Core Points - The U.S. House of Representatives passed a large tax and spending bill with a narrow margin, which has sparked controversy due to significant cuts to social security funding and concerns over increasing federal deficits [1][2][3] - The bill aims to extend tax cuts from Trump's first term, provide new tax deductions, increase defense spending, and allocate more funds for immigration enforcement while cutting green energy incentives and raising eligibility thresholds for medical assistance and food aid [1][2] Group 1 - The bill includes a reduction of nearly $800 billion in medical assistance funding, which is expected to have a significant political risk as it affects a large portion of the population relying on this program for health insurance [2][3] - The Congressional Budget Office estimates that if the bill becomes law, the lowest 10% of households will see a decrease in resources, while the highest 10% will benefit [2] - The bill is projected to increase federal debt by approximately $3 trillion compared to a baseline scenario where Trump's tax cuts would not be extended [3] Group 2 - The U.S. national debt has reached $36.2 trillion, and Moody's has downgraded the U.S. sovereign credit rating from Aaa to Aa1 due to rising debt and interest expenses [3] - The bond market has shown volatility, with the 30-year Treasury yield rising to 5.15%, reflecting investor concerns over the federal government's debt issues [4] - Federal Reserve officials have expressed the need for the government to adhere to fiscal discipline, warning that the current deficit levels are unsustainable [4]

智通财经APP获悉，若想推动参议院通过第二任期核心立法议程，唐纳德·特朗普不得不直面更严苛的"选民"——日益膨胀的美国国债持有者。这 位总统刚在众议院以微弱优势通过特朗普"大而美"减税法案，却可能陷入参议院更复杂的博弈：蓝州共和党人就税收优惠讨价还价，保守派议员 在支出问题上临阵倒戈，而债券市场正用收益率飙升发出赤字警报。 据了解，法案通过过程充满戏剧性：为争取纽约、加州等高税州共和党人支持，2017年税改中设定的州和地方税抵扣上限从1万美元被抬升至4万 美元。但周三30年期美债收益率跳涨12个基点，为共和党强硬派提供了新筹码。俄亥俄州议员沃伦·戴维森作为两名反对者之一表示："债券市场 已表明态度。" 参议院多数党领袖约翰·图恩定下6月攻坚时间表，但强调最终法案必须"实质性削减支出"。无党派国会预算办公室此前预警，即便没有新税改， 2029年债务/GDP比也将创历史新高。穆迪在降级声明中直言，美国经济实力"难以抵消财政指标恶化"。 图1 众议院通过的法案包含针对小费工作者、购车族、老年人等关键选民群体的税收减免，但参议院共和党人已放出削减开支的风声。南卡罗来纳州 议员拉尔夫·诺曼直言："我们需要多少次警钟才能 ...

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Report Summary 1. Investment Ratings - No specific industry investment ratings are provided in the report. 2. Core Views - **Equity Index**: The Trump tax - cut bill barely passed in the House of Representatives and still faces challenges in the Senate. Fed理事沃勒 said the tax - cut bill triggered the selling of US Treasuries, and if tariffs stabilize, there may be an interest rate cut in the second half of the year. US May Markit manufacturing and services PMIs exceeded expectations and expanded, with the price index rising again. The Eurozone's May PMI unexpectedly contracted, and the service sector had its worst performance in 16 months. After the US - Japan finance ministers' meeting, the US said "no exchange - rate discussion, the current exchange rate reflects fundamentals", and Japan said "no discussion on US Treasuries". In the domestic market, the rotation is fast, the main driving force of the market is weak, and the equity index may fluctuate [1]. - **Treasury Bonds**: Recently, the market has entered a data vacuum zone, lacking new positive or negative factors, and oscillation has become the consensus. From the futures trend, the long - and short - side forces are evenly matched. During the oscillation period, when it touches the upper or lower limit of the range, there will be short - term confrontations between the long and short sides. Without incremental information or fundamental data guidance in the short term, the oscillation pattern is expected to continue, and the market may continue to focus on spread mining [3]. 3. Strategy Recommendations - **Equity Index**: Adopt a defensive and wait - and - see strategy [2]. - **Treasury Bonds**: Bullish in the short term [4]. 4. Market Review - **Equity Index**: The main contract futures of the CSI 300 index fell 0.05%, the main contract futures of the SSE 50 index rose 0.1%, the main contract futures of the CSI 500 index fell 0.7%, and the main contract futures of the CSI 1000 index fell 0.81% [6]. - **Treasury Bonds**: The 10 - year main contract rose 0.01%, the 5 - year main contract rose 0.0%, the 30 - year main contract fell 0.04%, and the 2 - year main contract rose 0.0% [9]. 5. Technical Analysis - **Equity Index**: The KDJ indicator of the Shanghai Composite Index shows a possible oscillating operation with adjustment risks [7]. - **Treasury Bonds**: The KDJ indicator of the T main contract shows an oscillating operation and may rebound [10]. 6. Futures Data | Date | Futures Variety | Closing Price (Yuan/Zhang) | Increase/Decrease (%) | Trading Volume (Lots) | Open Interest (Lots) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | CSI 300 Main Continuous | 3879.60 | - 0.05 | 52835 | 143884 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | SSE 50 Main Continuous | 2715.40 | 0.10 | 28918 | 51342 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | CSI 500 Main Continuous | 5614.80 | - 0.70 | 53832 | 116140 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | CSI 1000 Main Continuous | 5950.00 | - 0.81 | 148619 | 195203 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | 10 - Year Treasury Bond Main Continuous | 108.81 | 0.01 | 65126 | 156071 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | 5 - Year Treasury Bond Main Continuous | 105.98 | - 0.00 | 47004 | 116615 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | 30 - Year Treasury Bond Main Continuous | 119.52 | - 0.04 | 67554 | 82843 | | 2025 - 05 - 22 | 2 - Year Treasury Bond Main Continuous | 102.37 | - 0.00 | 34274 | 100554 | [12]

Market Overview - The A-share market experienced a decline on Thursday, with the Shanghai Composite Index falling by 0.22% to close at 3,380.19 points, the Shenzhen Component Index down by 0.72%, and the ChiNext Index decreasing by 0.96%. The total trading volume in the A-share market was 1.10 trillion RMB, with over 4,200 stocks declining. Only the banking, media, and household appliance sectors saw gains, while the beauty care and social services sectors led the losses. Concept sectors such as mobile gaming and terahertz technology performed well, while epoxy propylene and graphite electrode concepts faced significant declines. In the Hong Kong market, the Hang Seng Index dropped by 1.19%, and the Hang Seng Tech Index fell by 1.70%. Internationally, the U.S. stock indices showed mixed results, with the Dow Jones remaining flat, the S&P 500 down by 0.04%, and the Nasdaq up by 0.28%. European and Asia-Pacific markets also experienced declines [2][6]. Important News - The tax reduction bill proposed by U.S. President Trump passed the House of Representatives with a narrow margin on May 22. The bill aims to reduce taxes by over 4 trillion USD over the next decade and cut at least 1.5 trillion USD in spending. It will also raise the U.S. debt ceiling by 4 trillion USD, which is lower than the 5 trillion USD sought by the Senate [3][7]. - Xiaomi held its 15th-anniversary strategic product launch on May 22, unveiling three new products equipped with its self-developed Xuanjie chip: the Xiaomi 15S Pro, Xiaomi Pad 7 Ultra, and Xiaomi Watch S4 15th Anniversary Edition. The highly anticipated Xiaomi YU7, the company's first SUV, was also officially launched, positioned as a "luxury high-performance SUV" with features like laser radar and extended battery life, set to be released in July. Xiaomi's founder Lei Jun stated that the company has committed to chip development for at least 10 years with an investment of over 50 billion RMB, and plans to invest an additional 200 billion RMB in core technology research and development over the next five years [3][7].

特朗普已对数十个美国贸易伙伴实施了10%的基础关税，并暂时搁置了征收更高关税的计划。他还对许 多中国进口商品加征了30%的关税，此前对中国商品征收的关税甚至曾超过100%。 尽管近期对华关税有所缓解，经济学家普遍预计特朗普的贸易政策将抑制经济增长，并推高通胀水平。 沃勒重申，他预计与关税相关的通胀上行将是暂时的。 他指出，如果政府恢复更高水平的关税，将"对通胀造成更大影响，并大大限制我们对短期利率的调整 空间"。 沃勒的讲话是在特朗普标志性的减税法案以微弱优势在众议院获得通过后不久发表的。该法案接下来将 提交参议院审议，内容包括延续特朗普第一任期的减税政策、提高美国债务上限，并进一步增加联邦财 政赤字。 美联储理事克里斯托弗·沃勒周四表示，如果特朗普政府对美国贸易伙伴征收的关税维持在约10%的水 平，美联储可能在2025年下半年开始降息。 沃勒周四在接受福克斯商业频道采访时表示："如果我们能将关税降到接近10%，并且在7月前尘埃落 定、彻底落实，那么下半年我们就处于一个不错的位置。" 他补充道："那美联储就有良好条件，在下半年进行一系列降息行动。" 由于整体经济表现稳健，以及对特朗普关税政策的不确定性，美联储 ...

经过表决前最后一刻的修修补补，特朗普2.0任期计划出台的标志性减税法案终于在美国众议院涉险过关，以赞成票仅比反对票多一票的微弱优势被送往参 议院。 议案在众院获批后，包括美国总统特朗普在内的共和党人暂时欢呼胜利。而面对美国政府负债加剧的争议，以及共和党党内的斗争，这项提出大规模减税与 支出的法案若要在参议院顺利通关，看来还难度不小。参议院的共和党人已经承诺，要对众议院通过的议案版本作出一些改动，那意味着在参议院必然会有 一番"撕扯"。 市场观察人士担忧，该法案的举措可能扩大美国政府的预算赤字，导致美债市场承受更大压力。毕竟，从本周三开始，30年期美国国债的收益率就稳处 5.0%上方，在周四回落以前，连日创2023年10月以来新高。 215票对214票，上千页篇幅减税案临"闯关"前数十处修改 据新华社报道，当地时间5月22日周四，美国众议院以215票赞成、214票反对的表决结果通过一项大规模税收与支出法案。所有民主党议员和两名共和党议 员投了反对票，另有一名共和党议员投弃权票。 法案获得众议院通过后，就此被提交参议院，接下来，将由参议院决定，它能否被送往特朗普的办公桌签字成为立法。 华尔街见闻此前提到，减税案进 ...

美国美国行政管理和预算局（OMB）主任沃特：特朗普的减税法案不会影响赤字。 ...

美国总统特朗普："美丽大法案"减税法案具有重大意义。 ...

每经记者｜郑步春 每经编辑｜肖芮冬 周四A股普跌，小微股领跌。截至收盘，上证综指跌0.22%至3380.19点；深综指跌0.95%，创业板综指 跌1.15%，科创50指数跌0.48%，北证50指数跌6.15%。全A总成交额为11397亿元，较周三的12144亿元 有所减少。 银行、保险、煤炭、石油、公共交通等权重股逆势上涨，军工股表现也相对不错。其余多数个股下跌， 其中近期表现较好的小盘股回调明显。若分行业看，电池、非金属材料、工程咨询服务、汽车服务、专 业服务、美容护理、仪器仪表、电子化学品、食品饮料等板块跌幅居前。 关于小盘股的回调，多数机构认为主要原因是小盘股最近涌入的资金过多，交易过分拥挤，一旦市场情 绪出现些许波动，便随时可能回吐。 其他市场方面，隔夜美国金融市场出现"股汇债三杀"局面，美股三大股指跌幅均在1%以上。债市方 面，美30年期公债收益率由4.973%升至5.094%，20年期公债收益率由4.998%升至5.122%，10年期由 4.487%升至4.601%。汇市方面，美元指数显著下跌0.40%至99.61点。 周四港股恒指跌1.19%，恒生科技指数跌1.70%。人民币汇率周三小有升值，周 ...