Group 1 - The bond market experienced fluctuations in December, with weak performance particularly in the ultra-long end, and the year-end allocation market has not yet emerged [1] - As of December 24, the 10-year and 30-year government bond yields were reported at 1.8370% and 2.22%, respectively, reflecting increases of 0.8 and 4 basis points since the end of November [1] - The yield spread between the 30-year and 10-year government bonds has generally trended upward since September 2024, with significant fluctuations observed [1][2] Group 2 - The relationship between yield spreads and economic cycles indicates that a strengthening economic outlook and monetary easing can support the recovery of yield spreads [2] - The demand for ultra-long government bonds has changed, with a weakening trading volume observed, despite the expectation of a rebound in yields in 2025 [2] - Factors supporting the further widening of the yield spread include changes in asset allocation by insurance institutions and reduced demand from banks for ultra-long bonds [2][3] Group 3 - The current global liquidity environment remains loose, and the domestic economic and policy landscape is stabilizing, leading to continued pressure on the bond market in the short term [3] - The short-term volatility of the 30-year government bond is expected to increase, with the possibility of further widening of the yield spread against the 10-year bond [3]

- The report primarily focuses on tracking and analyzing the performance of broad-based indices in the A-share market, including their daily investment dynamics, moving averages, turnover rates, risk premiums, PE-TTM, dividend yields, and net asset break rates[1][2][4] - The turnover rate of the indices is calculated as the sum of the free-float market capitalization of constituent stocks multiplied by their turnover rates, divided by the total free-float market capitalization of the constituent stocks[17] - The risk premium is measured relative to the yield of 10-year government bonds, serving as a reference for risk-free rates, to evaluate the relative investment value and deviation of the indices[27][29] - The PE-TTM (Price-to-Earnings Trailing Twelve Months) is used as a valuation reference to assess the investment value of the indices at the current point in time[37][41] - Dividend yield is tracked to reflect the cash dividend return rate, which is particularly significant during market downturns as high dividend yields often act as a safe haven[46][51] - The net asset break rate is defined as the proportion of stocks with a price-to-book ratio below 1, indicating undervaluation in the market[52][55]

Group 1: Silver Price Dynamics - Silver prices have reached a historic high in December 2025, driven by both industrial and financial demand[1] - Industrial silver usage exceeded 60% in 2025, with significant demand from sectors like data centers and renewable energy[1] - A short-term trigger for the price surge was the physical delivery of 60% of registered inventory (approximately 47.6 million ounces) at the New York COMEX, with registered inventory down over 70% from its 2020 peak[1] Group 2: Market Trends and Asset Performance - For the week of December 6 to December 13, the Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.08%, while the S&P 500 dropped by 0.63%[2] - The gold-silver ratio decreased to 67.39, down 5.64 from the previous week, indicating a relative strengthening of silver[2] - In commodity markets, London silver prices rose by 11.03%, reflecting strong demand dynamics[2] Group 3: Inventory and Fund Behavior - Recent oil inventory levels reached 44,355 million tons, an increase of 2.78 million tons from the previous week[3] - The latest data shows a rise in dollar long positions to 16,893 contracts, up by 889 contracts, while short positions increased to 33,001 contracts[3] - The gold ETF scale rose to 3,385 million ounces, reflecting a 90,000-ounce increase week-over-week[3] Group 4: Risks and Future Outlook - The ongoing global monetary easing cycle is expected to lower holding costs and strengthen demand for silver as a safe-haven asset[1] - Potential risks include the overextension of Federal Reserve easing expectations and technological breakthroughs in "de-silverization" that could disrupt market dynamics[1]

Group 1 - The market is experiencing fluctuations between adjustments and rebounds, with mixed sentiments among investors regarding whether to cut losses or buy more [1] - The external environment is not optimistic, with the Federal Reserve's recent interest rate cut highlighting internal divisions, particularly concerning stagnant inflation and a cooling job market [2] - The A-share market has shown a structural performance with seamless transitions between sectors, leading to the Shanghai Composite Index reaching new highs despite some volatility [2] Group 2 - As the year-end approaches, there is a decrease in risk appetite among investors, which explains the recent market adjustments [3] - The stock-bond valuation ratio indicates that major indices are in a middle state, neither particularly cheap nor overly expensive, based on the PE-TTM and ten-year government bond yield [3] - The number of new individual stock accounts is not at a high level, suggesting that the current market conditions do not reflect the typical signals of a market peak [6] Group 3 - The core driving force behind the recent market rally since April 7 is attributed to positive domestic signals, including policy support for the capital market, technological innovation, and new domestic capital inflows [8] - Despite external influences and geopolitical tensions, the fundamental logic of the current market rally remains intact, encouraging a cautious yet confident outlook for medium to long-term investments [8]

Market Overview - The current state of the A-share market shows signs of high volatility, with major indices experiencing fluctuations at high levels since November, leading to investor uncertainty about the potential for a "cross-year market" [1] - The economic fundamentals have not shown significant improvement, and counter-cyclical policies are still in effect, resulting in a loose liquidity environment and a notable increase in risk appetite [4][7] Economic Indicators - The actual GDP growth for 2023 is projected at 5.4%, with nominal GDP growth at 4.16% [6] - The manufacturing PMI has remained below the 50 mark for eight consecutive months, indicating contraction in the manufacturing sector [7] - Social retail sales have been declining since June, with a year-on-year decrease of 0.2% reported [6][7] Policy Environment - A series of counter-cyclical policies have been implemented since September 2024, including interest rate cuts and increased fiscal support for infrastructure and real estate [7][8] - The Central Political Bureau emphasized the need for proactive fiscal policies and moderate monetary policies to enhance macroeconomic governance [8] Investment Dynamics - Incremental capital is entering the A-share market, driven by insurance funds and quantitative private equity, with insurance capital's market allocation reaching 5.59 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.49 trillion yuan from the end of 2024 [13][16] - The adjustment of risk factors for insurance companies is expected to bring over 100 billion yuan in new capital to the A-share market [16] Valuation Metrics - The current valuation of the A-share market is considered slightly high, with the 10-year PE-TTM percentile at 85.91% [19] - The risk premium, which measures the attractiveness of stocks relative to bonds, is at 54.01%, indicating that the overall valuation remains acceptable [20] Technical Analysis - The Shanghai Composite Index has broken through the resistance line formed by the highs of 2007 and 2015, which may now serve as a support line for the current market trend [23] Investment Strategy - The investment strategy suggests focusing on growth sectors over dividend stocks, with key areas including technology, lithium batteries, non-ferrous metals, and innovative pharmaceuticals [26]

Content: --------- <doc id='1'>证券研究报告·金融工程报告 2025 年 12 月 18 日 江海证券研究发展部 金融工程定期报告 金融工程研究组 A 股市场快照：宽基指数每日投资动态 2025.12.18 ◆市场表现：2025 年 12 月 17 日, 各宽基指数（表 1）全部上涨，其中创业板指（3.39%） 投资要点：</doc> <doc id='2'>分析师：梁俊炜 执业证书编号：S1410524090001 A 股市场快照：宽基指数每日投资动 和中证 500（1.95%）涨幅最大。当年涨跌情况，创业板指（48.3%）涨幅最大，其 次是中证 2000（30.48%）和中证 500（24.66%），中证 1000（22.34%）和中证全指 （21.17%）涨幅扩大，而上证 50（11.43%）涨幅最小。 ◆均线比较：除了中证 1000 和中证 2000，其余跟踪指数已突破 5 日及 20 日均线。 创业板指率先突破 60 日均线。各跟踪指数单日修复程度较大。 ◆资金占比与换手：2025 年 12 月 17 日, 沪深 300（25.34%）交易金额占比最高， 相关研究报告</doc> <doc id='3'>态 2025.12.17 A 股市场快照：宽基指数每日投资动 态 2025.12.16 A 股市场快照：宽基指数每日投资动 态 2025.12.15 其次是中证 2000（23.94%）和中证 1000（20.51%）。各宽基指数当前换手率分别 为中证 2000（3.88），创业板指（2.41），中证 1000（2.24），中证全指（1.63）， 中证 500（1.56），沪深 300（0.54）和上证 50（0.23）。 ◆日收益率分布：创业板指的峰度负偏离最大，中证 1000 的峰度负偏离最小。上 证 50 和创业板指的负偏态最大，中证 1000 和中证 2000 的负偏态最小。 ◆风险溢价：2025 年 12 月 17 日, 创业板指（97.14%）和中证 500（96.59%）风险 溢价近 5 年分位值较高，中证 1000（88.41%）和中证 2000（69.05%）较低。</doc> <doc id='4'>◆PE-TTM：中证 500（95.04%）和中证 1000（93.47%）分位值较高，而中证 2000 （79.17%）和创业板指（57.69%）分位值较低。 ◆股债性价比：没有指数高于其 80%分位，中证 500 低于其 20%分位。 ◆股息率：创业板指（63.22%）和中证 1000（51.65%）所处近 5 年历史分位值较 高，而中证 2000（31.32%）和中证 500（24.55%）较低。 ◆破净率：当前，各指数破净率为上证 50（22.0%），沪深 300（16.33%），中证 500（11.2%），中证 1000（8.3%），中证 2000（3.8%），创业板指（nan%）和中 证全指（6.51%）。 ◆风险提示：本报告可能存在数据缺失、数据错误、数据不及时、模型处理错误 等风险。本报告仅从金融工程角度，对重要指数的市场数据进行跟踪、统计、分 析，不构成对市场指数、行业或个股进行预测或推荐。</doc> <doc id='6'>| 市场衣乳… | | --- | | 1.1 指数表现 … | | 1.2 指数与均线的比较 | | 1.3 资全占比与换手率 … | | 2 日收益分布 | | 2.1 收益区间分布对比 | | 22 分布形态变化对比 | | 3 风险溢价 … | | 3.1 各宽基指数的风险溢价 | | 32 风险溢价历史分布 | | 4 PE-TTM. | | 4.1 各宽某指数 PE-TTM 和分位值 | | 4.2 PE-TTM 历史对比… | | 4.3 股债性价比历史对比… | | 5 吸血率… | | 5.1 近一年各宽某指数股息率变化情况, | | 5.2 股息率历史对比… | | 6 玻璃率 | | 7 风险提示 . |</doc> <doc id='8'>| 表 1、各宽基指数表现情况 | | --- | | 表 2、各宽基指数与均线、近250交易日高位和低位的比较 … | | 表 3 、各宽基指数分布形态变化 … | | 表 4、各宽基指数和十年期国债即期收益率的风险溢价 | | 表 5、各宽基指数 PE-TTM 分位值和历史值 | | 表 6、各宽基指数当前股息率和历史情况 | | 图 1、各宽基指数交易全额占比和换手率 | | 图 2、各宽基指数每日收益率分布情况 | | 图 3、各宽基指数相对十年国债即期收益率的风险溢价 | | 图 4、各宽基指数相对沪深 300 的风险溢价的近 5年分布 . | | 图 5 、各宽基指数 PE-TTM 及其分位值 | | 图 6、各宽基指数的股债性价比… | | 图 7、各宽基指数股息率 | | 图 8、各宽基指数破净个股数和占比………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 |</doc> <doc id='10'>1 市场表现 本报告将从指数涨跌幅、连阴连阳、上涨下跌分布等维度对各宽基指数进 行评价和跟踪。 1.1 指数表现 </doc> <doc id='11'>2025 年 12 月 17 日, 各宽基指数（表 1）全部上涨，其中创业板指（3.39%） 和中证 500（1.95%）涨幅最大。当周涨跌情况，各跟踪指数全部下跌，其中 中证 2000（-1.22%）和中证 1000（-1.12%）跌幅最大。当月涨跌情况，各跟踪 指数涨跌各现，其中创业板指（4.04%）和中证 500（1.51%）涨幅最大，而中 证 2000（-0.89%）和中证 1000（-0.62%）下跌。当季涨跌情况，各跟踪指数除 了上证 50（0.09%）外全部下跌，其中中证 1000（-3.78%）和中证 500（-3.7%） 跌幅最大。当年涨跌情况，创业板指（48.3%）涨幅最大，其次是中证 2000（30.48%） 和中证 500（24.66%），中证 1000（22.34%）和中证全指（21.17%）涨幅扩大， 而上证 50（11.43%）涨幅最小。 表 1、各宽基指数表现情况 指数名称 指数代码 当日涨幅% 当周涨幅% 当月涨幅% 当季涨幅% 当年涨幅% 日K </doc> <doc id='12'>| 指数名称 | 指数代码 | 当日涨幅% | 当周涨幅% | 当月涨幅% | 当季涨幅% | 当年涨幅% | 日K 连阴连阳 | 周K 连阴连阳 | 月K 连阴连阳 | 季K 连阴连阳 | 年K 连阴连阳 | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 上证50 | 000016.SH | 1.25 | -0.10 | 0.74 | 0.09 | 11.43 | | | |

Group 1 - The A-share market is currently in a "data contradiction" phase, with valuation indicators showing a reasonable range while sentiment indicators signal caution [1] - The overall A-share market is in a medium valuation range according to the PE/PB valuation percentile rules over the past five years, with significant structural differentiation [2] - The Buffett indicator stands at 87%, indicating a reasonable range compared to the historical average, but still significantly lower than the US stock market's level [2] Group 2 - The stock-bond valuation ratio for the A-share index is 2.78%, close to the 10-year average of 2.56%, indicating attractiveness compared to historical levels [5] - There is notable structural differentiation, with the ChiNext index at a valuation percentile of only 28.98%, while the CSI 300 and CSI 500 indices exceed 70% [5] Group 3 - Recent trends show a recovery in leveraged funds, with financing balances increasing significantly, indicating renewed market enthusiasm [7] - The financing buy-in ratio accounts for 9.85% of A-share trading volume, suggesting that leverage levels are not in a high-risk zone [9] - There is a structural preference for cyclical sectors such as agriculture, retail, and real estate, while sectors like telecommunications and automotive are experiencing net selling [9] Group 4 - The total social financing increment exceeded 3.3 trillion yuan before November 2025, providing ample liquidity to support the market [11] - Market sentiment has entered a cautious zone, with the "Good Buy Temperature" index at 75.35°C, indicating a warning for investors against chasing high prices [13] - Policy measures are being implemented to support the market, including the issuance of long-term special government bonds and consumption-boosting policies [15][16]

- The report primarily focuses on tracking and analyzing the performance of broad-based indices in the A-share market, including their daily price movements, moving averages, turnover rates, and risk premiums[1][2][3] - The turnover rate for each index is calculated using the formula: $ \text{Turnover Rate} = \frac{\Sigma(\text{Circulating Shares of Component Stocks} \times \text{Turnover Rate of Component Stocks})}{\Sigma(\text{Circulating Shares of Component Stocks})} $ This provides insights into the liquidity and trading activity of the indices[17] - The risk premium is measured relative to the 10-year government bond yield, serving as a benchmark for risk-free rates. This metric evaluates the relative investment value and deviation of each index. For instance, the current risk premium for the CSI 500 is -0.79%, with a 5-year historical percentile of 21.98%[27][31] - The PE-TTM (Price-to-Earnings Trailing Twelve Months) ratio is used as a valuation reference. For example, the CSI 500 has a current PE-TTM value of 32.45, with a 5-year historical percentile of 94.96%, indicating a relatively high valuation compared to its historical range[39][43] - Dividend yield is analyzed as a measure of cash return. For instance, the CSI 500 has a current dividend yield of 1.45%, with a 5-year historical percentile of 24.96%, reflecting its position in the historical distribution of dividend yields[48][53] - The report also examines the net asset value (NAV) break rate, which represents the proportion of stocks trading below their book value. For example, the CSI 500 has a current NAV break rate of 11.0%, suggesting market sentiment and valuation levels[54][57]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content is provided in the report. 2. Core View of the Report - The overall macro - policy aims to stabilize the macro - leverage ratio. The liability growth rate of the real - sector is expected to decline in December 2025, and the government debt growth rate is also expected to continue to fall. - The economic situation on the asset side is weak, with the physical quantity data in October weaker than that in September. It is necessary to focus on when the economy will stabilize and pick up. - The stock - bond ratio is in an interval - shock state, currently with risk - preference at the upper limit of the interval and trending downward later. The stock - bond ratio is in favor of bonds, and the equity style is in favor of value [17][19][22]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 National Asset Balance Sheet Analysis - **Liability Side**: In November 2025, the liability growth rate of the real - sector was 8.7%, the same as the previous value, and it is expected to drop to around 8.5% in December. The government debt growth rate was 13.1% at the end of November, and is expected to fall to around 12.5% in December. The capital market was basically stable last week, mainly due to the renewal of 750 billion special treasury bonds on the 12th, with a high probability of subsequent marginal convergence [17][18]. - **Fiscal Policy**: The net increase of government bonds last week was 298.1 billion yuan, higher than the planned net decrease of 510.2 billion yuan. It is planned that the government bonds will have a net decrease of 119.2 billion yuan next week [2][18]. - **Monetary Policy**: Last week, the capital trading volume and price increased on a weekly average basis, and the term spread was stable. The one - year treasury bond yield fluctuated narrowly, closing at 1.39% on the weekend. The term spread between the ten - year and one - year treasury bonds was stable at 45 basis points. The yield fluctuation ranges of the ten - year and thirty - year treasury bonds are expected to be around 1.6% - 1.9% and 1.8% - 2.3% respectively [2][18]. - **Asset Side**: The physical quantity data in October was weaker than that in September. The annual real economic growth target in 2025 is about 5%, and the nominal economic growth target is about 4.9%. It is necessary to observe whether 5% will become the central target for China's nominal economic growth in the next 1 - 2 years [3][19]. 3.2 Stock - Bond Ratio and Stock - Bond Style - **Economic Cycle**: Since 2011, China has entered a period of declining potential economic growth, which seems to have ended in the fourth quarter of 2024. The government put forward three policy goals in 2016, and currently the liability - side convergence has not ended but the space is limited [6][20]. - **Overseas Situation**: China and the US are in a state of equal - power competition. If the valuation of the US technology field is re - evaluated, global funds may flow to China. It is necessary to focus on whether the RMB exchange rate will enter an appreciation channel [6][21]. - **Market Performance**: Last week, the capital market was stable, with stocks and bonds rising slightly, and the equity style shifting to growth - dominance. The bond yields at both long - and short - ends declined slightly, and the stock - bond ratio was in favor of bonds [7][21]. - **Investment Recommendation**: It is recommended to allocate long - term bonds and value - type equity assets. This week, it is recommended to allocate the Shanghai Composite 50 Index (80% position) and the 30 - year treasury bond ETF (20% position) [8][22]. 3.3 Industry Recommendation - **Industry Performance Review**: This week, A - shares fell on heavy volume. Among the Shenwan primary industries, communication, national defense and military industry, electronics, machinery, and power equipment had the largest increases, while coal, petroleum and petrochemicals, steel, real estate, and textile and clothing had the largest declines [30]. - **Industry Crowding and Trading Volume**: As of December 12, the top five crowded industries were electronics, power equipment, communication, machinery, and computers, while the bottom five were beauty care, comprehensive, petroleum and petrochemicals, steel, and coal. The trading volume of the whole A - shares rebounded this week, with the trading volume of some industries increasing and that of some industries decreasing [31][34]. - **Industry Valuation and Earnings**: This week, among the Shenwan primary industries, the PE (TTM) of communication, electronics, national defense and military industry, machinery, and comprehensive increased the most, while that of coal, petroleum and petrochemicals, steel, real estate, and textile and clothing decreased the most. Industries with high 2024 full - year earnings forecasts and relatively low current valuations include banks, securities, insurance, etc. [37][38]. - **Industry Prosperity**: Externally, the demand is declining marginally, with the global manufacturing PMI falling and the export growth rates of some countries fluctuating. Domestically, the second - hand housing price fell last week, and quantity indicators showed mixed trends [42]. - **Public Offering Market Review**: In the second week of December, most active public - offering equity funds outperformed the CSI 300. As of December 12, the net asset value of active public - offering equity funds increased slightly compared with that in Q4 2024 [60]. - **Industry Recommendation**: In the de - leveraging cycle, the stock - bond ratio is only slightly in favor of equities, and the value style is more likely to dominate. A recommended A + H dividend portfolio includes 13 stocks, and the A - share portfolio includes 20 stocks, mainly concentrated in industries such as banks, telecommunications, petroleum and petrochemicals, and transportation [9][65].

Group 1 - The article discusses six core indicators that can help investors assess the current market position, including valuation, fund returns, and stock-bond price ratios [3][25]. - The index valuation serves as a "thermometer" for the market, indicating whether it is undervalued, fairly valued, or overvalued based on PE/PB ratios [5][10]. - The current PE/PB valuation indicates that the market is not in a bubble or at a bottom, suggesting a moderate position [7][25]. Group 2 - The "magic indicator" shared by industry expert Dong Chengfei is the annualized return of equity funds over three years, which currently stands at 3.5%, indicating a stable market position [5][7]. - The stock-bond price ratio, calculated as the inverse of the stock PE minus the yield of 10-year government bonds, is currently at 2.76%, close to the 10-year average, suggesting a balanced market [8][10]. - The financing balance reflects investor confidence, with recent increases indicating a recovery in market sentiment, although the current leverage levels are not extreme [12][16]. Group 3 - The Buffett Indicator, which compares the total market capitalization of listed companies to the annual GDP, is at 88%, indicating a reasonable valuation [19][21]. - The "Good Buy Temperature" combines various market indicators into a single score, currently at 76.07°C, suggesting caution against chasing high prices [23][25]. - Overall, the market is characterized as being in a "neutral state," neither significantly undervalued nor overvalued, providing a balanced investment environment [25][32].