2026 年 2 月 27 日 晨会速递 分析师点评 市场数据 总量研究 【宏观】特朗普能否开启"黄金时代"？——解构美国系列第十九篇 2 月 25 日，特朗普发布第二任期内首份国情咨文演讲，为 2026 年的中期选举拉开帷 幕，关税，民生、电力是三大重点议题。关税方面，将尽量维持现有关税税率，但尚 未透露退税、232 调查等具体安排；民生方面，为美国工人提供类似 401K 账户的退 休金计划是亮点，但面临财政和国会的约束；电力方面，要求美国大型科技公司自建 电厂，缓解电价担忧，费用由科技公司自行承担。 【电新】碳排放双控转型推动碳成本重估，看好绿电的非电应用——碳中和深度报告 （十四）(买入) 国内从能耗双控向碳排放双控的考核机制转变、欧盟碳关税实质落地，具备低碳或负 碳属性的资产（绿铝、绿氢氨醇、零碳园区等）将获得绿色溢价。综合考虑下游支付 溢价能力、替代经济性等因素，航运燃料绿醇、储氢固碳绿氨、氢冶金领域的非电应 用有望受益。建议关注：1）上游制氢：布局绿色氢醇氨制造的企业：电投绿能、嘉 泽新能、金风科技（A+H）、中国天楹、佛燃能源等。2）化工转型：ST 嘉澳、东华 科技。3）中游设备：华电科工、双良 ...

开源证券近日发布电力行业2026年度投资策略：2025年，A股红利风格板块整体表现不佳。2025年，电 力需求维持平稳增长，我国全社会用电10.37万亿千瓦时，同比增长5.0%。预计十五五期间我国将呈 现"宽电量、紧电力"的电力供需格局，综合电价有望企稳。 以下为研究报告摘要： 1.行业回顾：红利风格表现不佳，电力需求平稳增长 2025年，A股红利风格板块整体表现不佳。2025年，电力需求维持平稳增长，我国全社会用电10.37万亿 千瓦时，同比增长5.0%。预计十五五期间我国将呈现"宽电量、紧电力"的电力供需格局，综合电价有望 企稳。 2.电力：电价下探、补贴退坡，电力体制改革步入深水区 （1）火电：电价承压、煤价趋稳，容量电价重塑火电商业模式。2025年北方火电单位盈利整体同比向 好，东南沿海火电单位盈利承压。2026年江苏、浙江年度长协电价同比下降68.26、67.54元/兆瓦时。容 量电价基本能够覆盖煤电固定成本，折旧到期后有望贡献稳定盈利，红利属性有望强化。 （2）水电：经营稳健，低利率环境下具备长期配置价值。2025年，主要水电上市公司经营稳健。 2024H2起，水电股息率与国债收益率的息差走阔；2 ...

Group 1: Key Insights on the Robotics Industry - Quadruped robots, known as "machine dogs," have strong environmental adaptability and have entered the commercialization phase, excelling in tasks where wheeled or tracked robots struggle [10] - The market for machine dogs is expected to grow significantly due to diverse application scenarios, including defense, industrial use, emergency rescue, and consumer household applications [10] - The machine dog industry is experiencing global competition, with domestic brands currently holding a dominant position, and over 50 domestic companies are now involved in the market [10] Group 2: Key Insights on the Utilities Sector - In the thermal power sector, both coal and electricity prices are declining, which is expected to stabilize revenue through capacity pricing, while coal prices are projected to average 697 RMB/ton in 2025, a decrease of 18.47% year-on-year [10] - Hydropower utilization hours are expected to increase in 2025, with a projected annual utilization of 3367 hours, benefiting from improved water conditions and reduced financial costs due to interest rate cuts [10] - Nuclear power is anticipated to maintain high utilization hours, with a projected 7809 hours in 2025, although performance may be impacted by declining market electricity prices [10] Group 3: Investment Recommendations - For thermal power, recommended companies include Guodian Power, Inner Mongolia Huadian, and Huaneng International Power, which are expected to benefit from stable profitability [10] - In the hydropower sector, companies like Yangtze Power and State Power Investment are recommended due to their expected stable growth in generation capacity [10] - In the natural gas sector, long-term prospects are positive for companies like Kunlun Energy and New Hope Energy, as cost reductions and demand recovery are anticipated [10]

Investment Rating - The report rates the public utility industry as "Overweight" for 2025, indicating a positive outlook compared to the overall market performance [1]. Core Insights - The report highlights that the cost pressures from coal and natural gas prices are easing, which is expected to improve the profit margins for power generation companies. The implementation of capacity pricing is stabilizing revenues, allowing for a diversified income model for thermal power companies [3]. - Hydropower is projected to benefit from improved water conditions in the second half of 2025, leading to stable growth in electricity generation. The reduction in financial costs due to interest rate cuts is also expected to enhance profitability [3]. - Nuclear power utilization hours are expected to remain high, but the decline in market electricity prices may negatively impact earnings. The approval of new nuclear projects is anticipated to support long-term growth [3]. - Renewable energy, particularly wind and solar, is expected to continue its high growth trajectory, supported by favorable investment mechanisms and stable returns from existing projects [3]. - The natural gas sector is poised for profitability improvements due to declining costs and a recovery in demand from commercial users [3]. Summary by Sections Thermal Power - Coal prices are expected to decline initially and then rebound, with an average price of 697 RMB/ton for 2025, down 18.47% year-on-year. The average price in Q2 2025 is projected to be 632 RMB/ton, a 12.36% decrease quarter-on-quarter and a 25.5% decrease year-on-year. The implementation of capacity pricing is expected to stabilize revenues for thermal power companies [3]. Hydropower - The utilization hours for hydropower are projected to be 3367 hours in 2025, an increase of 12 hours year-on-year. The first half of the year is expected to see lower water levels, while the second half will benefit from improved conditions, particularly in Q4 [3]. Nuclear Power - The utilization hours for nuclear power are expected to reach 7809 hours in 2025, an increase of 126 hours year-on-year. However, the decline in market electricity prices may negatively impact earnings [3]. Renewable Energy - By the end of September 2025, the total installed capacity for wind and solar energy is expected to reach 1.7 billion kW, with annual additions of 15-18.9 million kW needed to meet the 2035 target of 3.6 billion kW [3]. Natural Gas - The report anticipates a recovery in sales volume for natural gas companies in Q4 2025, driven by lower costs and improved demand from commercial sectors [3]. Company Performance Forecast - The report provides a detailed forecast for key companies in the public utility sector, indicating varying growth rates across different segments, with some companies expected to see significant profit growth while others may experience declines [4][5]. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends several companies across different segments, including thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power, renewable energy, and natural gas, highlighting those with strong growth potential and stable earnings [3].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Buy" [2] Core Insights - The thermal power sector shows strong performance with stable capacity pricing contributing to profitability [1] - The average earnings growth for 31 public utility companies is projected to increase by 28% year-on-year for 2025, with notable growth from thermal power companies [7] - The introduction of a new capacity pricing mechanism is expected to enhance revenue for thermal power plants, with an estimated increase of 0.016 CNY per kWh in 2026 compared to 2025 [17][21] - The shift towards capacity and auxiliary service revenues is redefining the profitability model for thermal power, moving away from traditional energy pricing [7] Summary by Sections 1. 2025 Earnings Forecast - 31 companies reported earnings forecasts, with significant growth from thermal power companies such as Jinkong Power (+446%), Jiantou Energy (+253%), and Jingneng Power (+104%) [15] - Water power companies like Qianyuan Power saw a nearly 175% increase, while leading hydropower company Yangtze Power maintained a steady 5% growth [15] 2. Capacity Pricing Mechanism - The new capacity pricing mechanism will raise the standard to at least 165 CNY per kW per year, with some provinces like Gansu and Yunnan increasing it to 330 CNY per kW per year [17][21] - The overall capacity compensation market is projected to reach 188 billion CNY in 2026, significantly boosting thermal power revenue [21] 3. Industry Trends - The report highlights a transition in the thermal power sector towards a model that emphasizes capacity and auxiliary services, which are becoming core profit sources [7] - The focus on market capitalization management and dividend commitments from companies like Guodian Power is expected to enhance the valuation of thermal power assets [7] 4. Recent Policy Developments - Recent announcements regarding local electricity pricing mechanisms indicate a trend towards more competitive pricing structures in the market [25][26] - The implementation of new trading rules in various provinces aims to stabilize and enhance the efficiency of electricity markets [25][26] 5. High-Frequency Data Tracking - Recent data shows stable coal prices at Qinhuangdao, with a slight decrease in inventory levels at northern ports [31] - The report notes fluctuations in natural gas prices, with domestic prices remaining higher than at the beginning of the year while international prices have shown volatility [31]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report emphasizes that green electricity is still experiencing a downward trend from installed capacity to revenue and profit, but the implementation of Document No. 136 is expected to enhance the stability of ROE in the green electricity sector [1] - The report suggests focusing on subsidies and environmental value as entry points for investment in green electricity, while downplaying the emphasis on performance [1] - For nuclear power, continuous approval of nuclear units is noted, with a greater focus on market-driven electricity price levels [1] Group 2 - The gas sector is currently in a state of margin recovery, with more attention on the growth of gas sales volume [1] - Both the nuclear power and gas sectors exhibit stronger cyclical attributes [1]

Group 1 - The fundamentals and industry landscape of waste-to-energy are steadily improving, while nuclear power is entering a period of intensive production, contributing stable profit increments annually [1] - The waste-to-energy sector is effectively transforming its operations, focusing on enhancing existing assets and improving cash flow, which boosts dividend capacity and willingness [1] - Nuclear power assets in South China are expected to stabilize in profitability, with the sector entering a phase of consistent production during the "14th Five-Year Plan" [1] Group 2 - There remains a strong demand for high dividend-paying investments, particularly in thermal power and Hong Kong utilities, as long-term funds seek high-yield options [2] - Compared to previously favored hydropower, thermal and waste-to-energy sectors are seen as having greater potential for dividend increases due to reduced capital expenditures and strong cash flows [2] - Hong Kong utilities are characterized by predictable profits and high historical dividend certainty, making them attractive investment options [2] Group 3 - The transition to a new energy system is ongoing, with the "14th Five-Year Plan" focusing on green energy consumption, application, and accelerated grid construction [3] - The green energy sector is expected to recover from its fundamental low, aided by various measures including reduced investment on the supply side and enhanced responsibilities on the demand side [3] - There are opportunities for improved cash flow in green energy operations due to accelerated subsidy disbursements, particularly for leading companies with high wind energy ratios and operational capabilities [3]

Core Viewpoint - The report from GF Securities highlights a significant shift in China's electricity consumption from secondary industries to tertiary industries and urban-rural residents, primarily driven by wind and solar energy contributions. The performance of thermal power companies is expected to diverge significantly in 2025, with northern companies showing better stock performance due to high growth in earnings. The improvement in free cash flow for thermal power companies suggests a potential shift towards a "public utility" model [1][2]. Group 1: Electricity Consumption Trends - The increase in electricity consumption is transitioning from secondary industries to tertiary industries and urban-rural residents, with projected contributions of 34.6%, 47.6%, and 50.2% from 2023 to 2025 respectively [1] - The growth in electricity generation is primarily attributed to wind and solar energy, with wind and solar expected to contribute 86.2% of the total increase from January to November 2025, compared to 35.8% and 44.7% in 2023 and 2024 respectively [1] - The long-term electricity proportion is decreasing, with adjustments made by two ministries reducing the 2026 long-term electricity ratio to 70% from the previous 80%, allowing for more flexible market adjustments [1] Group 2: Thermal Power Sector Insights - In 2025, stock performance among thermal power companies is expected to vary significantly, with northern companies like Jintou Energy and Jingneng Power seeing stock price increases of 60%-70% in the first half of the year [2] - The long-term electricity price for 2026 is approaching its lower limit, with limited future declines expected; an increase in coal power capacity prices could lead to a near 2 cents per kilowatt-hour increase in revenue [2] - The improvement in free cash flow for thermal power companies indicates a significant potential for increased dividend payouts, suggesting a shift towards a "public utility" model [2] Group 3: Hydropower Sector Developments - The abundant rainfall in the second half of 2025 in the Pearl and Yangtze River basins is expected to boost hydropower generation, with Changjiang Electric reporting a net profit of 34.2 billion yuan for 2025, a 5% year-on-year increase [3] - High reservoir levels at the end of 2025 are anticipated to support electricity generation during the dry season in the first half of 2026, with water power expected to maintain profit growth over multiple quarters [3] - The peak period for hydropower project commissioning is approaching, with several power stations in the Dadu River basin set to commence operations, and ongoing asset securitization processes are also noteworthy [3] Group 4: Green Energy and Nuclear Power Insights - The green energy sector has not yet fully transitioned from installation to revenue and profit, but the introduction of policy 136 is expected to enhance the stability of return on equity (ROE) in this sector [4] - The nuclear power sector is seeing continued approvals for new units, with a focus on market-driven electricity pricing [4] - The gas sector is recovering in terms of gross margins, with an emphasis on increasing sales volume [4] Group 5: Investment Opportunities in Public Utilities - Recommended stocks in the thermal power sector include Huaneng International Power, Huadian International Power, Guodian Power, and others known for high dividends and effective market management [5] - In the hydropower sector, companies like Changjiang Electric and Guikang Electric are highlighted for their strong performance and asset injection potential [5] - The gas sector is represented by Jiufeng Energy, which is capitalizing on coal-to-gas initiatives [5] - High ROE and low price-to-book ratio green energy stocks include Longyuan Power and Fuyuan Co., while China General Nuclear Power is noted for its policy adjustments [5]

Market Performance - The A-share market experienced a nine-day rally, with the Shanghai Composite Index rising by 0.31% and the Shenzhen Component Index increasing by 0.03% [1] - The ChiNext Index fell by 0.32%, while the North China 50 Index rose by 0.11% [1] - The total trading volume in the Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Beijing markets reached 1.4078 trillion yuan, a decrease of 57.8 billion yuan compared to the previous day [1] - Over 3,400 stocks in the market declined [1] Sector Performance - Leading sectors included carbon fiber, diversified finance, brain-computer interfaces, non-ferrous metals, CPO, wind power equipment, commercial aerospace, and humanoid robots [1] - Underperforming sectors were food and beverage, retail, batteries, chemicals, and influenza [1] ETF Performance - The non-ferrous metal sector saw gains, with the Dachen Fund Non-Ferrous Metal ETF rising by 2.9% [1] - The oil and gas sector performed well, with the Penghua Fund Oil and Gas ETF and the Jingshun Great Wall Fund Oil and Gas ETF increasing by 2% and 1.92%, respectively [1] - The AI sector showed signs of recovery, with the Kexin AI ETF and the Kexin Artificial Intelligence ETF rising by 2% [1] - The commercial aerospace sector continued its upward trend, with the Satellite ETF from Yifangda increasing by 1.7% [1] Declining ETFs - High-premium Hong Kong stock ETFs saw significant declines, with the Hang Seng ETF for Hong Kong Stock Connect hitting the limit down and the Hong Kong Stock Connect 50 ETF dropping by 7% [1] - The latest premium/discount rates for these ETFs were 5% and 0.27%, respectively [1] - The Hong Kong innovative drug sector declined, with the Hang Seng Innovative Drug ETF falling by 2% and the Hong Kong Stock Connect Innovative Drug ETF decreasing by 1.7% [1] - Power stocks experienced a pullback, with the Green Power ETF and Power ETF both declining by 1.6% [1]

Core Viewpoint - The news highlights the significant achievements of the Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture in social stability, economic development, ethnic unity, cultural prosperity, and openness in recent years, under the theme "Industrial Prosperity and Stable Borders" [1][2] Group 1: Social Stability and Ethnic Unity - Kizilsu has focused on social stability and long-term peace, enhancing the sense of security among various ethnic groups through legal construction and conflict resolution initiatives [1] - The region has created 1,516 ethnic unity demonstration zones at the county level and above, promoting the awareness of a shared Chinese national identity [1] - Cultural initiatives, such as the "Manas" International Cultural Tourism Festival, have fostered cultural integration and development [1] Group 2: Economic Development - The region's GDP has increased from 6.277 billion yuan in 2012 to 25.666 billion yuan in 2024, reflecting a strong economic growth trajectory [2] - The total installed capacity of green electricity has grown 13.8 times since 2012, and the tourism economy continues to thrive [2] - Foreign trade has seen a 5.6 times increase from 2012 to 2024, with this year's import and export value reaching 170 billion yuan [2] Group 3: Improvement in Living Standards - The per capita disposable income of rural residents has increased 2.8 times since 2012, with over 50% of village collective economic incomes exceeding 1 million yuan [2] - Public services in education and healthcare have expanded, including the establishment of a vocational university and a comprehensive medical community [2] - The construction of earthquake-resistant housing and the improvement of services for the elderly and children have enhanced the overall sense of well-being among the population [2]