据报道，此次议息会议没有公布新的点阵图和经济预测表，货币政策声明成为唯一的公布文件。联邦公开市场委员会在声明中称，目前美国经济 前景的不确定性进一步加剧，密切关注到其充分就业与稳定物价"双重使命"所面临的风险，并认为失业率上升和通货膨胀加剧的风险均有所增 加。为实现上述使命，决定将联邦基金利率目标区间维持在4.25%至4.5%。 据路透社报道，美联储主席鲍威尔会后在回答记者提问时表示，"关税政策影响的范围、规模以及持续时间都非常不确定。""所以，目前根本不清 楚货币政策的适当应对措施是什么……真的完全不清楚我们应该怎么做。""我认为我们无法判断最终结果会是怎样。"路透社认为，鲍威尔以这种 委婉的方式发声，表明作为塑造美国经济的关键角色，美联储实际上正处于观望状态，直到明确美国贸易政策对经济的影响之后再做出抉择。 鲍威尔不为降息呼声所动 据《纽约时报》报道，美联储在降息上继续保持观望态度，可能会进一步加剧与白宫之间的紧张关系。此前，特朗普曾多次抨击鲍威尔没有听从 其降息的要求。《华尔街日报》称，美国总统通常会与美联储保持一定距离，避免过度干涉，保持其决策的独立性。但当下的美国总统是个例 外，他在竞选期间就曾暗示 ...

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The discussion primarily revolves around the **U.S. economy**, focusing on the impacts of tariffs, inflation, and the Federal Reserve's policies. Core Insights and Arguments - **Tariff Impact**: The average tariff level in the U.S. has risen to approximately **24%**, reminiscent of the 1910s, significantly pressuring the economy. This increase in tariffs is expected to raise inflation by **1.5% to 2%**, with potential peaks at **2.5%** [1][2][8] - **Economic Transition**: The U.S. economy is anticipated to transition from **stagflation to recession** within the next year. Initially, inflation and economic growth may strengthen, but increasing downward pressure is expected to dominate later [1][5] - **Financial System Resilience**: The overall U.S. financial system is robust enough to absorb tariff shocks, but there are concerns regarding the **private equity market** and **insurance companies' cross-border positions**, which may pose risks due to low transparency and potential forced asset sales [1][4] - **Debt Market Risks**: The peak of corporate debt maturities in **2026** could reveal significant risks if credit spreads remain high, indicating potential financial stress [3][12] - **Market Dynamics**: The U.S. stock market is currently in a **W-shaped** recovery phase, but is expected to face downward pressure due to earnings challenges. Conversely, gold is in an **M-shaped** pattern, with its future performance hinging on the Federal Reserve's interest rate decisions [1][6][7] Additional Important Insights - **Labor Market Resilience**: Despite a resilient labor market, if the unemployment rate rises to around **5%**, it could signal a substantial recession. A rise to **4.5%** may only indicate recession fears rather than an actual recession [3][11] - **Global Fund Reallocation**: There is a gradual shift in global fund allocation from **overweighting dollar assets** to a more balanced approach, influenced by the recent volatility in U.S. debt, stocks, and currency [3][13][14] - **Manufacturing Sector Performance**: Following the implementation of tariffs on China, the U.S. manufacturing PMI dropped from approximately **60** to around **48**, reflecting the economic impact of trade policies [15] - **Future Monetary Policy**: The Federal Reserve's future interest rate cuts will likely depend more on market performance than on economic data, with potential cuts being considered in upcoming meetings [17] This summary encapsulates the critical points discussed in the conference call, highlighting the current economic landscape, potential risks, and future outlook for the U.S. economy.

Group 1: Economic Impact of Tariffs - The U.S. economy is facing greater shocks due to the implementation of "reciprocal tariffs," leading to concerns about rising prices and consumer sentiment [2][3] - The labor market is showing signs of cooling, with companies adopting a more conservative approach amid policy uncertainty, while inflation expectations continue to rise [2][3] - The Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index fell to 52.2 in April, with one-year inflation expectations increasing from 5.0% in March to 6.5% [2] Group 2: Federal Reserve's Dilemma - The Federal Reserve is caught in a "dual mandate" dilemma, struggling to balance between supporting employment and controlling inflation due to the adverse effects of tariffs [8][9] - Fed Chair Powell emphasized the need for more data before making any preemptive rate cuts, indicating a cautious approach to monetary policy [1][8] - The Fed's current policy rate remains restrictive, and any potential rate cuts will depend on the impact of tariffs on economic growth and inflation expectations [9][10] Group 3: Future Economic Outlook - Analysts predict that the U.S. economy may transition from "stagflation" to "recession" in the coming quarters, with key economic indicators showing signs of weakness [11] - The uncertainty surrounding U.S. government policies and tariffs is eroding market confidence in the long-term economic outlook [6][11] - The potential for a recession is heightened if policy uncertainty continues to suppress economic growth in the second quarter [3][11]

每周一景： 云南玉龙雪山 点击右上角菜单，收听朗读版 【 宏观】 关税加剧滞胀担忧，通胀压力掣肘降息——2025年5月美联储议息会议点评 美东时间 2025 年 5 月 7 日，美联储发布议息会议声明，随后鲍威尔例行召开新闻发布会。 从议息会议 声明和鲍威尔发言中，我们认为主要有五处边际变化：一是美联储按兵不动，但是滞胀预期加剧；二是鲍 威尔不断强调经济前景的不确定性，并认为其与关税前景密切相关；三是鲍威尔认为当前通胀压力主要来 自于关税，而关税谈判存在不确定性；四是鲍威尔给出模糊化的前瞻性指引，维持一如既往偏"鹰"的表 态，但也传递了未来降息的可能性；五是鲍威尔重申美联储的独立性，部分缓解市场担忧。总体来看，本 次美联储议息会议的关键词就是"不确定性"，无论是经济前景、通胀前景，还是降息前景，都充满了不确 定性，而其根源就来自于关税政策的不确定性和关税对经济影响机制的不确定性。 短期经济数据和就业数据韧性进一步延后降息预期，预计后续通胀压力将对降息时间和幅度形成持续掣 肘。 近期公布的美国一季度经济数据和 4 月份非农就业数据仍有一定的韧性，从而整体降息预期有所延 后，叠加鲍威尔的"鹰"派表态，美国联邦基金 ...

宏 观 研 究 2025 年 05 月 08 日 模糊的滞胀预期下，美联储会否全年按兵不动？ ——美联储 FOMC 会议点评（2025.5） 投资要点： 宏 观 点 评 基于当前仍然稳健的经济和就业表现，以及未来可能出现的滞胀风险，美 联储年初至今连续第三次会议决定维持利率水平不变。当地时间 5 月 7 日下午， 美联储召开本年度第三次 FOMC 会议，在声明中指出"尽管净出口动荡对经 济数据造成影响"，但经济活动仍延续稳健扩张步伐，鲍威尔在新闻发布会上 补充阐述称美国国内最终购买（PDFP）一季度稳定增长 3%，与去年节奏相同； 此外声明认为经济前景的不确定性"进一步"提升，并评估认为"失业率和通 胀同步上行的风险加大"，这意味着美联储当前对美国政府关税政策影响下美 国经济在未来可能走向一定程度的滞胀存有担忧，而滞胀局面一旦出现，美联 储往往需要首先实施一定程度的紧缩，在成功控制通胀预期后才可转而实施宽 松操作。基于上述两方面原因，美联储本次会议连续第三次决定维持利率水平 不变，自年初以来未再降息。鲍威尔在发布会问答环节多次强调当前美联储"不 必着急"，"可以耐心等待"，或为暗示美联储降息的概率和幅度比市场 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has maintained the benchmark interest rate at 4.25-4.50% and is facing a decision-making dilemma between combating inflation and stabilizing employment, with potential for 1-3 rate cuts within the year totaling 25-75 basis points [1][6]. Group 1: Economic Performance - The U.S. economy is currently in a solid expansion phase, with low unemployment rates and a robust job market [3][5]. - Inflation remains somewhat elevated, and the Federal Reserve is committed to achieving maximum employment and restoring inflation to 2% [3][5]. Group 2: Monetary Policy - The Federal Reserve has decided to keep the federal funds rate target range at 4.25-4.5% and will closely monitor economic indicators, including labor market conditions and inflation pressures, to determine future policy adjustments [3][5]. - The Fed is cautious about the risks associated with its dual mandate of employment and inflation, acknowledging that both unemployment and inflation risks have risen [5][6]. Group 3: Market Strategy - The recommendation is to maintain a strategy of buying long-duration U.S. Treasuries on dips and shorting the dollar on rallies [2][8]. - The market is currently neutral, with expectations for rate cuts being tempered, and the probability of a June rate cut has decreased to around 20% [7][8].

隔夜，现货黄金下跌近2%，日内最高触及3437.49美元，最低触及3359.78美元，最终收报于3364.67美元。今日欧市盘中，黄金延续跌势，目前在3342美 元附近徘徊。 鲍威尔打脸特朗普！ 隔夜，美股三大股指全线上涨，截至收盘，道指涨0.7%，报41113.97点；标普500指数涨0.43%，报5631.28点；纳指涨0.27%，报17738.16点。 消息面上，鲍威尔"鸽派"表态提振美股市场。 北京时间5月8日凌晨2点，美联储宣布，将联邦基金利率区间维持在4.25%—4.5%不变。这是美联储连续第三次议息会议按兵不动。 随后，美联储主席鲍威尔在新闻发布会上的讲话也释放了诸多政策信号。他表示，美联储不急于行动，未来可能会出现适合降息或按兵不动的情形。 可以说，美联储的决定，再次让特朗普失望。 当前，白宫发言人、英国驻华盛顿大使馆尚未对此发表评论。 2025年以来，特朗普多次高频次公开喊话，呼吁降息。不过，对于特朗普的反复喊话和威胁，鲍威尔表示，特朗普呼吁降息对美联储没有影响。 真的是又硬又刚，直接打脸特朗普。 分析称，鲍威尔的讲话整体偏"鸽派"，保留了未来降息的可能性，且缓解了市场对美联储独立性的担忧。 ...

Group 1 - The core point of the news is the volatility of gold prices, with significant fluctuations observed during the Asian trading session, driven by various market factors [1][3][4] - Gold prices saw a sharp increase, reaching a high of $3414.706 per ounce before experiencing a decline to a low of $3319.835 per ounce, indicating a drop of over $90 from the peak [1][3] - Goldman Sachs reported that the recent surge in gold prices was primarily due to active buying by Asian officials, with most price movements occurring during Asian trading hours [7][8] Group 2 - The data from the ETF market shows a net outflow of over 7 billion, while the SGE Gold 9999 ETF recorded a net inflow of 936 million, highlighting a shift in investment preferences [9][11] - The report indicates that Bitcoin ETFs have seen significant inflows, surpassing those of gold ETFs, with the BlackRock Bitcoin ETF receiving $6.96 billion this year, compared to $6.5 billion for the largest gold ETF [13] - The People's Bank of China has increased its gold reserves for six consecutive months, with a total of 73.77 million ounces as of the end of April, reflecting a slower growth rate compared to previous months [14] Group 3 - The public fund industry in China has introduced a significant reform document aimed at transitioning from a focus on scale to one on quality, with 25 reform measures outlined [19][20] - Key measures include establishing a performance-based fee structure for funds, enhancing long-term performance assessments, and promoting the growth of equity investment within public funds [19][20] - This reform is expected to have a profound impact on the industry landscape and wealth management for residents, emphasizing the importance of returns over mere asset accumulation [20]

Monetary Policy Outlook - The Federal Reserve maintained the federal funds rate at 4.25%-4.50% during the May FOMC meeting, with limited incremental information provided[2] - The Fed's current stance suggests that rate cuts may not occur in the first half of the year, as they remain data-dependent[2] - The Fed is likely to implement two to three rate cuts in the second half of the year, with the probability of a July cut decreasing[2][4] Inflation and Economic Concerns - The Fed emphasizes the risk of stagflation, with concerns about rising inflation and potential increases in unemployment[5] - Internal divisions within the Fed exist regarding the approach to inflation, with some officials advocating for preemptive rate cuts if hard data deteriorates significantly[5][10] - The inflation target for 2025 is projected to remain between 3.0%-3.5%, which does not hinder the possibility of rate cuts[22] Market Reactions and Predictions - Market expectations indicate three potential rate cuts by 2025, with the first cut anticipated in July[20] - U.S. stock indices rose following the meeting, while U.S. Treasury yields declined, reflecting market relief at the Fed's cautious approach[20] - The dollar index increased to 99.9006, indicating market stability despite uncertainties surrounding tariffs and inflation[20] Economic Data and Labor Market - The labor market remains stable, but there are risks of deterioration that could prompt the Fed to consider rate cuts[14][18] - The Fed's reliance on hard data suggests that any significant economic downturn may not be observed until mid-year or later[12][22] - The ongoing tariff negotiations and fiscal policies are deemed more critical in the short term than immediate Fed actions[15]

美联储主席鲍威尔和美国总统特朗普。图源：CFP 智通财经记者 | 刘婷 北京时间周四凌晨，美国联邦储备委员会宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间维持在4.25%-4.50%不变，符合 市场预期。分析师表示，美联储仍然坚定地处于观望状态，但美国新政府关税等政策带来的困境愈发明 显，美联储正在陷入应对"滞涨"的思维模式，预计今年首次降息最早可能要在下半年才能开启。 鲍威尔在新闻发布上明确表示，要等到6月才能对降息路径有所预估，不必着急采取行动，进一步观望 的成本很低。 对此，招商证券认为，这一表态已经暗示6月大概率不会降息。再加上今年尤其是3月以来鲍威尔表态持 续偏鹰，以及鲍威尔曾在2021年时误判当时美国通胀是"暂时性的"，因此本轮美联储调整货币政策立场 可能会更加谨慎。因而，在贸易谈判有进一步明确的结果之前，美联储的最优做法还是观望等待、数据 依赖；美国资管公司威灵顿也认为，6月美联储可能缺乏足够的通胀或失业数据来支持其降息。 惠誉评级首席经济学家布莱恩·库尔顿（Brian Coulton）对智通财经表示，新增的措辞表明，特朗普关税 冲击将同时抑制美国实际GDP增长并推高物价，使美联储陷入两难境地，因为维持充分就业所需 ...