Industry Overview - Since the beginning of 2024, the PCB industry has seen a recovery in overall market conditions due to easing inventory pressures and improved demand from downstream sectors such as consumer electronics and AI servers [2] - The growth in high-end segments like HDI, high-speed high-frequency, and packaging substrates has been particularly strong, driving demand for upstream high-performance electronic fabrics [2] Company Insights - Zhongcai Technology (002080.SZ) has reported that the first generation of low dielectric electronic fabrics is currently in short supply [4] - The company has long focused on the high-end electronic fabric sector and has successfully broken the international monopoly in this field [5]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" and maintained [11] Core Viewpoints - The report discusses three potential paths for the construction materials industry to counteract "involution," aiming to alleviate deflation and stabilize employment. These paths include limiting capital expenditure, clearing existing production capacity, and constraining current output [6][7] - The report highlights the ongoing decline in cement prices and a decrease in glass inventory, indicating a weak demand environment [8] - Recommendations include focusing on special glass fiber and the African supply chain, with leading companies in existing markets being the main investment focus for the year [9] Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The report emphasizes the need for the construction materials industry to adapt to economic pressures through various strategies to manage supply and demand effectively [6][7] Market Performance - Cement prices have continued to decline, with the national average price dropping by 1.2% due to weak market demand and production issues [8][25] - The average cement price is reported at 353.39 yuan per ton, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 41.13% [25] Recommendations - Special glass fiber is highlighted as a key area for investment, particularly in companies like China National Materials Technology, which is positioned to benefit from domestic substitution trends [9] - The African supply chain is also recommended, with companies like Keda Manufacturing showing strong performance in niche markets [9] Demand Trends - The report notes a significant decline in real estate transaction volumes, with a 17% year-on-year decrease in new home sales across 30 major cities [8] - The construction materials sector is expected to see a shift towards existing inventory products, driven by improved demand in the second-hand housing market and urban renovation policies [9]

证券研究报告 | 行业周报 2025 年 07 月 09 日 电力设备及新能源 PEM、AEM 电解槽技术有所突破，多地发布推动氢能发展政策 行情回顾：截至 2025 年 7 月 4 日，氢能源指数收盘价为 2135.09 点，本 周涨跌幅为 1.03%，2025 年初至今涨跌幅为 20.16%。氢能行业周涨幅前 五的公司为雪迪龙、凯美特气、盛德鑫泰、中材科技、华光环能，涨幅分 别为 31.74%、27.46%、22.40%、20.71%、20.06%；氢能行业周跌幅前 三的公司为光智科技、泰和科技、新迅达，跌幅分别为-15.82%、-9.40%、 -9.13%。 重点事件点评：内蒙古 12 套 1000Nm³/h 碱槽氢储项目获备案；全国首条 跨省绿氢管道内蒙古段获批；东莞首批氢能两轮车投运；摩洛哥大型绿色 氢能项目最新进展；英特利制氢电源保障 ACWA 乌兹别克斯坦绿氢工厂产 氢成功；乌兹别克斯坦塔什干绿氢项目成功实现产氢；广州启动氢车与加 氢站全面接入市新能源智能汽车监测平台工作；四川推动氢能"制储运用" 一体化，引领商业化新进程；六部委发展新能源清洁能源船舶，推动氢燃 料电池动力技术应用；明阳氢能新一 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the construction materials industry is "Positive" (maintained) [4] Core Views - The "anti-involution" trend may drive the cement industry's supply and demand to bottom out earlier. The Central Financial Committee emphasized the need to regulate low-price competition and improve product quality, which may lead to a reduction in actual cement production capacity from over 2.1 billion tons in 2023 to 1.7 billion tons, potentially restoring capacity utilization rates to over 70% [5][18] - The demand for high-end electronic fabrics is underestimated due to the surge in computing power driven by AI. The need for advanced materials is increasing, with domestic companies achieving breakthroughs in Low-DK and Low-CTE electronic fabrics, indicating a significant growth opportunity in this sector [5] Summary by Sections 1. Sector Tracking - The construction materials index rose by 4.0%, outperforming the Shanghai Composite Index, which increased by 1.4% [9] - Key stocks with significant gains include Zaiseng Technology (+37.1%), Honghe Technology (+23.9%), and Zhongcai Technology (+20.7%) [9] 2. Data Tracking 2.1 Cement - The average price of 42.5 cement nationwide is 348.5 RMB/ton, down 4.5 RMB/ton month-on-month and down 40.8 RMB/ton year-on-year [18] - The cement inventory ratio is 65.7%, down 0.4 percentage points month-on-month and down 2.0 percentage points year-on-year [18] 2.2 Float Glass - The average price of 5mm float glass is 1274.3 RMB/ton, down 4.6 RMB/ton month-on-month and down 438.8 RMB/ton year-on-year [39] - The total inventory of key production enterprises in 13 provinces is 59 million heavy boxes, down 2.5% month-on-month and up 7.7% year-on-year [39] 2.3 Photovoltaic Glass - The average price of 2.0mm coated photovoltaic glass is 10.7 RMB/sqm, down 0.6 RMB/sqm month-on-month and down 4.6 RMB/sqm year-on-year [44] - The number of production lines for photovoltaic glass is 435, with a total daily melting capacity of 94,390 tons, down 4.0% month-on-month and down 17.0% year-on-year [44] 2.4 Glass Fiber - The average price of alkali-free glass fiber yarn is 4680.0 RMB/ton, unchanged month-on-month and up 15.0 RMB/ton year-on-year [52] - The average price of electronic yarn is 9100.0 RMB/ton, unchanged month-on-month and down 50.0 RMB/ton year-on-year [52] 2.5 Carbon Fiber - The average price of large tow carbon fiber is 72.5 RMB/kg, unchanged month-on-month and down 5.0 RMB/kg year-on-year [56] - The average operating rate of carbon fiber enterprises is 59.94%, down 0.19 percentage points month-on-month and up 13.54 percentage points year-on-year [56] 3. Investment Analysis - The investment strategy suggests that 2025 will be a turning point for listed companies, while 2026 will be a turning point for the industry. The report recommends focusing on companies in the high-growth sectors and those benefiting from the Belt and Road Initiative [5]

Group 1: Core Insights - The report emphasizes that the building materials industry is expected to return to historical high demand levels due to the emergence of stock demand, with a significant shift towards consumption characteristics of building materials [4][7][22] - The residential renovation demand currently accounts for nearly 50% and is projected to reach around 70% by 2030, indicating a qualitative change in consumption demand for building materials [7][22][23] - The report highlights the potential of African markets for capacity expansion, identifying undervalued local leaders such as Keda Manufacturing, Huaxin Cement, and Western Cement [4][9][10] Group 2: Stock Chain Insights - The stock category is seen as a cyclical demand segment that can emerge positively, with a significant supply exit in consumer building materials due to the deep adjustment in the real estate sector [7][47] - The report predicts that by 2024, production levels for various building materials will be at approximately 90% for plastic pipes, 82% for gypsum board, and 62% for waterproofing materials compared to their peak levels [7][47][50] - The report suggests that the supply exit in consumer building materials is thorough, driven by the expansion of leading enterprises' advantages and changes in demand structure [7][47][50] Group 3: African Chain Insights - Africa is identified as a fertile ground for the export of building materials, driven by population growth and urbanization, with local leaders like Keda Manufacturing benefiting from market share advantages [9][10] - Keda Manufacturing holds a 20% market share in the ceramic tile market in Central Africa, with a net profit margin recovering to over 20% in Q1 2025 [9][10] Group 4: Domestic Substitution Chain Insights - The report highlights the opportunities for domestic substitution in building materials, particularly in specialty fiberglass and industrial coatings, driven by the transformation goals of becoming a manufacturing powerhouse [10][10] - Key players in specialty fiberglass, such as China National Building Material, are expected to benefit from the growing demand for AI computing power [10][10]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The scarcity of orbital spectrum drives competition, and the construction of domestic low - orbit constellations has entered an accelerated phase. With limited low - orbit space and spectrum resources and strict deployment time requirements from the ITU, competition for resource locking is intensifying. China is expected to see an accelerated launch of low - orbit satellites from 2025 - 2030. Representative constellations include "Guowang", "Qianfan", and "Honghu - 3". Shanghai Harbor, with its satellite energy system products, is expected to benefit from the accelerated development of low - orbit satellites [5]. - Leading waterproofing companies such as Yuhong, Beixin, and Keshu have raised prices on both civil construction and engineering products. In the context of the industry's "anti - involution", the collective price increase by leading enterprises may promote price recovery, but the degree of price repair remains to be seen due to weak demand [5]. - Investment suggestions include paying attention to companies like Honglu Steel Structure, China Jushi, Punan Co., Ltd., Hainan Huatie, Beixin Building Materials, China National Chemical Engineering, China State Construction, Shanghai Harbor, Sinoma Science & Technology, and Keda Manufacturing [5]. 3. Summary According to the Table of Contents 3.1 Week - Specific Topic: Orbital Spectrum Scarcity Drives Competition, and Domestic Low - Orbit Constellation Construction Enters an Accelerated Phase - **Satellite Orbit Types**: Communication satellite orbits are mainly divided into GEO, MEO, and LEO. LEO can reduce power attenuation and communication delay, simplify terminal design, and is suitable for multi - satellite networking. Compared with GEO, LEO/MEO has smaller delay, and satellites are smaller and lighter, facilitating multi - satellite launches and reducing constellation construction costs and cycles [5][7]. - **Resource Scarcity and Competition**: Low - orbit space and frequency spectrum resources are scarce. The total capacity of low - orbit satellites is about 60,000, and Starlink plans to send 42,000 satellites into low - orbit by 2027, accounting for about 70%. The L, S, C frequency bands are almost exhausted, and the Ku, Ka bands are difficult to coordinate. According to ITU rules, operators need to complete satellite deployment within a specified time to lock resources, intensifying competition [5][11]. - **Policy Support**: Since 2014, China has successively introduced policies to encourage private capital to participate in commercial space activities. In 2023, commercial space was included in strategic emerging industries, and it has been mentioned in the government work reports of 2024 and 2025, indicating strong policy support [16]. - **Global and Domestic Constellation Construction Status**: Globally, SpaceX leads in low - orbit constellation construction, with other countries' enterprises following. In China, constellations like "Guowang", "Qianfan", and "Honghu - 3" have formulated phased launch plans. Although the number of launches in 2024 did not meet expectations, the launch rhythm is expected to accelerate from the second half of 2025 [5][17][23]. 3.2 Profit Forecast and Valuation of Main Covered Companies The report provides profit forecasts, valuations, and investment ratings for multiple companies, including Hainan Huatie, Punan Co., Ltd., China Jushi, etc. EPS, P/E, P/B, and other indicators for 2024 - 2027 are presented, and most investment ratings are maintained [33]. 3.3 Weekly Market Review - **Industry Index Performance**: In the week from June 28th to July 4th, 2025, the building and building materials industries showed certain fluctuations. Among building sub - sectors, the garden engineering index had the highest increase at 2.20%, while among various industries, the steel index had a relatively large decline [38][40]. - **Infrastructure Public REITs Performance**: The report lists the closing prices, 52 - week highs and lows, weekly, monthly, year - to - date, 250 - day, and IPO - since price changes of multiple infrastructure public REITs. The average weekly increase was 1.07%, the average monthly increase was 1.31%, and the average year - to - date increase was 20.99% [46][47]. 3.4 Aggregate Data Tracking - **Real Estate Data**: The report presents data on real estate new construction, construction, completion, sales area cumulative year - on - year growth, land transaction area, and real estate transaction data from 2022 - 2025 [49][58][68]. - **Social Financing Data**: Data on monthly new social financing, new RMB loans, new corporate bond financing, etc., from 2022 - 2025 are provided [78]. - **Infrastructure Investment Data**: The cumulative year - on - year growth rates of narrow - sense and broad - sense infrastructure investment, as well as investment in power, transportation, and water conservancy industries from 2022 - 2025, are shown. The new contract signing data of eight major construction central enterprises from 2022Q1 - 2025Q1 are also presented [88][94]. - **Special Bond Issuance Data**: Data on monthly and cumulative new and replacement special bond issuance from 2022 - 2025 are provided [96]. 3.5 High - Frequency Data Tracking - **Cement Data**: Information on national PO42.5 cement average price, East China regional cement price, cement - coal price difference index, cement capacity utilization rate, and cement production monthly year - on - year growth rate is presented [107][114]. - **Float Glass Data**: Data on glass spot price, futures price, inventory, and daily melting volume are provided [115][117][119][122]. - **Photovoltaic Glass Data**: Information on soda ash price, 2mm photovoltaic glass price, inventory, and daily melting volume is presented [122][123][125]. - **Glass Fiber Data**: Prices of SMC roving, winding direct roving, injection roving, G75 electronic yarn, and glass fiber inventory are shown [128][129][132][134][138]. - **Carbon Fiber Data**: Data on carbon fiber average price, raw silk price, inventory, production, capacity utilization rate, gross profit margin, cost, and gross profit are provided [135][139][142][146][148][151][152]. - **Magnesia and Alumina Price Data**: Prices of large - crystal fused magnesia and alumina are presented [153][156]. - **Upstream Raw Material Price Data**: Prices of asphalt, waste paper, PVC, and HDPE are shown [159][160][162][163]. - **Physical Workload Data**: Prices of titanium dioxide and acrylic acid, high - machine rental rate, excavator working hours, and asphalt average capacity utilization rate are presented [167][168][170][173].

Investment Rating - Industry rating is maintained at "Outperform the Market" [5] Core Viewpoints - The cement industry is expected to benefit from the improvement in infrastructure and real estate demand, with a long-term view of continuous optimization in supply structure. Recommended companies include Shengfeng Cement, Tapai Group, Huaxin Cement, Western Cement, and Tibet Tianlu [20][21] - The report highlights a significant drop in the sales area of commercial housing in 30 major cities, with a year-on-year decrease of 18.92% [2][15] - The cement price has recently hit a low, with the average price in East China down by 17 CNY/ton year-on-year, indicating potential for price rebound due to the implementation of price coordination mechanisms [3][14] Summary by Sections Market Review - The Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index rose by 1.54%, while the construction materials sector (CITIC) increased by 3.63%. Notable stock performances include Yamaton (+34.9%), Zhongcai Technology (+20.7%), and Kaisheng New Energy (+19.6%) [12][14] Recent Tracking of Key Sub-sectors - Cement: The national cement market price fell by 1.3% week-on-week, with average shipment rates around 42% due to weak demand [17] - Glass: The photovoltaic glass market saw a general decline in new orders, with prices for 2.0mm coated panels down by 2.27% [18] - Fiberglass: The market for non-alkali yarn remains stable, with prices holding steady at around 3669 CNY/ton [19] Long-term Value of Traditional Building Materials - The report emphasizes that traditional building materials are nearing a cyclical bottom, while new materials like carbon fiber are expected to see sustained growth due to high downstream demand and domestic substitution opportunities [20][21]

Core Viewpoint - The A-share PCB concept continues to rise, with several companies showing significant stock performance, indicating a positive trend in the industry [1] Group 1: Company Performance - Jin'an Guoji has achieved a three-day consecutive increase in stock price [1] - Honghe Technology has seen its stock rise three times in five days [1] - Defu Technology and Tongguan Copper Foil have both increased by over 10% [1] - Pengding Holdings, Lianrui New Materials, Zhongying Technology, and International Composite Materials are among the top gainers in the market [1]

特种电子布系列：企业利润&估值空间如何？ 当前时点怎 么看？20250706 摘要 宏和科技在高端电子布领域具有较强竞争力。今年（2025 年），公司高端电 子布业务净利润约 1.1 亿元，明年（2026 年）预计增至 3.1 亿元。今年整体 净利润约 4.3 亿，明年至少可达 8.6 亿。如果按照 30 倍 PE 估算，宏和科技明 年的合理市值约 173 亿，而后年的合理市值则可能达到 257 亿，目前仍有 50%以上的市场空间。 AI 硬件需求驱动高端 CCL 市场快速增长，预计 2024-2026 年增速达 26%，英伟达 GPU 和 800G 交换机对 PCB 的需求分别带来 116 亿元和 150 亿元的市场规模，低介电常数电路板市场规模预计 2025 年达 21 亿元，2027 年增至 78 亿元。 中材科技在低介电电子布领域表现突出，预计 2025 年 Low DK 和 Q 部 产品业绩达 2.9 亿元，2026 年增至 7.7 亿元，对应市值潜力巨大。公 司产品体系完善且产量大，是值得重点关注的公司。 宏和科技在高端电子布领域具有较强竞争力，预计 2025 年高端电子布 业务净利润约 1.1 ...

Summary of Conference Call Notes Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the **special fiberglass cloth industry** and its relationship with **high-speed high-frequency PCB materials** driven by the surge in demand for **AI servers and switches** [2][10]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Demand Surge for High-Speed High-Frequency PCB Materials**: The demand for materials such as **Ma 8** has significantly increased, with expectations for **Ma 9** to be widely adopted by the second half of 2026. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for LOWDK electronic cloth is projected to reach **50%** in the coming years [2][8]. 2. **Special Fiberglass Cloth Market Growth**: Sales forecasts for special fiberglass cloth are **90 million meters** in 2025, **140 million meters** in 2026, and **210 million meters** in 2027, driven by product iterations and increased penetration of **1.6T switches** [2][11]. 3. **Second-Generation Materials**: The application of second-generation materials in high-end products is increasing, but growth is limited by supply shortages and yield ramp-up issues. The market potential remains significant as penetration rates are expected to improve with advancements in technology [2][3]. 4. **Low Thermal Expansion Fiber Cloth**: This material is essential for advanced packaging processes to address chip heat dissipation issues, with a projected CAGR of **70%** over the next two years, particularly driven by demand from **TSMC** and **Apple** [2][15]. 5. **Supply-Demand Dynamics**: The industry is experiencing tight supply conditions, with **Nitto Denko** and **China National Materials** as major suppliers. Even with full capacity utilization, a supply-demand gap is anticipated in 2025 and 2026 due to low yields in high-end products [2][16]. Additional Important Insights 1. **Market Position of Key Players**: - **Taiwan's Taiming** holds over **70%** market share in AI servers and plans to expand capacity, indicating a strong growth outlook for the industry from late 2024 to mid-2027 [4][20]. - **China National Materials** is positioned as a core company in the industry, with expectations for significant sales growth driven by high-end product upgrades [17][21]. 2. **Technological Barriers**: The industry faces two main technological barriers: formulation barriers for second-generation materials and process difficulties related to electrical performance and bubble treatment in fibers [26]. 3. **Future Market Projections**: The PCB market is expected to grow significantly, with projections of **$20 billion** by 2030, driven by a compound growth rate of **20%** in computing power and a potential **$15 billion** market for LODK materials [14]. 4. **Performance Expectations for China National Materials**: The company anticipates a main revenue of **1.7 billion** yuan in 2025, with special fiberglass contributing approximately **300-400 million** yuan. If the special fiberglass market reaches **20 billion** yuan, the company's revenue could potentially reach **8 billion** yuan with a profit of around **3 billion** yuan [25]. Conclusion The conference call highlights a robust growth trajectory for the special fiberglass cloth and high-speed PCB materials industry, driven by technological advancements and increasing demand from AI and high-end applications. The interplay between supply constraints and market opportunities presents both challenges and significant potential for key players like China National Materials and Taiming.