1. Report Industry Investment Rating - The report maintains a cautiously optimistic view and recommends cautious long - positions [6][7] 2. Core View - The US Treasury Secretary indicated an intention to ease the tariff situation, but the domestic market has become "immune" to tariff policies. The current market trading core focuses more on domestic policy expectations. Positive policy expectations under domestic policy guidance support the index to some extent. However, judging from the futures - spot basis of stock index futures, market sentiment is not optimistic, with the historical percentile of the volume - weighted average basis of stock index futures, except for IH, being below 5%. Attention should be paid to the Politburo meeting at the end of April. If substantial favorable policies are released, the index is expected to rise. Before that, a cautiously optimistic view is maintained [6] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Market Review - Today, the stock index was mainly volatile. Taking the CSI 300 as an example, it closed up 0.08. In terms of funds, the trading volume of the two markets increased by 13.9712 billion yuan. Among stock index futures, IH declined with increasing volume, while other varieties rose with increasing volume [4] Important Information - A package of policies to expand domestic demand is on the way! Guangdong, Shanghai and other places are planning to introduce the "Special Action Plan to Boost Consumption". The US Treasury Secretary Yellen said at a closed - door investor meeting on April 22 that the tariff deadlock is unsustainable, and the situation is expected to ease in the near future [5] Strategy Recommendation - Cautiously go long [7] Stock Index Futures Market Observation | | IF | IH | IC | IM | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Main contract intraday gain/loss | 0.03% | - 0.38% | 0.16% | 0.87% | | Volume | 8.4129 | 4.0501 | 8.7116 | 22.5306 | | Volume MoM | 1.7351 | 0.4849 | 1.4745 | 2.2728 | | Open interest | 247,788 | 80,695 | 208,458 | 319,302 | | Open interest MoM | 3,049 | 1,842 | 7,911 | 5,569 | [8] Stock Spot Market Observation | | Name | Value | | --- | --- | --- | | | Shanghai Composite Index gain/loss (%) | - 0.10 | | | Shenzhen Component Index gain/loss (%) | 0.67 | | | Ratio of rising to falling stocks | 1.55 | | | Trading volume of the two markets (billion yuan) | 122.9714 | | | Trading volume MoM (billion yuan) | 13.9712 | [9]

Core Viewpoint - Service consumption is a key focus of policies aimed at boosting domestic demand, with significant growth potential in both supply and demand sides, particularly in the tourism and cultural industry [1][2][3] Group 1: Service Consumption Policies - The Ministry of Commerce and nine other departments have issued a "Service Consumption Quality Improvement Action Plan for 2025," outlining 48 specific measures across various sectors including dining, accommodation, health, and tourism [2] - The government's frequent issuance of work plans to support service consumption has enhanced market expectations for policy support [2] Group 2: Tourism and Cultural Industry - The tourism and cultural industry is characterized by its large capacity, broad scope, high resilience, and strong driving force, making it a significant area for potential subsidies to stimulate consumption [3] - Historical data indicates that tourism consumption subsidies can have a multiplier effect, with ratios ranging from 1:4 to 1:5, and in some cases, as high as 1:12 [3] Group 3: Beneficiary Sectors - Key sectors expected to benefit from the "old-for-new" policy include platforms, transportation, accommodation, scenic spots, and dining [4][5] - Past consumption voucher distributions show that hotel accommodation typically accounts for 20%-40%, scenic spot tickets for 15%-30%, and transportation for 5%-20% of total subsidies [5] Group 4: Investment Strategy - With the government's clear direction to stimulate domestic demand, there is an expectation of continued policy support for service consumption [7] - The upcoming May Day holiday is projected to maintain high passenger traffic growth, with airline ticket prices expected to turn positive, indicating a significant holiday effect [7]

Economic Overview - The first quarter of 2025 showed a good economic start, with March export data exceeding expectations, driven by a "rush to export" effect, leading to a year-on-year export growth rate of 12.4%[6] - Core economic indicators such as consumption, investment, and real estate showed significant improvement, primarily due to the effectiveness of growth stabilization policies[6] - Fixed asset investment grew by 4.3% year-on-year, with manufacturing and infrastructure investment being the main drivers[6] Trade and Policy Implications - The recent trade conflict that erupted in early April did not impact the first quarter's economic performance; instead, the "rush to export" provided some support[7] - The upcoming April Politburo meeting is expected to focus on macroeconomic policies aimed at stabilizing growth, with a high probability of further policy implementation[7] Domestic Demand Expansion - Expanding domestic demand is identified as the government's primary task for 2025, with a focus on childcare subsidies, real estate, and tourism[8] - Recent policies include increased childcare subsidies and support for the real estate market, indicating a commitment to releasing market potential[8] Market Expectations - Since late February, market expectations for the 2025 performance of the Wind All A Index have weakened, with the consensus forecast for net profit declining from CNY 66,149.50 billion to CNY 63,991.29 billion, a drop of 3.26%[10] - This decline reflects a market reassessment of the U.S. government's trade stance towards China, particularly following tariff increases[10] Market Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index increased by 1.19%, while the CSI 300 rose by 0.59%, indicating a stronger performance compared to other indices like the ChiNext and the CSI 500, which saw declines[5] - The overall A-share market's price-to-earnings ratio is currently at 17.95, up by 1.02% from the previous week[5]

广发证券 资深宏观分析师 贺骁束 hexiaoshu@ gf.com.cn 广发宏观郭磊团队 摘要 第一， 工业部门开工率同比涨跌互现，其中钢铁、焦化等内需链仍偏强，纺服产业链相关的江浙织机开工率 有一定放缓迹象，有待后续继续观察确认。截至4月第三周，全国247家高炉开工率（期末值，下同）同比增 长3.0pct；焦化企业开工率同比增长6.8pct。苯乙烯开工率同比增长0.6pct；PTA江浙织机负荷率同比回落 8.1pct，环比回落5.0pct；涤纶长丝江浙织机开工率同比回落16.4pct，环比回落7.7pct；山东地炼开工率 同比回落6.3pct；PVC开工率同比增长0.5pct。汽车半钢胎开工率同比回落2.6pct，全钢胎开工率同比增长 1.9pct。 第二， 中电联口径，截至4月10日纳入统计的发电集团燃煤电厂本月累计发电量同比下降6.4%。这一数据和 3月大致相当，今年3月1-27日同一口径燃煤发电量同比回落6.7%。近年来新能源发电占比迅速提升，火电 对经济的代表性下降，如一季度统计局口径火电、风电、太阳能发电同比增长分别为-4.7%、9.3%、 19.5%，所以燃煤发电数据只有同口径对比的意义。 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" investment rating for the food and beverage industry, indicating an expected outperformance of over 10% compared to the market index [10]. Core Insights - The March retail sales data exceeded expectations, with a total of 40,940 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 5.9%, driven by the effects of the "old-for-new" policy [5]. - The restaurant sector showed strong resilience, with March dining revenue reaching 4,235 billion yuan, a 5.6% increase year-on-year, supported by policies aimed at expanding domestic demand [6]. - The report highlights specific investment opportunities in various segments, including high-performance liquor brands and efficient dairy producers, as well as emerging snack and beverage companies [7]. Summary by Sections Market Performance - The food and beverage sector has shown mixed performance over different time frames, with a decline of 2.9% over the last month and a 5.7% increase over the last three months, while the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index has decreased by 5.6% in the last month but increased by 5.8% over the last year [1]. Retail Sales Data - In the first quarter of 2025, the total retail sales amounted to 124,671 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 4.6% [5]. - The significant growth in retail sales of optional consumer goods, such as home appliances and furniture, was noted, with increases of 35.1%, 29.5%, and 28.6% respectively [5]. Investment Opportunities - The report recommends specific companies within the liquor sector, such as Shanxi Fenjiu and Shede Liquor, which are expected to show high performance due to low base effects [7]. - In the dairy sector, companies like Modern Farming and Youran Dairy are highlighted for their cost efficiency and production advantages [7]. - The snack food segment is also seen as having growth potential, with recommendations for companies like Wancheng Group and Youyou Foods, which are expected to benefit from channel expansions and new product categories [7].

Core Insights - The report indicates that after the tariff impact, there is a need for policies to stimulate domestic demand, with expectations for more incremental policies to be introduced in the upcoming Politburo meeting, particularly in consumption, real estate, and livelihood areas [2][5][10] - The report highlights that the recent tariff adjustments have led to a marginal improvement in the negative impacts of tariffs, with the market expected to recover and enter an upward cycle [2][9] - The report emphasizes that the focus for the year will be on domestic demand policies and the application of AI technologies [9][10] Policy Directions - Consumption policies are expected to be strengthened, with historical precedents showing that direct cash subsidies and supply-side optimization are effective during severe external shocks [11][12] - The real estate sector may see increased efforts in city-specific policies and urban village renovations, aiming to stabilize the housing market [13] - Livelihood policies may include nationwide childbirth subsidies and measures to stabilize employment, reflecting a broader commitment to social welfare [14] Market Dynamics - The report notes that the recent fluctuations in the A-share market were primarily due to external shocks, including trade tensions and global market volatility [5][6] - The report indicates that the sales of excavators and new energy vehicles have shown significant year-on-year growth, suggesting a recovery in certain sectors [5] - The report mentions that the ETF market has seen record inflows, indicating strong institutional support for the A-share market [44][46] Tariff Exemptions - The report details that the U.S. has granted significant tariff exemptions on electronic products, which could positively impact China's exports to the U.S., with an estimated export value of $100.2 billion affected by these exemptions [49]

文 ｜ 明明 余经纬 秦楚媛 彭阳 周昀锋 王楠茜 王淦 耶鲁研究 表明若美国平均关税税率提升1%，则PCE会提升0 . 1% 。我们测算对等关税若全部落地（不考虑反制措施），美国加权平均关税税 率将提升1 7 . 9%，对应推升美国PCE 1 . 8%左右，会对美国经济产生较大的负面冲击。对等关税落地的时间差或为各个国家与美国谈判的窗 口，并且白宫公告表明"如果贸易伙伴采取重大措施补救非互惠贸易安排并在经济和国家安全事务上与美国保持一致，则降低关税"。当前泰 国、韩国等国家已表示将与美国就关税问题进行谈判。因而最后对等关税最终是否会全部落地还需观察等待，存在部分国家积极谈判后关税税 率下降或被豁免的可能性。 市场避险情绪浓厚，美联储降息预期升温。 特朗普对等关税落地推动1 0年期美债利率大幅下行，美股期货集体跳水，纳指期货跌幅至4%，市 场预期年内美联储降息次数升至3次。考虑特朗普关税落地后将在一季度后的美国通胀中显现，并且市场通胀预期已经在今年一季度明显上 升，因而此轮美联储降息或将较为被动，或会在就业等经济数据明显恶化后才重启降息。 ▍ 大类资产后续如何演绎？ 北京时间4月3日凌晨，美国总统特朗普在白宫 ...

今年国民经济发展计划重视兼顾新兴产业培育和供求关系调节，在化解产业结构性矛盾方面做出更 多部署，新质生产力培育的重心也有进有退。扩内需政策重心仍聚焦基建、制造业投资、消费，促 消费不仅加大以旧换新实施力度，还在收入端推出更多措施，扩投资更强调提高效益，边际上增加 对土地和地产收储的支持，并给地方更多自主权。财政预算报告方面，今年广义财政支出增速较前 几年明显提升，主要受益于第二本账发力。消费税征收环节后移并下划地方、新业态税收制度改革 有望在今年逐渐落地，前者有助于缓解地方收支占比不平衡的矛盾，减轻生产企业资金压力，并引 导地方改善消费环境，后者的目的一方面可能是平衡新业态和传统业态的税负，另一方面也可能意 在减轻新业态相关税收向大城市过度集中，以及税收征管困难等问题。 ▍ 今年国民经济发展计划重视兼顾新兴产业培育和供求关系调节，在化解产业结构性矛盾方面做 出更多部署，新质生产力培育的重心也有进有退。 近年来偏低的物价环境在一定程度是由于产业结构性矛盾引起，国民经济报告在制定物价目标时 提出"改善供求关系，使价格总水平处在合理区间"。相应的，国民经济报告对化解产业结构性矛 盾做出更多部署，重点提及石油化工（减 ...