证券研究报告 | 金融工程 2025 年 11 月 30 日 全球流动性回暖，但国内风险偏好回升或仍在蓄力 定期报告 ❑ 择时观点上，本周继续对后市维持震荡走势的判断，虽然外部流动性风险下 降带动全球风险偏好回升，但 A 股量能持续收缩叠加基本面数据未见好转， 国内风险偏好回升或仍处蓄力过程中。具体来看：一是交易维度信号偏弱， 目前全市场 Beta 离散度上行、PB 分化度下行、全 A 交易量能下行，三者均 给出偏向谨慎信号。即当前存量资金博弈期间，市场交易主线较为缺乏，不 论是科技方向还是红利方向，均未能形成新的趋势。二是基本面维度并未好 转，11 月 PMI 录得 49.20，为季节性偏弱水平（过去 10 年同月仅强于 2022 年），叠加社融增速见顶、CPI 数据未见好转，当前基本面"需求相对疲 弱、中上游价格修复"的结构性复苏局面较为明显，或不足以支撑权益市场 全面趋势上行。三是全球流动性危机警报或暂时解除，对 A 股利空影响减 弱。目前 CME"美联储观察"对 12 月美联储降息概率的预测达到 86.40%， 叠加美元持续走弱、美股小盘股短期领涨、贵金属与加密货币短期显著反弹 的现象，我们认为全球流 ...

- The report aims to enhance the original "Defensive and Offensive Dividend Strategy" by incorporating a rotation mechanism based on macroeconomic expectations, adjusting the weights of defensive and offensive scores during the second screening step[3][11][18] - The original strategy involves a two-step stock selection process: first, selecting the top 30% of stocks with high defensive scores from a high-dividend stock pool, and second, selecting the top 30 or 50 stocks based on offensive scores[18] - Defensive score is calculated as: $ 0.5 \times \text{3-year average dividend yield TTM} + 0.3 \times \text{480-day downside volatility} + 0.2 \times \text{3-year non-recurring ROE mean/standard deviation} $[75] - Offensive score is calculated as: $ 0.5 \times \text{forecast dividend yield} + 0.3 \times \text{relative momentum 240_20} + 0.2 \times \text{single-quarter non-recurring net profit year-on-year} $[75] - The enhanced strategy retains the first step of the original strategy and adjusts the weights of defensive and offensive scores based on macroeconomic expectations in the second step[11][74] - When macroeconomic expectations are revised upwards, the strategy selects the top 30 stocks based on offensive scores; when revised downwards, it selects the top 30 stocks based on a combination of 50% offensive and 50% defensive scores[74] - The enhanced strategy shows improved drawdown control, with the maximum drawdown reduced from 27.88% to 24.37% over the entire period from early 2016 to November 7, 2025[11][80][81] - The annualized return of the enhanced strategy is slightly improved, and the annualized volatility is slightly reduced compared to the original strategy[11][80][81] - The enhanced strategy's performance is evaluated by comparing annual returns, maximum drawdowns, and annualized volatility with the original strategy[80][81][82]

证券研究报告 | 金融工程 2025 年 11 月 23 日 维持观望，大盘风格或仍将占优 2. 市场最新观点 风险提示：择时和风格轮动模型结论基于合理假设前提下结合历史数据统计规 律推导而出，市场环境变化下可能导致出现模型失效风险。 定期报告 敬请阅读末页的重要说明 王武蕾 S1090519080001 wangwulei@cmschina.com.cn 王禹哲 S1090525080001 wangyuzhe@cmschina.com.cn ❑ 择时观点上，本周继续维持震荡观望的判断，核心原因有三点，较前期有所 扩充：一是交易维度信号偏弱，目前全市场 Beta 离散度上行、PB 分化度下 行、全 A 交易量能下行，三者均给出偏向谨慎信号。简而言之，即市场缺乏 交易主线，未能形成新的趋势。二是基本面维度有喜有忧，即中上游景气度 回升较为明显，但下游景气度以及信贷数据不及预期。三是全球流动性风险 仍未解除，上周市场回调的主要原因在于美联储 12 月降息预期显著回落导 致全球流动性收缩，虽然周五美联储"三把手"威廉姆斯表示"近期内有进 一步调整利率的空间"，带动美股企稳，但当前美联储内部分歧仍较大，在 12 月 ...

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market is experiencing a notable shift towards stock selection and sector rotation, with over 50 stocks upgraded and more than 90 downgraded in ratings, indicating a more cautious market sentiment and a focus on structural opportunities in technology, consumption, and dividend sectors [1][2][3]. Stock Rating Adjustments - Over the past month, 52 stocks have been upgraded, with the food and beverage sector having the highest number of upgrades at 7 stocks, followed by electronics and power equipment with 5 each, and pharmaceuticals and light industry with 4 each [1]. - Conversely, 92 stocks have been downgraded across 25 industries, with the automotive sector leading with 12 downgrades, followed by food and beverage with 10, and basic chemicals with 9 [2][3]. Sector Analysis - In the food and beverage sector, several companies such as Baba Foods and Ximai Foods have seen their ratings upgraded due to improved revenue growth and store efficiency [2]. - The electronics sector is expected to benefit from a recovery in terminal demand, with companies like Crystal Technology and Green Link Technology receiving upgrades [2]. - The automotive sector has faced downgrades due to short-term performance pressures, with companies like Meihu and New Spring seeing their ratings lowered [3]. Market Trends and Strategies - Analysts suggest that the market is moving towards a balanced style, with a preference for large-cap stocks and a potential shift towards value stocks [4]. - The focus on growth stocks remains, but the key is whether the underlying valuation logic changes, which could drive future performance [4]. - Investment opportunities are seen in themes such as anti-involution and dividend stocks, with a particular emphasis on technology sectors that align with national strategies and possess real technological barriers [5].

Group 1 - The North Exchange has reached a market capitalization of 900.8 billion, with a significant improvement in liquidity and market functions over its four years of development [2][5][7] - As of November 14, 2025, the North Exchange has 282 listed companies, representing a growth of 248% compared to its inception, with a total market value increase of 212% [5][7][12] - The average daily turnover rate for the North Exchange in 2025 was 5.4%, the highest among all A-shares, with 9.5 million new accounts opened, reflecting a 1.4 times increase since its launch [2][5][7] Group 2 - The North Exchange experienced three major market rallies in 2023 and 2024, driven by different catalysts: policy-driven in the first two rounds and industry-driven in the last [2][19][20] - The North Exchange 50 Index saw increases of 55.8%, 132%, and 47.4% during these rallies, indicating varying market characteristics and participant dynamics [19][20][21] - The market's focus has shifted towards "style rotation" and "industry rotation," with significant impacts from the distribution of industries and the quality of companies within those sectors [25][26][33] Group 3 - The outlook for 2026 includes accelerated reforms, with expectations for the launch of the North Exchange 50 ETF and new stock issuance reforms, which are anticipated to enhance liquidity and stabilize volatility [2][4][12] - The expected number of new stock issuances in 2026 is around 40, with projected subscription yields of 3.75%, 3.13%, and 2.34% for different investment amounts [2][4][12] - Investment strategies for 2026 suggest focusing on technology and "anti-involution" in the first half, and consumer and manufacturing sectors in the second half, with an overall emphasis on new and recently listed stocks [2][4][12]

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the consumer industry, particularly focusing on the recovery of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and its implications for consumption trends in China. The core CPI has shown a continuous recovery for six months, reaching 1.2% in October, which is expected to support short-term consumption and continue until the Spring Festival next year [1][3][4]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Economic Growth and Policy Support**: The economic growth target for 2026 is expected to remain around 5%. Macro policies will increasingly focus on domestic demand, enhancing support for consumer markets, making them more attractive in the coming year [1][4]. - **Investment Opportunities in Consumer Sectors**: The A-share market has seen increased attention on certain consumer sectors, particularly those that are undervalued and poised for recovery, such as discount retail, snacks, and domestic beauty products. High-growth service sectors like outdoor economy and medical services also present investment potential [1][5][6]. - **Sector Rotation in Q4**: The market is shifting towards a style rotation logic, with relatively low valuation sectors like medical services, aviation, home appliances, shopping goods, and condiments showing high allocation value [1][5]. - **Airline Sector Performance**: The airline sector is experiencing upward trends influenced by factors such as improved Sino-Japanese relations, tightened aircraft supply, and passenger and cargo volumes exceeding pre-pandemic levels. Stable oil prices and a strong currency also contribute positively [2][7][8]. Additional Important Insights - **Consumer Resilience**: Despite overall economic pressures, consumer performance has shown resilience, with consumption data remaining stable compared to investment declines. The government aims to increase the final consumption rate, which currently stands at about 56%, with room for improvement [3][4]. - **Focus on Specific Consumer Segments**: The call highlights specific consumer segments worth monitoring, including the IP economy and pet economy, which benefit from demographic trends like the rise of Gen Z consumers and single-person households [6]. - **Pharmaceutical Sector Opportunities**: Within the pharmaceutical industry, segments related to medical services, aesthetic medicine, and vaccines are highlighted as having investment potential due to supportive policies [9][10]. - **Trends in the Duty-Free Industry**: The duty-free sector is showing signs of recovery, with initial signs of bottoming out and an upward trend expected [14]. - **Food and Beverage Sector Dynamics**: The food and beverage industry is divided into two parts: liquor and mass-market products. The liquor sector is facing challenges, while mass-market leaders show operational resilience, particularly in frozen foods and restaurant chains [16][21][22]. Conclusion - The conference call provides a comprehensive overview of the consumer industry, highlighting the recovery of the CPI, investment opportunities across various sectors, and the implications of macroeconomic policies on consumer behavior. The airline and pharmaceutical sectors are particularly noted for their growth potential, while the food and beverage industry faces mixed challenges and opportunities.

Core Viewpoint - The market is experiencing an upward trend with the Shanghai Composite Index breaking a 10-year high at 4030.40 points, leading to discussions on whether investors should switch sectors as the year-end approaches [1] Market Trends - The market is currently in a policy vacuum period, with strong sectors like semiconductors, AI, and chips showing lackluster performance recently [1] - Historical patterns indicate that value stocks such as banks, non-bank financials, and food and beverage sectors have a win rate exceeding 70% during the year-end period (November-December) [3] - The banking sector saw a 9.36% increase in December 2024, while technology sectors like computers and electronics gained a 15% increase in January 2023 [3] Sector Performance - The Consumer sector, particularly the liquor segment, has shown strong performance despite pressure from fundamentals after the third-quarter reports [1] - The China Securities Dividend Index tends to perform well before year-end, indicating a potential shift in market focus [1] Investment Strategies - Two key investment tracks are highlighted: 1. **Cyclical Recovery in Undervalued Industries**: Traditional industries are seeing improvements in supply-demand dynamics, with sectors like white goods, engineering machinery, and commercial vehicles being identified as having global competitive advantages [6] 2. **Defensive High-Dividend Strategies**: High-dividend assets are viewed as a stabilizing force in investment portfolios, particularly in uncertain market conditions [10] Fund Performance - The China Securities Major Consumer Index has nearly doubled in size since 2023, with the Huatai-PineBridge China Securities Major Consumer ETF leading with a scale exceeding 20 billion [7] - The demand for long-term dividend investments remains strong, driven by the ongoing asset shortage in the banking sector [11] Index and Fund Recommendations - The S&P Hong Kong Stock Connect Low Volatility Dividend Index and the Hang Seng High Dividend Low Volatility Index are recommended for investors seeking stable growth and risk diversification [12][13]

Group 1: Macro and Strategy - The core conclusion indicates that the bull market initiated in 2024 is not over, transitioning into its second phase, with the driving force shifting from sentiment to fundamentals [6] - Technology is identified as the main theme, with a focus on AI glasses, robotics, intelligent driving, AI programming, and AI in life sciences [6][7] - The bull market is characterized by structural features, with "small assets" outperforming "old assets," and the market is currently in the explosive phase of the bull market [6][7] Group 2: Industry and Company Analysis - The restaurant industry is transitioning from extensive expansion to stable growth, with online channels becoming increasingly important [8][9] - Different restaurant formats have varying adaptability to delivery services, with beverages and fast food showing the highest adaptability [8][9] - A balanced approach between dine-in and delivery is crucial for restaurant brands to maintain brand recognition and profitability [10] Group 3: Investment Recommendations - The report maintains an "outperform the market" rating for the restaurant industry, emphasizing the need for brands to adapt to consumer trends and optimize their cost-benefit ratios [11] - Specific recommendations include companies like Xiaocaiyuan, Guoquan, and Haidilao, while also suggesting attention to Meituan-W as a platform leader [11] Group 4: Company Financial Performance - Beike-W reported a 2% year-on-year revenue growth in Q3 2025, with a total GTV of 736.7 billion RMB [15] - The adjusted net profit for Beike-W decreased by 28% year-on-year, indicating challenges in profitability despite revenue growth [15][16] - Yonyou Network's revenue for the first three quarters of 2025 was 5.584 billion RMB, a 2.7% decline year-on-year, but showed a positive growth trend in Q3 [19][20]

Market Overview - The market is expected to continue fluctuating around the 4000-point mark of the Shanghai Composite Index, with a notable acceleration in style and sector rotation [2][5] - The recommendation is to adopt a cautious approach, focusing on opportunities in technology, new energy, and electricity sectors during the fluctuations [2][5] Stock Market Factors - The market style has shifted towards small-cap stocks, with a preference for value over growth [7] - The volatility of both small-cap and value-growth styles has decreased [7] - There has been an increase in the dispersion of excess returns across industries, along with a rise in the speed of sector rotation and the proportion of rising constituent stocks [7] Market Activity - Market volatility and turnover rates have both declined [8] Commodity Market Factors - The trend strength in the agricultural products sector has decreased, while other sectors have shown little change [19] - Basis momentum has increased across all sectors, with a decline in volatility for all but the agricultural products sector [19] - Liquidity has decreased across all sectors [19] Options Market - Implied volatility levels for the SSE 50 and CSI 1000 have gradually decreased, while the ratio of put to call option open interest has increased [22] - There is a notable increase in the skew of both put and call options for the SSE 50, indicating uncertainty in market direction and dominant style [22] Convertible Bond Market - The convertible bond market has performed well, with a continued upward trend [24] - The premium rate for bonds convertible at 100 yuan has significantly increased, nearing the 90th percentile of the past year [24] - The proportion of low premium convertible bonds has remained stable, with weekly trading volume showing a continuous recovery [24]

- The report tracks various market factors, including stock market, commodity market, options market, and convertible bond market, focusing on their weekly performance and trends[1][3][12] - **Stock Market Factors**: The report highlights the following: - **Market Style**: Small-cap stocks outperformed large-cap stocks, and value stocks outperformed growth stocks. Both small-cap and value-growth style volatilities decreased[12][14] - **Market Structure**: Industry excess return dispersion and industry rotation speed increased. The proportion of rising constituent stocks also increased, while the concentration of trading in the top 100 stocks and top 5 industries decreased[12][14] - **Market Activity**: Both market volatility and turnover rate declined[13][14] - **Commodity Market Factors**: Key observations include: - **Trend Strength**: The trend strength of agricultural products decreased, while other sectors showed minimal changes[24][31] - **Basis Momentum**: Basis momentum increased across all sectors[24][31] - **Volatility**: Volatility decreased across all sectors except agricultural products[24][31] - **Liquidity**: Liquidity declined across all sectors[24][31] - **Options Market Factors**: The implied volatility levels of SSE 50 and CSI 1000 options decreased. However, the put-call open interest ratio increased. Additionally, the skewness of both put and call options for SSE 50 rose significantly[35] - **Convertible Bond Market Factors**: The convertible bond market performed well, with the following trends: - The premium rate of bonds priced around 100 yuan increased significantly, nearing the 90th percentile of the past year[37] - The premium rate of pure debt bonds also slightly increased, while the proportion of low premium rate bonds remained stable[37] - Weekly trading volume continued to recover[37]