俄乌冲突已持续三年之久，国内舆论场上的俄粉与乌粉之争也从未停歇。一方高举正义大旗，另一方则 高呼爱国口号，双方唇枪舌战至今仍难分高下。但值得深思的是，这场战争最理想的结果或许并非简单 的胜负之分，而是维持一种微妙的战略平衡——让双方都难以取得决定性胜利。这看似矛盾的立场背 后，实则暗藏深意，因为这场远在东欧的战争早已与中国的发展利益紧密相连。 更重要的是，俄罗斯堪称中国的战略资源宝库。这个1.4亿人口的国家拥有丰富的能源、矿产和粮食资 源。2023年中俄贸易额突破2400亿美元，中国34%的进口原油、28%的煤炭和16%的天然气都来自这个 北方邻国。俄罗斯的持续存在不仅提供战略缓冲，更是实实在在的资源保障。 但必须清醒认识到，中 俄关系虽密切却并非军事同盟。三年来俄方多次抱怨中国支持力度不足，但若俄罗斯取得全面胜利，对 中国未必有利。短期能源优惠难以抵消长期战略风险。一旦乌克兰战败，俄罗斯势力西扩，必将引发欧 洲恐慌。战前马克龙曾称北约脑死亡，但冲突爆发后，芬兰、瑞典火速入约，德国军费翻倍，波兰疯狂 采购美制武器。 若俄罗斯吞并乌克兰，摩尔多瓦、格鲁吉亚等国家必将争先恐后加入北约，波兰和波罗的海国家将要求 美 ...

中国物流与采购联合会今天公布8月份中国大宗商品价格指数。从指数运行情况看，指数连续4个月环比 上升，大宗商品市场延续稳定增长的态势，经济内生增长动力进一步增强。 8月份中国大宗商品价格指数为111.7点，环比上涨0.3%。在中国物流与采购联合会重点监测的50种大宗 商品中，8月份价格环比上涨的大宗商品有25种。其中，焦炭、氧化镨钕和碳酸锂涨幅居前，较上月分 别上涨20.1%、19.1%和16.6%。 分行业看，装备制造、高技术制造继续保持快速增长，带动部分行业价格回升。8月份黑色价格指数延 续反弹，环比上涨2.2%；有色价格指数继续上扬，环比上涨0.2%。暑期用能高峰叠加反内卷政策实 施，推动能源价格指数止跌回升，8月份能源价格指数环比上涨2%。 另外，农产品价格指数小幅走低，环比下降0.8%；化工价格指数延续跌势，环比下降1%。受高温多雨 天气影响，下游需求放缓，矿产价格指数继续走低，环比下降1.6%。 中国物流与采购联合会大宗商品流通分会副会长 周旭：在扩内需、反内卷等系列政策效应持续释放 下，企业信心稳步增强，新旧动能加快转换。但当前全球经济不确定性因素仍然较多，部分行业价格仍 处于低位，巩固经济回升向 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. has signed a trade agreement with Japan, implementing a 15% baseline tariff on nearly all Japanese goods exported to the U.S. [3] - The new tariff framework aims to reduce the U.S. trade deficit with Japan and improve overall trade balance [3] - Japan will increase its procurement of U.S. rice by 75% and commit to purchasing $8 billion worth of U.S. agricultural products annually [3] Group 2 - Japan will allow U.S. manufactured passenger cars to be sold in its market without additional testing, adhering to U.S. safety certification standards [3] - The agreement includes commitments for Japan to purchase U.S. manufactured commercial aircraft and defense equipment [3] - Key sectors for market access include manufacturing, aerospace, agriculture, food, energy, automotive, and industrial products [3] Group 3 - Gold futures are currently trading at approximately 815.10 yuan per gram, with a slight decline of 0.12% [1] - The trading range for gold futures shows a high of 817.76 yuan per gram and a low of 811.36 yuan per gram [1] - Key resistance levels for gold futures are identified between 823 yuan per gram and 860 yuan per gram, while support levels are between 781 yuan per gram and 850 yuan per gram [4]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The energy - chemical sector is divided into energy, alcohols, polyolefins, rubber, polyesters, alkalis, and others. Strategies mainly involve constructing option portfolio strategies with sellers as the main body and spot hedging or covered strategies to enhance returns [3][9]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Futures Market Overview - The report presents the latest prices, price changes, trading volumes, and open interest changes of various energy - chemical option underlying futures contracts, including crude oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), methanol, etc. For example, the latest price of crude oil SC2510 is 483, with a decline of 0 and a decline rate of - 0.06%, trading volume of 11.80 million lots, and open interest of 2.76 million lots [4]. 3.2 Option Factors - Volume and Open Interest PCR - It shows the volume, volume changes, open interest, open interest changes, volume PCR, volume PCR changes, open interest PCR, and open interest PCR changes of different option varieties. For instance, the volume PCR of crude oil options is 0.93, with a change of 0.32, and the open interest PCR is 0.71, with a change of - 0.06 [5]. 3.3 Option Factors - Pressure and Support Levels - From the perspective of the strike prices with the largest open interest of call and put options, the pressure and support levels of option underlying assets are analyzed. For example, the pressure level of crude oil is 600, and the support level is 450 [6]. 3.4 Option Factors - Implied Volatility - It provides the at - the - money implied volatility, weighted implied volatility, weighted implied volatility changes, annual average, call implied volatility, put implied volatility, HISV20, and the difference between implied and historical volatilities of various options. For example, the at - the - money implied volatility of crude oil options is 29.2, and the weighted implied volatility is 32.08, with a change of 2.92 [7]. 3.5 Strategies and Recommendations for Different Option Varieties 3.5.1 Energy - related Options (Crude Oil) - **Fundamentals**: OPEC shows a restrained attitude to support prices. US refinery demand declines due to reduced imports, and shale oil maintains normal fluctuations. The overall fundamentals are healthy, and the crack spread remains strong [8]. - **Market Analysis**: Crude oil rose rapidly in June, then fell continuously after reaching a high. Since July, it has weakened and then consolidated in a range. In August, it first rose and then fell, showing a short - term weakening and rebound - hindered market trend [8]. - **Option Factor Research**: The implied volatility of crude oil options fluctuates around the average level. The open interest PCR is below 0.80, indicating a short - term weakening and consolidating market. The pressure level is 600, and the support level is 450 [8]. - **Option Strategies**: Directional strategy: None. Volatility strategy: Construct a short - neutral call + put option combination strategy. Spot long - hedging strategy: Construct a long collar strategy [8]. 3.5.2 Energy - related Options (LPG) - **Fundamentals**: The domestic supply is loose, the main refinery's operation is stable at a high level, the commodity volume is at a seasonal high, and the import has declined slightly in the past two weeks. The port inventory remains high. The summer combustion demand is low, and the chemical demand has declined slightly [10]. - **Market Analysis**: LPG has been consolidating in a low - level range since June, then rose significantly and broke through the upper level. In July, it fell after reaching a high and then weakly consolidated. Since August, it has accelerated its decline and then rebounded, showing a weak market trend with pressure above [10]. - **Option Factor Research**: The implied volatility of LPG options has decreased significantly and returned to around the average level. The open interest PCR is around 0.60, indicating strong short - term short - selling power. The pressure level is 5400, and the support level is 4200 [10]. - **Option Strategies**: Directional strategy: None. Volatility strategy: Construct a short - bearish call + put option combination strategy. Spot long - hedging strategy: Construct a long collar strategy [10]. 3.5.3 Alcohol - related Options (Methanol) - **Fundamentals**: The import volume has increased, and the port inventory has accumulated to a high level. The demand from port MTO has improved, but the overall downstream demand is still weak [10]. - **Market Analysis**: Methanol rose and then fell in July, and has been gradually weakening and moving downward since August, showing a weak market trend with pressure above [10]. - **Option Factor Research**: The implied volatility of methanol options has decreased and fluctuates below the average level. The open interest PCR is below 0.80, indicating a short - term weakening and consolidating market. The pressure level is 2600, and the support level is 2250 [10]. - **Option Strategies**: Directional strategy: Construct a bearish call spread strategy. Volatility strategy: Construct a short - bearish call + put option combination strategy. Spot long - hedging strategy: Construct a long collar strategy [10]. And so on for other option varieties such as ethylene glycol, polypropylene, rubber, etc. Each variety has its own fundamental analysis, market trend analysis, option factor research, and corresponding option strategies [11][12][13][14].

Core Viewpoint - The China Commodity Price Index (CBPI) for August 2025 is reported at 111.7 points, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 0.3% and a year-on-year increase of 1.2%, indicating a stable recovery in the commodity market [1][4]. Price Index Summary - The CBPI has shown a continuous month-on-month increase for four consecutive months, signaling a stable recovery in the commodity market [1][4]. - The energy price index has rebounded, reporting 98.7 points with a month-on-month increase of 2% [4][10]. - The black metal price index has continued to rebound, reaching 79.7 points with a month-on-month increase of 2.2% [4][10]. - The non-ferrous metal price index has also risen, reporting 130.4 points with a month-on-month increase of 0.2% [4][10]. - The chemical price index has declined, reporting 101.9 points with a month-on-month decrease of 1% and a year-on-year decrease of 11% [10]. - The agricultural product price index has slightly decreased to 97.1 points, reflecting a month-on-month decline of 0.8% but a year-on-year increase of 1.4% [10]. Commodity Price Changes - Among the 50 monitored commodities, 25 saw price increases while 25 experienced declines in August [8]. - The top three commodities with price increases were coke (20.1%), praseodymium oxide (19.1%), and lithium carbonate (16.6%) [8]. - The top three commodities with price declines were apples (-4.6%), methanol (-3.6%), and urea (-2.8%) [8]. Market Insights - Analysts attribute the rebound in black metal prices to the implementation of policies aimed at expanding domestic demand and reducing competition [6][7]. - The rise in energy prices is linked to the peak summer energy demand and the ongoing implementation of "anti-involution" policies [6]. - The increase in non-ferrous metal prices is influenced by expectations of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve and a gradual recovery in domestic demand [6]. - The decline in chemical prices is primarily due to seasonal demand weakness and a drop in international oil prices, which has weakened cost support [10]. - The mineral price index has decreased due to high temperatures and heavy rainfall affecting project construction progress and downstream demand [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing internal divisions within Europe regarding environmental policies, particularly in light of recent extreme weather events and the economic challenges faced by the region. The debate over air conditioning in France exemplifies the broader conflict between economic survival and environmental ideals [1][2][9]. Group 1: Environmental Policy Divisions - The "air conditioning war" in France reflects a growing divide in environmental policy, with right-wing parties advocating for more practical solutions to heat waves, while left-wing factions warn against exacerbating environmental crises [2][3]. - The "Duplon Law" has intensified conflicts among French political factions, with significant protests from farmers against EU environmental policies that threaten their livelihoods [3][4]. - The rise of far-right parties in the EU, such as the "European Patriots," indicates a shift away from traditional support for green agendas, focusing instead on economic concerns [4][5]. Group 2: Economic Pressures and Environmental Goals - Economic downturns and high inflation have led to a reevaluation of the EU's green agenda, with many parties now prioritizing economic stability over environmental initiatives [1][10]. - The EU's commitment to ambitious climate goals, such as reducing carbon emissions by 55% by 2030, faces increasing political resistance, particularly from right-wing factions [4][6]. - The shift in public priorities towards economic security and international conflicts has diminished the emphasis on climate issues, reflecting a broader trend of environmental policy regression in the EU [10][11]. Group 3: Climate Change Impact - Extreme weather events, including wildfires and floods, have significantly affected Europe, with millions impacted and substantial carbon emissions released [11][12]. - The EU's preparedness for climate change adaptation has been criticized, indicating a lack of effective strategies to address the challenges posed by climate change [12].

Market Dynamics - Since the beginning of 2024, A-shares and Hong Kong stocks have alternated in performance, with Hong Kong stocks stabilizing in Q1 driven by the internet sector, followed by new consumption and innovative pharmaceuticals in Q2, leading to a compression of the AH premium to approximately 120 by June 2025 [2] - In July and August, A-shares continued to perform strongly while Hong Kong stocks faced pressure from tightening liquidity and competition in the platform economy [2] Funding Environment - The liquidity situation is improving, with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority passively injecting liquidity in April and May, leading to a temporary drop in HIBOR to near zero; however, by late June, excess liquidity was being withdrawn, and HIBOR rose rapidly to around 4% in August [3] - The Hong Kong dollar has moved away from the 7.85 weak-side guarantee, and the HIBOR-SOFR overnight interest rate spread has returned to a normal range of about 0.36%, indicating that the most stringent phase of the funding environment is likely over [3] Fundamental Outlook - The consensus EPS forecast for the Hang Seng Index for 2025 was revised down from 6.7% in early July to 2.35% by the end of August, primarily due to lowered profit expectations in the platform economy and increased competition in food delivery [4] - However, earnings expectations for sectors such as materials and healthcare within the Hong Kong Stock Connect have been significantly upgraded, and regulatory constraints on unfair competition are expected to reduce price wars in instant retail [4] - With the release of mid-year reports and a shift in outlook for Q4 towards "AI empowerment and efficiency recovery," the internet sector is anticipated to see a rebound in expectations [4] Long-term Framework - The long-term bullish logic for A/H shares is supported by policies and wealth migration, emphasizing a balance between an effective market and proactive government intervention [5] - The dynamic balance aims to stabilize the market while enhancing capital market functions through measures such as mergers and acquisitions, registration system deepening, and attracting long-term capital [5] Structural Changes in Funding - There is a noticeable acceleration in the entry of long-term funds such as social security, insurance, and wealth management into the market, with a clear trend of increased allocation to ETFs and institutional investments [7] - The decline in deposit and wealth management yields has created an "asset shortage" environment, suggesting that both residents and institutions have room to increase their equity allocation [7] Industry and Sector Trends - Emerging sectors such as AI computing chains, semiconductor equipment and materials, military technology, innovative pharmaceuticals, and humanoid robots are advancing from technology to commercialization [8] - This trend is beneficial for platform-based internet companies in AI commercialization as well as for hard technology and its upstream supply [8] External Variables and Capital Inflow - Historically, there is a strong negative correlation between the US dollar index and the Hang Seng Index; if the Federal Reserve enters a rate-cutting cycle in September and the dollar weakens in Q4, the previously high short-selling ratio in Hong Kong stocks may trigger a short-covering rally [9] - The potential for overseas capital to flow back into A/H shares is expected to increase [9] September Outlook - The market may experience fluctuations due to external interest rates and internal expectations, but the tightest phase of the funding environment has passed, and the fundamental narrative of "AI empowerment" is set to unfold [10] - Valuations and risk premiums remain attractive, suggesting that in a "fluctuating-upward" rhythm, sectors such as technology internet (AI), innovative pharmaceuticals, high-dividend stocks, and cyclical leaders with "anti-involution" characteristics are more cost-effective main lines [10] Strategy and Allocation - The strategy focuses on capturing rebound opportunities and the main line of "qualitative change," with a shift from "price wars" to "AI efficiency" in the internet/technology sector [10] - The innovative pharmaceutical sector is viewed positively, with September being a key window for positioning [10] - In the new consumption sector, performance is prioritized, emphasizing differentiation [10] - High-dividend and "anti-involution" sectors are also highlighted, with a focus on selecting companies with stable cash flow and sustainable dividends [10] Valuation Insights - The forecasted PE for the Hang Seng Technology Index is approximately 20.3 times, which is around 30% lower than levels seen since July 2020 [11] - The Hang Seng Index's TTM PE is about 12.3 times, significantly lower than that of the S&P 500, Nikkei, and European stocks [11] - The risk premium of the Hang Seng Index relative to 10-year government bonds is about 6.4%, making it attractive to global capital [11] Core Logic - Following the mid-year reports, the impact of "involution" is weakening, and the narrative for Q4 is shifting towards "AI empowerment," with a focus on commercialization and efficiency [12] - The direction includes AI applications, advertising efficiency improvements, and collaboration in cloud and computing services [12] - The strategy emphasizes holding quality leaders with strong execution capabilities during the concentrated period of academic and medical insurance directory catalysts in Q3 and Q4 [12]

Industry Overview Upstream - International crude oil prices are fluctuating at a low level, and PTA prices are falling [2] Midstream - PX operating rate is increasing, and coal consumption of power plants is decreasing [3] Downstream - The sales of commercial housing in second - and third - tier cities are picking up, and the number of international flights is declining [4] Zhongguan Event Overview Production Industry - In the first half of 2025, BYD led in terms of revenue and net profit among listed car companies, while GAC Group's data were at the bottom and it turned from profit to loss. Many car companies saw revenue growth, with BYD and Geely hitting record highs, but only BYD maintained profit growth, and its automotive gross margin dropped by two percentage points [1] - The Ministry of Commerce ruled that US optical fiber producers and exporters circumvented anti - dumping measures on non - dispersion - shifted single - mode optical fibers from the US by changing trade patterns [1] Service Industry - The joint working group of the Ministry of Finance and the People's Bank of China held a meeting, affirming the achievements since its establishment last year and discussing topics such as financial market operation, government bond issuance management, etc. They believe that the coordinated efforts of fiscal and monetary policies provide support for the economy [1] Key Industry Price Indicators | Industry Name | Indicator Name | Frequency | Unit | Update Time | Value | YoY | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Agriculture | Spot price: Corn | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 2302.9 | 0.00% | | | Spot price: Eggs | Daily | Yuan/kg | 9/3 | | | | | Spot price: Palm oil | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 9492.0 | - 0.77% | | | Spot price: Cotton | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 15460.2 | 0.82% | | | Average wholesale price: Pork | Daily | Yuan/kg | 9/3 | 20.0 | 0.60% | | | Spot price: Copper | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 80360.0 | 0.97% | | | Spot price: Zinc | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 22220.0 | - 0.20% | | Non - ferrous metals | Spot price: Aluminum | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 20743.3 | - 0.22% | | | Spot price: Nickel | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 123333.3 | 1.12% | | | Spot price: Aluminum | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 16825.0 | - 0.07% | | | Spot price: Rebar | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 3154.5 | - 2.67% | | Ferrous metals | Spot price: Iron ore | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 782.3 | - 0.92% | | | Spot price: Wire rod | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 3322.5 | - 1.99% | | | Spot price: Glass | Daily | Yuan/square meter | 9/3 | 13.9 | 0.00% | | Non - metals | Spot price: Natural rubber | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 15050.0 | 0.95% | | | China Plastics City price index | Daily | - | 9/3 | 802.4 | - 0.18% | | Energy | Spot price: WTI crude oil | Daily | US dollars/barrel | 9/3 | 65.6 | 3.70% | | | Spot price: Brent crude oil | Daily | US dollars/barrel | 9/3 | 69.1 | 2.86% | | | Spot price: Liquefied natural gas | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 3892.0 | - 1.32% | | | Coal price: Coal | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 782.0 | - 0.13% | | Chemical industry | Spot price: PTA | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 4749.5 | - 3.34% | | | Spot price: Polyethylene | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 7425.0 | - 0.36% | | | Spot price: Urea | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 1712.5 | 0.29% | | | Spot price: Soda ash | Daily | Yuan/ton | 9/3 | 1262.5 | - 2.13% | | Real estate | Cement price index: National | Daily | - | 9/3 | 129.3 | - 0.55% | | | Building materials composite index | Daily | Points | 9/3 | 113.1 | - 1.53% | | | Concrete price index: National index | Daily | Points | 9/3 | 92.9 | - 0.14% | [38]

撰文 / 涂彦平 编辑 / 黄大路 设计 / 柴文静 没有一丁点事先预告，当地时间2025年9月2日，特斯拉突然在X平台上发布了《总体规划第四篇章》（Master Plan Part IV，以下简称MP4）。 "人类是工具制造者。在特斯拉，我们大规模、低成本地制造实物产品，目标是让每个人的生活变得更美好。随着AI技术的影响和冲击日益增大，MP4提 出的使命也就不足为奇了。"MP4在开头部分写道。 在由大概1000个英语单词组成的文章里，特斯拉宣布了它的最新使命：通过将AI融入实体产品与服务，创造一个更安全、更清洁、更愉快的世界，以实 现可持续的富足。 围绕这一使命，特斯拉给出了五个指导原则： 第一，增长是无限的。资源短缺可通过技术创新解决，经济增长不必然以牺牲其他领域为代价。"半导体和互联网等突破性发明，从创造更多就业机会到 提供更多获取信息的途径，再到实现更深层次的人际联系，扩大而非减少了人类社会和经济各方面的机会。" 第二，创新消除限制。特斯拉通过电池技术突破，推动交通行业从化石燃料转向可再生能源。 第三，技术解决现实问题。太阳能发电、大规模储能、自动驾驶车辆和人形机器人Optimus等技术正在解决能源、 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content in the provided document. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The report focuses on energy - chemical options, covering various sectors such as energy, polyolefins, polyesters, and alkalis. It analyzes the fundamentals, market trends, and option factors of different underlying assets and provides corresponding option strategies and suggestions [3][9]. - It is recommended to construct option combination strategies mainly based on sellers and spot hedging or covered strategies to enhance returns [3]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Option - Underlying Futures Market Overview - Multiple energy - chemical option underlying futures are presented, including details like the latest price, price change, change rate, trading volume, volume change, open interest, and open interest change. For example, the latest price of crude oil (SC2510) is 484, with a price drop of 8 and a decline rate of 1.67% [4]. 3.2 Option Factors 3.2.1 Volume - Open Interest PCR - The volume - open interest PCR data of various option varieties are provided, which are used to describe the strength of the option - underlying market and the turning point of the underlying market. For instance, the volume PCR of crude oil is 0.61 with a change of 0.08, and the open interest PCR is 0.77 with a change of 0.06 [5]. 3.2.2 Pressure and Support Levels - The pressure and support levels of different option varieties are analyzed from the perspective of the strike prices with the largest open interest of call and put options. For example, the pressure level of crude oil is 600 and the support level is 450 [6]. 3.2.3 Implied Volatility - The implied volatility data of various option varieties are presented, including at - the - money implied volatility, weighted implied volatility, and its change, annual average, call implied volatility, put implied volatility, historical volatility, and the difference between implied and historical volatility. For example, the at - the - money implied volatility of crude oil is 26.005, and the weighted implied volatility is 29.16 with a change of 1.62 [7]. 3.3 Strategy and Suggestions 3.3.1 Energy - Class Options - **Crude Oil**: The fundamentals are healthy with OPEC's supply restraint. The market shows a short - term upward resistance and decline. Option strategies include constructing a neutral call + put option combination strategy and a long collar strategy for spot hedging [8]. - **LPG**: The supply is loose, and the demand is weak. The market is in a weak state. Option strategies include constructing a short - biased call + put option combination strategy and a long collar strategy for spot hedging [10]. 3.3.2 Alcohol - Class Options - **Methanol**: The import volume increases, and the downstream demand is weak. The market is weak. Option strategies include constructing a bear spread strategy of put options, a short - biased call + put option combination strategy, and a long collar strategy for spot hedging [10]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: The port inventory is decreasing. The market shows a wide - range weak oscillation. Option strategies include constructing a short - volatility strategy and a long collar strategy for spot hedging [11]. 3.3.3 Polyolefin - Class Options - **Polypropylene**: The inventory shows a mixed trend. The market is weak. Option strategies include a long collar strategy for spot hedging [11]. 3.3.4 Rubber Options - **Rubber**: The tire production capacity utilization rate shows different trends. The market is short - term weak. Option strategies include constructing a neutral call + put option combination strategy [12]. 3.3.5 Polyester - Class Options - **PTA**: The inventory is decreasing, and the downstream load is rising. The market shows a rebound resistance and decline. Option strategies include constructing a neutral call + put option combination strategy [12]. 3.3.6 Alkali - Class Options - **Caustic Soda**: The production capacity utilization rate decreases in most regions. The market shows an oscillatory trend. Option strategies include a long collar strategy for spot hedging [13]. - **Soda Ash**: The inventory is decreasing. The market shows an oscillatory trend. Option strategies include constructing a short - volatility combination strategy and a long collar strategy for spot hedging [13]. 3.3.7 Urea Options - The port inventory increases, and the enterprise inventory is under pressure. The market shows a low - level oscillation. Option strategies include constructing a short - biased call + put option combination strategy and a long collar strategy for spot hedging [14].