Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the final thoughts and reflections of Zhu Rui, a prominent philosopher, as he faced terminal cancer, culminating in his last work titled "The Philosopher's Last Lesson" [1][8]. Group 1: Zhu Rui's Illness and Final Days - Zhu Rui was diagnosed with late-stage rectal cancer in the summer of 2022 and fought the disease for over a year, returning to teaching despite undergoing chemotherapy [2][4]. - He completed his last book through a series of conversations while in a palliative care unit, ultimately passing away on August 1, 2024, at the age of 56 [1][4]. Group 2: Philosophical Insights - Zhu Rui emphasized that fear of death stems from ignorance, and he believed that understanding death is essential to living a meaningful life [5][6]. - He viewed death not as an end but as a part of life, suggesting that it should be embraced rather than feared [6][5]. Group 3: Educational Philosophy and Social Concerns - Zhu Rui's teachings attracted significant attention, with classes often exceeding capacity, reflecting his impact on students and society [4]. - He expressed a desire for individuals to connect their desires with the values of their actions, advocating for a society with diverse aspirations and reduced internal competition [5][11]. Group 4: Personal Reflections and Legacy - Zhu Rui's sister, Zhu Sumei, noted that his approach to death and life profoundly influenced her perspective, highlighting the importance of his philosophical insights [9][10]. - His focus on self-esteem in education was rooted in his own experiences, emphasizing the need for individuals to understand their own value and identity [12][11].

"内卷"不仅危害制造业，其对消费领域的危害同样不容忽视。在"内卷"的环境下，企业为了降低成本， 往往采取低质低价、偷工减料等手段，导致市场上充斥着大量质量不过关的产品。这些产品不仅无法满 足消费者的基本需求，甚至可能对消费者的健康和安全构成威胁。同时，"内卷"还导致了售后服务的缺 失，消费者在购买产品后往往难以享受到应有的售后服务保障，加剧了消费纠纷的发生，这不仅损害了 消费市场的健康规范发展，也阻碍了消费需求释放。 因此，"反内卷"不仅有利于制造业良性发展，更利好消费市场和消费者。只有企业和商家有了合理的利 润空间，才能摆脱低价竞争的恶性循环，实现健康、持续发展。合理的利润是企业进行技术创新、提升 产品品质、完善售后服务的基础。当企业不再为生存而挣扎时，将有更多的资源投入到产品研发和服务 优化上，从而为消费者提供更好的产品和服务。这将形成良性循环，进一步推动消费市场的繁荣和消费 需求的释放。 去年7月，中共中央政治局会议首次提出"防止内卷式恶性竞争"，标志着"反内卷"上升到国家层面。今 年7月份中央财经委第六次会议强调，纵深推进全国统一大市场建设，要聚焦重点难点，依法依规治理 企业低价无序竞争，引导企业提升 ...

Group 1 - The core idea of strategy is to "occupy a place," emphasizing the importance of making choices about what to pursue and what to forgo [2][3][4] - Companies should focus on large markets or sectors, as larger markets provide more growth opportunities and can accommodate multiple large enterprises [2][3] - Not all companies need to target large markets; specialized small and medium enterprises can thrive in niche industries [3] Group 2 - Effective management hinges on understanding and motivating employees, which is fundamental to successful leadership [4][5] - Key responsibilities of a chairman include strategic decision-making, selecting the right people for execution, and communicating the company's culture and strategy [5][6][7] - The concept of "bureaucratic disease" can affect both large and small companies, leading to inefficiencies and low morale [10][11] Group 3 - Leadership qualities essential for effective management include direction, affinity, responsibility, and decisiveness, with cultural differences influencing these traits [12][13] - Companies should foster collaboration across departments to avoid the "silo effect," which can hinder efficiency and communication [15][16][17] Group 4 - The phenomenon of "involution" in various industries, characterized by excessive competition and price wars, can be addressed through consolidation, industry self-regulation, and innovation [26][27][28] - Companies should focus on differentiation and high-end product offerings to escape the cycle of price competition and enhance profitability [29][30] Group 5 - Understanding pricing strategies is crucial for business success, as effective pricing can significantly impact profitability [31][32][33] - Companies should not solely pursue low prices, as this can lead to unsustainable business practices and hinder innovation [34][35][36] Group 6 - The balance between continuous and disruptive innovation is vital for companies to remain competitive, requiring distinct teams for each type of innovation [39][40][41] - Emphasizing the process of work and contribution over mere results can lead to a more fulfilling and productive corporate culture [44][45][46]

Group 1: Monetary Policy and Economic Impact - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) maintained the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) at 3.05% for one year and 3.5% for five years, aligning with market expectations due to the current low interest rate environment [1] - The low interest rate policy aims to stimulate economic growth and stabilize the real estate and stock markets, with adjustments made to mortgage rates to support the housing market [1] - There is limited potential for significant increases in housing prices, as expectations have fundamentally changed, and the low interest rate policy primarily seeks to prevent a sharp decline in property values [1] Group 2: Industrial Growth and Economic Recovery - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) proposed a new round of growth stabilization plans for key industries such as steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals, and building materials, indicating more policies will be implemented in the second half of the year [3] - China's GDP grew by 5.3% in the first half of the year, and further stabilization policies are needed to achieve the annual growth target of around 5% [3] - The stock market is expected to benefit from the economic recovery, with the Shanghai Composite Index surpassing 3500 points and the Hang Seng Index exceeding 25000 points, indicating potential for increased investment opportunities [3] Group 3: Trade and Inflation Concerns - The trade war initiated by President Trump has led to rising costs for American businesses, with the Federal Reserve reporting price increases across all regions, particularly affecting manufacturing and construction sectors [4] - The increase in tariffs has pressured profit margins for companies, leading some to pass costs onto consumers, which may contribute to inflationary pressures [4] - Despite the challenges posed by tariffs, China's economy showed resilience with a 5.3% GDP growth, driven by strong consumer spending, which accounted for 52% of GDP growth [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article argues that the concept of the middle class is a constructed ideology rather than a stable, objective reality, leading to a sense of instability and anxiety among individuals who identify with this class [3][4][5]. Group 1: Nature of the Middle Class - The middle class is portrayed as a myth that promises upward mobility through personal effort, while obscuring the underlying class struggles [4]. - The identity of the middle class is based on individual narratives rather than solid power structures or real production [4][5]. - The financialization of assets, such as housing, creates a situation where individuals do not own property but rather long-term debt contracts, leading to instability [5]. Group 2: Systemic Risks and Individual Responses - Individuals face systemic risks that are often beyond their control, leading to a phenomenon termed "breaking defense" as a response to these pressures [7][15]. - The media and algorithms play a role in amplifying individual anxieties by simplifying complex social issues into emotionally charged narratives [9]. - The article highlights a growing trend of individuals rejecting the label of "middle class," recognizing the instability of this identity [12][13]. Group 3: The Role of Narratives - The narrative of "breaking defense" fills a void left by the failure of the traditional success story, resonating with many who feel disconnected from their efforts and rewards [8]. - The article discusses how social media platforms contribute to a cycle of anxiety and consumption, creating a commercial loop of anxiety and solutions [9][10]. Group 4: Potential Solutions - The article suggests a shift from a vertical narrative of competition to a horizontal narrative focused on connection and creation, emphasizing the importance of community and personal skills [18]. - It advocates for redefining assets to focus on personal skills and relationships rather than market-dependent valuations [19][20]. - The call to action includes building genuine relationships and self-identity based on intrinsic values rather than consumer symbols [19][20].

Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of "involution" is pervasive across individuals, enterprises, and industries, leading to a situation where effort and innovation yield diminishing returns, prompting calls for systemic solutions to address this issue [1][4][6]. Group 1: Causes of Involution - The photovoltaic industry is highlighted as a prime example of severe "involution," with projected losses exceeding 60 billion yuan in 2024, despite its global leadership in patents and market share [4]. - Factors contributing to "involution" include insufficient demand leading to price wars, and an oversupply situation where production capacity exceeds demand by 100% [5][6]. - The lack of effective resource allocation and innovation within companies exacerbates the issue, as firms engage in price competition without enhancing product value [5][10]. Group 2: Solutions to Involution - Companies are encouraged to innovate and explore international markets as strategies to combat "involution," with differentiation and creating barriers to entry being crucial [6][9]. - A shift in corporate culture from aggressive competition to collaborative innovation is recommended, fostering a more harmonious ecosystem among competitors [10]. - Government intervention is deemed essential, focusing on creating a competitive environment that protects intellectual property and encourages diverse forms of competition [10][11].

"我们不想卷，我觉得这样卷没意义。"7月16日晚间，美团核心本地商业CEO王莆中在媒体 上首次公开回应"外卖大战"。 王莆中重点谈及两方面问题：一是美团不愿参与"内卷"，最后还是被卷入，但参战是为了生 存。二是外卖大战带来很多泡沫，希望社会各界能够讨论和反思。 在7月5日、7月12日，美团即时零售订单量分别达1.2亿、1.5亿，两次突破历史峰值。王莆 中表示，美团参战是为了自保和生存。"别人用非理性的方式冲击你，你被迫反击。如果在主 营业务上我们不参与的话，连转AI的机会也没有了。" 这场由电商平台掀起的"外卖大战"，也给餐饮产业带来影响。北京南城香餐饮有限公司创始 人、董事长汪国玉就表示，外卖大战下餐饮商家整体线上渗透率明显增加，但客单价下滑、 利润率下降也是肯定的。 "我们也在行业里呼吁四个月了。"王莆中表示，商战如果不能推动进步，这个战场就没有赢 家。而且对于大部分正餐品牌来说，外卖补贴大战，影响到堂食正常的经营秩序，也不可持 续。 他表示，希望呼吁和帮助行业回归理性，大家公平竞争。 在此前美团2025年股东周年大会上，美团CEO王兴在回答外卖竞争问题时，也强调美团会非 常坚决地反对"内卷"：不健康的无 ...

Group 1 - The market regulatory authority has summoned major platform companies like Ele.me, Meituan, and JD.com, urging them to comply with laws and regulations and to engage in rational competition [2] - The competitive landscape has been characterized by intense rivalry, with companies feeling compelled to engage in battles that may not be sustainable, leading to a distorted market mechanism [2] - The ongoing "burning money" strategies by some leading companies are creating market bubbles and harming overall industry and consumer interests, indicating a need for a more sustainable approach to competition [2] Group 2 - The platform economy should focus on service rather than capital competition, and the current subsidy wars among delivery platforms could serve as an opportunity to optimize industry competition [3] - Regulatory bodies are encouraged to play a more active role in defining subsidy limits based on company size and operational status, and to scrutinize practices like excessive spending to capture market share [3] - Companies are advised to move away from the mindset of "having to compete" and instead engage in rational competition for long-term stability and growth [3]

Core Viewpoint - The current competition among major platforms in the instant retail sector should not be viewed solely through the lens of "low price = internal competition," but rather as a market-driven approach that promotes consumption and stimulates domestic demand [1][9]. Group 1: Instant Retail Market Dynamics - On July 14, Taobao Flash Sale and Ele.me announced their daily order volume surpassed 80 million, while Meituan reported 150 million orders, and JD.com announced over 25 million orders, bringing the total daily orders in this sector to approximately 250 million [2]. - The ongoing debate about whether this instant retail battle is leading to a price war is prevalent, with platforms like Meituan and Taobao Flash Sale attempting to distance themselves from the concept of "internal competition" by promoting substantial subsidies [3][4]. - The emergence of the flash sale model is a response to the saturation of traditional e-commerce and aims to create new demand rather than merely competing for existing market share [5]. Group 2: Consumer Behavior and Market Growth - The flash sale model has resulted in a significant increase in daily order volume, from around 100 million before JD.com entered the market to approximately 250 million now, indicating a market increment of over 100 million orders [5]. - The core value of flash sales is not just speed but the reconfiguration of the "people-goods-scene" logic, enhancing consumer experience from delayed delivery to immediate purchase [5]. - The competition is not limited to food delivery but encompasses a broader range of services and products, leading to the concept of "big consumption" that transcends traditional categories [6]. Group 3: Impact on Domestic Consumption - The current economic strategy emphasizes expanding domestic demand and boosting consumption, with platforms leveraging flash sales to stimulate consumer spending [7]. - Service-oriented consumption has a higher frequency of demand compared to durable goods, making it a critical area for driving consumption growth [8]. - The flash sale subsidy strategy has significantly increased demand for high-frequency consumption scenarios, effectively acting as a distributor of consumption vouchers [9].

Group 1: Understanding Involution - Involution refers to a form of excessive competition that harms economic development, characterized by a lack of qualitative change and merely quantitative accumulation[4] - The term originated from agricultural production, highlighting the contradiction between population growth and limited land resources, leading to intensified competition for economic opportunities[10] - Involution manifests at various levels, including individual laborers facing high work pressure, intense competition among enterprises, and regional economic conflicts[11] Group 2: Government Actions Against Involution - The Central Economic Work Conference in December 2024 announced comprehensive measures to address "involution-style" competition, indicating a shift in policy focus[16] - The government aims to promote a unified national market, eliminate local protectionism, and address market fragmentation, which contributes to involution[17] - The Central Finance Committee's meeting on July 1, 2025, emphasized the need to regulate low-price disorderly competition and improve product quality, marking a significant step in combating involution[22] Group 3: Investment Opportunities - The ongoing anti-involution campaign is expected to transform and boost the Chinese economy over the long term, particularly in sectors like new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaics[23] - Industries where China holds a global monopoly, such as photovoltaics, are anticipated to experience stronger anti-involution measures compared to those facing international competition pressures[23] - The report identifies potential investment opportunities in both emerging industries and traditional sectors with historical overcapacity issues, such as steel and cement[23] Group 4: Risks and Challenges - The progress of anti-involution measures may face delays and challenges due to the need for changes in development concepts and institutional frameworks[24] - Local governments and enterprises may encounter difficulties and resistance in implementing the proposed measures effectively[24]