惠誉：贸易战损害发达欧洲地区的行业前景。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The European Union (EU) has been forced to accept a 15% tariff agreement with the United States, highlighting its regret for not forming a united front with China to counteract U.S. trade policies [1][2]. Group 1: Trade Agreement Details - On July 27, U.S. President Trump announced that the EU would increase investments in the U.S. by $600 billion and purchase $750 billion worth of U.S. energy products [1]. - The EU accepted a 15% "base" tariff, which includes key sectors like the automotive industry, while steel will be subject to a quota system [2][3]. - The EU's initial plan aimed to reduce a €200 billion trade deficit through increased purchases of liquefied natural gas, weapons, and agricultural products, but was undermined by Trump's rapid actions [3]. Group 2: Internal Disagreements and Strategic Missteps - The EU's response to Trump's trade aggression began with a strategic misstep on April 10, when it chose to suspend retaliatory tariffs and accept negotiations under pressure [2][4]. - Internal divisions among EU member states weakened its negotiating position, with some countries advocating for a stronger response while others preferred a more cautious approach [3][4]. - The EU's reliance on U.S. security guarantees, particularly among Eastern and Northern member states, contributed to its reluctance to engage in a trade confrontation [4]. Group 3: Lessons Learned - The EU's experience in this trade conflict underscores the importance of unity and decisive strategy in the face of trade bullying, as a lack of these elements led to unfavorable outcomes [5]. - Analysts suggest that the EU's failure to act decisively against U.S. tariffs reflects a broader lesson about the risks of not presenting a united front in international trade disputes [5].

当地时间7月27日，美国商务部长卢特尼克在接受采访时表示，美国将不再延长8月1日的加征关税期限。 "所以没有延期，也没有宽限期。8 月 1 日，关税已经确定。它们将开始实施。海关将开始收钱，然后我们就开始了，"卢特尼克说。 他还发文表示 ，美国总统特朗普开启了世界最大经济体之一的大门，欧盟将开放其20万亿美元的市场，并首次完全接受美国的汽车和工业标准。 此外，欧盟还将从美国购买7500亿美元的能源产品，并在美国投资6000亿美元，美国对欧盟输美产品的关税将全部设定为15%。 有官员补充说，特朗普在截止日期后仍然准备进行关税谈判。 相较之下，15%委实算是非常不错的关税税率了，其他国家正饱受高税点摧残，尤其是巴西最惨，"喜提"全品50%（详参：全部产品！最高50%！特朗普 再加税！）。 在过去的几周里，美国与英国、日本、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等多个国家达成了贸易协议。特朗普从本月早些时候开始就一直在发送关税信函。他还计划对 较小国家征收 10-15%关税（详参：事关"输美商品关税"！特朗普最新表态！）。 然而，与印度的谈判仍在进行中。印度和美国谈判代表之间的第五轮谈判于本月结束。据消息人士透露，华盛顿代表团将于下个 ...

Group 1 - The European Union (EU) has passed a €93 billion counter-tariff list against the US, indicating a significant escalation in trade tensions [1][8] - The counter-tariff list includes products like bourbon whiskey and Harley-Davidson motorcycles, targeting key political bases of President Trump [3] - The EU's response is a result of a breakdown in trust with the US, as previous cooperation did not yield the expected benefits [3][6] Group 2 - Germany's shift to a more hardline stance against the US is notable, contrasting its previous moderate position [3] - The EU's strong response reflects a broader geopolitical strategy, aiming to assert its influence in global trade rules [6][8] - The upcoming deadlines for negotiations (August 1 and August 7) could lead to a historic turning point in US-EU trade relations [8] Group 3 - The EU's economic recovery provides it with leverage in negotiations, but risks remain for key industries like automotive and aerospace [6] - The trade dispute signifies a profound change in transatlantic relations, with the EU employing unprecedented measures against the US [6][8] - The EU's approach to China may create new opportunities for cooperation, despite its ongoing reliance on NATO for security [6][4]

Core Insights - The article highlights a significant decline in China's imports of energy commodities from the U.S., with crude oil imports dropping from nearly $800 million last year to zero this year, and LNG shipments halted for four consecutive months [1][3] - The U.S. energy sector is facing unprecedented challenges, with the absence of Chinese buyers leading to a two-year low in U.S. crude oil exports [3][6] - The article discusses the strategic dilemma faced by the Trump administration, which oscillates between aggressive rhetoric and attempts at diplomatic engagement with China [4][6] Energy Trade Dynamics - China's imports of U.S. crude oil, LNG, and coal have plummeted due to tariffs imposed by the Chinese government, which include a 10% tariff on crude oil and 15% on coal and LNG [1][3] - The U.S. energy market has been significantly impacted, with Canadian and Middle Eastern suppliers filling the void left by the absence of U.S. energy exports to China [3][6] - The article emphasizes that the U.S. is losing the first round of the energy battle, as evidenced by the drastic drop in trade figures [3][6] U.S. Government Response - The U.S. Treasury Secretary's contradictory statements about trade negotiations with China reflect a lack of confidence in the U.S. position [4][6] - The Trump administration's threats to impose tariffs on countries purchasing Russian oil indicate a desperate attempt to regain leverage in the energy market [4][6] - The article suggests that the U.S. is caught in a bind, needing to balance tough rhetoric with the reality of economic interdependence with China [6][7] Strategic Implications - The article argues that the U.S. attempts to use sanctions to disrupt China's energy supply have backfired, as China has turned to cheaper Russian oil [6][9] - China's strategic response to U.S. pressures demonstrates a calculated approach, focusing on energy as a critical point of leverage while maintaining trade discussions [6][9] - The shift in U.S. rhetoric from aggression to a more conciliatory tone indicates a recognition of the unsustainable nature of a confrontational approach in the current global economic landscape [7][9]

Trade Negotiation Outlook - Trade negotiations between China and the US in Stockholm are expected to result in a three-month extension of the tariff truce [1] - Both countries are expected to commit to refrain from imposing additional tariffs or escalating the trade war [1] Key Issues - The US will likely express concerns regarding China's excess industrial capacity [1] - China is expected to pressure the US regarding fentanyl tariffs [1]

PVC：短期偏弱 商 品 研 究 2025 年 7 月 28 日 周五夜盘商品普遍大幅下跌，反内卷情绪减弱，短期情绪面和资金集中平仓影响仍较大，下周 PVC 预 计走势偏弱。PVC 在此轮反内卷过程中基本面并没有明显改善，考虑到 PVC 装置大多有持续维护升级改造， 目前反内卷政策也未涉及 PVC 行业，因此影响相对有限。 基本面看，PVC 行业利润在此轮反弹过程中大幅扩张。下半年看，供应端减产驱动不足，PVC 高产量， 高库存的结构难以缓解，因此市场后期仍会做空氯碱利润。此外，宏观方面关注 8 月份贸易战可能超预期 的风险。 高产量的结构短期难以改变：PVC 检修量低于 2023 年同期，高产量格局持续。一方面氯碱成本下滑， 另一方面 2025 年烧碱需求支撑尚可，维持较高利润，氯碱产业链以碱补氯，这也加大了 PVC 自身因亏损导 致大规模减产的难度。此外，未来仍有较多产能投产，尤其在 7-8 月将面临新增产能投放，预计投产达到 110 万吨，高产量格局短期难改变。 高库存的压力持续，出口需求也只能阶段性缓解：2025 年 PVC 出口市场竞争压力增大，出口仍会受印 度加征反倾销税和 BIS 认证影响，因此 ...

Market Overview - The Hang Seng Index is expected to rise towards 26,000 points due to a stable economic outlook in mainland China and a positive risk appetite in the Hong Kong market, despite limited improvement in corporate earnings [2][5] - The market remains active with capital rotating across different sectors, and new trade negotiations between China and the US are anticipated to ease trade tensions [2][7] Sector Focus - Key market focus includes Hong Kong's June import and export data and the performance of companies like WuXi AppTec (2359) [3] Macroeconomic Insights - The US Federal Reserve maintained interest rates in June, with an adjusted core PCE forecast for 2025-2027, indicating a cautious approach towards future inflation uncertainties [5] - The trade negotiations between the US and various countries are ongoing, with potential impacts on oil demand growth and international oil prices [5] Corporate News - Alibaba (9988) launched its first self-developed AI smart glasses, Quark Glasses, while JD.com (9618) initiated a plan to introduce 1,000 overseas brands within three years [7][10] - China Duty Free Group (1880) reported a 21% decline in net profit for the first half of the year, while China Resources Beverage (2460) issued a profit warning, expecting a 30% drop in net profit [7] Economic Indicators - The first half of 2025 saw a 1.8% decline in profits for industrial enterprises in mainland China, with state-owned enterprises experiencing a 7.6% drop [8] - The logistics costs in mainland China decreased, with the ratio of total logistics costs to GDP falling to 14% [8] Investment Climate - The Chinese government is focusing on stabilizing the market and enhancing regulatory measures to support economic recovery and growth [9] - The China Securities Regulatory Commission is working on improving corporate governance standards for listed companies [9]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core View of the Report The copper market presents a complex situation with a mix of neutral, bearish, and bullish factors. The copper price is expected to experience oscillatory adjustments due to factors such as a slowdown in Fed rate - cuts, rising inventories, ongoing geopolitical disturbances, and weak consumption during the off - season [3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Daily View - **Fundamentals**: Smelting enterprises are reducing production, and the scrap copper policy has been relaxed. In June, the manufacturing PMI was 49.5%, unchanged from the previous month, indicating stable manufacturing sentiment (neutral) [3]. - **Basis**: The spot price is 79,535, with a basis of 285, showing a premium over futures (neutral) [3]. - **Inventory**: On July 25, copper inventories increased by 3,700 to 128,475 tons, and SHFE copper inventories decreased by 11,133 tons to 74,423 tons compared to the previous week (neutral) [3]. - **Market trend**: The closing price is below the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average is moving downward (bearish) [3]. - **Main positions**: The main net positions are long, and the long positions are increasing (bullish) [3]. - **Expectation**: With a slowdown in Fed rate - cuts, rising inventories, geopolitical disturbances, and weak consumption during the off - season, the copper price will undergo oscillatory adjustments [3]. Recent利多利空Analysis - **Likely factors**: Domestic policy easing and trade - war escalation are the influencing logics, but specific利多 and利空 factors are not elaborated [4]. Supply - Demand Balance - The supply - demand situation in 2024 shows a slight surplus, and it will be in a tight balance in 2025 [21]. - The China annual supply - demand balance table shows production, import, export, apparent consumption, actual consumption, and supply - demand balance from 2018 to 2024. For example, in 2024, production is 12.06 million tons, imports are 3.73 million tons, exports are 0.46 million tons, apparent consumption is 15.34 million tons, actual consumption is 15.23 million tons, and there is a supply surplus of 0.11 million tons [23]. Other Information - **Spot**: Information on spot prices includes place, mid - price, price changes, and inventory types, but specific data is not filled in [7]. - **Exchange Inventory**: The report mentions exchange inventory, but no detailed analysis is provided [13]. - **Bonded Area Inventory**: Bonded area inventories are rising from a low level [15]. - **Processing Fees**: Processing fees are declining [17].

曾经不可一世的特朗普，如今为了能源出口，对中国频频示好，这出戏码，比好莱坞大片还精彩。 曾经挥舞关税大棒，如今却低声下气"求购"，这巨大 的反差令人唏嘘。 而这出戏剧的背后，是冰冷的海关数据——2025年6月，中国对美国原油、天然气、煤炭的进口额全部归零！ 中国早已未雨绸缪，早已做好了应对准备。 一位中国能源采购商坦言："美国货？ 早就不在我们采购清单上了！" 特朗普的如意算盘彻底落空了。 眼看着能源企业叫苦连天，特朗普终于坐不住了。 他含糊其辞地表示"不会太久"，这暗指他正被300亿美元的半年损失 逼得走投无路。 中国曾是美国能源最大的买家，2024年购买了价值740亿美元的原油和天然气。 如今，这块"肥肉"不翼而飞，美国的贸易逆差反而扩大 到4980亿美元。 更令人讽刺的是，美国页岩油革命正试图冲击"全球最大能源出口国"的宝座，却被自身的关税政策狠狠地绊了一跤。 中美经贸谈判依然暗流涌动。 下周，中美将在瑞典重启经贸谈判，中国副总理何立峰将率领代表团出席。 然而，美国财长耶伦却突然插手，声称要讨 论"中国购买俄伊石油资助战争"的问题——此举无疑激怒了中方，中方回应道："我们做生意，与你的地缘政治有何关系？ ...