group 2 - As of the end of September, China's electric vehicle charging infrastructure reached 18.063 million units, marking a 54.5% year-on-year increase [2] - Public charging facilities accounted for 4.476 million units, up 40% year-on-year, while private charging facilities reached 13.587 million units, reflecting a 60% increase [2] - The growth in charging infrastructure is driven by both policy support and market demand, positively impacting related industries such as charging equipment manufacturing and energy management [2] Group 3 - In September, China's automobile exports exceeded 600,000 units, with a year-on-year increase of 21%, highlighting the strong international competitiveness of the Chinese automotive industry [3] - New energy vehicle exports reached 222,000 units, showing a remarkable year-on-year growth of 100%, despite a slight month-on-month decline [3] - The growth in exports indicates global market recognition of Chinese automobiles and reflects ongoing innovations and breakthroughs in the industry [3] Group 4 - CATL announced that its "Chocolate" battery swap stations have surpassed 700 locations, with plans to accelerate towards a target of 1,000 stations by 2025 [4] - The expansion of the battery swap network enhances CATL's competitiveness in charging infrastructure and demonstrates proactive market positioning [4] - The promotion of battery swap models is expected to boost the battery manufacturing and related service markets, improving overall supply chain efficiency [4]
公用事业行业跟踪周报:推荐建投能源等火电低估价值+充电桩光伏出海投资机会-20251020
Soochow Securities· 2025-10-20 03:25
Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the utility sector, specifically recommending investment in JianTou Energy and other undervalued thermal power assets, as well as opportunities in charging stations and photovoltaic sectors [1]. Core Insights - JianTou Energy's Q3 2025 performance is highlighted, with a projected net profit of approximately 1.583 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 232%. The Q3 net profit alone is expected to be around 686 million yuan, a staggering increase of 566% year-on-year [4]. - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has issued a plan to double the service capacity of electric vehicle charging facilities by 2027, aiming to establish 28 million charging facilities nationwide [4]. - The NDRC has also released a draft for implementing minimum renewable energy consumption targets, which will enhance the share of renewable energy in electricity consumption through various means [4]. Industry Data Tracking - **Electricity Prices**: In August 2025, the average grid purchase price decreased by 2% year-on-year but increased by 1.3% month-on-month, averaging 388 yuan/MWh [39]. - **Coal Prices**: As of October 17, 2025, the price of thermal coal at Qinhuangdao was 748 yuan/ton, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 10.95% but a week-on-week increase of 39 yuan/ton [44][45]. - **Water Conditions**: The water level at the Three Gorges Reservoir was 170.55 meters as of October 17, 2025, with inflow and outflow rates increasing by 48.15% and 102.78% year-on-year, respectively [53]. - **Electricity Consumption**: From January to July 2025, total electricity consumption reached 5.86 trillion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 4.5% [14]. - **Power Generation**: The cumulative power generation from January to July 2025 was 5.47 trillion kWh, with a year-on-year increase of 1.3%. Thermal and hydropower generation saw declines of 1.3% and 4.5%, respectively [22]. - **Installed Capacity**: As of the first half of 2025, new installed capacity for thermal power was 25.78 million kW, a year-on-year increase of 41.3% [47]. Investment Recommendations - **Thermal Power**: Focus on undervalued thermal power investments, particularly in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, with recommendations for JianTou Energy, Jingneng Power, and Datang Power [4]. - **Charging Station Equipment**: Suggested investments in companies like Teruid and Shenghong Co., Ltd. [4]. - **Photovoltaic and Charging Station Assets**: Potential for value reassessment in photovoltaic and charging station assets due to market dynamics [4]. - **Green Energy**: Emphasis on the recovery of asset quality and growth potential in green energy, with recommendations for Longyuan Power, Zhongmin Energy, and others [4]. - **Hydropower**: Highlighting the low cost and strong cash flow of hydropower, with recommendations for Changjiang Power [4]. - **Nuclear Power**: Continued growth in nuclear power with recommendations for China Nuclear Power and China General Nuclear Power [4].
沃尔核材:公司的大功率液冷充电枪已实现量产 该产品的最大充电电流为1000A
Mei Ri Jing Ji Xin Wen· 2025-10-17 04:42
Core Insights - The National Development and Reform Commission's "Three-Year Doubling Action Plan for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2025-2027)" is expected to positively impact the company and its operations in the new energy sector [2]. Company Overview - The company ranks first in the domestic industry for revenue from direct current charging guns in the new energy business for the year 2024 [2]. - The company is one of the earliest developers of high-power liquid-cooled charging guns and has participated in the formulation of industry standards [2]. - The company's high-power liquid-cooled charging gun has achieved mass production, with a maximum charging current of 1000A and a maximum voltage level of direct current 1500V [2]. Industry Impact - The rapid development of charging infrastructure in China is anticipated to have a positive effect on the company's charging guns and other new energy business operations [2].
碳酸锂:现货表现坚挺,短期区间震荡延续
Guo Tai Jun An Qi Huo· 2025-10-16 02:01
Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core View The spot price of lithium carbonate remains firm, and the short - term range - bound oscillation is expected to continue [1]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Fundamental Tracking - **Futures Market**: For the 2511 contract, the closing price was 72,720, with a decrease compared to previous periods; the trading volume was 225,238, also showing a decline; the open interest was 188,523, down from previous levels. For the 2601 contract, the closing price was 72,940, the trading volume was 99,329, and the open interest was 212,472, with different changes compared to previous periods [2]. - **Warehouse Receipts**: The warehouse receipt volume was 33,076, showing a decrease [2]. - **Basis**: Various basis data such as spot - 2511, spot - 2601, etc., showed different changes over time [2]. - **Raw Materials**: The price of lithium spodumene concentrate (6%, CIF China) was 828, lithium mica (2.0% - 2.5%) was 1,725, and prices of different lithium salts also had their respective changes [2]. - **Lithium Salt Industry Chain**: Battery - grade lithium carbonate was 73,000, industrial - grade lithium carbonate was 70,750, and prices of other related products in the lithium salt industry chain also changed over time [2]. 3.2 Macro and Industry News - **Lithium Carbonate Price**: The SMM battery - grade lithium carbonate index price was 73,037 yuan/ton, up 30 yuan/ton from the previous workday. The average price of battery - grade lithium carbonate was 73,000 yuan/ton, and that of industrial - grade lithium carbonate was 70,750 yuan/ton, both remaining unchanged from the previous workday [3]. - **Electric Vehicle Charging Facility Plan**: The National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued the "Three - Year Doubling Action Plan for the Service Capacity of Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities (2025 - 2027)". By the end of 2027, 28 million charging facilities will be built nationwide, providing over 300 million kilowatts of public charging capacity to meet the charging needs of over 80 million electric vehicles [4]. - **Power Battery Data**: In September 2025, the total production of power and other batteries in China was 151.2GWh, a month - on - month increase of 8.3% and a year - on - year increase of 35.4%. The sales volume was 146.5GWh, with a month - on - month increase of 9.0% and a year - on - year increase of 42.2%. The total export volume was 26.7GWh, with a month - on - month increase of 18.2% and a year - on - year increase of 28.3% [4]. 3.3 Trend Intensity The trend intensity of lithium carbonate is 0, indicating a neutral trend [4].
资讯早间报-20251016
Guan Tong Qi Huo· 2025-10-16 01:48
Report Summary Overnight Market Trends - WTI crude oil's main contract was at $58.75 per barrel; Brent crude oil's main contract rose 0.13% to $62.47 per barrel [4]. - International precious metal futures generally closed higher, with COMEX gold futures up 1.48% at $4,224.90 per ounce and COMEX silver futures up 3.76% at $52.53 per ounce [4]. - Most London base metals rose, with LME tin up 0.54% at $35,380.00 per ton, LME aluminum up 0.26% at $2,744.50 per ton, etc., while LME copper fell 0.02% and LME zinc fell 0.03% [4]. Macroeconomic News - By the end of September 2025, M2 balance was 335.38 trillion yuan, up 8.4% year - on - year. The balance of local and foreign currency loans was 274.33 trillion yuan, up 6.5% year - on - year [7]. - From January to August, policies supporting the manufacturing industry provided tax cuts, fee reductions, and tax refunds of 1292.5 billion yuan [8]. - In September 2025, China's CPI fell 0.3% year - on - year, and PPI fell 2.3% year - on - year, with the decline narrowing by 0.6 percentage points from the previous month [8]. - The NDRC issued an action plan to double the service capacity of electric vehicle charging facilities by 2027, aiming to add 1.6 million DC charging guns [8]. - A Fed governor said that recent trade tensions increased economic uncertainty, making an early interest rate cut more urgent [8]. - The US president said the US would consider land operations against drug - trafficking groups and authorized the CIA to operate in Venezuela [8]. - The Fed's Beige Book indicated that overall economic activity changed little, with some regions reporting growth, no change, or a slight slowdown [10]. Energy and Chemical Futures - As of October 15, 2025, China's methanol port inventory was 1.4914 million tons, down 51,800 tons from the previous period [12]. - As of the week of October 13, the total refined oil inventory at Fujairah Port in the UAE was 178.12 million barrels, up 14.78 million barrels from the previous week [13]. - Russia's deputy prime minister said global energy demand was growing, but Russia had no plan to submit an oil production compensation plan to OPEC [13]. - The US president said India's prime minister promised to stop buying Russian oil [13]. Metal Futures - The number of domestic polysilicon producers increased to 11 this week, and the October output was expected to be around 130,000 tons, with a narrowing month - on - month increase and a slight inventory build - up expected [14]. - Freeport McMoRan planned to exit the benchmark pricing system for copper ore sales [16]. - From October 1 - 12, the retail sales of new - energy passenger vehicles in China were 367,000, down 1% year - on - year but up 1% from the previous month [17]. - Workers at an aluminum bauxite company in Guinea launched an indefinite strike [17]. - In September 2025, the output of refined tin in 20 domestic smelters was 9,770 tons, down 34.69% month - on - month and 2.3% year - on - year [18]. - In August 2025, the global refined copper market had a surplus of 256,500 tons, the global primary aluminum market had a shortage of 105,400 tons, and the global refined nickel market had a surplus of 49,900 tons [18]. - Indonesia's tin production was expected to return to normal in 2026 after the crackdown on illegal mining [19]. Black - Series Futures - As of the week of October 15, the national building materials output was 4602,000 tons, up 53,400 tons from the previous week; the factory inventory was 5013,800 tons, up 132,200 tons; the social inventory was 5685,800 tons, down 35,400 tons; and the apparent demand was 4505,200 tons, up 760,900 tons [21]. Agricultural Futures - According to AmSpec, Malaysia's palm oil exports from October 1 - 15 were 781,006 tons, up 12.3% from the previous month [24]. - According to ITS, Malaysia's palm oil exports from October 1 - 15 were 862,724 tons, up 16.2% from the previous month [25]. - India's vegetable oil imports in September were 1,639,743 tons, slightly down from August. Palm oil imports were 829,017 tons, significantly down from August [25]. - Indonesia planned to raise the CPO export tax from 10% to 15% [26]. - China's Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs deployed work on pig quarantine and slaughter [26]. - Guangdong Province planned to start purchasing frozen pork reserves as the pig - grain ratio entered the first - level warning zone [26]. - US threats of not buying Chinese edible oil may be ineffective [26]. - Brazil's expected soybean planting area in 2025 was 47.7 million hectares, up 0.1% from the previous forecast and 3.6% from last year, and the expected output was 1.65866 billion tons [27]. - In September 2025, US soybean crushing volume was 197.863 million bushels, and the soybean oil inventory was 1.243 billion pounds [28]. Financial Markets Financial - On Wednesday, A - shares rebounded with a shrinking volume. The Shanghai Composite Index rose 1.22% to 3912.21, the Shenzhen Component Index rose 1.73%, and the ChiNext Index rose 2.36%. The trading volume was 2.09 trillion yuan, down over 500 billion yuan [30]. - Hong Kong's Hang Seng Index rose 1.84% to 25,910.6, and the Hang Seng Tech Index rose 2.57%. Southbound funds sold a net HK$5.443 billion [30]. - By the end of Q3 2025, northbound funds' A - share market value was close to 2.59 trillion yuan, up 12.91% quarter - on - quarter, and they significantly increased holdings in technology sectors [30]. - Ping An Life and China Ping An increased their holdings in Bank of China and Postal Savings Bank of China's H - shares [31][32]. Industry - Six departments issued an action plan to double the service capacity of electric vehicle charging facilities by 2027 [33]. - In September, China's second - hand car market transactions were 1.7944 million, up 5.1% month - on - month and 8.2% year - on - year, with a transaction amount of 110.466 billion yuan [34]. - Chengdu expanded the scope of the "commercial mortgage to provident fund mortgage" policy [34]. Overseas - The IMF warned that global public debt might exceed 100% of GDP by 2029 [35]. - The Fed's Beige Book showed that overall economic activity changed little, with a slight decline in retail spending and stable employment [35]. - The US Senate failed to advance a temporary appropriation bill [37]. - The Trump administration might cut over 10,000 federal government jobs during the shutdown [38]. - The US Treasury Secretary planned to present Fed candidates to Trump after Thanksgiving [38]. - A Fed governor said recent trade tensions increased economic uncertainty, making interest rate cuts more necessary [38]. - The New York Fed's manufacturing index rose sharply in October [39]. - South Korea introduced new housing market policies [39]. - Norway planned to gradually cancel subsidies for electric vehicles [39]. International Stock Markets - US stocks closed mixed, with the Dow down 0.04%, the S&P 500 up 0.4%, and the Nasdaq up 0.66%. US ETFs were attracting funds at a record - breaking speed [40][41]. - European stocks closed mixed, with the German DAX down 0.23%, the French CAC40 up 1.99%, and the UK FTSE 100 down 0.3% [41]. - Most Asia - Pacific stock markets closed higher, with South Korea's KOSPI up 2.68% and Japan's Nikkei 225 up 1.76% [41]. - Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, and ASML reported better - than - expected Q3 results [42]. Commodities - US crude oil and Brent crude oil futures rose slightly, but the market faced supply - surplus pressure [44]. - Precious metal futures rose due to concerns about the US government shutdown and high global public debt [44]. - JPMorgan Chase's CEO said it was reasonable to hold gold and predicted a significant rise in gold prices [45]. - Most London base metals rose, and the market was balancing various factors [45]. Bonds - The stock market's strength suppressed the bond market. China's central bank conducted reverse repurchase operations, and the Ministry of Finance issued RMB 11 billion in bonds in Hong Kong [46]. - US Treasury yields were mixed [48]. Foreign Exchange - The on - shore RMB against the US dollar rose on Wednesday, and the US dollar index fell [49]. Upcoming Economic Data and Events - Key economic data to be released include Japan's core machinery orders, Australia's unemployment rate, and the US's PPI, retail sales, etc. [51]. - Key events include China's central bank's reverse repurchase maturity, speeches by central bank officials, and press conferences [53].
外交部驳斥美国务院:任何威胁挑衅都是枉费心机;美国政府迎来大规模裁员潮,受影响最大的是这个部门;官方通报“蔡国强烟花秀”事件调查核查情况丨早报
Di Yi Cai Jing· 2025-10-16 00:20
Group 1 - The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs refuted the U.S. State Department's claims regarding China's actions in the South China Sea, emphasizing that any threats or provocations are futile [1] - The U.S. government is experiencing significant layoffs, with the Department of the Treasury being the most affected, losing approximately 1,450 employees [1] Group 2 - The Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology met with Apple CEO Tim Cook to discuss Apple's business development in China and collaboration in the electronic information sector [4] - Apple expressed gratitude for the support from the Chinese government and plans to increase investment in China [4] Group 3 - The National Development and Reform Commission announced a three-year action plan to double the service capacity of electric vehicle charging facilities by 2027, including the construction of 40,000 high-power charging stations [5] - The plan aims to enhance charging infrastructure in rural areas and key locations such as transportation hubs and tourist destinations [5] Group 4 - The core Consumer Price Index (CPI) in China has seen a year-on-year increase of 1.0%, marking the first time in 19 months that the growth rate has returned to 1% [6] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) continues to decline, with a year-on-year decrease of 2.3% [6] Group 5 - The People's Bank of China reported a narrowing of the M1-M2 gap to -1.2%, indicating increased business activity and a recovery in personal consumption [7] - The total social financing stock reached 437.08 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 8.7% [7] Group 6 - The China E-commerce Logistics Index for September has reached a new high for the year, indicating a positive trend in e-commerce logistics [8] Group 7 - CATL and JD.com announced a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement to promote battery swapping and expand their market presence in the electric vehicle sector [28] - The collaboration aims to leverage JD.com's service network for battery aftermarket business [28] Group 8 - OpenAI is building an "AI closed-loop economy" with significant capital investments, including a strategic partnership with Broadcom to develop customized chips [31]
盘前必读丨M2-M1剪刀差收窄至1.2%;三花智控称获得机器人大额订单传言不属实
Di Yi Cai Jing Zi Xun· 2025-10-15 23:57
Group 1: Financial Data - As of the end of September, the broad money supply (M2) reached 335.38 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 8.4% [3] - The narrow money supply (M1) stood at 113.15 trillion yuan, growing by 7.2% year-on-year [3] - The currency in circulation (M0) was 13.58 trillion yuan, reflecting an 11.5% year-on-year increase [3] - The total social financing stock was 437.08 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 8.7% [3] - In the first three quarters, the total social financing increment was 30.09 trillion yuan, which is 4.42 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [3] - The net cash injection in the first three quarters was 761.9 billion yuan [3] - In the first three quarters, the increase in RMB deposits was 22.71 trillion yuan [3] - RMB loans increased by 14.75 trillion yuan in the first three quarters [3] Group 2: Corporate Announcements - Shuhua Technology reported a year-on-year net profit growth of 1234% for the first three quarters [6] - Moser Baer announced a projected net profit increase of 2836.86% to 3203.96% for the third quarter [6] - Meiyuan Health expects a year-on-year net profit increase of 70.51% to 151.7% for the first three quarters [6] - Haiguang Information reported a 13.04% year-on-year net profit growth for the third quarter [6] - Tianpu Co. has completed its suspension review and will resume trading [6] - Huizhiwei announced that the second phase of the big fund plans to reduce its stake by no more than 1% [6] - BGI announced that the big fund has reduced its holdings by 2.7147 million shares from September 15 to October 15, completing its reduction plan [6] Group 3: Market Trends - The U.S. stock market showed mixed results, with the Dow Jones falling by 17.15 points, while the Nasdaq and S&P 500 indices rose by 0.66% and 0.40% respectively [1] - Major tech stocks had varied performances, with Google rising by 2.2% and Amazon falling by 0.4% [1] - The Nasdaq China Golden Dragon Index increased by 1.70%, with New Oriental rising by 10.5% [1] - Gold prices reached a record high, surpassing $4200 per ounce, driven by geopolitical tensions [1]