2025 年 07 月 13 日 银行：会跌倒么？ 本周上证指数涨 1.09%，创业板指涨 2.36%，恒生指数涨 0.93%，大盘股涨幅居前，本周全 A 日均交易额 14961 亿，环比上周有所上升。这点符合我们在上期周报《最佳的选择："创"》 的判断："大盘指数维持强势"，但眼下不急于对大盘指数"牛不牛"下判断（尤其是快牛）， "找准结构和方向"依然是最重要的。现阶段风险偏好抬升是定价核心矛盾，科技科创依然 是维持占优推荐，而相对低估值分位的大盘成长（创业板指）或将成为最为受益的方向。同 时，在上周周报中我们强调今年本轮 A 股大盘整体超预期偏强：即银行板块贡献了上半年绝 大多数的涨幅，上证指数从年初的 3347 点涨到最新 3510 点附近，银行对大盘贡献高达到 118.13 点。客观而言，只要银行维持上涨，那么"银行搭台、多方唱戏"将延续，大盘较难"二 次探底"。 本周五大盘指数出现冲高回落，对应银行板块发生下跌，市场生怕"银行跌倒"？目前银行 确实涨很久了，难免会有见顶回落的忧虑。我们认为现在没看到明确的理由，暂不是看空银 行的时候。目前，从估值提升的角度，资金对于银行的抱团大致接近 2020 年中 ...

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market has shown signs of recovery this week, driven by increased risk appetite and positive market sentiment, with the ChiNext index experiencing the largest gains among major indices [3]. Group 1: Market Performance - The A-share market has rebounded this week, influenced by rising policy expectations and improved market sentiment, with most major indices showing upward trends [3]. - The ChiNext index recorded the highest increase among major indices this week [3]. - Sector performance varied, with real estate, steel, and non-bank financial sectors performing relatively well [3]. Group 2: Industry Earnings Outlook - The upcoming earnings season is expected to favor industries with strong mid-year performance, as these sectors typically see better stock price movements in July and August [4]. - Historical data indicates that industries with strong earnings in July and August have a higher probability of achieving excess returns [4]. - The manufacturing sector is predicted to have the highest earnings growth, with a year-on-year increase of approximately 10.0%, followed by TMT and financial real estate sectors [4]. - The TMT sector is expected to show the most significant improvement, with a projected year-on-year growth increase of 5.8 percentage points [4]. Group 3: Sector-Specific Earnings Predictions - High predicted net profit growth rates are expected in the light industry, non-ferrous metals, non-bank financials, electronics, and social services sectors [5]. - In contrast, sectors such as steel, real estate, coal, oil and petrochemicals, and public utilities may face profit growth pressures [5]. - The construction materials, electronics, communications, retail, and computer sectors are anticipated to show significant improvement compared to the first quarter [5]. - The overall pre-announcement rate for A-share earnings is currently at 72%, with high pre-announcement rates in real estate, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and environmental protection sectors [5]. Group 4: Market Outlook - The market is expected to trend upwards in the second half of the year, potentially reaching new highs, with a shift from policy-driven to fundamentals and liquidity-driven market dynamics [6]. - Short-term focus should be on sectors with favorable mid-year earnings, while long-term attention should be on three main lines: domestic consumption, technological self-reliance, and dividend stocks [6]. - In the domestic consumption sector, attention should be given to subsidy-related and offline service consumption [6]. - The technology sector should focus on AI, robotics, semiconductor supply chains, national defense, and low-altitude economy [6].

Key Points Summary Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent developments in the financial markets, highlighting the impact of government policies, trade tensions, and market performance across different sectors. Group 1: Important Events Review - On July 11, the Ministry of Finance issued a notice to guide insurance funds towards long-term stable investments, enhancing the performance evaluation system for state-owned commercial insurance companies, with a focus on long-term investment stability and sustainability [1]. - Trump announced tariffs ranging from 20% to 50% on several countries, including Brazil, Canada, Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam, effective August 1, which raises concerns about trade relations [1]. - The National Bureau of Statistics reported that the CPI rose by 0.1% year-on-year in June, while the PPI fell by 3.6% year-on-year, indicating a weak inflation environment [1]. Group 2: Market Performance - The A-share market continued to rise, driven by expectations of increased real estate policy support, with the Shanghai Composite Index surpassing 3500 points [4]. - The Hong Kong stock market saw a slight increase, influenced by the strong performance of financial and real estate sectors, while previous hot sectors like new consumption showed a decline [6]. - The US stock market experienced volatility due to rising tariff risks, leading to a more uncertain trading environment [7]. Group 3: Debt and Equity Market Analysis - The bond market experienced slight adjustments due to the active equity market, but the weak price index data did not create significant negative pressure on bonds [3]. - The equity market showed strong performance, particularly in large financial and capacity-reduction related sectors, although there are signs of divergence in market sentiment [9]. - The bond market's value proposition improved, suggesting a potential for strategic positioning despite short-term adjustments [8].

Market Overview - A-shares have shown a strong upward trend for three consecutive weeks, with the Shanghai Composite Index stabilizing above 3500 points, indicating a significant recovery in market sentiment [1][3]. Economic Data - A series of important economic indicators, including import and export data, financial statistics, and GDP figures, are set to be released next week. The second quarter GDP growth rate is expected to be around 5%, slightly lower than the first quarter but still within a reasonable range [3][4]. - Key details to monitor include the resilience of export data and whether M2 growth remains above 8%. Positive data could further boost market confidence, while disappointing figures may lead to short-term volatility [3]. Policy Developments - Recent favorable policies include guidance from the Ministry of Finance to encourage long-term investments from insurance funds, potentially injecting trillions of yuan into the market [3]. - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is promoting the "AI + Manufacturing" initiative, which supports the application of large models and intelligent systems in enterprises, creating new investment opportunities [3]. Global Market Influence - U.S. stock indices closed higher, with Nvidia surpassing a market capitalization of $4 trillion, reflecting strong global investor confidence in technology [4]. - The Federal Reserve's upcoming interest rate meeting is anticipated to maintain a cautious stance, with a low probability of rate cuts, suggesting limited direct impact on A-shares from global market fluctuations [4]. Technical Analysis - The Shanghai Composite Index is currently in a pullback phase after breaking through a resistance level, with strong support around the 3500-point mark. The 5-day and 10-day moving averages have formed a golden cross, indicating a positive trend [4]. - The ChiNext Index is supported by the 2000-point level and the 20-day moving average, while the CSI 1000 Index has recently reclaimed its 60-month moving average, signaling potential upward momentum [4]. Capital Flow - Recent data indicates a shift in main capital flows, with non-bank financials, computers, and metals sectors experiencing gains, while the banking sector saw a pullback [5]. - Notably, the electronics and power equipment sectors have attracted significant net inflows, aligning with supportive policies [5]. - Upcoming unlocks of restricted shares from 33 companies, valued at approximately 26.2 billion yuan, may present potential risks, particularly in stocks like Tianyue Advanced and Maiwei Biological [5]. Investment Strategy - The market is likely to maintain a fluctuating upward trend, with intense competition around the 3500-point level. Investors are advised to focus on three key areas: financial technology, high-end manufacturing, and consumption upgrades [6]. - Opportunities for low-entry positions should be considered, especially in sectors that have seen significant prior gains, while sectors like electricity and pharmaceuticals may become the next focus for capital rotation [6]. - Maintaining a flexible position is recommended, with a suggested holding level of 60-70% to accommodate unexpected market changes [6].

Group 1 - The article discusses the integration of production, sales, and research in Haier Smart Home, emphasizing its global deep integration strategy [1] - It highlights the upcoming discussions on investment opportunities in the rare earth industry, indicating a focus on sector-specific growth [1] - The article mentions a dialogue with Zhongke Haixun about deep-sea technology, showcasing advancements in marine technology [1] Group 2 - An update on the recent status of Xinshi Company is scheduled, indicating ongoing corporate communications and transparency [1] - The article notes an exchange with Haopeng Technology Company, reflecting engagement with technology firms [1] - A Q3 update on the banking and non-banking sectors is planned, suggesting a focus on financial sector analysis [1][2] Group 3 - Research on the pet health and protection industry is set to take place, indicating a growing interest in the agricultural sector [2] - A review and update of the industry allocation model is scheduled, reflecting ongoing analysis and adjustments in investment strategies [2]

Group 1 - The report highlights that both Chinese and US stock markets are experiencing a strong upward trend, driven by optimistic investor expectations regarding future corporate capital returns. A-shares are pricing in a stabilization of ROE at historical lows, while US stocks are anticipating continued growth in ROE from already high levels [3][12][14] - Since Q4 2021, A-shares have faced declining capital returns due to intense competition amid trends of "de-financialization" and "de-real estate," while US stocks have benefited from government debt expansion stimulating demand, resulting in higher ROE [3][14][17] - The report anticipates a shift in trends, with US capital returns potentially facing downward pressure due to tax policies encouraging manufacturing investment and capital repatriation, while A-shares may see a recovery in capital returns driven by anti-involution policies, stronger overseas manufacturing activity, and a halt in debt contraction [3][4][17] Group 2 - Three key catalysts for the stabilization and recovery of A-share capital returns are identified: anti-involution policies, overseas manufacturing activity surpassing service sector growth, and the end of the debt repayment cycle [4][23][31] - The report provides an example from the cement industry, where current operational rates are at their lowest since 2019, and a rebound in price indices is expected by late 2024, indicating a potential recovery in ROE [4][23][25] - The report notes that the demand for domestic capital goods and intermediate products is expected to rise due to stronger overseas manufacturing activity compared to services, with significant rebounds in excavator sales and steel exports observed [4][27][29] Group 3 - The current market pricing indicates that short-term stock prices have outpaced ROE, necessitating a buffer for uncertainty in recovery rhythms. The report emphasizes that the internal industry structure is more critical than the overall market [5][36] - The report discusses the historical context of PB (Price-to-Book) ratios, noting that the current PB levels are not extreme compared to historical standards, but the low absolute level of ROE may affect the pace of PB recovery [5][36][38] - A significant reduction in the proportion of stocks with low PB ratios has been observed, particularly in sectors like TMT (Technology, Media, and Telecommunications), high-end manufacturing, and banking, while traditional industries still show a high percentage of low PB stocks [5][38][40] Group 4 - The report suggests that the dynamics of capital returns are shifting, with domestic capital returns expected to stabilize and rise, while overseas capital returns may decline. This shift positions A-shares as more attractive compared to other markets [6][46] - Recommendations for asset allocation include focusing on upstream resource products benefiting from increased overseas demand and domestic anti-involution policies, as well as emphasizing equity over debt investments [6][46]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the current strong resonance between Chinese and American stock markets reflects optimistic expectations for future corporate capital returns, with A-shares stabilizing from historical lows and U.S. stocks maintaining high ROE levels [1][2] - The three main catalysts for stabilizing and recovering capital returns in A-shares are: (1) anti-involution leading to stabilization in industries previously constrained by excessive capital expansion, (2) overseas manufacturing demand exceeding service sector demand, and (3) the end of debt contraction cycles [2][3] - The current market pricing indicates that short-term stock prices are ahead of ROE, which aligns with historical bottoming characteristics, and while the absolute level of PB is not extreme, the low absolute level of ROE affects the elasticity and pace of PB recovery [3][4] Group 2 - The future state of capital returns is expected to shift, with domestic capital returns stabilizing and overseas capital returns potentially declining due to the combination of anti-involution, cessation of debt contraction, and the development of overseas manufacturing [4][5] - The relative advantage of the "barbell strategy" may diminish as ROE gradually recovers, with traditional industries such as coal, oil, steel, and utilities showing a higher proportion of low PB stocks compared to TMT and high-end manufacturing sectors [3][4] - Recommendations for asset allocation include focusing on upstream resource products and capital goods benefiting from increased overseas demand and domestic anti-involution policies, as well as exploring opportunities in new consumption sectors like hospitality and retail [5]

Market Review - The domestic market shows a clear "stock-bond seesaw" effect, with rising market risk appetite driven by the ongoing "anti-involution" trend and expectations from important real estate meetings, leading to an increase in stock and commodity markets while the bond market remains under pressure. Major A-share indices saw a broad increase, with the Shanghai Composite Index surpassing 3500 points, led by real estate, steel, and non-bank financial sectors. The banking index reached a historical high on Thursday but adjusted on Friday [1][2]. Market Outlook - The "stabilizing fund" is seen as a stabilizer for A-shares, with three main lines expected to perform well. The Shanghai Composite Index has reached 3500 points for the first time this year, with large financials, "anti-involution," and technology themes showing alternating upward trends. The proportion of financing funds and northbound trading funds in the market has significantly increased, reflecting a recovery in market risk appetite driven by profit-making effects. Unlike the previous "924" rally, the current A-share market valuation has risen from the bottom to above the historical median, indicating that further index gains will require volume support, and short-term market consolidation may be needed. However, the policy support for capital markets remains strong, and the influx of medium- to long-term funds like the "stabilizing fund" suggests limited downside even if the market experiences pullbacks, presenting numerous structural opportunities in a "stable yet rising" environment [2][3]. Industry Allocation - Focus on three main lines for industry allocation: 1) In a low-interest-rate environment, stable dividend assets will continue to be an important direction for medium- to long-term fund allocation 2) Beneficiaries of price increases in related resource sectors, such as minor metals and industrial metals 3) New technology and growth sectors, including military industry, marine economy, AI computing power, and solid-state batteries [2][3].

Core Insights - The report suggests that the market performance has decoupled from earnings since September last year, resembling the period from 2013 to 2015. In the early stages of PPI decline, negative impacts on earnings dominated, but as PPI remained negative for a sufficient duration, policy and liquidity factors improved, leading to a decoupling of market performance from earnings [2][10][11] - The current macro-level asset shortage may exceed that of 2014. If the bull market is driven by liquidity and policy rather than earnings, the logic of asset scarcity becomes more significant. The current 10-year government bond yield is about half of that in 2014, and the rate of decline over the past two years is comparable to that of 2014 [3][20][22] - Insurance funds have already impacted the market, and there is potential for increased inflow from household funds. Since the pandemic in 2020, household deposits have risen rapidly, but their inflow into the stock market has been limited due to the lack of a stable profit-making effect. With the market transitioning from bearish to bullish since September last year, conditions for accelerated household fund inflow are gradually being met [22][24] Market Changes - The report indicates that the A-share market has seen significant increases in major indices, with the ChiNext 50 rising by 2.65% and the ChiNext Index by 2.36%. In contrast, sectors like coal and banking have experienced declines [38][42] - Global stock markets have shown mixed performance, with indices such as Germany's DAX and France's CAC40 performing well, while indices in Brazil and Mexico have declined [39] - The report notes a net inflow of 241.19 billion yuan from southbound funds (Hong Kong Stock Connect) this week, indicating strong market interest [40][48]

Group 1 - The A-share market has shown signs of recovery, with major indices mostly rising, particularly the ChiNext Index which increased by 2.4% [13][14][16] - The real estate, steel, and non-bank financial sectors performed relatively well this week, with respective increases of 6.1%, 4.4%, and 4.0% [16][19][34] - The manufacturing sector is predicted to have the highest mid-year report performance growth, with an estimated year-on-year growth rate of approximately 10.0% [33][34] Group 2 - Industries expected to show high mid-year report performance growth include light industry, non-ferrous metals, and non-bank financial sectors, with predicted net profit growth rates of 34.2%, 33.0%, and 19.1% respectively [33][34] - The construction materials, electronics, and telecommunications sectors are anticipated to have significant performance improvement, with expected growth rate improvements of 11.4%, 7.9%, and 6.1% respectively [34][39] - The current mid-year earnings forecast disclosure rate is only 4.1%, indicating limited reference value for investors [39][42] Group 3 - The overall pre-announcement rate for A-share companies is 72%, with many industries showing high pre-announcement rates, particularly in real estate and non-bank financial sectors [39][40] - The environmental protection, transportation, and media sectors are expected to show significant improvement in mid-year earnings forecasts, with respective improvement rates of 139.5pct, 111.0pct, and 96.7pct [41][44] - The market is expected to experience a bullish trend in the second half of the year, with a focus on sectors that are likely to outperform in mid-year reports [57][58]