华源证券近日发布有色金属大宗金属周报：供给端扰动频发，铜价高位运行。 免责声明：本文内容与数据仅供参考，不构成投资建议，使用前请核实。据此操作，风 险自担。 铜：供给端扰动频发，铜价高位运行。本周美铜/伦铜/沪铜分别上涨 0.08%/-0.45%/-0.20%，本周铜价在供给端扰动下冲高回落。供给端，据smm，嘉能可暂停智 利Altonorte冶炼厂运营，并启动不可抗力条款，Altonorte工厂的年产铜约35万吨，受此催化 影响，沪铜一度突破8.3万元/吨。南方铜业旗下SPCC-ILO铜冶炼厂在短暂停产一天后，已快 速恢复至满产状态，铜价回落。需求端，高铜价短期压制下游开工，库存去化，本周铜杆开 工率64.06%，环比降低5.87pct，smm电解铜社会库存33.45万吨，环比降低3.44%，沪铜库存 23.53万吨，环比降低8.21%。旺季逐步来临，铜需求端有支撑，在加工费持续低迷背景下， 若冶炼厂减产现象持续扩散，铜矿端短缺或逐步向金属端传导，铜价有望迎来上行周期，另 一方面重点关注美国对铜加征关税的落地情况。建议关注：紫金矿业、洛阳钼业、金诚信、 铜陵有色。 铝：库存去化叠加下游需求回升，支撑铝价高位 ...

Report Industry Investment Ratings There is no information provided in the report regarding industry investment ratings. Core Views of the Report - The market is highly concerned about the final implementation mode of Trump's tariffs at the beginning of April and is also awaiting new domestic policy signals. In the short term, the stock index is expected to fluctuate at a high level [47]. - The central bank will choose the right time to cut the reserve - requirement ratio and interest rates. The bond futures market will maintain a strong oscillation range in the short term, and it is recommended to adopt a steepening strategy for multi - variety hedging [48]. Summary by Categories Energy and Petrochemicals - **Crude Oil**: Overnight international oil prices fluctuated. The EIA crude oil inventory in the US decreased by 3.341 million barrels last week. The market trading focus may shift to the supply - demand side. There is still accumulation pressure after the first quarter. Pay attention to the resistance at Brent $74 - 75 per barrel and SC 550 yuan per barrel [2]. - **Fuel Oil & Low - sulfur Fuel Oil**: For high - sulfur fuel oil, continue to hold the strategy of shorting at high levels as supply fluctuations ease and加注 demand weakens. Low - sulfur fuel oil lacks upward drive but also has limited downward pressure, and its cracking spread is expected to continue to oscillate [21]. - **Asphalt**: The production of asphalt using diluted asphalt as raw material is still restricted. The planned asphalt production in China in April is 228.9 million tons. With the temperature rising, demand is expected to improve, and the fundamentals are marginally better [22]. - **Liquefied Petroleum Gas**: Crude oil strength supports international prices. PDH margins are falling, and chemical demand may decline. The supply - side pressure is limited, but the market may turn weaker in the later stage [23]. Metals - **Precious Metals**: Despite better - than - expected US economic data, precious metals rose overnight. The gold price is in an upward trend but needs to be wary of corrections. Focus on the US PCE data tonight [3]. - **Base Metals** - **Copper**: Overnight copper prices fell back. High copper prices affect the de - stocking speed. Short - term adjustments are expected, and the decline range is limited [4]. - **Aluminum**: Overnight, Shanghai aluminum followed the decline of non - ferrous metals. The de - stocking speed is faster than in previous years. Short - term oscillation is expected, and attention should be paid to the support at 20,500 yuan [5]. - **Zinc**: Zinc prices opened low and moved lower. Mine production is advancing as scheduled, and supply is not tight. Consumption shows resilience but limited growth. Zinc is expected to oscillate with a resistance at 24,250 yuan per ton [7]. - **Lead**: The market is worried about new tariffs, leading to a decline in lead prices. The raw material supply is tight, and the cost support is strong. The fundamentals are mixed, and it is expected to oscillate with a resistance at 17,880 yuan per ton [8]. - **Nickel and Stainless Steel**: Shanghai nickel rebounded slightly. High - nickel pig iron prices are strong. Nickel is expected to have short - term support around 130,000 yuan [9]. - **Tin**: Overnight tin prices rose. Pay attention to the technical resistance at 285,000 - 287,000 yuan. Track LME inventory and demand - side changes [10]. - **Alumina**: Alumina production capacity is at a historical high. Spot prices are under pressure, and the decline may slow down, with limited rebound space [6]. Chemicals - **Carbonate Lithium**: The price rebounds close to 75,000 yuan. The market demand lacks expansion space, and the supply - surplus pattern is difficult to change. It is suitable to try short - selling [11]. - **Industrial Silicon**: The futures price is oscillating at a low level. Pay attention to the implementation of the joint production - cut plan of northwest silicon enterprises [12]. - **Polysilicon**: The futures price shows limited upward and downward drive. Spot prices are stable, and short - term narrow - range oscillation is expected [13]. - **Plastics and Fibers** - **Polypropylene & Plastic**: The short - term bearish factors are digested, but the demand follows up slowly. The inventory is transferred to the intermediate links [27]. - **PVC & Caustic Soda**: PVC production remains high, and there is high - inventory and high - supply pressure. The caustic soda industry also faces similar pressure, and the prices are in a weak pattern [28]. - **PX & PTA**: PX rebounds at night. PTA follows the raw material fluctuations. Mid - term trends depend on energy support and terminal demand [29]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: The overall supply is still high. Pay attention to the positive supply - side drivers in April [30]. - **Short - fiber & Bottle - chip**: The short - fiber industry's fundamentals improve, and pay attention to the opportunity of processing margin recovery. The bottle - chip price follows the raw material, and the processing margin may be under pressure [31]. Building Materials - **Glass**: The glass spot sales are good, and the industry continues to de - stock. Pay attention to the sales volume. If it falls below 100%, consider closing long positions [32]. - **Soda Ash**: Soda ash continues to de - stock. Supply rebounds this week. The futures price is expected to be under pressure at a high level [34]. Agricultural Products - **Grains and Oilseeds** - **Soybean & Bean Meal**: The market awaits the US soybean planting intention report. Domestic bean meal basis is falling. After the arrival of a large number of soybeans, the basis may continue to decline. The mid - term trend is range - bound [35]. - **Corn**: Corn futures prices are falling back. Supply pressure increases, and demand is weak. The price may test the bottom again [39]. - **Meat and Eggs** - **Pork**: The hog futures price oscillates slightly downwards. The long - term supply pressure increases, and the price is expected to move towards 12 - 13 yuan per kilogram. The futures market maintains a bearish view [40]. - **Egg**: The egg spot price is stable, and the futures price rebounds. The mid - term spot price may decline, and the futures market maintains a bearish view in the mid - term [41]. - **Other Agricultural Products** - **Cotton**: US cotton prices rise. The US cotton planting area is expected to decrease. The demand for cotton is weak, and it is recommended to wait and see [42]. - **Sugar**: US sugar oscillates. Brazilian sugar production may be lower than expected. The domestic sugar supply and demand show some positive factors, but the upward space is limited [43]. - **Apple**: The apple futures price corrects. The cold - storage apple inventory is low, and the demand is entering the peak season. The price may rise [44]. - **Wood**: The wood futures price oscillates. The log inventory pressure is large, and the price is expected to be weak [45]. - **Paper Pulp**: The paper pulp futures price falls slightly. The inventory decreases, and there are supply - reduction expectations. The demand is average, and it is recommended to wait and see [46]. Others - **Shipping**: The container shipping index (European line) lacks an upward drive and may continue to oscillate. Pay attention to the shipping companies' price - supporting actions during the May Day holiday [20]. - **Stock Index**: The A - share market volume rebounds slightly. The stock index is expected to oscillate at a high level in the short term, affected by Trump's tariff policy and domestic policies [47]. - **Bond**: The bond futures close stably. The central bank will cut the reserve - requirement ratio and interest rates. The market maintains a strong oscillation range, and a steepening strategy is recommended for hedging [48].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and ten other departments have issued the "Implementation Plan for High-Quality Development of the Aluminum Industry (2025-2027)", aiming to enhance the resilience and safety of the supply chain, with a goal of making the overall development level of the aluminum industry globally leading by 2027 [1][2]. Group 1: Development Goals - By 2027, the plan targets a 3%-5% increase in domestic bauxite resources and a production of over 15 million tons of recycled aluminum [2][3]. - The plan emphasizes improving green development levels, with over 30% of electrolytic aluminum capacity exceeding energy efficiency benchmarks and a 30% clean energy usage ratio [2][3]. - The plan aims to enhance technological innovation capabilities, focusing on breakthroughs in low-carbon smelting and precision processing technologies [2][3]. Group 2: Supply Chain and Resource Management - The plan includes accelerating the increase of domestic bauxite resources through new exploration strategies and supporting the development of coal-aluminum co-mining projects [3][4]. - It encourages the mining of low-grade bauxite and the development of technologies for high-sulfur bauxite utilization [3][4]. Group 3: Industry Background and Current Status - The aluminum industry is a strategic resource crucial for national economic development, with China being the largest producer and consumer of aluminum products globally [4][5]. - In 2024, China's production of alumina, electrolytic aluminum, aluminum processing materials, and recycled aluminum is expected to remain the highest in the world, supporting strategic emerging industries [5][6]. - The industry has seen significant technological advancements, including the establishment of the world's largest single alumina production line and a reduction in energy consumption for electrolytic aluminum production [5][6]. Group 4: Market Dynamics - The recent expansion of the national carbon emissions trading market to include the aluminum smelting industry is expected to impact supply and demand dynamics [7]. - The demand for industrial metals is increasing due to sectors like new energy vehicles and computing power, alongside government initiatives to expand strategic material reserves [7].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for the aluminum industry [1]. Core Views - The aluminum industry is experiencing a significant inventory reduction, with a focus on the upcoming peak demand season. The report suggests that the combination of inventory depletion and rising prices may lead to a favorable investment environment [12]. Summary by Sections Inventory - As of March 13, 2025, domestic electrolytic aluminum social inventory stood at 862,000 tons, reflecting a decrease of 6,000 tons from the beginning of the week. The inventory reduction trend is becoming clearer, with the traditional peak demand season approaching [8][12]. Production - In February 2025, electrolytic aluminum production was 3.34 million tons, a decrease of 357,000 tons month-on-month and a year-on-year decline of 222,000 tons. Conversely, alumina production was 6.935 million tons, showing a month-on-month decrease but a year-on-year increase of 215,000 tons [55][58]. Key Companies and Earnings Forecast - Key companies in the aluminum sector include: - Shenhuo Co., Ltd. (Stock Code: 000933.SZ) with a "Buy" rating - China Hongqiao Group (Stock Code: 1378.HK) with a "Buy" rating - Tianshan Aluminum (Stock Code: 002532.SZ) with a "Buy" rating - Aluminum Corporation of China (Stock Code: 601600.SH) with a "Buy" rating - Yunnan Aluminum (Stock Code: 000807.SZ) with a "Buy" rating - Earnings per share (EPS) forecasts for 2025 are as follows: - Shenhuo Co., Ltd.: 2.56 CNY - China Hongqiao Group: 2.26 CNY - Tianshan Aluminum: 0.97 CNY - Aluminum Corporation of China: 0.86 CNY - Yunnan Aluminum: 1.60 CNY [5]. Price Trends - As of March 14, 2025, the LME three-month aluminum closing price was $2,688.5 per ton, a slight decrease from the previous week. The Shanghai aluminum active contract closing price was 20,990 CNY per ton, reflecting an increase of 155 CNY week-on-week [23][24]. Demand - Demand is showing signs of recovery, particularly in the downstream processing industries. The opening rates for aluminum processing sectors are generally improving, with notable increases in demand from the new energy vehicle and battery sectors [8][12].

Investment Rating - The industry is rated as "Positive" for the next 12 months, expecting a relative increase of over 10% compared to the CSI 300 index [22]. Core Insights - In February, excavator sales reached approximately 19,300 units, representing a year-on-year growth of 52.80% [7][10]. - The sales of loaders in February were 8,730 units, with a year-on-year increase of 34.40% [8]. - The average working hours for major construction machinery products in February were 46.4 hours, showing a significant year-on-year growth of 70.3% [8]. - The recovery in excavator sales is attributed to a low base in the same period last year and ongoing equipment renewal policies [10]. - The government work report emphasizes stabilizing the real estate market, which is expected to drive demand for construction machinery through urban renewal and renovation of old residential areas [10]. Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The mechanical equipment industry has shown a strong recovery, with significant increases in sales figures for excavators and loaders [7][10]. - The industry is expected to benefit from improved domestic funding and a rebound in global demand [10]. Company Recommendations - The report maintains "Buy" ratings for Sany Heavy Industry (600031), Zoomlion Heavy Industry (000157), Hengli Hydraulic (601100), and CRRC Corporation (601766) [10]. Financial Performance - Yunnan Aluminum Co., as a "green pioneer" in the aluminum industry, reported a net profit of 3.82 billion yuan for the first three quarters of 2024, marking a year-on-year increase of 52.49% [11]. - The company is expected to benefit from lower raw material costs and a favorable water supply situation in Yunnan, which will enhance its production capacity and profitability [11][12].

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call focuses on the aluminum industry, discussing demand changes and market dynamics as the industry transitions from off-peak to peak seasons [2][4]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Seasonal Transition Indicators**: The aluminum market is entering its peak season, indicated by a slowdown in aluminum ingot inventory accumulation and a rise in downstream operating rates. As of February 28, aluminum ingot inventory reached 870,000 tons, up from 840,000 tons the previous week, but the accumulation rate has significantly decreased compared to previous weeks [2][4]. - **Downstream Demand Recovery**: The overall operating rate for downstream processing enterprises has increased, with specific segments such as profiles, aluminum plates, and cables showing growth. This suggests a gradual recovery in demand, which is favorable for aluminum prices [2][4]. - **Balanced Demand Structure**: The demand structure for aluminum is becoming more balanced, with a decrease in the share of aluminum used in construction (down to 24% in 2024 from 36% in 2021) and an increase in transportation and electrical electronics applications, benefiting from the growth of the new energy vehicle and photovoltaic industries [4][5]. - **Future Growth Areas**: The electric power and automotive sectors are expected to be significant growth drivers for aluminum demand in 2025, with electric power demand potentially accelerating and the automotive sector transitioning from electrification to smart technology [5][10]. - **Impact of Real Estate Market**: The real estate market is experiencing a slight recovery, with new housing transaction areas increasing by 21% year-on-year, which will help mitigate the decline in construction-related aluminum demand [7][14]. - **Photovoltaic Industry Growth**: The photovoltaic sector continues to show strong growth, with significant increases in demand for photovoltaic brackets and frames, driven by installation surges due to policy incentives [8][9]. Additional Important Insights - **Aluminum Processing Demand**: Industrial profiles now account for nearly 60% of aluminum demand, surpassing construction profiles, which have dropped to 40%. This shift is attributed to growth in sectors like photovoltaics, automotive, and consumer electronics [6][10]. - **Aluminum Plate and Strip Development**: In 2024, aluminum plate and strip production increased by 1 million tons, with half of this demand coming from beverage can materials and the other half from automotive and aerospace sectors [12]. - **Wire and Cable Market Growth**: The aluminum wire and cable market saw a 12% year-on-year increase, driven by investments in power infrastructure and the rise of large-scale renewable energy projects [13]. - **Forecast for Aluminum Products Demand**: Demand for various aluminum products is expected to continue rising in the coming months, supported by the photovoltaic sector's installation rush, real estate market recovery, and a thriving automotive market [14][15].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the aluminum industry [4]. Core Viewpoints - The aluminum processing material production in China is expected to grow by 4.4% in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.9% from 2020 to 2024, indicating stable growth [1][2]. - Despite a 6% drag on aluminum demand from the real estate sector, the production of industrial aluminum profiles has historically surpassed that of construction aluminum profiles for the first time, compensating for the decline in construction aluminum [1][11]. - The outlook for 2025 suggests that while the growth rate of new energy vehicles may slow and the photovoltaic sector may not see additional aluminum demand, investment in the power sector is expected to maintain high growth, benefiting the home appliance sector [1][11]. - 2025 is projected to be the peak year for China's primary aluminum supply, with supply growth expected to be less than 2%, likely leading to a supply-demand gap in the aluminum industry, which may sustain or even create new highs in aluminum prices and smelting profits [1][11]. Summary by Sections Aluminum Production Trends - In 2024, China's aluminum processing material production is projected to reach 49 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 4.4%, with significant contributions from aluminum plates, foils, and wires [2]. - From 2020 to 2024, the total increase in aluminum production is expected to be 6.9 million tons, with aluminum plates contributing 42%, aluminum extrusions 28%, and aluminum foils 18% [2]. Industrial Aluminum Profiles - The production of industrial aluminum profiles is expected to reach 11.7 million tons in 2024, marking a 23% year-on-year increase, which compensates for the decline in construction aluminum profiles [6][11]. - The growth in industrial aluminum profiles is primarily driven by the photovoltaic and new energy vehicle sectors, with photovoltaic aluminum profiles contributing 40% to the increase [5][11]. Aluminum Plates and Foils - The production of aluminum plates is expected to increase by 2.9 million tons from 2020 to 2024, with the fastest growth seen in automotive body panels, which have a CAGR of 38% [7][11]. - The production of battery foils and air conditioning foils has shown significant growth, with battery aluminum foil production expected to have a CAGR of 59% from 2020 to 2024 [14].

Group 1 - The aluminum and copper markets are reacting to the potential tariffs proposed by the Trump administration, with significant price increases observed in U.S. futures markets [1][2] - As of February 10, aluminum futures prices rose by 2% to approximately $750 per ton, with expectations that tariffs could push premiums above $1,000 per ton [2] - The U.S. is highly dependent on copper imports, with 45% of its copper consumption expected to rely on imports in 2024, primarily from Chile, Canada, and Mexico [3] Group 2 - Concerns are growing that tariffs on copper could further widen price differentials, especially as the U.S. prepares to implement tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico [3] - The aluminum premium for Japan is expected to rise due to reduced exports from China, reaching a 10-year high, impacting consumer costs significantly [4] - The CEO of a major U.S. aluminum company predicts that the tariffs could lead to the loss of approximately 100,000 jobs in the U.S. aluminum industry [3]

观点聚焦 近期国内地产优化政策兑现[1]，大超市场预期，叠加海内外同步降息释放流动性，电解铝板块估值压 制逐步解除，迎来配置机遇。我们建议短期优先关注氧化铝自给率较高的标的。 理由 电解铝行业供需矛盾突出，美联储降息周期开启叠加国内地产政策超预期有望提振全球铝需求，电解铝 有望迎来配置机遇。 需求侧，宏观面， 海内外同步降息释放流动性，国内地产优化政策超预期兑现， 有利于刺激经济回暖。基本面，一是进入9月后国内秋季旺季特征明显，9月库存下降11万吨为历史同期 最大，下游龙头铝加工企业开工率底部回升1.8ppt。二是国内地产占铝需求约30%，地产政策优化有望 改善铝需求预期。三是以旧换新等政策有望持续带动传统需求复苏，我们预计国内合计占比27%的交运 和家电需求有望获得提振。四是碳中和背景下，新能源汽车及光伏领域的"新三样"铝需求增长方兴未 艾，我们测算2023-2028年全球新兴需求占比有望从10%提升至17%，其中新能源车需求未来5年仍是铝 板块增速最快的领域。五是我们预计海外欧美再工业化需求有望回升，南亚和东南亚新兴经济体的高速 发展，亦有望加快拉动国内铝材出口。 供给侧， 全球产能刚性和脆弱性凸显，国内 ...