Core Insights - The article discusses the challenges faced by state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the strategic emerging industries, particularly in new materials and renewable energy sectors, highlighting issues of supply-demand imbalance and ineffective growth despite increased investments [2][6][30]. Group 1: Industry Challenges - SOEs in the strategic emerging industries are experiencing a common issue of "supply-demand imbalance and ineffective growth," as noted by Liu Bing, a project leader in a new materials SOE [2]. - Many SOEs are still in the early stages of capital investment or output, with significant revenue opportunities yet to materialize [2]. - The National State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) has set a target for SOEs to achieve a 35% revenue share from strategic emerging industries by 2025 [5][32]. Group 2: Investment and Market Dynamics - Since 2025, SASAC has focused on key industries such as new energy vehicles and new materials, which are crucial for the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing sector [3]. - In 2023, central enterprises invested 2.18 trillion yuan in strategic emerging industries, marking a 32.1% year-on-year increase [14]. - Despite the optimistic market outlook for carbonates, the industry faces significant challenges, including low capacity utilization rates and inconsistent product quality [10][25]. Group 3: Financial Implications - The rapid expansion of production capacity has not been matched by market demand, leading to a decline in product prices and a significant drop in profitability for enterprises [23][27]. - In 2024, the overall operating rate of the carbonate industry was less than 40%, with profit margins expected to fall below 10%, significantly lower than the industry average [21][25]. - To address inventory buildup, companies have resorted to price reductions, but this strategy has not yielded the desired results, further exacerbating the industry's profitability issues [28][29]. Group 4: Strategic Considerations - SOEs must balance policy directives with market realities, as highlighted by concerns over potential market demand shortfalls impacting investment returns [32][34]. - The SASAC's push for SOEs to enter emerging industries aims to align with national strategies, but companies face challenges in meeting ambitious targets while ensuring economic viability [32][34]. - Liu Bing's team emphasizes the need to focus on quality and effectiveness in addition to meeting quantitative targets set by SASAC [34].

Core Viewpoint - Central state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are addressing the issue of stock prices falling below net asset value (known as "破净") by implementing valuation enhancement plans to boost company value and investor confidence [2][3] Group 1: Valuation Enhancement Plans - 27 central SOEs have disclosed targeted valuation enhancement plans this year, with over 50 SOEs revealing their market value management systems [2] - The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) emphasizes the importance of addressing the long-term "破净" issue as a key annual task [2] - Companies are focusing on improving core business operations as the primary task in their disclosed valuation enhancement plans [3] Group 2: Strategic Development Initiatives - China Electric Power Construction plans to develop strategic emerging industries such as offshore wind power, hydrogen energy, and artificial intelligence in engineering [3] - China State Construction Engineering is focusing on industrialization, digitalization, and green transformation to enhance its competitive edge [4] Group 3: Mergers and Acquisitions - High-quality mergers and acquisitions are seen as essential for optimizing business layout and expanding market share in the steel industry [5] - China Communications Construction Company is planning to integrate its subsidiaries to reduce costs and enhance efficiency [5][6] Group 4: Long-term Return Mechanisms - The "three-piece set" of dividends, share buybacks, and stock repurchases is crucial for enhancing investor returns and is a significant part of the market value management toolbox [7] - Daqin Railway plans to maintain a cash dividend ratio of at least 55% of net profit by 2025, while other companies like China Merchants Port and Shanghai Energy are also increasing their dividend payouts [7][8] Group 5: Market Stabilization Efforts - Since April, central SOEs have initiated share buybacks and repurchases exceeding 30 billion yuan to stabilize the capital market [8] - A rapid response mechanism has been established by many central SOEs to address market fluctuations effectively [8]

Group 1: Mechanical Industry - The mechanical industry is expected to see a recovery in prosperity from 2024 to Q1 2025, with revenue and profit growth in semiconductor equipment, engineering machinery, and robotics [1][2] - In 2024, the mechanical industry is projected to achieve a revenue of 2.3 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.9%, and a net profit of 123.24 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 11.1% [1] - By Q1 2025, the total revenue is expected to reach 522.08 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 8.8%, and a net profit of 38.33 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.1% [1] Group 2: Robotics and Semiconductor Equipment - The humanoid robot sector is anticipated to see significant profit growth, particularly in force sensors, bearings, and tendon drive components [2][3] - The transition from "multi-sensor fusion" to "body intelligence" in humanoid robots will create new demands for hardware and software technologies [3] - The semiconductor equipment sector is benefiting from domestic substitution and capital expenditure, with significant room for improvement in self-sufficiency due to geopolitical influences [3][4] Group 3: Engineering Machinery - The engineering machinery sector is expected to maintain high prosperity levels, driven by domestic demand and supportive fiscal policies [4] - Domestic sales of excavators are projected to continue increasing, despite some trade friction risks in exports [4] Group 4: Game Industry - The gaming industry is experiencing a recovery, with revenue growth starting from Q2 2024 and a significant increase in profits by Q1 2025 [6][8] - In 2024, the total revenue for the gaming industry reached 93.434 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.4%, while net profit decreased by 50% due to a drop in profit margins [7] - By Q1 2025, the gaming industry revenue is expected to reach 26.719 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21.6%, with net profit reaching 3.482 billion yuan, reflecting a strong recovery [8] Group 5: Lithium Battery Industry - The lithium battery sector is seeing significant profit concentration among leading battery manufacturers, with overall revenue in 2024 reaching 1.755 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.9% [11][12] - By Q1 2025, the lithium battery sector is projected to achieve a revenue of 414.084 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22.75%, with net profit reaching 28.717 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 51.11% [13] Group 6: Home Appliance Industry - The home appliance sector is expected to show strong performance, with overall revenue and net profit in 2024 increasing by 6% and 9%, respectively [15] - By Q1 2025, revenue and net profit are projected to increase by 14% and 22%, respectively, driven by domestic demand and export opportunities [15][16] Group 7: Pharmaceutical Industry - The pharmaceutical sector is experiencing a divergence in performance, with innovative drugs driving growth in the pharmaceutical segment [19][20] - In 2024, the overall revenue for the pharmaceutical sector is expected to decline by 1.5%, while net profit is projected to decrease by 12.5% [20][21] Group 8: Real Estate Industry - The real estate sector is witnessing a decline in profitability, with gross margins reaching a historical low of 13.8% in 2024 [25][26] - The sector is expected to stabilize in 2025, with improvements in gross margins as land acquisition costs decrease [25][27] Group 9: Coal Industry - The coal sector is facing significant pressure, with prices expected to reach a turning point in May 2025 [32][34] - The average selling price of self-produced coal is projected to decline by 10.9% in Q1 2025 compared to 2024, impacting overall profitability [33] Group 10: ETF Holdings - Institutional investors have significantly increased their holdings in ETFs, with a 38.8% year-on-year growth, reaching 1.54 trillion yuan by the end of 2024 [36][37] - The proportion of state-owned funds in ETF holdings has also increased, indicating a shift in investment strategies [36][37]

Group 1: CPI and Core CPI Trends - In April, the national Consumer Price Index (CPI) shifted from a decrease of 0.4% in the previous month to an increase of 0.1% [1] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy prices, rose by 0.5% year-on-year, indicating stable growth [1][4] - The increase in core CPI reflects the internal resilience of the economy, supported by ongoing macro policies [4] Group 2: Price Changes in Specific Sectors - Prices in the wearable smart device manufacturing sector increased by 3% year-on-year, while aircraft manufacturing prices rose by 1.3% [1][4] - Service prices showed a steady upward trend, with significant increases in travel-related services, such as airfares rising by 13.5% and hotel accommodation by 4.5% [2] - The prices of black metal smelting and non-metal mineral products saw a narrowing decline, indicating a recovery in demand due to infrastructure projects [5] Group 3: Energy Prices and Their Impact - International oil prices fell significantly due to production increases from countries like Saudi Arabia and Russia, leading to a 4.8% year-on-year decline in energy prices [3] - The drop in gasoline prices by 10.4% contributed approximately 0.38 percentage points to the year-on-year decline in CPI [2][3] Group 4: Policy Impacts on Consumption and Prices - Various policies aimed at boosting consumption and upgrading service quality have been implemented, contributing to the recovery of service consumption [2][5] - The ongoing promotion of trade diversification has led to price increases in certain export sectors, such as integrated circuit packaging, which rose by 2.7% year-on-year [5]

宏观日报 | 2025-05-09 关注基建行业相关投资项目开展 中观事件总览 生产行业：关注运输、基建投资项目推进。 1）国家发改委副主任郑备在新闻发布会上表示，民企促进法全文贯 穿了平等对待、公平竞争、同等保护、共同发展的原则，国家发展改革委将重点从破壁垒、拓空间、优服务等方 面推动落实。今年还将在交通运输、能源、水利、新型基础设施、城市基础设施等重点领域，推出总投资规模约3 万亿元的优质项目。 服务行业：云服务业务稳步增长。 1）工信部数据显示，今年一季度，我国软件和信息技术服务业稳健增长，完 成业务收入31479亿元，同比增长10.6%。分领域看，信息技术服务收入保持两位数增长，达到20820亿元，占全行 业收入近七成。其中，云计算、大数据服务共实现收入3540亿元，同比增长11.1%。一季度软件业务利润总额也保 持了两位数增长，达到11.6%。一季度软件业务出口增速由负转正，出口达到131亿美元，同比增长2.4%。 数据来源：央视新闻，iFind，华泰期货研究院 行业总览 上游：1）能源：国际油价受关税影响持续回落。2）有色：锌、铝、铅受关税影响价格震荡。3）建材：水泥、建 材价格持续回落。4）农业 ...

宏观日报 | 2025-05-09 关注基建行业相关投资项目开展 中观事件总览 生产行业：关注运输、基建投资项目推进。 1）国家发改委副主任郑备在新闻发布会上表示，民企促进法全文贯 穿了平等对待、公平竞争、同等保护、共同发展的原则，国家发展改革委将重点从破壁垒、拓空间、优服务等方 面推动落实。今年还将在交通运输、能源、水利、新型基础设施、城市基础设施等重点领域，推出总投资规模约3 万亿元的优质项目。 服务行业：云服务业务稳步增长。 1）工信部数据显示，今年一季度，我国软件和信息技术服务业稳健增长，完 成业务收入31479亿元，同比增长10.6%。分领域看，信息技术服务收入保持两位数增长，达到20820亿元，占全行 业收入近七成。其中，云计算、大数据服务共实现收入3540亿元，同比增长11.1%。一季度软件业务利润总额也保 持了两位数增长，达到11.6%。一季度软件业务出口增速由负转正，出口达到131亿美元，同比增长2.4%。 数据来源：央视新闻，iFind，华泰期货研究院 行业总览 2025年期货市场研究报告 第1页 请仔细阅读本报告最后一页的免责声明 上游：1）能源：国际油价受关税影响持续回落。2）有色：锌 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is that the People's Bank of China announced a reduction in the reserve requirement ratio and interest rates to stimulate economic growth and support employment amid weak economic data [1][3][4] - The reduction in the reserve requirement ratio by 0.5 percentage points is expected to release approximately 1 trillion yuan in long-term funds [4] - The cut in the re-lending rate by 0.25 percentage points aims to alleviate the financial pressure on small and medium-sized enterprises [4] Group 2 - The immediate impact on the stock market is expected to be positive, with sectors such as real estate, consumer goods, and high-debt industries likely to benefit from lower financing costs [5][6] - Historical comparisons show that after previous rate cuts, the A-share market has generally performed well, with the 10-year government bond yield dropping to 1.6%, the lowest since 2005 [8][9] - The potential for further interest rate cuts exists if economic conditions remain weak, with a possibility of a 10 basis point reduction in the third quarter [10][11] Group 3 - The real estate market may stabilize in first-tier cities, but there are still significant inventory pressures in third- and fourth-tier cities, indicating a divergence in recovery [11] - There is a high likelihood that deposit rates will follow suit and decrease, potentially pushing more funds into the stock market [12] - Investment strategies suggest a balanced approach with a focus on sectors like real estate, automotive, and technology, while avoiding export-dependent industries [13][15]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the **black metal industry**, focusing on **steel and iron ore** markets, along with macroeconomic factors affecting demand and supply dynamics. Key Points and Arguments Demand Trends - Rebar demand has decreased by **10%-15% year-on-year**, while hot-rolled coil apparent demand has declined by approximately **8% year-on-year**. This may reflect pessimistic export expectations or a resonance between reality and expectations, requiring further validation [1][2] - The market is concerned about whether iron and steel demand can maintain high levels. A decline in data could quickly reverse market confidence [1][3] Macroeconomic Factors - The decoupling between China and the U.S. remains unchanged, but tariff policies are influenced by political demands. The Trump administration may use tariffs to increase negotiation leverage and fiscal revenue, but reduced tax pressure could open negotiation space [1][5] - Domestic credit pulses are weak, indicating a fragile industrial cycle. Falling housing prices have created a negative feedback loop affecting corporate profits and cash flow, necessitating fiscal policy intervention [1][9] Real Estate Market Impact - The stability of second-hand housing prices in first-tier cities is crucial for the real estate chain. However, prices are still declining, indicating ongoing pressure in the real estate sector [1][11] Iron Ore Supply and Demand - There is a strong expectation of iron ore oversupply in early 2025, with forecasts suggesting a supply increase of **30-50 million tons**. However, adverse weather conditions in Australia have limited supply increases, and steel mills are maintaining high profitability [1][16] - If steel production reduction policies are implemented, it could negatively impact iron ore prices. Current statistics suggest that a **2% annual decrease** in crude steel production would require a daily reduction of **200,000 tons** of iron ore demand [1][16] Policy and Economic Outlook - The current fiscal policy focuses on accelerating existing projects rather than introducing new stimulus measures. This approach is deemed reasonable given the current economic data [1][10] - The impact of fiscal policies on black metal demand is primarily through the acceleration of special bonds and project funding, which may stimulate related industries [1][15] Market Sentiment and Future Expectations - The sentiment in the black metal market is cautious, with expectations of a systematic downturn in iron and steel production during the second and third quarters, accompanied by slight production cuts [1][4][38] - The overall market is not inclined to take long positions due to a lack of upward driving factors and ongoing uncertainties in trade policies [1][37] Export Dynamics - Domestic steel exports remain strong due to cost advantages, particularly in coking coal. However, high export levels may suppress price increases, necessitating a strategy of price competition [1][26] Inventory and Pricing - Iron ore inventories are currently high, and while some non-mainstream mines have reduced production, overall supply remains above expectations. Price performance is not anticipated to improve significantly in the context of ongoing oversupply [1][17] Conclusion - The black metal industry is facing a complex interplay of declining demand, macroeconomic pressures, and policy responses. The outlook for the second and third quarters suggests a cautious approach, with potential for further adjustments based on evolving market conditions and external factors [1][38]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In April, the sales of new energy vehicles increased. The estimated wholesale sales of new energy passenger vehicles by manufacturers nationwide in April were 1.14 million, a year - on - year increase of 42% and a month - on - month increase of 1%. The cumulative wholesale from January to April this year was estimated to be 4 million, a year - on - year increase of 42 [1]. - In the first quarter, under the support of a series of policies to expand domestic demand and promote consumption, large - scale light industrial enterprises achieved an operating income of 5.4 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 4.8%, and a profit of over 300 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 1.4% [1]. - In April, the China Logistics Prosperity Index was 51.1%. The overall demand for logistics services maintained an expansion trend, with a significant recovery in the western region. The fixed - asset investment completion index reached a three - year high, and both railway and waterway investments maintained rapid growth [1]. - During the "May Day" holiday, consumption demand was strong. The sales revenue of national consumption - related industries increased by 15.2% year - on - year. Driven by the "trade - in" policy, the sales revenue of household appliances and audio - visual equipment increased by 167.5% year - on - year, communication equipment increased by 118% year - on - year, and furniture increased by 1.7 times year - on - year [1]. - The credit spreads of the pharmaceutical and chemical industries have recently declined slightly [3]. Summary According to Related Catalogs Industry Overview Upstream - Energy: International oil prices continued to fluctuate due to tariffs [2]. - Non - ferrous metals: The prices of copper, zinc, and nickel fluctuated due to tariffs [2]. - Building materials: The prices of cement and building materials continued to decline [2]. - Chemical industry: The prices of PTA and soda ash declined compared to the same period last week [2]. Midstream - Chemical industry: The operating rate of PTA recovered; the operating rate of PX declined recently; the operating rates of polyester and urea were at this year's high [2]. - Infrastructure: The operating rate of asphalt reached a three - year low [2]. Downstream - Real estate: The sales of commercial housing in first - and second - tier cities were the same as the same period last year, at a three - year low [2]. - Services: The number of international flights increased, while the number of domestic flights decreased compared to the same period [2]. Market Pricing - The credit spreads of the pharmaceutical and chemical industries have recently declined slightly [3]. Industry Credit Spread Tracking | Industry | Last Year's Same Period | One Quarter Ago | One Month Ago | Last Week | This Week | Quantile | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, and Fishery | 69.91 | 82.75 | 79.77 | 76.10 | 77.76 | 9.80 | | Mining | 37.70 | 48.62 | 46.09 | 46.92 | 47.91 | 26.10 | | Chemical Industry | 68.63 | 69.46 | 66.11 | 62.01 | 63.09 | 3.30 | | Steel | 45.28 | 58.70 | 55.06 | 55.91 | 55.99 | 17.10 | | Non - ferrous Metals | 49.62 | 57.51 | 54.99 | 57.70 | 58.77 | 30.20 | | Electronics | 59.65 | 79.88 | 71.75 | 70.84 | 77.65 | 51.60 | | Automobile | 65.91 | 77.15 | 48.35 | 51.29 | 51.29 | 2.50 | | Household Appliances | 46.53 | 54.97 | 47.18 | 51.64 | 53.02 | 17.80 | | Food and Beverage | 44.33 | 44.75 | 44.82 | 45.90 | 45.51 | 14.70 | | Textile and Apparel | 51.60 | 63.87 | 52.58 | 54.15 | 55.00 | 12.90 | | Light Industry Manufacturing | 80.48 | 191.11 | 199.42 | 167.39 | 165.50 | 9.10 | | Pharmaceutical and Biological | 59.52 | 67.28 | 69.00 | 72.61 | 73.82 | 33.80 | | Public Utilities | 27.75 | 33.02 | 33.01 | 33.96 | 33.99 | 28.80 | | Transportation | 35.15 | 37.54 | 36.21 | 37.50 | 38.14 | 16.80 | | Real Estate | 417.18 | 333.93 | 158.87 | 126.02 | 125.70 | 8.70 | | Commerce and Trade | 51.18 | 53.14 | 49.64 | 51.14 | 51.36 | 15.20 | | Leisure Services | 70.79 | 103.17 | 111.30 | 124.07 | 127.15 | 100.00 | | Banking | 28.82 | 22.57 | 26.31 | 20.39 | 19.75 | 6.80 | | Non - banking Finance | 34.34 | 35.93 | 34.43 | 35.19 | 35.76 | 19.10 | | Comprehensive | 67.08 | 52.21 | 47.75 | 50.35 | 51.02 | 7.70 | | Building Materials | 38.98 | 47.52 | 45.49 | 46.85 | 47.38 | 25.60 | | Building Decoration | 47.99 | 57.41 | 54.00 | 55.04 | 56.84 | 19.00 | | Electrical Equipment | 60.42 | 85.96 | 82.28 | 80.41 | 83.45 | 48.10 | | Machinery and Equipment | 38.80 | 45.15 | 42.70 | 45.46 | 48.31 | 37.00 | | Computer | 72.69 | 73.92 | 64.40 | 62.63 | 62.98 | 2.00 | | Media | 229.75 | 46.00 | 46.89 | 46.31 | 46.41 | 4.60 | | Communication | 232.58 | 39.43 | 32.45 | 29.14 | 28.75 | 3.60 | [46] Key Industry Price Index Tracking | Industry Name | Index Name | Frequency | Unit | Update Time | Current Value | Year - on - Year | Past 5 - day Trend | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Agriculture | Spot price of corn | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 2282.9 | 1.33% | | | | Spot price of eggs | Daily | Yuan/kg | 5/7 | 6.6 | 2.22% | | | | Spot price of palm oil | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 8584.0 | - 2.01% | | | | Spot price of cotton | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 14124.3 | - 1.04% | | | | Average wholesale price of pork | Daily | Yuan/kg | 5/7 | 21.0 | 2.09% | | | | Spot price of copper | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 78520.0 | 0.46% | | | | Spot price of zinc | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 22758.0 | - 1.85% | | | Non - ferrous Metals | Spot price of aluminum | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 19630.0 | 2.26% | | | | Spot price of nickel | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 125683.3 | 0.52% | | | | Spot price of aluminum | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 16637.5 | - 1.41% | | | | Spot price of rebar | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 3177.2 | 0.81% | | | Ferrous Metals | Spot price of iron ore | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 781.4 | - 0.23% | | | | Spot price of wire rod | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 3377.5 | 1.43% | | | | Spot price of glass | Daily | Yuan/square meter | 5/7 | 15.2 | 2.57% | | | Non - metals | Spot price of natural rubber | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 14578.3 | 0.76% | | | | China Plastic City Price Index | Daily | - | 5/7 | 833.0 | - 0.86% | | | | Spot price of WTI crude oil | Daily | US dollars/barrel | 5/7 | 59.1 | 2.20% | | | | Spot price of Brent crude oil | Daily | US dollars/barrel | 5/7 | 62.2 | - 1.79% | | | Energy | Spot price of liquefied natural gas | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 4282.0 | 0.23% | | | | Coal price: coal | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 788.0 | - 0.38% | | | | Spot price of PTA | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 4552.8 | 1.38% | | | Chemical Industry | Spot price of polyethylene | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 7500.0 | - 0.88% | | | | Spot price of urea | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 1906.7 | 1.60% | | | | Spot price of soda ash | Daily | Yuan/ton | 5/7 | 1462.5 | - 2.66% | | | | National cement price index | Daily | - | 5/7 | 144.9 | - 2.24% | | | Real Estate | Building materials composite index | Daily | - | 5/7 | 116.1 | - 0.96% | | | | National concrete price index | Daily | Point | 5/7 | 100.3 | 0.00% | | [47]

Core Insights - Major project construction serves as a "ballast" for stable economic growth and a "strong engine" for high-quality economic development, significantly impacting local economic development [2] - Despite a slowdown in infrastructure investment since 2025, the scale remains substantial, with sand and gravel as essential construction materials facing both opportunities and challenges [2] Group 1: Opportunities in Major Projects - Large-scale infrastructure projects continue, including high-speed rail and highway networks, which create a stable market demand for sand and gravel [2] - The implementation of the "Three Major Projects" (affordable housing, urban village renovation, and dual-use infrastructure) is expected to release significant demand for sand and gravel, injecting new momentum into the industry [2] - As of early this year, 16 provinces and municipalities have announced investment plans for key projects in 2025, totaling over 13,000 projects with a combined investment exceeding 38 trillion yuan [2] Group 2: Regional Investment Plans - Beijing plans to advance 100 major projects in technology innovation, infrastructure, and public welfare, with a total investment of approximately 1.4 trillion yuan [5] - Shanghai has outlined 186 major projects with an investment plan of 240 billion yuan, focusing on technology, social welfare, and urban infrastructure [8] - Tianjin has identified 1,129 projects with a total investment of 2.02 trillion yuan, including 854 key construction projects [11] - Guangdong has set a target of 1,500 key projects with a total investment of about 9.2 trillion yuan [13] - Jiangsu plans to implement 500 major projects with an annual investment of 652.6 billion yuan [13] - Zhejiang aims to arrange 1,364 major projects with a total investment of 7.5 trillion yuan [16] - Anhui plans to initiate over 1,000 key projects with a total investment of 3.5 trillion yuan [17] - Shandong has listed 600 projects, emphasizing the importance of these projects for regional economic growth [20] - Henan has identified 1,037 key projects with a total investment of approximately 3.1 trillion yuan [23] - Hebei has outlined 703 projects with a total investment of 1.5 trillion yuan [25] - Shaanxi has planned 616 projects with a total investment of 28.76 trillion yuan [26] - Shanxi has listed 611 projects, focusing on industrial transformation and infrastructure [28] - Sichuan has identified 810 projects with an expected investment of 791.65 billion yuan [29] - Fujian has set 1,550 key projects with a total investment of 4.3 trillion yuan [31] - Hainan has planned 554 projects with a total investment of 854 billion yuan [32] - Ningxia has outlined 100 key projects with a total investment of 384.1 billion yuan [34]