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重塑AI时代的搜索可见性与内容营销—2026年GEO生成式引擎优化行业研究报告
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-26 00:09
Core Insights - GEO is an emerging marketing optimization strategy based on the information cognition and answer output principles of LLM (Large Language Model), aimed at making brand or product information more accessible to generative AI engines [1] - The core goal of GEO is to build a trust relationship between brands and AI, facilitating the visibility and trustworthiness of brands and products [2] AI Industry Development Status - The Chinese AI industry has entered a phase of large-scale application centered around generative AI, evolving from an efficiency tool to a high-frequency information acquisition and decision-making entry point for users [3] AI Application Traffic Scale - Driven by ecological advantages and technological breakthroughs, the AI application user scale is expected to continue increasing, with a significant market expansion projected by 2025. However, there will be a notable internal differentiation, with some applications experiencing explosive growth while others stagnate or decline [5] Changes in User Search Behavior - There is a paradigm shift in search behavior from traditional "link-oriented" to "answer-oriented" searches, with over 40% of users shifting their focus from traditional search engines to AI searches [7] Importance of AI Ecosystem Marketing Strategy for Brands - Structural changes in traffic entry points and user search behavior necessitate a shift in brand marketing strategies, as AI searches become a core information entry point influencing consumer choices [9] Misconceptions about GEO - Many brands mistakenly interpret AI brand strategies through the lens of traditional search engines and performance advertising, focusing on short-term results rather than building trust with consumers [11] Technical Principles of AI Search Engines and GEO Optimization - GEO's principle involves constructing an information cognition and priority output system based on LLM, optimizing brand knowledge assets to align with generative AI's indexing and citation mechanisms [13] GEO Industry Development Trends and Market Size - As the AI industry develops, companies are shifting their GEO investments from experimental budgets to major marketing strategies, with the domestic GEO market expected to exceed 50 billion by 2030 [15] Industry Ecosystem - The industry ecosystem consists of upstream AI search platforms and corpus resource platforms providing foundational infrastructure, with GEO service providers at the core, supported by effect monitoring and independent teams [17] Content Engineering of GEO - GEO's content engineering focuses on semantic optimization to ensure accurate exposure and trust building for brands in the AI ecosystem, emphasizing the importance of content ownership [22] Implementation of GEO Content Optimization - The effectiveness of content distribution depends on its alignment with user semantic coordinates, requiring a focus on authoritative sources and user intent [24] Evaluation Metrics for GEO Optimization Effectiveness - Current evaluation metrics include visibility, content layer, technical layer, and business layer indicators, although attribution still faces technical challenges [25] Becoming an Indispensable Authority in AI - Future brand competition in the AI ecosystem will focus on understanding users better and providing value, necessitating a shift from visibility to the transmission of brand value and uniqueness [27] Future Development Trends of GEO Industry - The development of GEO is heavily reliant on the commercialization of the AI ecosystem and the strategies of AI platforms, with a focus on ecological drivers and compliance [29] Challenges in Standardization of GEO Industry - The rapid development of the GEO industry faces challenges from speculative behaviors and non-compliant operations, necessitating collaborative efforts for industry standardization [31] Case Studies - Various companies are leading the GEO service sector, employing unique strategies and technologies to enhance brand visibility and credibility in AI-generated content [35][37][42][44][47][49][52][53]
2026年中国GenAI+教育行业发展报告
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-25 00:08
Core Insights - The article emphasizes that 2025 will be a pivotal year for smart education in China, driven by advancements in Generative AI (GenAI) technologies, which are set to transform educational productivity and personalized learning experiences [1][7][10]. Group 1: GenAI's Role in Education - GenAI is identified as a foundational technology that will enable significant changes in teaching methods, research paradigms, and personalized education [1][2]. - The report introduces a 40/60 split, indicating that approximately 40% of educational tasks can be automated by technology, while 60% remains the domain of human educators, focusing on emotional engagement and complex problem-solving [2][5]. Group 2: Market Growth and Projections - The Chinese AI industry is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 32.1% from 2025 to 2029, potentially exceeding 1 trillion yuan by 2029 [7]. - The education sector is expected to see a significant increase in GenAI-related procurement, with estimates suggesting that by 2025, the total scale of GenAI products and services in education could reach 344.2 billion yuan, growing to 891 billion yuan by 2028 [18][19]. Group 3: GenAI Adoption in Educational Institutions - In schools, GenAI-related procurement is anticipated to account for 25%-35% of total purchases in higher education and 20%-30% in primary and secondary education by 2025 [10][12]. - The demand for GenAI technologies in educational institutions is expected to rise significantly, with a notable increase in projects focusing on smart teaching and campus management [21][24]. Group 4: User Engagement and Behavior - By the end of 2025, the user base for GenAI in education is projected to reach 602 million, marking a 141.7% increase from 2024, with a penetration rate of 42.8% among parents and adult learners [12][13]. - Parents are increasingly using GenAI applications to assist their children with homework, with 57.3% of parents reporting usage in tutoring scenarios [12][44]. Group 5: GenAI's Impact on Learning and Teaching - GenAI is reshaping the educational supply logic, with a total market size for C-end education projected at 1.3 trillion yuan in 2025, increasing to approximately 1.5 trillion yuan by 2028 [15][66]. - The technology is expected to enhance the efficiency of educational delivery, with GenAI products covering 15%-20% of adult education and 10%-15% of K12 education by 2025 [15][18]. Group 6: Regional Variations in GenAI Adoption - There are notable differences in GenAI adoption among different city tiers, with first-tier cities showing a more cautious yet open attitude towards AI tools, while new first-tier cities exhibit a more aggressive investment approach [60][66].
2025年中国早教行业白皮书
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-25 00:08
Core Insights - The early education industry is undergoing a transformation, with the market size adjusting to approximately 129.1 billion yuan due to demographic changes, presenting a "dumbbell-shaped" competitive landscape with low concentration, as leading brands hold less than 10% market share [1][7] - The core users of early education services are highly educated mothers in high-tier cities, with children primarily aged 0-3 years. Parents emphasize skill development and rely heavily on social media recommendations and offline trial experiences, with course content, brand reputation, and environment being the three main considerations [1][17] - Major challenges facing the industry include structural contradictions such as course homogenization, insufficient quality supply in lower-tier markets, and high teacher turnover rates. Additionally, declining birth rates have triggered price wars, squeezing profit margins [1][27] Industry Overview - The early education industry targets children aged 0-6 years and their parents, focusing on developing foundational skills and providing scientific parenting guidance through various service models [3] - The industry is currently in a transition phase driven by policy changes, demographic demands, and technological advancements [5] Market Structure and Trends - The market size is expected to decrease from 192.1 billion yuan in 2021 to 129.1 billion yuan by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate of approximately -9.5% due to the pandemic, declining birth rates, and the development of inclusive childcare services [7] - The competitive landscape is characterized by a low concentration of brands, with the top national chains holding only 5%-10% market share [7][9] User Demographics - The primary demographic for early education services consists of married women aged 31-35, with over 70% having only one child, primarily in the 0-3 age range [18] - Families with a monthly income exceeding 10,000 yuan and 80% holding a bachelor's degree reflect a high educational background, aligning with the demand for scientific parenting [18] Course and Service Development - Early education courses are evolving from traditional subjects to more functional and scenario-based offerings, addressing specific parenting pain points such as adaptation to school, sensory development, and language acquisition [31] - The service model is shifting from a focus on teaching to providing comprehensive parenting solutions, integrating home-school collaboration and expanding into related service areas [33] Competitive Landscape - Leading brands are focusing on professional, age-specific courses and diverse extracurricular activities to extend user lifecycles [9][12] - The competition is expected to accelerate towards concentration and branding, driven by stricter regulations and increased compliance costs [2][37] Technology Integration - The integration of AI technology is anticipated to reshape the educational ecosystem, enhancing interactivity and emotional connections for children [43] Recommendations for Stakeholders - For small institutions: Focus on course differentiation, service ecosystem development, standardization of teaching staff, and refined operations to build brand competitiveness [45] - For parents: Understand the characteristics of early education, prioritize course content, environment, and brand reputation, and collaborate with educational institutions to support child development [46] - For investors: Pay attention to brands with strong market presence and advanced operational models while being mindful of cash flow risks and trends in AI application within the industry [47]
重塑AI时代的搜索可见性与内容营销—2026年GEO生成式引擎优化行业研究报告
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-24 00:04
Core Insights - GEO is an emerging marketing optimization strategy based on the information cognition and answer output principles of LLM (Large Language Model), aimed at making brand or product information more accessible to generative AI engines [1] - The core goal of GEO is to build a trust relationship between brands and AI, facilitating the visibility and trustworthiness of brands and products [2] AI Industry Development Status - The Chinese AI industry has entered a phase of large-scale application centered around generative AI, evolving from an efficiency tool to a high-frequency information acquisition and decision-making entry point for users [3] AI Application Traffic Scale - Driven by ecological advantages and technological breakthroughs, the AI application user scale is expected to continue increasing, with a significant market expansion projected by 2025. However, there will be a notable internal differentiation, with some applications experiencing explosive growth while others stagnate or decline [5] Changes in User Search Behavior - There is a paradigm shift in search behavior from traditional "link-oriented" to "answer-oriented" searches, with over 40% of users shifting their focus from traditional search engines to AI searches [7] Importance of AI Ecosystem Marketing Strategy for Brands - Structural changes in traffic entry points and user search behavior necessitate a shift in brand marketing strategies, as AI searches become a core information entry point influencing consumer choices [9] Misconceptions about GEO - Many brands mistakenly apply traditional search engine and performance advertising thinking to AI brand strategies, focusing on short-term results rather than building trust with consumers [11] Technical Principles of AI Search Engines and GEO Optimization - GEO's principle involves constructing an information cognition and priority output system based on LLM, optimizing brand knowledge assets to align with generative AI's indexing and citation mechanisms [13] Industry Development Trends and Market Size - As the AI industry evolves, GEO investments are shifting from experimental budgets to major marketing strategies, with the domestic GEO market expected to exceed 50 billion by 2030 [15] Industry Ecosystem - The industry ecosystem consists of upstream AI search platforms and corpus resource platforms, with GEO service providers at the core, supported by effect monitoring and independent teams [17] Content Engineering of GEO - GEO's content engineering focuses on semantic optimization to ensure accurate exposure and trust-building for brands in the AI ecosystem [22] Implementation of GEO Content Optimization - The recommendation of content depends on its proximity to user semantic coordinates, with strategies including authority optimization and structured content [24] Evaluation Metrics for GEO Optimization Effectiveness - Current evaluation metrics include visibility, content layer, technical layer, and business layer indicators, although attribution still faces technical challenges [25] Becoming an Indispensable Authority in AI - Future brand competition in the AI ecosystem will focus on understanding users better and providing value, with a need for brands to optimize their GEO strategies to solidify market positions [27] Future Development Trends of GEO Industry - The development of GEO is heavily reliant on the commercialization of the AI ecosystem and the strategies of AI platforms, following ecological-driven and compliance characteristics [29] Challenges in Standardization of GEO Industry - The GEO industry faces challenges related to non-compliant operations, requiring collaboration among platforms, brands, and GEO service providers to promote standardization [31] Case Studies - Various companies are leading the GEO service sector, employing unique strategies and technologies to enhance brand visibility and credibility in AI-generated content [35][37][42][44][47][49][52][53]
2025年中国眼镜行业白皮书
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-24 00:04
Overall Overview - The retail market size of China's eyewear industry is projected to reach approximately 93.3 billion yuan in 2024, with lenses accounting for about 40.9 billion yuan, representing 44% of the overall eyewear market. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for the lens retail market from 2019 to 2029 is estimated to be around 6% to 8% [1][6] - The competitive landscape of the industry features a dual structure of "international leaders + domestic functional brands," with companies like Essilor and Carl Zeiss maintaining advantages in high-end and brand influence, while domestic brands such as Huiding Optical and Mingyue Lenses are rapidly catching up in terms of shipment volume and niche markets [1] Transparent Lens Market - The industry is evolving from "single refractive compensation" to "comprehensive vision management," driven by vision needs across multiple age groups, forming a "four-in-one" full-cycle solution [2] - In the 6-18 age group, myopia prevention is transitioning from defocus lens technology to multi-modal precise control axis technology, with a clear shift in the fitting channel structure from "retail-led" to "professional service-led" [2] - Domestic brand Huiding Optical has achieved mass production of free-form curved lenses, utilizing a domestically pioneered dual-sided free-form manufacturing process to optimize thousands of free parameters at the micrometer level, significantly reducing oblique aberrations and effectively eliminating peripheral distortion [2] - For individuals aged 35 and above, the demand for presbyopia is evolving from "seeing clearly" to "seeing well and comfortably," with progressive lenses becoming the mainstream solution, although some consumers remain hesitant due to concerns about adaptability and effectiveness [2] Lens Market Size - The retail market size for lenses in China is expected to be around 40.9 billion yuan in 2024, accounting for approximately 44% of the overall eyewear market. The CAGR for the lens retail market from 2019 to 2024 is about 6.1%, with projections indicating a market size of 58.5 billion yuan by 2029 [10] Competitive Landscape of Lens Market - The lens market is characterized by a "foreign dominance + domestic rise" structure, with Essilor holding approximately 30.9% market share, followed by Carl Zeiss at 23.9%. Together, these two international brands dominate over half of the high-end market [13] - In terms of shipment volume, Essilor leads with a 17.1% share, while domestic brand Mingyue Lenses holds 12.0%, followed closely by Huiding Optical and Hongchen Optical [16] Consumer Market Insights - A significant portion of consumers (approximately 95%) face vision health issues, with a tendency towards passive responses rather than proactive prevention. This indicates a need for greater awareness and education regarding eye health [18] - The demand is shifting from basic visual clarity to a comprehensive pursuit of visual quality and management solutions, particularly among the light to moderate myopia demographic [18] Trends and Future Outlook - The eyewear market is experiencing a shift from basic refractive compensation to comprehensive eye health management, driven by consumer awareness and demand for integrated solutions [48] - The integration of optical experiences with smart eyewear is anticipated to be a key competitive factor in the future, with traditional lenses serving as a foundational element for widespread adoption [50]
2025年宠物科技用品发展研究白皮书
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-23 00:07
Core Insights - The global "pet economy" is rapidly growing, with China's pet market transitioning from "basic care" to "quality care," driven by pet tech products that are becoming increasingly "smart, healthy, and personalized" [1][5][60] - By 2024, the Chinese pet market is expected to reach 345.3 billion yuan, with the smart pet products market surpassing 10.2 billion yuan, accounting for 20% of the pet products market [1][13] - The demand for pet technology is fueled by a younger, emotionally-driven pet owner demographic, with an average annual spending of 4,440 yuan on pets, of which 50.8% is allocated to smart products [1][17] Market Dynamics - The competitive landscape is characterized by diverse participation, with room for increased concentration among leading brands [2][11] - The trend of "AI + full scene" is emerging, with devices evolving from single-function to multi-modal interactions, such as smart trackers and AI health analysis feeders [2][60] - The market for smart pet products is expected to see explosive growth, particularly in first-tier cities where penetration rates exceed 35% [11][13] Consumer Behavior - Pet owners are primarily young adults aged 24-34, predominantly female, with a strong preference for practical and professional content when seeking pet information [21][22] - The average pet owner spends 4,440 yuan annually, with a significant portion dedicated to smart pet products [17][34] - Common pain points include issues with pet hair and odors (42.5%) and concerns about pet care when owners are away (38.4%) [31][48] Product Trends - Popular smart pet products include automatic water dispensers and feeders, which meet basic dietary needs, and pet vacuum cleaners for cleaning pet hair [37][70] - Consumers prioritize practicality and cost-effectiveness in pet tech products, with a focus on ease of use and technological features [39][41] - There is a high willingness to purchase pet-friendly home appliances, such as vacuum cleaners and air purifiers, indicating a strong demand for products that enhance the living environment for both pets and owners [58] Future Expectations - The future of pet tech is expected to focus on adaptive devices, understanding pet behavior, and multi-device connectivity, with a significant interest in features that enhance emotional interaction and care [55][62] - AI companionship robots are projected to be a key growth area by 2025, leveraging advanced technologies for emotional engagement [62] - The integration of smart health management and personalized feeding solutions is anticipated to reshape the pet care landscape [64][67]
互联网平台热搜价值研究报告
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-23 00:07
Core Insights - The article analyzes the evolution, social impact, and future trends of the hot search ecosystem in China's internet industry, highlighting its role as a primary source for users to access trending content [1][3]. Group 1: Evolution of Hot Search - The hot search list has developed over 15 years, evolving from its inception in 2009 with platforms like Weibo to a mature ecosystem by 2025, reflecting public interests and behaviors [6][9]. - The regulatory landscape is changing, with the Cyberspace Administration of China introducing stricter guidelines to prevent excessive entertainment and promote responsible content management [6][9]. Group 2: Mechanism and Product Types - Hot search products are shaped by user behavior, algorithm models, and platform interventions, resulting in diverse forms that cater to different user needs [8][9]. - Major platforms like Weibo, Douyin, and Toutiao have distinct characteristics in their hot search mechanisms, with Weibo focusing on public discourse, Douyin on entertainment, and Toutiao on information aggregation [17][18]. Group 3: User Engagement and Demand - Hot search lists are the primary means for users to discover trending topics, breaking personal information bubbles and providing a broader information channel [12][13]. - Over 40% of users still turn to Weibo for hot search updates, indicating its sustained relevance as a leading platform for trending news [15]. Group 4: Content Types and Characteristics - In 2025, the average number of hot searches per month across major platforms is around 50,000, categorized into seven main types, including political news, social issues, and entertainment [25][26]. - Hot search content serves as a reflection of public sentiment and social concerns, often amplifying issues of public interest and facilitating social discourse [23][29]. Group 5: AI and Future Trends - AI is becoming a core component of hot search systems, enhancing the ability to sense, understand, and predict trends, thus reshaping user experiences [63][66]. - The future of hot search will involve a layered mechanism to better meet diverse user needs and ensure sustainable platform operations [66][68].
权威发布:愉博士 x 艾瑞咨询《2026年女性私密健康白皮书》——共启行业新十年
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-22 00:06
Core Insights - The article emphasizes the dual benefits of policy support and rising demand in the Chinese women's intimate health industry, driven by the implementation of the "Outline for Women's Development (2021-2030)" [1] - It highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of women's intimate health across different life stages, advocating for a holistic approach to health management [4][10] Research Content - The report introduces a new PMBRF model for women's intimate health, focusing on five dimensions: physical, mental, behavioral, relational, and emotional health across various life stages [4][6] - It analyzes the current state of the women's intimate health industry, noting a shift towards quality improvement and regulatory compliance, driven by policy guidance and consumer demand [7][10] - Insights from a survey of 1,600 women reveal their lifestyle, relationship dynamics, and expectations for intimate health products and services, providing valuable market direction [2][3] Industry Development Dynamics - The market is experiencing significant changes due to policy milestones, such as the inclusion of the HPV vaccine in the national immunization program, enhancing public health strategies for women's health [7] - The demand for women's health topics is rising, with search indices on platforms like Douyin showing a 55.3% year-on-year increase, indicating a growing consumer awareness [7] Consumer Insights - Women report a high overall satisfaction with their lives (8.2 out of 10), yet 73.2% still experience discomfort, primarily due to societal pressures [18] - The majority of women (50.4%) prioritize self-care as their primary responsibility, with significant regional and life stage differences in perceptions of responsibility [21][24] Market Trends - The women's intimate health market is transitioning towards a more mature ecosystem, with a focus on safety, efficacy, and privacy in product offerings [10][49] - The demand for daily care and psychological support in intimate health products is prominent, with 58.5% of women prioritizing preventive care [59] User Experience and Satisfaction - High satisfaction rates (85.4%) for intimate health products and services indicate strong consumer approval, with many users reporting improvements in both physical and emotional well-being [57] - The recognition of the importance of safety and compliance in product offerings is critical, with 56.0% of women prioritizing these factors in their purchasing decisions [49][52] Future Outlook - The women's intimate health industry is poised for significant growth, transitioning from initial exploration to a more structured and rational market phase, driven by generational shifts in consumer behavior [65] - Companies are encouraged to leverage technology and cross-industry collaborations to strengthen their market position and meet evolving consumer needs [65][67]
2026年第11周:服饰行业周度市场观察
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-22 00:06
Industry Environment - The "duffle coat" has made a comeback in the 2026 autumn/winter fashion scene, representing diverse styles and being reinterpreted by various brands through deconstruction and material innovation [3] - Heavy boots are trending again this winter, with Timberland maintaining its status as a versatile choice through collaborations with high-end brands and a focus on street culture [4] Leading Brand Dynamics - The high-end domestic lingerie brand "Aimer" has initiated a brand renewal, introducing the "fashionable innerwear" concept and launching the "cover bra" product, targeting urban women aged 30-40 [5] - The British streetwear brand PALACE has opened its first store in Hong Kong, marking its entry into the Chinese market and emphasizing cultural integration [7] - GUCCI is set to elevate the classic "bit" element in its 2026 spring/summer collection, transforming it into a core design language across various product categories [8] - Vuori has launched the new high-performance shorts, HardKore, designed for high-intensity training, featuring advanced materials and design elements [9]
2026年中国眼镜消费趋势白皮书:“全域美学”驱动眼镜行业价值革新
艾瑞咨询· 2026-03-21 00:06
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving landscape of the eyewear industry, emphasizing the shift from basic functionality to a comprehensive aesthetic experience termed "All-Domain Aesthetics," which integrates product, technology, function, and service dimensions [1][18]. Group 1: New Paradigm - The "All-Domain Aesthetics" framework can be deconstructed into four dimensions: product, technology, function, and service, exemplified by BOLON eyewear's integration of titanium frame advantages with innovative design [1][2]. - BOLON eyewear has established a supply chain ecosystem that supports rapid delivery and exceptional experience, ensuring high-quality products and reliable solutions in areas like myopia prevention [2]. Group 2: Future Trends - The eyewear industry is witnessing three core trends: a shift from basic functionality to product value, where eyewear is seen not just as a corrective tool but as a means of personal expression and confidence [3][4]. - 89.1% of consumers have vision correction needs, but their perspectives are changing; only 62.5% view eyewear as a medical tool, while 52.3% see it as essential for confidence and 44.2% as a symbol of personal taste [3][4]. Group 3: Experience Upgrade - Eyewear consumption is transitioning from a function-driven market to one driven by experience upgrades, with nearly 75% of users having a defined replacement cycle of 13-14 months, faster than the industry average [6]. - The reasons for purchasing or replacing eyewear include damage (39.6%) and prescription changes (37.2%), but there is a growing trend of proactive upgrades based on innovation and aesthetic needs [6]. Group 4: Aesthetic Demand - The demand for "product aesthetics" is increasingly significant, with over 50% of consumers viewing eyewear as essential for enhancing confidence and 44.2% as a marker of personal taste [10]. - 34.5% of consumers prioritize fashion and aesthetics in their purchasing decisions, with 47.1% willing to pay a premium for lighter, more durable materials [10]. Group 5: Technological Aesthetics - The focus of eyewear consumers is shifting from precise prescription to comfortable wear, with 48.2% prioritizing comfort over clarity [12]. - This shift indicates a demand for eyewear that provides a comprehensive experience, including features like blue light protection and lightweight materials [12]. Group 6: Functional Aesthetics - Over 40% of surveyed users own multiple pairs of eyewear to meet diverse lifestyle needs, indicating a shift from single-use tools to multifunctional equipment [14]. - The key drivers for purchasing additional eyewear include meeting specific usage scenarios and eye protection [14]. Group 7: Service Aesthetics - The focus of eyewear consumption is moving from one-time transactions to long-term relationships, with 84.1% of users valuing professional, non-pushy shopping experiences [16]. - A significant portion of users has experienced integrated lens and frame customization services, highlighting the importance of comprehensive service coverage [16]. Group 8: Supply Chain Ecosystem - The supply chain ecosystem for "All-Domain Aesthetics" requires four core capabilities: continuous research and innovation, smart manufacturing with quality control, agile collaboration and response, and sustainable development [40][43]. - BOLON eyewear exemplifies this ecosystem by creating a consumer-centric supply chain that integrates all aspects of the eyewear experience [43]. Group 9: Industry Trends - The eyewear industry is focusing on four areas: consumption, competition, service, and technology, reflecting a trend towards fashionable quality, smart technology, and enhanced service experiences [45]. - The industry is experiencing a transformation from parameter-based competition to deep experience competition, emphasizing user-centered design and comfort [49].