8月15日上午，国务院新闻办公室举行新闻发布会，介绍2025年7月份国民经济运行情况。 二是高端行业投入加大。科技创新引领产业创新，新质生产力培育壮大带动高端行业投资增长。1-7月份航空 航天器及设备制造业投资同比增长33.9%，计算机及办公设备制造业投资增长16%，信息服务业投资增长 32.8%，均保持较快增长。 三是重点领域投资较快增长。"两重"建设持续推进，重点领域基础设施投资增长较快。1-7月份水利管理业投 资增长12.6%，信息传输业投资增长8.3%，大规模设备更新对投资拉动作用明显，1-7月份设备工器具购置投 资同比增长15.2%，占全部投资比重达16.2%，拉动整个投资增长2.2个百分点。 四是能源绿色转型投资稳步增加。随着我国能源供给绿色转型持续深入，清洁能源相关投资不断扩大，有力 支撑和保障我国能源安全。1-7月份，太阳能、风力、核力、水力发电投资同比合计增长21.9%，保持较快增 长。 国家统计局新闻发言人、总经济师、国民经济综合统计司司长付凌晖表示，1-7月份固定资产投资同比增长 1.6%，比1-6月份回落，扣除价格因素，固定资产投资实际增长在4%-5%左右。投资名义增速的回落，既有部 ...

宏观经济 | 动态跟踪 政策有望继续支撑核心 CPI 同比上升 ——2025 年 7 月通胀数据点评 研究结论 | 孙国翔 | sunguoxiang@orientsec.com.cn | | --- | --- | | | 执业证书编号：S0860523080009 | | 孙金霞 | 021-63325888*7590 | | | sunjinxia@orientsec.com.cn | | | 执业证书编号：S0860515070001 | | 曹靖楠 | 021-63325888*3046 | | | caojingnan@orientsec.com.cn | | | 执业证书编号：S0860520010001 | | 陈至奕 | 021-63325888*6044 | | | chenzhiyi@orientsec.com.cn | | | 执业证书编号：S0860519090001 | | | 香港证监会牌照：BUK982 | | 从国家治理看宏观：走出低质内卷，迈向 | 2025-08-07 | | --- | --- | | 高质量竞争 | | | 美国市场回调或为短期：——海外札记 | 20 ...

分析师 张伟 SAC 证书编号：S0160525060002 zhangwei04@ctsec.com 联系人 连桐杉 liants@ctsec.com 相关报告 证券研究报告 宏观点评 / 2025.08.01 请阅读最后一页的重要声明！ "反内卷"后的首个 PMI 核心观点 1. 《中共中央政治局会议点评——聚焦结 构性改革》 2025-07-31 《政策保持克制——7 月政治局会议解 读 》 2025-07-31 3. 《美国内需延续转弱——美国 2025 年二 季度 GDP 数据解读》 2025-07-31 ❖ 7 月，价格是 PMI 最超预期的分项：7 月主要原材料购进价格指数和出 厂价格指数分别为 51.5%和 48.3%，分别较上月上升 3.1 和 2.1 个百分点， 价格分项超预期变化的背后是"反内卷"下企业预期的加速反应，我们把价格 指标抽丝剥茧，进一步分行业研究发现：上游加工业景气度靠前主因在原材 料价格大幅上行→企业为了维系利润→提高出厂价格，因此景气程度环比有 较多提升，中游制造业景气度提升次之可能是由于关税摩擦下，企业加大出 海力度，带动了对机械设备的需求。 ❖ "反内卷"第一个月， ...

Group 1 - The manufacturing PMI for June is reported at 49.7%, indicating a slight improvement from the previous value of 49.5%, suggesting a continued recovery in manufacturing activity [1] - The construction business activity index rose to 52.8% from 51%, while the services business activity index decreased to 50.1%, down by 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [1] - The production index and new orders index in manufacturing are both in the expansion zone, with marginal increases of 0.3 and 0.4 percentage points to 51% and 50.2%, respectively [2] Group 2 - The internal demand index increased by 0.4 percentage points to 50.6%, outpacing the new export orders index, which rose by 0.2 percentage points to 47.7% [2] - High-frequency indicators show that the year-on-year growth rate of foreign trade cargo volume narrowed from -3.8% to -3.5%, indicating a continued weakening in export strength [2] - The PMI data indicates a divergence in performance among enterprises, with large and medium-sized enterprises seeing increases in PMI, while small enterprises experienced a decline to 47.3%, the lowest since September 2024 [3] Group 3 - The manufacturing sector faces downward pressure due to a potential weakening in export chain production as the equipment renewal cycle declines [3] - Recent policies aimed at boosting domestic demand, including a 500 billion yuan service consumption relending initiative, are expected to support service consumption and infrastructure investment [3] - The PMI improvements in June were more pronounced in industries such as petroleum processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and chemical manufacturing, while sectors like electrical machinery and textiles saw significant declines [3]

Group 1: CPI Analysis - In April, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased by 0.1% month-on-month and decreased by 0.1% year-on-year, with the core CPI remaining stable [1] - The rise in CPI was driven by a recovery in food prices and travel service prices, with food prices up 0.2% month-on-month, exceeding seasonal levels by 1.4 percentage points [2] - The decline in CPI year-on-year was primarily influenced by a 4.8% drop in energy prices, with gasoline prices down 10.4%, contributing approximately 0.38 percentage points to the year-on-year decline [1][2] Group 2: PPI Analysis - The Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.4% month-on-month and 2.7% year-on-year, with the year-on-year decline widening compared to the previous month [1][3] - The Producer Purchase Price Index fell by 2.7% year-on-year, with a month-on-month decline of 0.6%, indicating increased price pressure in upstream materials due to external demand shocks [3] - Specific sectors such as coal mining and black metal mining continued to see price declines, while non-ferrous metal prices experienced a slight increase [3] Group 3: Policy Impact and Future Outlook - The government has intensified macro policies to promote consumption, leading to improved supply-demand relationships in certain industries, resulting in narrowed price declines [4] - High-tech industries are experiencing price increases, with wearable device manufacturing prices up 3.0% and aircraft manufacturing prices up 1.3% [4] - Analysts expect CPI to maintain a moderate trend due to domestic policy shifts towards expanding demand, while PPI may still face downward pressure amid various influencing factors [5]

Group 1 - In April, China's Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.4% month-on-month and 2.7% year-on-year, with the year-on-year decline widening by 0.2 percentage points compared to the previous month [1] - The decline in PPI is attributed to changes in the international trade environment and a rapid drop in prices of certain international bulk commodities, affecting domestic industry prices [1] - Specific sectors such as oil and gas extraction saw a price decrease of 3.1%, while refined petroleum products and chemical manufacturing prices fell by 2.5% and 0.6% respectively [1] Group 2 - Seasonal declines in energy prices were noted, with coal mining and processing prices dropping by 3.3% due to the end of heating season and traditional off-peak demand [1] - The electricity and heat production and supply sector experienced a price decrease of 0.3%, influenced by lower costs of new energy generation and increased wind power output [1] - Despite international factors exerting downward pressure, domestic macro policies aimed at boosting consumption and the growth of high-tech industries have led to increased demand in certain sectors, resulting in positive price changes in some areas [1] Group 3 - Policies promoting consumption and equipment upgrades are expected to lead to a recovery in prices for certain consumer goods and manufacturing products [2] - In April, the year-on-year price decline for household washing machines narrowed by 0.3 percentage points, while food manufacturing and new energy passenger vehicles also saw a reduction in their price decline by 0.2 percentage points [2] - The diversification of trade and market expansion has contributed to price increases or reduced declines in some export sectors, with integrated circuit packaging and testing prices rising by 2.7% and semiconductor device manufacturing prices increasing by 1.0% in April [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trends in China's Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Producer Price Index (PPI), highlighting the impact of international oil prices and domestic economic policies on these indices [1][2]. CPI Analysis - In April, the CPI showed a month-on-month increase of 0.1% after a previous decline of 0.4%, but year-on-year it decreased by 0.1% [1]. - The core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.5%, indicating stable inflation in essential goods [2]. - The year-on-year decline in CPI is attributed mainly to a significant drop in energy prices, which fell by 4.8%, with gasoline prices decreasing by 10.4%, contributing approximately 0.38 percentage points to the CPI decline [6]. PPI Analysis - The PPI decreased by 0.4% month-on-month and 2.7% year-on-year, with the latter decline widening by 0.2 percentage points compared to the previous month [7]. - The drop in PPI is influenced by international commodity price declines, particularly in oil and gas extraction, which saw a price drop of 3.1%, and refined petroleum products, which fell by 2.5% [7]. - Seasonal factors also contributed, with coal prices declining as demand decreased post-heating season [7]. Positive Price Changes - Despite the overall decline in CPI and PPI, certain sectors are experiencing positive price changes due to improved supply-demand dynamics and government policies promoting consumption [9]. - Industries such as black metal smelting and non-metallic mineral products saw a narrowing of year-on-year price declines, indicating a recovery in demand [9]. - High-tech industries are also benefiting, with prices for wearable smart devices and aircraft manufacturing increasing by 3.0% and 1.3%, respectively [10]. Trade and Export Impact - The diversification of trade and market expansion has led to price increases in some export sectors, such as integrated circuit packaging, which rose by 2.7% [10]. - The government emphasizes the importance of maintaining prices within a reasonable range to support both consumer spending and corporate profitability [10].

Group 1: Consumer Price Index (CPI) Insights - In April, the CPI increased by 0.1% month-on-month and decreased by 0.1% year-on-year, indicating a shift from decline to growth in the month-on-month comparison [1][3] - Food prices rose by 0.2%, while non-food prices increased by 0.1%, with service prices up by 0.3%, driven by seasonal factors and demand recovery [3][4] - The core CPI, which excludes food and energy, rose by 0.2% month-on-month and 0.5% year-on-year, reflecting stable supply-demand dynamics [3][10] Group 2: Producer Price Index (PPI) Trends - The PPI decreased by 0.4% month-on-month and 2.7% year-on-year, with the decline attributed to international input factors and seasonal drops in energy prices [1][9] - Certain industrial sectors showed signs of price stabilization, with black metal and non-metal mineral product prices experiencing reduced year-on-year declines [5][6] - The PPI's month-on-month decline was influenced by falling prices in the petroleum and natural gas extraction sectors, as well as in the non-ferrous metal industries [9][10] Group 3: Economic Policies and Market Dynamics - The People's Bank of China noted that policies aimed at expanding domestic demand are beginning to take effect, which is expected to support a moderate recovery in price levels [1][10] - Recent macroeconomic policies, including interest rate cuts and structural tools, are designed to stimulate domestic demand and support price stability [10] - The upcoming holiday seasons are anticipated to boost service prices, contributing to a potential recovery in the core CPI [10]

5月10日，国家统计局发布数据显示，4月份，居民消费价格指数（CPI）环比上涨0.1%，同比下降0.1%。工业生产者出厂价格指数（PPI）环比下降0.4%，同比 下降2.7%。 4月份CPI环比由降转涨，同比降幅与上月相同，核心CPI涨幅稳定，PPI环比降幅与上月相同，部分工业行业价格同比继续呈现稳中向好走势。中国人民银行最新发 布《2025年第一季度中国货币政策执行报告》认为，随着扩大内需政策落地显效，市场需求加快释放，将更好支撑物价水平温和回升。 食品、出行服务表现好于季节性 4月份，CPI环比上涨0.1%。其中，食品价格上涨0.2%，非食品价格上涨0.1%；消费品价格持平，服务价格上涨0.3%。 国家统计局城市司首席统计师董莉娟表示，从环比看，CPI由降转涨，涨幅高于季节性水平0.2个百分点，主要是食品、出行服务回升带动。 食品价格的带动包括部分地区进入海洋休渔期，海水鱼价格上涨；新果上市初期供给季节性减少，薯类和鲜果价格上涨等情况，也包括受进口量减少等因素影响， 牛肉价格上涨等情况。此外，鲜菜和猪肉价格降幅小于季节性有一定影响。 同时，4月份，受需求回暖及假日因素共同影响，出行服务价格回升明显。飞机票 ...