芦哲、张佳炜（芦哲系东吴证券首席经济学家、中国首席经济学家论坛成员） 核心观点 核心观点：本周公布的美国7月核心CPI环比结束连续五个月的弱于预期，但由于数据并未超预期，市场加码押注降息，并形成"降息预期升温→经济软着陆 预期强化"的交易组合，导致2年美债利率、美元指数下跌，同时10年TIPS、10年美债利率、美股上涨，黄金下跌。随后，7月PPI在批发贸易服务推动下大 超预期，反映关税的影响仍在进行之中。向前看，关税本身的变化、对批发、零售、终端消费的影响时长时点、幅度仍然存在不确定性，叠加非农、CPI等 数据质量的恶化，我们预期9月降息并非板上钉钉。偏乐观的情形下，我们预期今年2次降息，分别发生在9、12月；偏悲观情形下，我们预期今年1次降息， 发生在10月。因此短期看，当前市场定价的9月0.845次、全年降息2.187次的降息预期过于乐观，9月FOMC前需警惕降息预期回调的风险。中期看，我们预 期2026年5月美联储新主席上台后，货币政策将更宽松，悲观、基准和乐观情形下明年将分别有4、5和6次降息。因此9月FOMC后，市场当前计价的2026年 仅3次的降息预期料将升温。策略上，我们预期9月FOMC前美元指 ...

美国总统特朗普(Donald Trump)在周五与俄罗斯总统普京(Vladimir Putin)举行峰会前夕表示，他相信俄 罗斯总统普京已准备好结束乌克兰的战争，但实现和平可能至少需要乌克兰领导人参加第二次会晤。 摘要随着美俄阿拉斯加峰会进入倒计时，市场神经持续紧绷。得益于美元走弱，金价周五（8月15日） 小幅上涨，现货黄金一度逼近3350美元/盎司，但由于美国最新通胀数据表现强劲，市场对美联储大幅 降息的预期降温，金价本周仍可能录得下跌。 随着美俄阿拉斯加峰会进入倒计时，市场神经持续紧绷。得益于美元走弱，金价周五（8月15日）小幅 上涨，现货黄金一度逼近3350美元/盎司，但由于美国最新通胀数据表现强劲，市场对美联储大幅降息 的预期降温，金价本周仍可能录得下跌。 美元指数今日呈现回落态势，失守98关口，这主要是因为投资者在周末前获利了结，同时对美国近期经 济数据的乐观情绪有所降温。在短期内，8月21日至23日召开的美联储年度杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会将 成为关键事件，美联储主席鲍威尔的讲话可能会为市场提供关于美联储未来货币政策走向的重要线索， 从而影响美元走势。 现货白银周五（8月15日）亚市盘中吸引逢低买盘介 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - All commodities in the report are rated as "volatile" [1][2][4][5][6] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The crude oil market is affected by factors such as the Fed's interest - rate cut expectations, the "Trump - Putin Summit", and the market is in a state of waiting for further guidance with an increase in risk - aversion sentiment. The oil price has rebounded from a low level, but the final outcome of the talks needs to be monitored [1]. - The fuel oil market is under pressure due to sufficient supply and falling spot premiums. The high - sulfur fuel oil's summer power - generation demand is waning, and the upward space for both high - and low - sulfur fuel oils is not optimistic [2]. - The asphalt market is expected to show a pattern of increasing supply and demand in August. In the short term, the price will likely fluctuate within a range due to the lack of a clear one - sided driver [2][4]. - The polyester market is affected by the decline in crude oil prices. With the recovery of supply and demand, the polyester chain follows the decline in the cost - end crude oil price [4]. - The methanol market has a situation where the Iranian device load has recovered to a high point, the port inventory has increased rapidly, suppressing the near - month price. However, the main contract will switch to January, and the subsequent winter port destocking will limit the downward space, maintaining a near - weak and far - strong structure with narrow - range price fluctuations [5]. - The polyolefin market is approaching the peak demand season of "Golden September and Silver October". The supply will remain at a high level after the end of the maintenance season, and the demand is expected to increase. The overall upward space is limited, and the price is expected to fluctuate within a narrow range [5]. - The PVC market has high - level supply fluctuations and gradually recovering demand. The supply - demand gap is narrowing, and the inventory is expected to decline slowly. The price is expected to fluctuate weakly [6]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Research Views - **Crude Oil**: On Thursday, oil prices rose. The WTI September contract closed up $1.31 to $63.96 per barrel, a 2.09% increase; the Brent October contract closed up $1.21 to $66.84 per barrel, a 1.84% increase; SC2509 closed at 488.2 yuan per barrel, up 4.6 yuan per barrel, a 0.95% increase. The Fed's interest - rate cut expectations may boost market demand. The "Trump - Putin Summit" is about to take place, and the market is waiting for the outcome. The oil price has rebounded from a low level, and the overall view is "volatile" [1]. - **Fuel Oil**: On Thursday, the main fuel oil contract FU2509 on the SHFE closed down 1.03% at 2700 yuan per ton; the low - sulfur fuel oil main contract LU2510 closed down 0.23% at 3449 yuan per ton. Singapore's on - land fuel oil inventory decreased, and the spot premium of low - sulfur fuel oil in Singapore fell to a four - month low. The overall view is "volatile" [2]. - **Asphalt**: On Thursday, the main asphalt contract BU2509 on the SHFE closed down 0.4% at 3510 yuan per ton. This week, the sample shipment volume of 54 domestic asphalt enterprises decreased, and the capacity utilization rate of 69 sample modified asphalt enterprises increased. The supply is expected to increase, and the demand is expected to recover, with the price expected to fluctuate within a range. The view is "volatile" [2][4]. - **Polyester**: TA509 closed down 0.55% at 4666 yuan per ton; EG2509 closed down 0.89% at 4367 yuan per ton. Some MEG devices are shut down, and some polyester devices are restarted. The overall view is "volatile" [4]. - **Methanol**: The Iranian device load has recovered to a high point, the port inventory has increased rapidly, suppressing the near - month price. The main contract will switch to January, and the price is expected to maintain a near - weak and far - strong structure with narrow - range fluctuations. The view is "volatile" [5]. - **Polyolefin**: The maintenance season is coming to an end, and the supply will remain high. With the approaching of the peak demand season, the demand is expected to increase. The price is expected to fluctuate within a narrow range. The view is "volatile" [5]. - **Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)**: The supply remains at a high - level fluctuation, the demand is gradually recovering, and the price is expected to fluctuate weakly. The view is "volatile" [6]. 3.2 Daily Data Monitoring - The report provides the base - price data of multiple energy - chemical varieties on August 15, 2025, including spot prices, futures prices, basis, basis rates, and their changes and historical quantiles [7]. 3.3 Market News - The Russian government is considering extending the full ban on gasoline exports until September [9]. - South Korea did not import Iranian crude oil in July this year and last year, and its crude oil imports in July this year were 11.3 million tons, slightly higher than the same period last year [9]. 3.4 Chart Analysis - **4.1 Main Contract Prices**: The report presents the closing - price charts of the main contracts of various energy - chemical products from 2021 to 2025, including crude oil, fuel oil, low - sulfur fuel oil, asphalt, LPG, PTA, ethylene glycol, etc. [11][13][15][17][19][21][24] - **4.2 Main Contract Basis**: It shows the basis charts of various products such as crude oil, fuel oil, low - sulfur fuel oil, asphalt, etc. from 2021 to 2025 [25][27][31][32][33][37] - **4.3 Inter - period Contract Spreads**: The report provides the spread charts of different contracts of fuel oil, asphalt, PTA, ethylene glycol, PP, LLDPE, natural rubber, etc. [39][41][44][47][50][51][54] - **4.4 Inter - variety Spreads**: It includes the spread charts of different varieties such as crude oil's internal - external market, B - W spread, fuel oil's high - low sulfur spread, BU/SC ratio, ethylene glycol - PTA spread, etc. [56][60][58] - **4.5 Production Profits**: The report shows the production - profit charts of ethylene - based ethylene glycol, PP, LLDPE, etc. [64][66] 3.5 Team Member Introduction - The research team members include Zhong Meiyan, Du Bingqin, Di Yilin, and Peng Haibo, each with their own professional fields and rich experience and honors [69][70][71][72] 3.6 Contact Information - The company's address is Unit 703, 6th Floor, No. 729 Yanggao South Road, China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The company phone is 021 - 80212222, the fax is 021 - 80212200, the customer service hotline is 400 - 700 - 7979, and the postal code is 200127 [74]

Core Viewpoint - The recent fluctuations in gold prices are influenced by multiple factors, including U.S. tariff policies, Federal Reserve interest rate expectations, and geopolitical tensions, leading to a volatile market environment [2][3][4]. Group 1: Gold Price Movements - Domestic gold price (99.95%) is quoted at 777.98 CNY per gram, down 0.87% [1]. - International gold price stands at 3403.6 USD per ounce, down 0.03% [2]. Group 2: Influential Factors - U.S. Tariff Policy: The U.S. Customs and Border Protection has ruled that certain gold bars require tariffs, causing market turbulence and a spike in gold futures prices. However, the White House plans to clarify and maintain tariff exemptions, creating selling pressure on gold [2]. - Federal Reserve Rate Cut Expectations: The market anticipates a nearly 90% probability of a rate cut by the Federal Reserve in September, which is favorable for non-yielding gold. Recent employment data supports the argument for three rate cuts this year [3]. - Geopolitical Risks: Ongoing uncertainty in the Russia-Ukraine conflict and other geopolitical events contribute to a risk premium for gold as a safe-haven asset. The U.S.-China tariff truce and meetings between U.S. and Russian leaders add to market uncertainty [4]. Group 3: Market Outlook - The gold market is expected to remain volatile in the short term due to the interplay of tariff policies, Federal Reserve rate cut expectations, and geopolitical tensions. Attention will be focused on U.S. inflation data and policy direction, with high uncertainty surrounding gold prices [4]. - In the long term, if the Federal Reserve cuts rates and geopolitical risks persist, gold may continue to be supported as a safe-haven asset [4].

Group 1 - Gold futures are currently trading around 780.08, with a reported price of 781.80 CNY per gram, reflecting a decline of 0.51% [1] - The highest price reached was 788.92 CNY per gram, while the lowest was 780.04 CNY per gram, indicating a short-term bearish trend for gold futures [1] Group 2 - European countries and NATO have expressed strong support for Ukraine, emphasizing that any diplomatic solution must prioritize the security interests of Ukraine and Europe [3] - The EU's High Representative for Foreign Affairs highlighted the unique influence of the U.S. in pushing for serious negotiations with Russia, stressing that any agreements must include the perspectives of Ukraine and the EU [3] - NATO Secretary General described the upcoming Trump-Putin summit as a test for Putin's willingness to end the conflict, asserting that any agreement must recognize Ukraine's sovereignty and allow Ukraine to determine its geopolitical future [3] Group 3 - Key resistance levels for gold futures are identified between 788 CNY per gram and 847 CNY per gram, while important support levels are between 768 CNY per gram and 817 CNY per gram [4] - The technical outlook indicates that December gold futures still hold a short-term technical advantage for bulls, although momentum has weakened [4] - The next upward target for bulls is to close above the key resistance level of 3509.00 USD, while bears aim to push prices below the critical support level of 3300.00 USD [4]

Group 1: CPI Expectations - July CPI is expected to rise, with Bloomberg analysts predicting a month-on-month increase of +0.2% and a year-on-year increase of +2.8%[2] - Core CPI is forecasted to increase by +0.3% month-on-month and +3.0% year-on-year[2] - The Federal Reserve's Inflation Nowcasting predicts a month-on-month increase of +0.16% for CPI and +0.24% for core CPI, with year-on-year increases of +2.72% and +3.04% respectively[2] Group 2: Market Reactions - The expectation of a rate cut has increased due to geopolitical easing, leading to a rise in U.S. stock markets, with the S&P 500 and Nasdaq gaining 2.43% and 3.87% respectively[3] - U.S. Treasury yields rose, with the 10-year yield increasing by 6.7 basis points to 4.283% and the 2-year yield rising by 8.1 basis points to 3.762%[3] - The dollar index decreased by 0.97% to 98.18, while spot gold prices rose by 1.02% to $3,397 per ounce[3] Group 3: Economic Indicators - The ISM Services PMI for July recorded at 50.1, below the expected 51.5, indicating a slowdown in service sector growth[3] - New orders fell to 50.3 and the employment index dropped to 46.4, suggesting weakening demand in the services sector[3] - The New York Fed's consumer survey indicated a one-year inflation expectation of 3.09%, up from 3.02%[3] Group 4: Risks and Future Outlook - The implementation of tariffs may lead to further inflationary pressures, with the potential for CPI to rise in the coming months[4] - There is a risk that the Federal Reserve's rate cuts could lead to an inflation rebound if executed too aggressively[4] - The nomination of Stephen Milan to the Federal Reserve Board may increase internal disagreements regarding future interest rate paths[3]

Core Viewpoint - The gold market is currently in a volatile phase, with expectations surrounding the upcoming U.S. non-farm payroll data influencing trading strategies [1][2]. Group 1: Market Analysis - Recent gold price movements have shown a slight rebound, closing at $3289, indicating a small bullish trend despite overall bearish sentiment [1]. - The rebound in gold prices is attributed to increased global trade uncertainties, rising inflation pressures in the U.S., and heightened geopolitical tensions [1]. - The upcoming U.S. non-farm payroll report is critical, as weak data could reignite rate cut expectations, potentially boosting gold prices, while strong data may reinforce a hawkish stance from the Federal Reserve, putting downward pressure on gold [1][2]. Group 2: Technical Analysis - The recent rebound in gold prices was stronger than anticipated, suggesting limited adjustment space in the short term, with key support around $3270 and resistance near $3300 [2]. - A breakout above the $3300 level could lead to testing the 10 and 20-day moving averages around $3340, while a negative non-farm report could push prices down to the $3260-$3250 range [2]. - The suggested trading strategy includes short positions at $3300-$3305 with a stop loss at $3315 and a target of $3250 [3]. Group 3: Upcoming Economic Data - Key economic indicators to watch include the U.S. unemployment rate, adjusted non-farm employment figures, and average hourly wage data, all scheduled for release at 20:30 on August 1 [4]. - Additional data points include the final value of the S&P Global Manufacturing PMI, ISM Manufacturing PMI, and consumer confidence index, which will provide further insights into the economic landscape [4].

拉长时间线来看，开年以来国际金价表现亮眼，伦敦现货黄金自2625美元/盎司位置启动，一举在今年3 月中旬冲破3000美元历史性关口，更在4月下旬涨至3500美元，年内最高涨幅超33%，远超2024年27% 的全年涨幅。 不过，在狂飙之后，黄金进入震荡整理区间，截至目前，伦敦现货黄金年内涨幅回吐至25.7%。对此， 中国（香港）金融衍生品投资研究院院长王红英分析指出，一方面，全球地缘军事冲突趋于缓和，且美 国政府与包括欧盟、日本在内的部分国家达成贸易关税协议，抑制了整体黄金的避险情绪。另一方面， 短期内美元处于强势状态，压制了黄金价格进一步上涨的趋势，致使目前黄金处于震荡整理的价格状 态。消息面上，当地时间7月30日，美联储公布了最新的利率决议，仍将基准利率维持在4.25%—4.50% 区间不变，未实施降息。 在上海金融与发展实验室首席专家、主任曾刚看来，金价的起伏和变化，最核心的原因在于市场情绪和 多空因素的相互作用。最直接的驱动力，是投资者对于宏观经济环境的预期不断变化。现在全球经济还 处在复苏和调整的阶段，很多数据出来后都会影响投资者的信心。另一个因素，是市场对于美联储和其 他主要央行货币政策的揣测。 " ...

Core Viewpoint - Rongyang Industrial (02078) is expected to report a loss of approximately HKD 26.6 million in the first half of 2025, following a profit of about HKD 5.9 million in the first half of 2024 [1] Financial Performance - Revenue is projected to decline from approximately HKD 433.9 million in the first half of 2024 to HKD 242.8 million in the first half of 2025 [1] - Gross margin is expected to decrease from around 17.2% in the first half of 2024 to approximately 11.8% in the first half of 2025 [1] Contributing Factors - The shift from profit to loss is attributed to ongoing geopolitical tensions, changing trade policies, and a slower-than-expected economic recovery in several key markets, which have negatively impacted customer sentiment and order volume [1] - The decline in order volume has limited cost absorption and increased production costs, further affecting profitability [1]

Core Viewpoint - The recent fluctuations in gold prices are attributed to a balance of structural factors between bullish and bearish sentiments, with short-term profit-taking and the Federal Reserve's unchanged policy contributing to the current consolidation phase [1][3][6]. Price Movement - After reaching a peak of $3438.80 per ounce, gold prices have retreated below $3300, with a low of $3268.02 on July 30 and a recovery to $3295 by July 31 [1][3]. - Year-to-date, gold prices have shown a significant increase, starting from $2625 per ounce and peaking at $3500, reflecting a maximum gain of over 33% this year, although the current year-to-date increase has decreased to 25.7% [3][5]. Investment Demand - Despite the recent price volatility, global demand for gold investment remains strong, with a reported 477 tons of gold investment demand in Q2 2025, a 78% year-on-year increase [5]. - The inflow into gold ETFs reached 170 tons, with the Chinese market showing record performance, contributing 464 billion RMB (approximately $65 billion) in inflows and an increase of 61 tons in holdings [5]. Central Bank Activity - In Q2 2025, global central banks added 166 tons of gold to their reserves, indicating sustained high levels of gold purchases despite a slight slowdown in pace [5]. - The ongoing geopolitical uncertainties and inflationary pressures are expected to maintain central banks' interest in gold as a safe-haven asset [5][6]. Market Sentiment and Future Outlook - Market sentiment is influenced by changing expectations regarding the macroeconomic environment and monetary policy from the Federal Reserve and other central banks [4]. - Analysts suggest that gold prices are likely to maintain a strong medium to long-term support due to ongoing geopolitical tensions and inflation concerns, although short-term price movements may remain volatile [6][7].