11月28日，A股市场表现疲软，中证石化产业指数逆势上行，现涨约0.35%，成分股恒逸石化、兴 发集团、川发龙蟒等领涨。相关ETF方面，石化ETF（159731）近10个交易日有9个交易日获得资金净 流入，合计"吸金"2575万元。 国信证券提示，投资方向上可留意三大结构主线：一是宏观中期趋势下的资源和出海链；二是强产 业趋势下的科技"AI+"；三是政策驱动的"反内卷"及自主可控。同时，阶段性关注估值相对低位、存在 困境反转预期的食品饮料、化工和地产链上的优质公司。 石化ETF（159731）及其联接基金（017855/017856）紧密跟踪中证石化产业指数，从申万一级行 业分布来看，基础化工行业占比为60.8%，石油石化行业占比为32.2%，有望充分受益于反内卷、调结 构和淘汰落后产能等政策。 每日经济新闻 （责任编辑：张晓波 ） 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不对所包含内容 的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。请读者仅作参考，并请自行承担全部责任。邮箱： news_center@staff.hexun.com ...

Market Overview - In November, the A-share market experienced a general decline, with the STAR Market 50 index dropping the most by 7.1%, while the Shanghai 50 index fell the least by 1.3%. Other major indices such as CSI 300, ChiNext, and CSI 1000 saw declines of -2.7%, -4.5%, and -3.4% respectively. The performance across industries showed significant divergence, with sectors like comprehensive services, banking, and media leading in gains [1][8][10] - The Hong Kong stock market also showed a volatile trend in November, influenced by fluctuations in the Federal Reserve's interest rate expectations and increasing concerns over the AI bubble. As of November 26, 2025, the Hang Seng Hong Kong 35 index rose by 1.1%, while the Hang Seng Index and Hang Seng China Enterprises Index saw minimal changes of 0.1% and -0.1%, respectively. The Hang Seng Technology Index dropped by 4.9% [1][10][11] A-share Insights - The market is believed to still be in a bull phase, but may enter a period of wide fluctuations in the short term. Compared to previous bull markets, there remains considerable room for index growth, but the emphasis on a "slow bull" policy may prioritize the duration of the bull market over its magnitude. Short-term catalysts appear weak, leading to a potential focus on defensive and consumer sectors, while TMT and advanced manufacturing sectors are recommended for mid-term attention [2][13][14][16][19] - In the context of market fluctuations, defensive sectors such as banking, utilities, and coal, along with consumer sectors like food and beverage, are highlighted as potential areas for investment. Historical trends suggest that previously lagging sectors may perform better during periods of market turbulence [16][17] Hong Kong Market Insights - The outlook for the Hong Kong market remains positive, with expectations of continued upward movement due to strong overall profitability and relatively low valuations. The "dumbbell" strategy is recommended, focusing on technology growth and high dividend stocks. Key areas of interest include domestic policies supporting self-sufficiency in chips and high-end manufacturing, as well as independent internet technology companies [3][21][24] - The report emphasizes the importance of high dividend, low volatility strategies, particularly in sectors such as telecommunications, utilities, and banking, which can provide stable returns [21][24] Stock Recommendations - For December 2025, the A-share stock selection includes: Sunlord Electronics, Zhongji Xuchuang, Huayou Cobalt, Sinopec, PetroChina, Zhengguang Co., Haier Smart Home, Hengli Hydraulic, Hangcha Group, and Goldwind Technology [26][27] - The recommended stocks for the Hong Kong market include: Tencent Holdings, China Mobile, China Tower, CNOOC Services, Huiju Technology, Sinopec Engineering, and AIA Group [30][31]

Market Overview - The three major indices experienced fluctuations, with mixed performance observed across the market [1][3] - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3875.26, up by 0.29%, while the Shenzhen Component Index fell by 0.25% to 12875.19 [2] Sector Performance - The top-performing sectors included light industry manufacturing (up 1.09%), basic chemicals (up 1.01%), and petroleum and petrochemicals (up 0.90%) [2] - Conversely, sectors such as media and retail showed declines, with the media sector down by 1.40% and retail down by 1.20% [2] Concept Indices - Notable concept indices included organic silicon (up 3.29%), new technology stocks (up 2.12%), and sodium-ion batteries (up 1.99%) [2][4] - Underperforming concepts included the Hainan Free Trade Zone and cultivated diamonds, which saw declines of 2.65% and 1.67% respectively [2][4] Future Outlook - The market is expected to remain cautious due to ongoing uncertainties in the overseas environment, with a notable shift towards risk aversion among investors [5] - Positive factors supporting market growth include sustained investment interest in AI and new energy sectors, as well as domestic policies aimed at improving the business environment [5] Regulatory Developments - The National Development and Reform Commission is addressing issues related to price competition in various industries, aiming to establish standards to mitigate disorderly pricing practices [4]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Overseas: On the evening of November 21st, the New York Fed President's speech hinted at a possible near - term interest rate cut, boosting the December rate - cut expectation. The Fed's expectation management may be shifting, and key figures might turn dovish in the next two weeks. Attention should be paid to the speeches of key Fed voting members and potential new chair nominations around Thanksgiving [8]. - Domestic: The internal driving force remains weak and stable. The issuance of 500 billion yuan of policy - based financial instruments in October, the accelerated issuance of special bonds in November, and the release of debt - resolution surplus quotas may bring marginal benefits to Q4 infrastructure investment. The LPR has remained stable since May, indicating that the central bank may not be in a hurry to further relax policies in the short term. New and second - hand housing sales have rebounded month - on - month, land supply has increased, but land transactions remain low. The demand and production capacity of real - estate front - end and back - end physical work have declined month - on - month [8]. - Asset Views: Due to differences among Fed policymakers on a December rate cut, a hawkish Fed October meeting minutes, and strong September non - farm payroll data, the December rate - cut expectation was initially suppressed, and the US dollar index rose. Global equity sectors and base metals like copper were under pressure. However, the New York Fed President's dovish speech on Friday boosted the December rate - cut expectation. It is recommended to allocate assets evenly in Q4. With the market sentiment lifted, short - term risk appetite may improve. Attention should be paid to the opportunity to allocate stocks, non - ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, tin), and precious metals at low prices [8]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Macro Highlights - Overseas Macro: The New York Fed President's speech on November 21st hinted at a possible near - term interest rate cut, and the Fed's expectation management may shift. Key figures may turn dovish in the next two weeks. Focus on key Fed voting members' speeches and potential new chair nominations around Thanksgiving [8]. - Domestic Macro: The issuance of policy - based financial instruments, special bonds, and debt - resolution surplus quotas may benefit Q4 infrastructure investment. The LPR has been stable, suggesting no urgent need for short - term policy relaxation. Housing sales have rebounded, but land transactions are low, and real - estate physical work demand and capacity have declined [8]. - Asset Views: Fed's mixed signals initially pressured the December rate - cut expectation and boosted the US dollar index. The New York Fed President's speech later changed the situation. It is recommended to allocate assets evenly in Q4 and look for low - price allocation opportunities in stocks, non - ferrous metals, and precious metals [8]. 3.2 Viewpoint Highlights 3.2.1 Financial - Stock Index Futures: Hotspots have limited persistence. Wait for the main line. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on incremental funds [9]. - Stock Index Options: The market is gradually dominated by long - term factors. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on option market liquidity [9]. - Treasury Bond Futures: Short - term bond market disturbances exist. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on the implementation of monetary policies [9]. 3.2.2 Precious Metals - Gold/Silver: Geopolitical and trade tensions have eased, leading to a phased adjustment. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on US fundamentals, Fed policies, and global equity market trends [9]. 3.2.3 Shipping - Container Shipping to Europe: The peak season in Q3 has ended, and there is no upward driving force. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on the rate of freight decline in September [9]. 3.2.4 Black Building Materials - Steel and Iron Ore: The off - season fundamentals are lackluster, and the iron ore price remains resilient. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on special bond issuance, steel exports, iron production, and other factors [9]. - Coke: The cost is decreasing, and there is a strong expectation of price cuts. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on steel production, coking costs, and macro sentiment [9]. - Coking Coal: Coal mines are accumulating inventory, and the market is under pressure. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on steel production, coal mine safety inspections, and macro sentiment [9]. - Silicon Iron: Market confidence is low, and the price is weak. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on raw material costs and steel procurement [9]. - Manganese Silicon: Inventory pressure is high, and the price is oscillating at a low level. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on cost prices and foreign quotes [9]. - Glass: Cold - repair is uncertain, and the supply - demand improvement is limited. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on spot sales [9]. - Soda Ash: Production is flat, and spot transactions are weak. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on soda ash inventory [9]. 3.2.5 Non - Ferrous Metals and New Materials - Copper: The Fed's rate - cut expectation is fluctuating, and the copper price is consolidating at a high level. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on supply disruptions, domestic policies, and Fed policies [9]. - Alumina: The oversupply situation persists, and the price is under pressure. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on ore production and electrolytic aluminum production [9]. - Aluminum: The macro - sentiment is fluctuating, and the aluminum price is oscillating at a high level. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on macro risks, supply disruptions, and demand [9]. - Zinc: The export window is open, and the zinc price is oscillating at a high level. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on macro - turning risks and zinc ore supply [9]. - Lead: The delivery of LME lead has slowed down, and the lead price may stop falling. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on supply disruptions and battery exports [9]. - Nickel: Environmental issues in Indonesian MHP production are causing price fluctuations. The short - term judgment is a volatile downward trend, and the focus is on macro - geopolitical changes and Indonesian policies [9]. - Stainless Steel: The rebound of nickel price has driven the recovery of the stainless - steel market. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on Indonesian policies and demand growth [9]. - Tin: Market sentiment has improved, and the tin price is oscillating at a high level. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on the resumption of production in Wa State and demand improvement [9]. - Industrial Silicon: The oversupply pressure remains, and the silicon price is oscillating. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on supply - side production resumption and policy changes [9]. - Polysilicon: Policy expectations are fluctuating, and the polysilicon price is oscillating at a high level. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on supply - side production resumption and domestic photovoltaic policies [9]. - Lithium Carbonate: The demand expectation has boosted the lithium price. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on demand, supply disruptions, and technological breakthroughs [9]. 3.2.6 Energy and Chemicals - Crude Oil: Geopolitical premiums are fluctuating, and supply pressure persists. The short - term judgment is a volatile downward trend, and the focus is on OPEC+ production policies and Middle - East geopolitics [11]. - LPG: Supply is relatively tight, and the basis is at a low level. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on the cost of crude oil and overseas propane [11]. - Asphalt: The price is oscillating around 3000. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on sanctions and supply disruptions [11]. - High - Sulfur Fuel Oil: The price is weakly oscillating. The short - term judgment is a volatile downward trend, and the focus is on geopolitics and crude oil prices [11]. - Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil: The price is weakly oscillating. The short - term judgment is a volatile downward trend, and the focus is on crude oil prices [11]. - Methanol: The shutdown progress is rapid, and the price may rise. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on macro - energy and overseas shutdown dynamics [11]. - Urea: Inventory has significantly decreased, and the sentiment is bullish. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on enterprise inventory reduction [11]. - Ethylene Glycol: The price center is mainly adjusted widely. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on coal and oil prices, port inventory, and trade frictions [11]. - PX: The cost is average, and the supply - demand pattern is okay. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on crude oil fluctuations, macro - changes, and aromatics blending for oil [11]. - PTA: The basis is strong, and the profit is slightly repaired. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on crude oil fluctuations and macro - changes [11]. - Short - Fiber: The downstream demand is temporarily maintained. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on downstream yarn - mill purchasing and peak - season demand [11]. - Bottle - Chip: The price fluctuation is limited, and the profit is stagnant. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on bottle - chip enterprise production cuts and new - device commissioning [11]. - Propylene: The spot is strong, and the price is oscillating. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on oil prices and domestic macro - situation [11]. - PP: The fundamental pressure remains, and attention should be paid to maintenance changes. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on oil prices and domestic/overseas macro - situation [11]. - Plastic: The oil price has fallen, and the maintenance support is limited. The short - term judgment is a weakly volatile trend, and the focus is on oil prices and domestic/overseas macro - situation [11]. - Styrene: The oil - blending narrative has faded, and the price is oscillating. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on oil prices, macro - policies, and device dynamics [11]. - PVC: High inventory is suppressing the price, and it may be linked to production cuts. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on expectations, costs, and supply [11]. - Caustic Soda: The value is low, and the supply - demand is weak. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on market sentiment, production, and demand [11]. - Oils and Fats: Market sentiment has stabilized, and the price may continue to be weakly bullish. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on US soybean weather and Malaysian palm oil production - demand data [11]. - Protein Meal: There is a game between reality and expectation, and the M15 spread is narrowing. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on weather, domestic demand, macro - situation, and trade frictions [11]. - Corn/Starch: The supply - demand is temporarily tight, and the price is oscillating at a high level. The short - term judgment is a volatile upward trend, and the focus is on demand, macro - situation, and weather [11]. - Live Pigs: The live - pig spot price is weak, and the main contract rebounds with reduced positions. The short - term judgment is a volatile downward trend, and the focus is on breeding sentiment, epidemics, and policies [11]. - Natural Rubber: The impact of floods in the production area needs further observation. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on production - area weather, raw material prices, and macro - changes [11]. - Synthetic Rubber: The price is oscillating within a range. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on crude oil fluctuations [11]. - Cotton: There is a tug - of - war between bulls and bears, and the price is oscillating in the short term. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on demand and inventory [11]. - Sugar: In the long - term, the driving force is downward, but the cost provides short - term support. The short - term judgment is a volatile downward trend, and the focus is on imports and Brazilian production [11]. - Pulp: The spot price of softwood pulp is weak, and the futures logic for near - and far - term contracts is different. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on macro - economic changes and US dollar - based quotes [11]. - Offset Paper: The raw material price has fallen, and the price is oscillating at a low level. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on production - sales, education policies, and paper - mill production [11]. - Logs: The price of logs has fallen, and it is in a low - valuation area. The short - term judgment is a volatile trend, and the focus is on shipping volume and sales volume [11].

Market Overview - The A-share market experienced a pullback after an initial rise, with the Shanghai Composite Index closing up 0.29% at 3875.26 points, while the Shenzhen Component Index fell 0.25% to 12875.19 points. The ChiNext Index and the STAR 50 Index also saw declines after early gains, with the ChiNext Index down 0.44% and the STAR 50 Index down 0.33% [3][6] - The total market turnover was 1.72 trillion, a decrease of 4.1% from the previous trading day, indicating a marginal decline in market activity [3][6] Sector Performance - The leading sectors included cyclical industries such as basic chemicals, oil and petrochemicals, light manufacturing, coal, banking, and utilities, with respective increases of 1.22%, 1.06%, 1.04%, 1.00%, 0.52%, and 0.47%. The lithium battery electrolyte index surged by 6.25% [6] - Major companies in the packaging paper sector announced price increases for their products, with cultural paper prices rising by 200 yuan/ton and packaging paper prices increasing by around 50 yuan/ton [6] - The technology sector showed relative weakness, with the media index dropping 1.39%, reflecting potential profit-taking pressures after recent rebounds in tech growth stocks [6][7] Bond Market Analysis - The government bond futures market exhibited a mixed performance, with the 10-year contract closing down 0.06% at 107.895 yuan, while the 2-year contract rose 0.01% to 102.390 yuan [10] - The interbank market maintained a stable and slightly loose liquidity environment, with the central bank conducting a net liquidity injection of 564 billion yuan through reverse repos [10] Commodity Market Insights - The South China commodity index rose by 0.36%, driven by strong performance in precious metals, particularly platinum, which saw a first-day increase of 6.25% [10][11] - The agricultural sector saw price increases in consumer products like eggs and palm oil, attributed to seasonal demand and previous price declines [11] Investment Themes - Recent investment themes include high dividend yield stocks for defensive positioning, AI applications driven by major tech firms, and consumer sectors benefiting from currency appreciation and market style shifts [12] - The report suggests a cautious approach to the market, focusing on low-valuation cyclical stocks and high-dividend defensive sectors while awaiting adjustments in the tech sector [7][12]

Market Overview - The Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.29% on November 27, with 13 out of 28 sectors experiencing gains, led by light industry manufacturing and basic chemicals, which increased by 1.09% and 1.01% respectively [1] - The oil and petrochemical sector ranked third in terms of daily gains, increasing by 0.90% [1] Sector Performance - The oil and petrochemical sector saw a net outflow of 51.06 million yuan, with 47 stocks in the sector; 27 stocks rose, including one hitting the daily limit, while 16 stocks declined [1] - Among the stocks with net inflows, 23 stocks recorded positive cash flow, with 8 stocks seeing inflows exceeding 10 million yuan. China Petroleum led with a net inflow of 42.04 million yuan, followed by Heshun Petroleum and Hengli Petrochemical with inflows of 41.49 million yuan and 23.96 million yuan respectively [1][2] Notable Stocks - The top three stocks with the highest net outflows were Guanghui Energy (-0.40%), Unified Shares (-1.55%), and Rongsheng Petrochemical (1.47%), with net outflows of 91.32 million yuan, 35.35 million yuan, and 18.64 million yuan respectively [1] - Heshun Petroleum experienced a significant increase of 10.00% with a turnover rate of 11.89% and a net inflow of 41.49 million yuan [2] - Hengli Petrochemical and China Petroleum also showed strong performance with increases of 2.45% and 1.22% respectively, alongside notable net inflows [2]

Group 1: Market Performance - As of November 27, 2025, the A-share market saw significant gains in the basic chemical, petroleum and petrochemical, and coal sectors, with increases of 1.01%, 0.90%, and 0.80% respectively [1][4] - The overall market performance indicates a recovery trend, particularly in cyclical industries such as non-ferrous metals, steel, coal, and petrochemicals, driven by improved supply-demand dynamics [3] Group 2: Policy and Industry Developments - The China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association has expressed opposition to the zero or negative processing fees in the copper smelting industry, calling for global action to address this unsustainable structural contradiction [2] - Recent government initiatives include a joint issuance of a growth support plan for the petrochemical industry, which emphasizes the renovation of old facilities and the development of coal-to-oil and gas projects [2] - The National Energy Administration has released guidelines to promote the integration of coal and new energy, encouraging innovation in carbon-based fuels and biodegradable materials [2] Group 3: Investment Opportunities - The "anti-involution" measures in the chemical industry are expected to provide a reference for other sub-industries, potentially leading to a new round of supply-side reforms and optimization of the supply-demand structure [3] - Leading companies in the chemical sector are anticipated to gain market share due to improved management practices and energy consumption control [3] - ETFs tracking energy and materials indices are gaining attention, indicating a growing interest in these sectors among investors [3]

Domestic Market Overview - The domestic market showed a narrow range of consolidation with mixed performance on November 26, with the Shanghai Composite Index closing at 3864.18 points, down 0.15%, while the Shenzhen Component Index rose 1.02% to 12907.83 points. The ChiNext Index increased by 2.14% [1][4][9] - Among the 30 sectors tracked, 9 sectors saw gains, with telecommunications, electronics, and retail leading the increases, while defense, media, and oil & petrochemicals experienced significant declines. Active indices included optical modules and optical circuit switches [1][4][9] Overseas Market Overview - On the same day, all three major US stock indices closed higher, with the Dow Jones up 0.67%, the S&P 500 up 0.69%, and the Nasdaq up 0.82%. Notable performers included Oracle, which rose over 4%, and Broadcom, which increased by more than 3% [2][4] Key News Highlights - China and the EU discussed trade issues related to ASML semiconductor matters, emphasizing the need for constructive communication to stabilize the global semiconductor supply chain [10][12] - A joint announcement from six departments aimed to enhance the adaptability of consumer goods supply and demand, promoting consumption [14][15] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology initiated commercial trials for satellite IoT services, aiming to provide wide-area connectivity for various devices [16] - Guangdong province encouraged listed companies to utilize shares and other payment tools for mergers and acquisitions, focusing on building world-class industrial clusters [17][18] - Vanke is seeking an extension for a 2 billion yuan domestic bond, with a meeting scheduled for December [19]

Group 1 - The Petrochemical ETF (159731) has seen a 0.49% increase, with top-performing holdings including Xingfa Group, Luxi Chemical, and Yara International. The ETF has experienced net inflows in 8 out of the last 10 trading days, totaling 22.42 million yuan, with the latest share count reaching a record high of 228 million [1][2]. - A hydrogen refueling station in Chongqing has received national utility model patent certification and is recognized as the first major technological equipment in the region. This station utilizes a 45 MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage well technology, marking a significant breakthrough in high-pressure underground hydrogen storage technology and commercialization in China [1]. - Tianfeng Securities indicates that the petrochemical industry is at a critical turning point driven by policies aimed at controlling growth and reducing excess capacity. The industry is entering the tail end of the production cycle, with significant slowdowns in capacity growth expected for most products by 2026. The PX industry chain is anticipated to provide substantial profit elasticity for refining enterprises amid increasing supply-demand contradictions [1]. Group 2 - The Petrochemical ETF closely tracks the CSI Petrochemical Industry Index, with the basic chemical industry accounting for 60.85% and the oil and petrochemical industry for 32.16%. Ongoing "anti-involution" measures targeting the chemical industry are a core support for the sector's strength [2].

Group 1: Major Indices - The bond index (China Bond Composite) shows a strong performance with a 90% increase rate, making it a stable choice for investors [2][3] - The Hang Seng Index stands out among stock indices with a 60% increase rate and an average increase of 1.34%, indicating potential opportunities in Hong Kong stocks [3] - Large-cap indices like CSI 300 outperform small-cap indices, suggesting a market preference for larger leading stocks in December [3][4] Group 2: Fund Types - Short-term and medium to long-term bond funds have a high increase rate of 90%, making them suitable for investors seeking certainty [5][7] - "Fixed income plus" products, such as secondary bond funds, show a 70% increase rate and an average return of 0.44%, balancing risk and return effectively [7] - Equity funds exhibit a divergence, with high-position ordinary stock and mixed equity funds having a 40% increase rate but higher average returns, appealing to risk-tolerant investors [7] Group 3: Industry Perspective - Consumer sectors, particularly social services, food and beverage, and home appliances, show a 70% increase rate, highlighting the "year-end consumption season" as a driving force [8][10] - Financial and energy sectors, including banks and oil and gas, demonstrate strong defensive characteristics with high increase rates, indicating stability during December [11] - Specific consumer segments like white goods and non-liquor beverages have an 80% increase rate, marking them as significant alpha sources [12][13]