Industry Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Outperform the Market" and is maintained [2] Core Views - The report highlights the recent performance of precious metals, with gold rising by 1.24% and silver by 3.79% due to the easing of panic following weaker non-farm data [5] - Copper prices increased by 1.40% this week, benefiting from improved economic sentiment in the US [6] - The lithium market is experiencing a significant price surge due to potential supply constraints, with expectations of prices reaching 65,000 to 90,000 yuan per ton in the near future [7] - Cobalt prices are expected to rise as procurement of high-priced raw materials increases among manufacturers [8] - The rare earth market is showing signs of improvement, with exports increasing by 21.4% year-on-year in July [8] Summary by Sections Section 1: Market Performance - The non-ferrous metal sector saw a weekly increase of 5.24%, ranking third among sectors [17] - The top five stocks in the sector this week included Huaguang New Materials and Ningbo Yunsheng [18] Section 2: Prices - Basic metals saw price increases: LME copper up 1.40%, aluminum up 1.69%, zinc up 3.83%, lead up 1.49%, and tin up 1.17% [20] - Precious metals also saw gains: COMEX gold up 1.24% and silver up 3.79% [20] Section 3: Inventory - Global visible copper inventory increased by 19,482 tons, while aluminum inventory rose by 2,716 tons [33]

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The focus is on precious metals, copper, cobalt, and lithium industries, with significant developments expected in the coming months [1][2][4][19]. Precious Metals - Economic concerns have intensified due to downward revisions of U.S. non-farm data, leading to an increase in precious metal prices. The market anticipates an over 80% probability of a Federal Reserve rate cut in September, presenting investment opportunities in precious metals by year-end [1][2]. - The current valuation of gold stocks is low, suggesting a good time for investors to buy into 3-5 companies to capture beta returns, with specific recommendations including Zhaojin Mining and Chifeng Jilong Gold Mining [1][11]. - Recent U.S. economic data, including a significant drop in non-farm employment figures, indicates a fragile job market, which is favorable for precious metals as safe-haven assets [6][10]. Copper Market - The Trump administration's imposition of a 50% tariff on copper semi-finished products, excluding upstream raw materials, has led to a rapid decline in COMEX copper prices, aligning them with other regions [3][13]. - Supply disruptions due to accidents in major copper-producing regions, such as Chile and the Democratic Republic of Congo, are tightening supply, which may support copper prices in the near term [7][14][15]. - The copper market is currently in a tight balance, with supply growth expected to be around 1%, which will continue to support prices. The anticipated Fed rate cuts may further benefit copper prices [16]. Cobalt Market - Cobalt imports from the Democratic Republic of Congo have significantly declined due to policy changes, leading to tighter raw material supplies. Cobalt prices are expected to challenge 300,000 yuan or higher in August [1][17]. - Companies like Huayou Cobalt, which have production lines unaffected by Congolese policies, are positioned to benefit from rising prices and inventory advantages [17][18]. Lithium Market - The lithium market is facing significant changes, with two projects facing mining license expirations, which could impact global supply by nearly 10% [19][21]. - The industry is currently experiencing high inventory levels, and if prices remain between 60,000 to 70,000 yuan per ton, many projects may face cash flow issues [20]. - Government interventions aimed at clearing excess capacity may help establish a higher price floor for lithium, with expectations that the bottom price will not reach previous levels [22]. Investment Recommendations - Investors are advised to focus on companies with strong fundamentals and reasonable valuations in the cobalt and lithium sectors, such as Zhongjin Resources and Shengxin Lithium Energy, while also considering the potential for price recovery in the precious metals market [23].

Core Viewpoint - UBS analysts express mixed feedback on the anti-involution measures, indicating that the market remains skeptical about their potential impact on stock prices [1][4]. Industry Analysis - **Cement**: Price decline mainly due to weak demand, with output prices remaining above cost levels. The sector is mostly priced in, with CNBM (3323 HK) as a top pick [2]. - **Coal**: Limited outdated capacity and energy security concerns lead to a slight price increase, with moderate demand impact. The sector is partly priced in [2]. - **Lithium**: Long-term demand remains strong, with potential price increases for lithium carbonate contracts. The sector is slightly priced in, with Qinghai Salt Lake (000792 CH) as a top pick [2]. - **Chemicals**: Certain subsectors face poor profitability, with potential for capacity reform. The sector is not priced in, with Hualu-Hengsheng (600426 CH) and Hengli (600346 CH) as top picks [2]. - **Auto**: Strong price cuts and global pressure on excess capacity lead to slightly higher consumption. The sector is not priced in, with BYD (1211 HK), Li Auto (LI US), and GWM (2333 HK) as top picks [2]. - **Insurance**: Financial stability is important, with limited demand impact. The sector is partly priced in, with Ping An Insurance-H (2318 HK) and CPIC-H (2601 HK) as top picks [2]. - **Solar Supply Chain**: Low profit margins and global pressure to cut excess capacity lead to higher prices. The sector is slightly priced in, with GCL Tech (3800 HK), Tongwei (600438 CH), and Longi (601012 CH) as top picks [2]. - **Hog**: Hog prices are a key component of CPI, with limited demand impact. The sector is partly priced in, with Muyuan (002714 CH) and Wens (300498 CH) as top picks [2]. - **Healthcare**: Healthcare costs need to be kept low, with limited demand impact. The sector is mostly priced in, with 3S Bio (1530 HK) and Weigao (1066 HK) as top picks [2]. - **Food Delivery**: Companies face loss-making conditions, with high demand sensitivity. The sector is slightly priced in, with Alibaba (BABA US) as a top pick [2]. - **Steel**: Steel gross margins remain decent, with limited demand impact. The sector is overly priced in [2]. Investment Opportunities - UBS identifies solar, chemicals, and lithium industries as the most attractive for selective investment based on their low profitability, growth potential, and valuation risks [4][12].

瑞银根据以下标准对板块进行排名：1)动机，即价格无序竞争的程度(利润率愈低的板块，动机愈强);2) 需求反应及对价格和利润率的潜在影响;3)市场已定价的程度。基于上述标准，该行偏好太阳能、化工 和锂行业，太阳能供应链板块首选股包括协鑫科技(03800)、通威股份(600438.SH)及隆基绿能 (601012.SH);化工板块首选华鲁恒升(600426.SH)及恒力石化(600346.SH);锂行业首选盐湖股份 (000792.SZ)。 该行指，内地"反内卷"运动似乎已扩展到多个领域，但各行业的强度差异显著：在外卖和汽车行业，监 管机构召集相关企业，敦促其整改某些促销行为并进行理性竞争;在太阳能行业，根据《价格法》，禁 止制造商以低于成本的价格销售;在煤炭行业，监管机构将8个省份的产量限制在总产能的110%以内;在 锂行业，监管机构加强对非法采矿活动的审查;在生猪养殖行业，监管机构与生产商召开会议，强调对 产能的更严格控制;在化工行业，监管机构要求提供有关落后产能的信息;在医疗行业，监管机构表示在 药品和医疗器械的集采中需考虑其他非价格因素。总体而言，该行认为内地当前措施相较2014至2015年 阶段的干预程 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the non-ferrous metals industry is "Positive" (maintained) [4] Core Views - The report highlights the impact of the recent 232 tariffs on copper, which do not include refined copper, leading to a significant drop in US copper prices. The week saw a decline in copper prices with LME copper down 2.51%, SHFE copper down 1.07%, and US copper down 23.45% [5][10]. - The report emphasizes the recovery in downstream copper demand, with the copper rod operating rate increasing by 2.36 percentage points to 71.73% [5]. - The report suggests monitoring the supply disruptions in Chile and the potential impact of the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts in September [5]. Summary by Sections 1. Industry Overview - Important macroeconomic information includes lower-than-expected job vacancies in the US and mixed employment data, indicating a cautious economic outlook [9]. - The non-ferrous metals sector underperformed, with the Shenwan non-ferrous index down 4.62%, lagging behind the Shanghai Composite Index by 3.68 percentage points [12]. 2. Industrial Metals Copper - LME copper prices fell by 2.51%, while SHFE copper prices decreased by 1.07%. LME copper inventory increased by 10.33% [26]. - The report notes a copper smelting profit of -2408 CNY/ton, indicating a narrowing loss [26]. Aluminum - LME aluminum prices dropped by 4.12%, and SHFE aluminum prices fell by 1.33%. The report indicates a decrease in aluminum smelting profit to 4116 CNY/ton, down 7.71% [37]. Lead and Zinc - LME lead prices decreased by 3.30%, and SHFE lead prices fell by 1.48%. LME zinc prices dropped by 4.59%, while SHFE zinc prices decreased by 2.19% [52]. - The report highlights a smelting profit of 346 CNY/ton for zinc, with mining profits down 6.47% to 6884 CNY/ton [52]. Tin and Nickel - LME tin prices fell by 5.10%, and SHFE tin prices decreased by 2.47%. LME nickel prices dropped by 4.08%, while SHFE nickel prices fell by 2.83% [66]. 3. Energy Metals Lithium - Lithium carbonate prices decreased by 2.13% to 71350 CNY/ton, while lithium hydroxide prices increased by 4.04% to 65670 CNY/ton [83]. - The report indicates a smelting profit of 862 CNY/ton for lithium from spodumene, while the profit from lithium from lepidolite was -4608 CNY/ton [83]. Cobalt - Domestic cobalt prices surged by 11.29% to 276000 CNY/ton, with significant increases in cobalt smelting profits [96]. 4. Market Performance - The report provides a detailed analysis of the performance of various non-ferrous metal stocks, highlighting the top gainers and losers in the market [12]. 5. Valuation Changes - The report notes that the PE_TTM for the non-ferrous sector is 20.54, with a decrease of 0.88, while the PB_LF is 2.37, down 0.11 [21].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information regarding the report industry investment rating is provided in the given content. 2. Core Views Copper - The copper market shows a pattern of "loosening supply expectation and weakening demand" in non - US regions after the 232 investigation. The short - term copper price is affected by macro factors and fundamentals. The price is supported by domestic macro - policies and low inventory, but the demand is weak due to price rebound and the traditional off - season. The main contract is expected to be in the range of 78000 - 80000 [1]. Aluminum - For alumina, the short - term price may rebound due to supply tightness in the ore end and low inventory of futures warrants, but the market will remain slightly oversupplied in the long run. It is recommended to be cautious about the squeeze - out risk and consider short - selling at high prices in the medium term. For aluminum, under the pressure of inventory accumulation, weakening demand, and macro - disturbances, the short - term price is expected to be under pressure at high levels, with the main contract price in the range of 20200 - 21000 [3]. Aluminum Alloy - The aluminum alloy market is in a situation where the demand is suppressed by the off - season, and the price is restricted by weak demand but has limited downward space due to high scrap aluminum costs. The main contract is expected to fluctuate widely in the range of 19600 - 20400 [4]. Zinc - The zinc market has a loose supply expectation in the long run, but the short - term price rebounds due to positive macro - policies. However, the off - season demand and supply pressure limit the upward space. The main contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 22000 - 23000 [8]. Tin - The tin market has a tight supply of tin ore, and the demand is expected to be weak after the end of the photovoltaic installation rush. The price has fallen from a high level, and it is recommended to wait and see, focusing on Sino - US negotiations and inventory changes after Myanmar's resumption of production [12]. Nickel - The nickel market shows a weak and volatile trend. The macro - environment has no obvious improvement. The supply of nickel ore is expected to be loose, and the supply of refined nickel is increasing. The short - term price is expected to adjust within a range, with the main contract in the range of 120000 - 128000 [14]. Stainless Steel - The stainless steel market has a slow - moving spot demand. The price is mainly driven by policies and macro - emotions, and the short - term price is expected to fluctuate, with the main contract in the range of 12600 - 13200 [16]. Lithium Carbonate - The lithium carbonate market has increased supply - side uncertainties, and the trading focus has shifted to the ore end. The supply and demand are in a tight balance, and the inventory is accumulating. The short - term price is expected to fluctuate widely, and it is recommended to wait and see for single - side trading [19]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Price and Basis - **Copper**: The price of SMM 1 electrolytic copper is 79025 yuan/ton, down 0.06% from the previous day. The SMM 1 electrolytic copper premium is 110 yuan/ton, up 15 yuan/ton from the previous day. The import profit and loss is - 316 yuan/ton, up 25.16 yuan/ton from the previous day [1]. - **Aluminum**: The price of SMM A00 aluminum is 20620 yuan/ton, down 0.19% from the previous day. The import profit and loss is 87.4 yuan/ton, up 1662 yuan/ton from the previous day [3]. - **Aluminum Alloy**: The price of SMM aluminum alloy ADC12 remains unchanged at 20100 yuan/ton [4]. - **Zinc**: The price of SMM 0 zinc ingot is 22570 yuan/ton, down 0.35% from the previous day. The import profit and loss is - 1637 yuan/ton, up 73.72 yuan/ton from the previous day [8]. - **Tin**: The price of SMM 1 tin is 266100 yuan/ton, down 1.00% from the previous day. The import profit and loss is - 17714.03 yuan/ton, up 1360.71 yuan/ton from the previous day [12]. - **Nickel**: The price of SMM 1 electrolytic nickel is 122450 yuan/ton, down 0.61% from the previous day. The import profit and loss is - 1316 yuan/ton, up 139 yuan/ton from the previous day [14]. - **Stainless Steel**: The price of 304/2B (Wuxi Hongwang 2.0 coil) remains unchanged at 12900 yuan/ton [16]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: The price of SMM battery - grade lithium carbonate is 73150 yuan/ton, down 1.01% from the previous day. The basis (SMM electric carbon benchmark) is 2690 yuan/ton, up 490 yuan/ton from the previous day [19]. Fundamental Data - **Copper**: In June, the electrolytic copper production was 113.49 million tons, down 0.30% from the previous month; the import volume was 30.05 million tons, up 18.74% [1]. - **Aluminum**: In June, the alumina production was 725.81 million tons, down 0.19% from the previous month; the electrolytic aluminum production was 360.90 million tons, down 3.22% [3]. - **Aluminum Alloy**: In June, the production of recycled aluminum alloy ingots was 61.50 million tons, up 1.49% from the previous month; the production of primary aluminum alloy ingots was 25.50 million tons, down 2.30% [4]. - **Zinc**: In June, the refined zinc production was 58.51 million tons, up 6.50% from the previous month; the import volume was 3.61 million tons, up 34.97% [8]. - **Tin**: In June, the domestic tin ore import was 11911 tons, SMM refined tin production was 13810 tons, and the average smelting plant operating rate was 57.30% [12]. - **Nickel**: The Chinese refined nickel production in June was 31800 tons, down 10.04% from the previous month; the import volume was 19157 tons, up 116.90% [14]. - **Stainless Steel**: The production of 300 - series stainless steel crude steel in China (43 enterprises) in June was 171.33 million tons, down 3.83% from the previous month [16]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: In June, the lithium carbonate production was 78090 tons, up 8.34% from the previous month; the demand was 93836 tons, down 0.15% [19].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The market expects the Fed to keep interest rates unchanged in July with a 2.6% probability of a rate cut, but the expectation of a rate cut in September has risen to 60.5%. The US economy shows resilience, with the July composite PMI reaching a new high, but the manufacturing PMI falling into the contraction range. The gold market has increased long - short divergence, and domestic gold investment demand is strong while jewelry consumption is suppressed by high prices [3]. - Copper prices may decline slightly in the future week as the anti - involution heat fades, and will experience significant fluctuations due to major macro - events [14]. - Aluminum is expected to fluctuate at a high level in the short term, with low inventory supporting prices but weakening demand. Alumina has intensified capital games, and casting aluminum alloy is expected to maintain high - level fluctuations [34][35][36]. - Zinc's supply is gradually shifting from tight to surplus, demand is weak in the off - season, and short - term focus is on macro data and supply disturbances [66]. - The nickel - stainless steel market was boosted by sentiment last week. Nickel ore support is loosening, and new energy demand is weak [81]. - Tin prices may decline slightly as the anti - involution heat fades, and are affected by macro - events [96]. - In the short term, lithium carbonate is affected by macro - sentiment, and in the long - term, the start - up rate is expected to increase with rising prices [107]. - Industrial silicon is expected to fluctuate strongly, and the polysilicon market should be cautious about the situation of "strong expectation, weak reality" [117]. 3. Summaries by Related Catalogs Precious Metals - **Market Expectations**: The market expects the Fed to maintain the interest rate in July (2.6% probability of a rate cut), and the expectation of a rate cut in September has risen to 60.5%. The US economic data shows mixed signals, with the composite PMI at a high and the manufacturing PMI in contraction [3]. - **Market Sentiment and Demand**: The 15% tariff agreement between the US and Europe weakens the safe - haven demand. Domestic gold investment demand is strong (23.69% year - on - year increase in gold bar and coin consumption in the first half of the year), but jewelry consumption is suppressed by high prices [3]. - **Position Changes**: COMEX gold's total positions and net long positions have increased significantly, indicating intensified long - short divergence [3]. Copper - **Price Movement and Reasons**: Copper prices rose and then fell last week. The rise was due to anti - involution and expected copper demand from the Yajiang Hydropower Station, but these factors have limited short - term impact. Future price trends will be affected by the fading anti - involution heat and macro - events [14]. - **Market Data**: As of the report date, the latest price of Shanghai copper futures and spot copper has declined, and the import profit and loss and processing fees have also changed [15][22][26]. Aluminum and Alumina - **Aluminum**: The anti - involution sentiment has eased, and the price has slightly declined. Low inventory supports prices, but demand is weakening. It is expected to fluctuate at a high level in the short term [34]. - **Alumina**: The production capacity is high and in surplus, but the spot is still tight. The warehouse receipts are at a low level, and the price has been affected by trading restrictions [35]. - **Casting Aluminum Alloy**: The supply side is affected by the price of scrap aluminum, and the demand side shows good short - term performance. It is expected to maintain high - level fluctuations [36]. Zinc - **Fundamentals**: Supply is gradually shifting from tight to surplus, and demand is weak in the off - season. Short - term focus is on macro data and supply disturbances [66]. - **Market Data**: The latest prices of zinc futures and spot zinc have declined, and inventory has changed [67][72][75]. Nickel and Stainless Steel - **Market Movement**: The nickel - stainless steel market was boosted by sentiment last week. Nickel ore support is loosening, and new energy demand is weak [81]. - **Market Data**: The prices of nickel and stainless steel futures have changed, and trading volume and positions have also fluctuated [82]. Tin - **Price Movement and Reasons**: Tin prices rose due to anti - involution and may decline slightly as the heat fades, being affected by macro - events [96]. - **Market Data**: The latest prices of tin futures and spot tin have declined, and inventory has increased [97][101][103]. Lithium Carbonate - **Market Outlook**: In the short term, it is affected by macro - sentiment, and in the long - term, the start - up rate is expected to increase with rising prices [107]. - **Market Data**: The prices of lithium carbonate futures and spot lithium have changed, and inventory has also fluctuated [108][111][115]. Silicon Industry Chain - **Industrial Silicon**: It is expected to fluctuate strongly due to good macro - sentiment and the rise of polysilicon [117]. - **Polysilicon**: The market is hyped up by policy expectations, and caution is needed about the "strong expectation, weak reality" situation [117]. - **Market Data**: The prices of industrial silicon and polysilicon products have changed, and production and inventory data are also provided [118][124][132]

Core Viewpoint - The recent market volatility is driven by intense corrections in speculation, raising questions about whether the current supply-side policy-driven rally has ended or is merely a "backward catch" opportunity [3][8]. Policy Analysis - The government has emphasized the need to combat deflation through supply-side policies, such as halting the addition of excess capacity and promoting domestic consumption. The scope of supply rationalization measures has expanded to include metals, petrochemicals, and industries like lithium and coal, which have reported supply disruptions [3][9]. - Historical responses to deflation have varied, with the current situation being unique due to the predominance of advanced capacity and the fragmented industrial landscape, alongside high government debt limiting fiscal space [3][9][10]. Commodity-Specific Insights - Lithium prices have rebounded but remain below marginal cash costs of $11,500/ton, with approximately 45% of global capacity unable to cover cash costs at a price of $9,000/ton. This suggests limited downside potential for prices [4][13]. - Recent compliance checks in the lithium sector may lead to short-term supply disruptions, with around 20,000 tons of lithium capacity facing compliance risks, potentially resulting in significant inventory depletion and price rebounds [14]. - In the coal sector, production inspections are focused on preventing overproduction, with expectations of moderate impacts. However, recent price declines may limit further downside [5][15]. Agricultural Sector Developments - The hog farming industry is actively responding to regulatory controls by reducing breeding sow inventories and adjusting market weights, which may support near-term price stability and long-term valuation increases [6][16]. Market Trends and Expectations - The bond market reflects expectations of prolonged deflation, with government policies aimed at supply-side constraints potentially boosting industrial prices and improving upstream profits. This may reduce the urgency for monetary easing [6][17]. - The recent surge in government infrastructure investment, such as the $1.2 trillion Tibet dam project, has also contributed to supply concerns and influenced market dynamics [6][17].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the non-ferrous metals industry [4]. Core Views - The report highlights that supply-side disturbances are causing lithium prices to continue to break through previous levels. Additionally, the long-term bullish trend for gold remains intact despite recent price corrections due to improved market risk appetite following trade agreements [1][37]. Summary by Sections Weekly Data Tracking - The non-ferrous metals sector saw a significant increase this week, with a 6.7% rise in the Shenwan Non-ferrous Metals Index. Sub-sectors such as small metals and energy metals experienced even higher gains of 14.3% and 12.4%, respectively [10][17]. Industrial Metals - **Copper**: Price strength driven by tariff easing and anti-involution sentiment. Domestic electrolytic copper production increased by 13.16% year-on-year to 6.6276 million tons in the first half of the year, despite supply constraints [2]. - **Aluminum**: Short-term price fluctuations due to changing sentiments around anti-involution policies. The theoretical operating capacity of China's electrolytic aluminum industry reached 43.975 million tons, with minor production adjustments observed [2]. Energy Metals - **Lithium**: Continued supply-side disturbances led to a price increase, with battery-grade lithium carbonate rising 14.3% to 79,000 yuan/ton. Concerns over mining license renewals may tighten supply further [2][28]. - **Silicon Metal**: Prices are expected to remain strong in the short term due to market sentiment influenced by anti-involution policies, despite stable demand from downstream industries [2]. Precious Metals - Gold prices have corrected due to improved market risk appetite following trade agreements, but the long-term bullish outlook remains unchanged amid ongoing concerns over global monetary credit and public debt [1][37]. Key Stocks - The report recommends several stocks for investment, including: - **Shanxi International** (Buy) - **Chifeng Jilong Gold Mining** (Buy) - **Luoyang Molybdenum** (Buy) - **China Hongqiao Group** (Buy) [5].

近期，瑞银发布系列研究报告，聚焦中国铁矿石、煤炭、锂三大周期行业，剖析价格驱动逻辑与投资机 会。从铁矿石因重大基建利好上涨，到煤炭行业迎来产能核查，再到锂矿权整治引发供应担忧，三大板 块均呈现鲜明的基本面变化。 铁矿石：水电站建设成催化剂，价格逆势走强 7 月22日数据显示，62%品位铁矿石青岛到岸价(CFR)报103美元/干吨，较前一日上涨2.7%。这一涨势主 要受两大因素驱动：一是中国宣布启动全球最大水电站建设，拉动钢材需求预期；二是国内钢厂利润率 保持坚挺，对铁矿石采购积极性不减。 锂：矿权整治引发供应担忧，价格有望冲击百万关口 中国GFEX碳酸锂期货9月合约近期表现抢眼，7月22日报72.8万元/吨，较一个月前的低点上涨25%，核 心驱动力是市场对供应中断的担忧。近期行业接连出现扰动：8家锂云母矿企被要求重新完善锂资源开 采文件，藏格矿业（000408）因矿权问题被当地自然资源局要求暂停锂生产，江特电机（002176）因潜 在股权变动停牌。 瑞银指出，这一系列事件源于中央对锂矿权的全面核查。合规要求包括：采矿许可证必须明确包含锂资 源、产量不得超过批准产能、若锂为主要产品需由自然资源部核发许可证、足额 ...