Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell is set to announce a new monetary policy framework aimed at addressing the current high inflation environment and redefining the balance between price stability and employment promotion [1][2]. Inflation and Employment Market Changes - Since 2020, the global economy has faced unprecedented shocks, leading the Federal Reserve to adopt a more accommodative monetary policy framework focused on ensuring broad and inclusive employment growth before inflation concerns [2]. - The post-pandemic economic recovery has not been smooth, resulting in the highest inflation rates in decades, which has forced the Federal Reserve to reassess its policy objectives [2]. - Currently, the inflation rate in the U.S. has reached its highest level in 40 years, significantly impacting the lives of ordinary citizens and presenting challenges for businesses [2]. Key Content of the New Framework - The new framework is expected to prioritize inflation control, indicating that the Federal Reserve will closely monitor inflation data and may implement stricter monetary policy measures if necessary [3]. - The framework will not completely abandon the "inclusive employment" concept from 2020 but will aim to promote healthy employment growth based on inflation control [3]. - The new framework may revert to a "classic inflation targeting" approach, directly focusing on a 2% inflation target, which could enhance policy transparency and predictability, thereby boosting market confidence [3]. Impact of Policy Adjustments - The announcement of the new framework is likely to have profound effects on financial markets, with a significant reduction in the likelihood of interest rate cuts in the short term, potentially affecting bond and stock market performance [4]. - The implementation of the new framework may influence the prices of safe-haven assets like gold, as high inflation typically drives demand for gold as a hedge, but successful inflation control could lead to decreased demand and lower prices [4]. - The new framework will also impact the international monetary system, as the Federal Reserve's policy moves are closely monitored by other central banks, potentially prompting them to adjust their monetary policies in response to high inflation and employment challenges [4].

Group 1: Monetary Policy Framework - Japan's monetary policy framework has undergone several structural changes since the introduction of the zero interest rate policy in February 1999, primarily due to prolonged deflation and economic stagnation[1] - The direct goal of the monetary policy framework from 2013 to 2023 was to address the long-term economic stagnation and chronic deflation that followed the bursting of the economic bubble in the early 1990s[2] - The introduction of the quantitative and qualitative easing (QQE) policy in April 2013 aimed to double the monetary base within two years to stabilize inflation at 2%[2] Group 2: Key Policy Components - The QQE policy was complemented by the introduction of negative interest rates in January 2016 and the yield curve control (YCC) policy in September 2016[3] - The QQE policy led to a temporary increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) growth rate to 3.7% in 2014, but it fell back to around 0% due to declining global commodity prices and an increase in the consumption tax[2] - The negative interest rate policy aimed to lower nominal interest rates below the natural rate and alter overall inflation expectations, with excess reserves divided into three categories with different interest rates[3] Group 3: Economic Impact - Japan's natural rate of interest has been on a downward trend since the 1990s, contributing to weak demand and low corporate growth expectations[2] - The prolonged deflation led to a stagnation in the normal economic cycle, where price increases, corporate profits, wage growth, and demand expansion became disconnected[2] - The structural issues in Japan's economy resulted in a shift from a capital shortage to an excess savings situation among firms, leading to "balance sheet recession" and low potential GDP growth rates[2]

Core Viewpoint - The internal divisions within the Federal Reserve have been exaggerated, and the recent actions of two board members do not undermine Chairman Powell's position [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Federal Reserve Leadership - Dudley suggests that Waller's call for interest rate cuts is motivated by his ambition to succeed Powell as Chairman, while Bowman is acting in her supervisory capacity as Vice Chair [1] Critique of Monetary Policy - Dudley has expressed criticism of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy framework established in 2020, highlighting flaws and the inadequate consideration of the costs and benefits of quantitative easing [1] Defense of Powell's Position - Despite his criticisms, Dudley believes that the attacks on potential successors to Powell are somewhat excessive [1]

Core Viewpoint - The internal divisions within the Federal Reserve have been exaggerated, and recent actions by two board members do not undermine Chairman Powell's position [1] Group 1 - Dudley suggests that Waller's call for interest rate cuts is motivated by his ambition to succeed Powell as Chairman, while Bowman is acting in her supervisory capacity as Vice Chair [1] - Dudley acknowledges his criticisms of the Federal Reserve, including flaws in the 2020 monetary policy framework and the inadequate consideration of the costs and benefits of quantitative easing [1] - Despite his criticisms, Dudley believes that the attacks on potential successors to Powell are somewhat excessive [1]

Economic Overview - The internal momentum of the US economy is weakening, with the Atlanta Fed's GDPNOW model predicting a 0.4 percentage point decline in Q2 real GDP growth to 3.4% [2] - Personal consumption expenditure (PCE) growth has decreased by 0.6 percentage points to 1.9%, primarily due to a slowdown in the services sector [2] - Private investment growth (excluding inventory) has dropped by 0.8 percentage points to 0.4%, with significant contractions in real estate (-4.4%) and construction (-3.4%) [2] - The job market remains stable, with weekly initial jobless claims falling by 0.3 thousand to 245 thousand, aligning with seasonal levels [2] - The worsening situation in the Middle East is increasing inflationary pressures, as indicated by the Truflation daily inflation index rising by 8 basis points to 2.14% [2] Fiscal and Monetary Policy - Fiscal policy remains expansionary, with a weekly fiscal surplus of $18.5 billion, which is weaker than seasonal levels but stronger than historical averages [3] - The Federal Reserve maintained a wait-and-see stance during the June meeting, with the dot plot indicating that 7 out of 18 members do not expect rate cuts this year [3] Market Performance - Overseas markets showed muted performance last week, with the US dollar slightly rebounding and US Treasury yields fluctuating [4] - The US stock market was nearly flat, up 0.1%, with expectations that the most significant tariff impacts have passed, potentially leading to a renewed upward trend driven by corporate earnings resilience [4] - However, high valuations and increased tariffs may limit upward potential [4] - The strategy suggests maintaining a neutral position on US stocks with a balanced allocation [4] Chinese Economic Conditions - Domestic demand shows mixed signals, with strong automotive consumption but a slowdown in real estate transactions [6] - In June, average daily retail sales of passenger cars reached 48,000 units, a 17% year-on-year increase [7] - Real estate sales are declining, with new home transaction volumes in 30 major cities dropping by 8.6% year-on-year [7] - The land market is also cooling, with land supply and transaction volumes decreasing [7] External Demand and Trade - High-frequency data indicates a potential slowdown in China's export growth in June, with port cargo and container throughput growth rates declining [8] - Exports to the US may have seen some recovery, while exports to non-US regions are expected to decline from previous highs [8] Fiscal Performance - In May, fiscal revenue growth slowed, with public budget revenue increasing by only 0.1% year-on-year [9] - Tax revenue growth decreased to 0.6%, while non-tax revenue turned negative for the first time in 2024 [9] - Government spending growth was also slower, with a 2.6% increase year-on-year [9] Market Strategy - The bond market is showing strength, with short-term rates performing well due to a stable funding environment [10] - The A-share market experienced a slight decline, with uncertainties in corporate earnings and the need for further policy support for real estate and consumption [12] - The Hong Kong stock market is facing risks of correction, with high valuations and unstable fundamentals [12]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has decided to maintain the benchmark interest rate at 4.25%-4.50%, aligning with market expectations, while expressing a cautious stance amid ongoing economic uncertainties [1][2][4]. Economic Conditions - Current economic uncertainty has decreased but remains high, with the Fed's language showing no significant changes from May [1][2]. - The market is increasingly concerned about the potential economic issues arising from prolonged high interest rates, especially in the context of complex global trade dynamics and tariff policies [2][3]. Monetary Policy Outlook - Fed Chair Powell emphasized a flexible approach to future monetary policy, closely monitoring tariff policies and inflation data as key determinants [2][3]. - Recent economic data suggests a potential for rate cuts, with May's CPI showing a year-over-year increase of 2.4% and core CPI at 2.8%, indicating moderate inflation pressures [2][4]. Labor Market Insights - The unemployment rate remains at 4.2%, but recent non-farm payroll data showed job additions below expectations, indicating signs of labor market weakness [2][3]. - The ADP report indicated the lowest job additions in two years for May, further highlighting labor market concerns [2]. Communication Strategy - The Fed's communication strategy reflects a tendency to maintain a hawkish tone while allowing for policy flexibility, particularly in uncertain macroeconomic conditions [3][4]. - Research indicates that central banks tend to adopt conditional and scenario-based communication during high uncertainty, which helps maintain market confidence and policy flexibility [3]. Future Rate Cut Expectations - The Fed may shift its focus from inflation control to growth support, especially if inflation expectations can be effectively managed [4][5]. - A potential transition to a more flexible inflation targeting framework could indicate an increased tolerance for inflation above 2%, suggesting greater policy flexibility [5]. - Projections indicate that the Fed may accelerate rate cuts in late 2025 or early 2026, with an expected reduction of 75-100 basis points throughout 2025 [1][5].

Group 1 - The core focus of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy framework evaluation in 2025 includes summarizing lessons from the past five years, discussing improvements in communication methods, and assessing the effectiveness of the monetary policy framework [1][2][10] - The "Consensus Statement" established in 2012 set a 2% inflation target and has remained unchanged, emphasizing the Fed's commitment to its dual mandate [2][9] - The need for periodic updates to the monetary policy framework is highlighted, as economic structures evolve over time, necessitating adjustments in strategies, tools, and communication methods [2][3] Group 2 - The transition from "average inflation targeting" back to "traditional inflation targeting" is discussed, with the recognition that regular evaluations of economic structural changes are essential [3][6] - The experience of living in a "new normal" characterized by low rates and low inflation since the 2008 financial crisis is noted, with the federal funds rate being stuck at the zero lower bound for an extended period [4][5] - The importance of anchoring inflation expectations at an appropriate low level is emphasized, as it plays a crucial role in maintaining price stability while achieving full employment [9][10] Group 3 - The Fed plans to complete the review of the "Consensus Statement" revisions in the coming months, focusing on the 2020 updates and the latest economic understanding [10][11] - There is a consensus among participants regarding the expression of "employment shortfall," indicating a shift in focus from merely preventing inflation to assessing employment conditions [5][10] - The need for improved communication regarding predictions, uncertainties, and risks is acknowledged, with an emphasis on the importance of effective communication in complex economic environments [11]

Economic Performance - In April, the US PPI decreased by 0.5%, significantly below the expected increase of 0.2%, indicating a temporary absorption of tariff costs by manufacturers and service providers[13] - Initial jobless claims remained stable at 229,000, reflecting resilience in the US labor market[15] - Retail sales in April showed a marginal increase of 0.1%, lower than the expected 0% and a revised previous value of 1.7%[19] Inflation and Tariff Impact - The inflationary impact of tariffs is expected to manifest later, as April's economic data shows structural damage due to tariffs, but current economic activities are rebounding[5] - Walmart's earnings report indicated strong sales but warned of future price increases due to the inability to absorb tariffs long-term[5] Federal Reserve Policy Adjustments - The Federal Reserve is considering modifying its policy framework to adapt to changing economic conditions, potentially returning to a traditional inflation target of 2%[20] - The recent adjustment in the Fed's framework is not expected to significantly impact current monetary policy decisions in the short term[21] Credit Rating and Fiscal Policy - Moody's downgraded the US credit rating from Aaa to Aa1, citing rising government debt and interest payment risks, marking a significant shift as all major rating agencies have now rated the US below the highest tier[24] - The House of Representatives has advanced a tax reform bill that could increase the deficit by approximately $4 trillion over the next decade, further straining fiscal policy[25] Market Risks - The recent recovery in US equities faces skepticism regarding the sustainability of the dollar's rebound, with global funds yet to systematically adjust their positions in US stocks[26] - Rising interest rates are expected to limit further gains in the stock market, as the current environment pressures non-US markets and commodities[27]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles indicates that the gold market is experiencing a notable adjustment due to a decrease in risk aversion stemming from improved US-China trade relations, leading to a shift of funds from safe-haven assets to risk assets [1][3] - The recent week saw a significant outflow from gold ETFs, exceeding 4 billion yuan, as investors reacted to the easing of trade tensions, which has resulted in a short-term increase in the adjustment magnitude of precious metals [1] - The gold market currently lacks the foundation for a new upward momentum, with high short-term volatility and a rational adjustment process observed in the precious metals market, as indicated by the stable gold-silver ratio around 100 [2] Group 2 - The US-China trade negotiations have progressed beyond expectations, with the US agreeing to significantly reduce tariffs on Chinese goods, which has contributed to a more favorable market environment [3] - The Federal Reserve is considering revising its monetary policy framework in response to changing inflation and interest rate prospects, indicating potential challenges for the economy and central bank [3] - Moody's has downgraded the US sovereign credit rating from Aaa to Aa1, citing persistent budget deficits as a concern, which may impact investor sentiment and market dynamics [3] Group 3 - The gold ETF (159937) allows investors to gain exposure to gold without the costs associated with physical storage and authentication, enhancing capital efficiency through a T+0 trading mechanism [4]

Group 1 - The report highlights that the results of the US-China talks exceeded expectations, with significant tariff reductions announced. China's tariff on US goods will decrease from 125% to 10%, while the US will reduce tariffs on Chinese goods from 145% to 30% for a period of 90 days, which has positively impacted market sentiment [2][3] - The report emphasizes the return of the technology narrative, particularly with the US and Saudi Arabia reaching an AI agreement, which includes a $200 billion investment in AI data centers and infrastructure in the US. Additionally, the lifting of AI chip export restrictions by the Trump administration is noted [2][3] - Inflationary pressures are easing, with the US April CPI falling to 2.3%, below market expectations, and the PPI also showing a significant decrease to 2.4%. This has led to increased expectations for interest rate cuts [3][4] Group 2 - The report indicates that the US stock market is expected to experience volatility in the short term due to unresolved issues such as the downgrade of the US sovereign rating and ongoing geopolitical risks. However, a potential turning point for the market may occur in Q3, driven by strong economic fundamentals and corporate earnings resilience [4][6] - The Hong Kong stock market is showing signs of recovery, with the Hang Seng Index rising for five consecutive weeks, supported by positive outcomes from US-China negotiations. The report maintains a cautiously optimistic outlook for the Hong Kong market, expecting continued fluctuations [4][6] - The report notes that global stock ETFs saw a net inflow of $29 billion, with significant inflows into the technology sector, while the energy sector experienced the largest outflows. This trend reflects a shift in investor sentiment towards growth sectors [6][28]