日本央行称，经济已温和复苏，尽管仍存在一些疲软迹象。工资和通胀很可能继续温和同步上升。 将从可持续、稳定实现2%通胀目标的角度出发，适时实施货币政策。即使在利率变动后，货币环境依 然宽松，支持经济。 政策声明全文 货币市场操作指引变化 SHMET 网讯：周五，日本央行将基准利率从0.5%上调至0.75%，符合市场预期。利率水平创30年 来新高，这也是2025年1月以后，日本央行11个月来再次进行加息。日本央行一致通过政策决议。 根据声明，日本央行预计实际利率将维持在显著低位，"即使在加息之后，实际利率仍处于深度负 值区间"。若经济和物价走势与预测一致，并随着经济和物价的改善，将继续上调政策利率。 在今日召开的货币政策会议上，日本央行政策委员会以全票通过，决定将会议间隔期的货币市场操 作指引设定如下： 日本央行将引导无担保隔夜拆借利率维持在约0.75%的水平。 根据货币市场操作指引的调整，日本央行以全票通过，决定调整其相关措施所适用的利率。 （1）补充性存款便利适用利率 补充性存款便利适用的利率（即金融机构在日本央行持有的往来账户余额中，扣除法定准备金后的 部分所适用的利率）为0.75%。 （2）基本贷款利率 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Currently, it's hard to say that the bond market has returned to fundamental pricing. Policy expectations, asset price - to - ratio, and institutional behavior are still the main influencing factors. In 2026, the influence of fundamentals on bond market pricing is expected to increase [1][22]. - After the content of the Central Economic Work Conference is clear, the bond market within the year will revolve around institutional behavior and the equity market. The bond market is expected to be mainly volatile, with a high probability of a steeper yield curve. Ultra - long bonds will still have high volatility, and it's not advisable to overly expect an end - of - year rush - to - buy market [1][22][24]. - One can moderately grasp the spread between China Development Bank bonds and Treasury bonds with a maturity of 7 years or less, as well as the term spread of 5Y - 3Y Treasury bonds [1][24]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Important Event Reviews 3.1.1 Financial Data - As of the end of November 2025, the year - on - year growth rate of the stock of social financing scale was 8.5%. In the first eleven months, RMB loans increased by 15.36 trillion yuan, and the balance of M2 at the end of November increased by 8% year - on - year. In November, social financing increased year - on - year, with an increase in corporate bond financing scale. However, government bond financing and on - balance - sheet credit financing were still drag factors. RMB loans decreased year - on - year in November. In terms of structure, short - term corporate loans improved, while medium - and long - term corporate loans still decreased year - on - year, and the bill financing impulse was obvious. The household sector continued to de - leverage. The year - on - year growth rates of M1 and M2 both declined in November [7]. - Looking ahead, policy - based financial instruments are expected to boost credit, but the high base of government bond financing remains a drag. The year - on - year growth rate of the social financing stock may decline slightly, and the progress of household deposit transfer is still worthy of attention [7]. 3.1.2 Economic Data - In November 2025, the year - on - year growth rate of the added value of industries above the designated size was 4.8%, the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of fixed - asset investment was - 2.6%, and the year - on - year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods was 1.3%. Domestic demand continued to be weak, and effective demand still needed to be boosted. In terms of production, the year - on - year growth rate of industrial added value slowed down slightly in November. In terms of investment, the decline in the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of fixed - asset investment further expanded in November. In terms of consumption, the year - on - year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods slowed down in November, while the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of service consumption increased slightly [8][9]. - Looking ahead, it is expected that the "anti - involution" and a slight weakening of exports will restrict production in December. The growth rate of industrial production in 2025 is expected to be about 5.8%, the growth rate of manufacturing investment is expected to be about 2.0%, the infrastructure investment is expected to show a recovery trend with a growth rate of about 1.0% in 2025, and the growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods in 2025 is expected to be around 3.7% [9]. 3.1.3 Fiscal Data - From January to November 2025, the national general public budget revenue increased by 0.8% year - on - year, and the expenditure increased by 1.4% year - on - year; the national government - funded budget revenue decreased by 4.9% year - on - year, and the expenditure increased by 13.7% year - on - year. In terms of public finance revenue, the year - on - year increase in tax revenue was slightly expanded. In terms of public finance expenditure, the year - on - year growth rate of expenditure declined, mainly due to the earlier expenditure rhythm this year. In terms of the expenditure structure, the three focuses of public finance expenditure from January to November were people's livelihood, science and technology, and green, and efforts were further increased in the science and technology field in November. In terms of government - funded revenue and expenditure, the revenue side was still dragged down by the land market [10]. - Looking ahead to 2026, the Central Economic Work Conference continued to describe fiscal policy as "more proactive", emphasizing the guarantee of necessary expenditures. In terms of rhythm, it will "actively act ahead" and "reasonably speed up the allocation and disbursement of funds". In terms of structure, attention can be paid to strengthening the financial guarantee for major national strategies, accelerating debt resolution, and tax system reform [10]. 3.2 Funding Prices: Central Bank's Injection of Cross - Year Funds - During the period from December 12th to December 18th, the central bank's net injection of funds in the open market was 134 billion yuan. The central bank over - renewed 200 billion yuan of 6 - month repurchase agreements and conducted 100 billion yuan of 14 - day reverse repurchase operations to support the cross - year funding situation. On December 18th, DR014 and R014 increased by 10bp and 6bp respectively, while DR001 and DR007 remained stable. The yield of inter - bank certificates of deposit declined slightly, which is in line with the seasonal characteristic of the decline in CD yields at the end of the year [11][12]. 3.3 Primary Market: Decrease in Supply Scale - From December 12th to December 18th, a total of 46 interest - rate bonds were issued in the primary market. There was no end - of - year surge in the issuance of special bonds. Since December, the issuance frequency of the China Development Bank and the Export - Import Bank of China has also decreased, and the supply pressure of interest - rate bonds is limited [14]. 3.4 Secondary Market: Steeper Yield Curve - During the period from December 12th to December 18th, the yields of Treasury bonds with different maturities showed differentiation. The yields of medium - and short - term Treasury bonds mostly declined, while the yields of ultra - long - term Treasury bonds increased slightly, showing a steeper yield curve. The decline in medium - and short - term interest rates may be related to the loose funding situation. The winning bid rate of the 14 - day reverse repurchase operation may have decreased compared with that in September, driving up the short - term bullish sentiment. The long - term interest rate has a strong gaming sentiment, with a larger single - day fluctuation range. The 10 - year Treasury bond yield has a psychological support level of 1.85%, while the 30 - year Treasury bond yield has less upward resistance and greater fluctuation [16]. 3.5 Market Outlook 3.5.1 Fundamental Aspect It's difficult to say that the bond market has returned to fundamental pricing currently. Policy expectations, asset price - to - ratio, and institutional behavior are still the main influencing factors. In 2026, the influence of fundamentals on bond market pricing is expected to increase, and price signals are the key [1][22]. 3.5.2 Policy Aspect - In 2026, fiscal policy will "actively act ahead" and "reasonably speed up the allocation and disbursement of funds", with a similar rhythm to 2025. In terms of expenditure structure, it will "strengthen the financial guarantee for major national strategies and promote more funds and resources to be invested in people", and supporting people's livelihood remains an important direction [1][22]. - Monetary policy emphasizes "striving to achieve economic growth and price recovery" and supplements the original statement of "matching the growth of social financing scale and money supply with economic growth and price level expectations". Reserve requirement ratio cuts, interest rate cuts, and liquidity injection tools of various maturities will be used flexibly [1][22]. 3.5.3 Funding Aspect As the cross - year period approaches, funding prices may rise slightly, but with the central bank's open - market operations, the possibility of a significant tightening of funds is limited [1][22].

当地时间12月18日，欧洲央行和英国央行同步宣布利率决议：英国央行宣布下调关键利率，欧洲央行则选择按兵不动。 这一政策分化不仅反映出英欧经济基本面的差异，也释放出一个重要信号——在经历了持续数年的高通胀冲击后，欧洲大陆整体正逐步进入一个借贷成本 趋于稳定的新阶段。 英央行：去年以来第六次降息 具体来看，英国央行将基准利率从4%下调至3.75%，这是2024年8月以来的第六次降息，也是英国自2023年2月以来的最低基准利率。 英国央行在声明中指出，未来几个月借贷成本仍有可能继续下降，但当前利率水平已接近本轮周期的低点。 英国央行行长安德鲁·贝利（Andrew Bailey）在新闻发布会上表示："我们仍然认为利率正沿着一条逐步下行的路径前进，但在每一次降息之后，我们还能 走多远，都会变得更加难以抉择。" 来源：英国央行官网 此次降息是在一次高度胶着的投票中作出的。英国货币政策委员会（MPC）9名成员中，有4人主张将关键利率维持4%不变。贝利在其中扮演了关键的"摇 摆票"角色，他在11月曾支持维持利率不变，而在本次会议上转而支持降息。 从政策逻辑来看，英国央行当前面临的处境与美联储颇为相似：一方面，通胀水平仍高于官 ...

就通胀而言，日本核心CPI通胀持续温和上升，工资上涨转嫁给销售价格的举措仍在继续；就工资而言，继今年的强劲工资增长之后，企业很有可能在明 年继续稳步提高工资。 因此，日本央行从实现2%价格稳定目标的可持续性和稳定性的角度调整货币政策的力度，上调基准利率。 日本总务省19日公布的报告显示，今年11月日本剔除生鲜食品后的核心消费价格指数(CPI)同比上升3.0%，连续51个月同比上升，而且连续44个月保持或 高于日本央行2%的目标。由于日本首相高市早苗坚持积极财政政策加剧日元贬值，此间媒体和专家忧虑其政策将进一步刺激日本物价上涨。 日本央行强调，如果《2025年10月展望报告》中呈现的前景得以实现，该银行将根据经济活动和物价的改善，继续提高政策利率并调整货币政策的宽松程 度。 利率决定公布后，日元兑美元延续跌势，一度跌至156.16，表明加息预期已被市场充分消化。日本10年期国债收益率触及2%，为2006年以来最高水平。 日经225指数进一步走高，收盘上涨1%。 植田和男：仍有可能继续加息 12月19日，日本央行宣布将基准利率上调25个基点至0.75%，创下30年来最高水平。市场预计，在通胀持续上涨背景下，日本央 ...

Market Liquidity Review - In November, the People's Bank of China (PBOC) announced a moderately accommodative monetary policy to maintain liquidity and support credit growth, with a total of 10 trillion yuan in Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF) operations and 15 trillion yuan in reverse repos conducted during the month [2][3] - The overall liquidity in November was tight but balanced, influenced by short-term factors such as tax payments and increased government bond supply, yet the PBOC's actions helped stabilize liquidity [9] Bond Market Review Overall Situation - The bond market indices showed a mixed performance in November, with government bonds under pressure due to liquidity concerns and weakened expectations for short-term easing, while credit bonds performed relatively better [10] Government and Policy Bonds - The yields on government bonds increased across various maturities, with the 1-year to 10-year yields rising by 2 to 6 basis points, reflecting reduced expectations for interest rate cuts [12][14] Short-term Notes - The yields on short-term notes generally increased, influenced by liquidity pressures and credit risk events in the real estate sector [17] Credit Bonds - The average yield for AAA-rated corporate bonds rose by 5 basis points to 1.95%, while AA+ rated bonds increased by 2 basis points to 2.01%, indicating a slight tightening of credit spreads [21] Equity Market Review - In November, major stock indices experienced a decline, with the Shanghai Composite Index down by 1.67% and the Shenzhen Component Index down by 2.95%, reflecting a market correction after earlier gains [26][27] - The market showed significant sector performance divergence, with defensive sectors performing better compared to growth sectors, which faced profit-taking [28][36] - The valuation of major indices generally declined, with the ChiNext index experiencing a notable drop in valuation [33] Asset Allocation Recommendations Fixed Income Market - The fixed income market is expected to remain stable, with the PBOC's accommodative stance likely to support liquidity, while the economic recovery process needs further consolidation [44][45] Equity Market - The A-share market is anticipated to continue its structural trends, with potential for recovery in defensive sectors and technology growth stocks, depending on policy signals and liquidity improvements [46][70] Fund Issuance Trends - In November, the number of newly issued funds increased to 136, reflecting a recovery in issuance driven by the end of holiday effects and interest in defensive sectors [47][48] - The net asset value of funds decreased by 236 billion yuan month-on-month, with stock funds showing a year-on-year increase despite a decline in recent months [48] Fund Performance - Most fund types experienced declines in November, with commodity funds performing relatively well due to rising gold prices, while equity funds faced significant losses amid market corrections [54][65]

Core Insights - Emerging markets are expected to deliver double-digit returns in 2025, despite global uncertainties, as investors anticipate a repeat of this year's performance [1] - The combination of sound policies and favorable conditions has contributed to the stability of emerging market assets amid geopolitical tensions [1] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The return of former President Trump has created market volatility, yet his erratic trade policies have made emerging markets appear more stable [2] - Investors are diversifying their portfolios beyond the U.S., seeking global diversification due to years of capital outflows from emerging markets [2] - Significant changes in the fundamentals of emerging markets have occurred, with countries like Turkey, Nigeria, and Egypt implementing reforms that have led to improved economic conditions [2] Group 2: Credit Ratings and Resilience - Emerging markets have shown resilience, with a second consecutive year of net credit rating upgrades, indicating improving fundamentals [3] - Emerging market central banks have demonstrated independence and sound policy-making, enhancing their credibility compared to the U.S. Federal Reserve [3] - The cautious monetary policies in emerging markets have led to strong performance of local currency bonds, with returns around 18% this year [3] Group 3: Opportunities Amid Uncertainty - Political uncertainties in countries like Hungary, Brazil, and Colombia may present opportunities for investors, as potential policy changes could create market movements [4] - Despite risks from the U.S. economy, emerging markets are less sensitive to U.S. economic fluctuations than in the past [7] - A recent survey indicates that pessimism towards emerging markets has vanished, with net sentiment reaching historical highs [7]

Group 1: US Economic Indicators - October non-farm payroll data showed a significant reduction in government employment, resulting in negative growth[1] - November data indicated minimal job growth, with a potential overestimation of 60,000 jobs per month as suggested by Powell[1] - Unemployment rate increased slightly in November, reaching the upper level of the Fed's forecast, amid rising labor participation[1] Group 2: Inflation and Monetary Policy - November inflation data fell below expectations, but its accuracy is questioned due to data collection issues[1] - Despite calls for significant rate cuts from the White House, expectations for a rate cut in January appear hesitant[1] - The European Central Bank maintained its policy rate, adjusting economic growth forecasts for 2026 while indicating slow inflation decline due to service sector stickiness[1] Group 3: Domestic Economic Conditions - November's economic fundamentals showed a preference for new productive investments and service consumption, with a divergence between stable supply and weak demand[3] - Weak credit data indicated a stagnant real estate cycle and reduced consumer loans due to subsidy cuts[3] - Fiscal policy is expected to slightly strengthen in December, with a focus on maintaining low financing costs[3] Group 4: Commodity Prices - Downstream real estate transactions showed a slight recovery, while agricultural wholesale prices increased[3] - Midstream steel and cement prices have rebounded, while upstream coal and coke prices are rising, with mixed trends in non-ferrous metal prices[3]

由此可见，近期日元的走软只是暂时的，日元未来大概率会重新走强，而日本股市也会迎来一波上涨行 情。 不过，日本资本市场的繁荣并不意味着日本经济的健康发展，笔者认为这反而会使得日本经济外强中干 的问题更加严重。 JerryZang 免责声明：本文内容及观点仅供参考，不构成任何投资建议。投资者据此操作，风险自担。一切有关市 场的准确信息，请以相关官方公告为准。市场有风险，投资需谨慎。 据媒体报道，12月19日日本央行在举行例行的货币政策会议后宣布，加息25个基点，将日本基准利率调 升至0.75%，这是近30年来的高点。 在会议后的记者招待会上，日本央行行长植田和男称，从整体通胀角度来看，日本经济已经处于通胀状 态。在被问及日本央行未来是否还会继续加息时，植田和男称，如果工资上涨继续向物价传导，加息确 实有可能。 近期，日元持续走软，日本经济的通货膨胀也不断攀升。在这样的背景下，日本央行做出加息的决定就 顺理成章。实际上，有些机构认为日本央行的加息举措滞后于市场。 正如笔者在先前文章中阐述的，日本央行的货币政策在相当程度上是在配合美联储的货币政策。当美联 储持续降息之时，日本央行却在不断加息，这实际上是在为有可能流出 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - Gold: ★☆☆ (indicating a bullish bias but with limited operability in the market) [1] - Silver: ★☆☆ (indicating a bullish bias but with limited operability in the market) [1] Report's Core View - This week, US non - farm data verified the economic cooling trajectory. Fed Governor Farrer said monetary policy is in a restrictive range with room for rate cuts, and the employment market suggests the Fed should continue to cut rates, with the interest rate 50 to 100 basis points higher than the neutral rate. Gold has been blocked at record highs in recent days and pulled back. Attention should be paid to whether it can break through and refresh the record high. If the breakthrough is confirmed, the strong performance of precious metals is expected to continue. Tonight, focus on US GPI data and weekly initial jobless claims [1]. - The continuous rally of platinum and palladium on the GZEX, the shift of funds in the precious metals sector, and the prospects of large - scale hydrogen energy application during the "14th Five - Year Plan" period have brought higher premiums to platinum and palladium. With active trading, the market is pricing in the expected supply gap on the fundamental side. Due to the brittle supply and small market size, platinum and palladium are good long - allocation varieties. However, due to the large short - term increase, beware of the short - term multi - killing - multi market caused by funds leaving at high levels. Adopt the idea of long - allocation on pullbacks in the medium term [2]. Other Summaries - The US media reported that if Putin refuses the Russia - Ukraine peace agreement, the US will impose new sanctions on Russia's "shadow fleet", and the White House responded that there is no new decision for now [2]. - The US media reported that the US and Russia will hold talks on the Russia - Ukraine conflict in Miami this weekend [2]. - A joint Fed survey shows that tariffs continue to trouble enterprises, and they expect prices to rise by 4% next year [2]. - According to US media, the Trump administration's recent move to block oil tankers off the Venezuelan coast is the latest manifestation of its "gradual pressure" strategy against Venezuelan President Maduro, aiming to oust Maduro through continuous isolation and squeezing rather than immediate large - scale domestic actions [2].

新华社东京12月19日电(记者刘春燕)日本央行19日在结束为期两天的货币政策会议后决定，将政策利率 从0.5%上调至0.75%水平。日本政策利率由此达到30年来最高水平。 ...