Group 1: Report Summary - The report analyzes the settings of domestic and international stock-bond constant indices and their impacts on underlying assets and the asset management product ecosystem. Since 2024, China Securities Index Co., Ltd. has released a series of stock-bond constant indices, with 9 allocation strategies, 5 stock-bond ratio gradients, and a total of 39 stock-bond constant ratio indices [1][2][112]. - Stock indices in the stock-bond constant indices focus on 2 smart beta indices (dividend and cash flow) and the A500 index representing industry-balanced mid- and large-cap stocks. Bond indices correspond to a combination of medium- to high-grade credit and treasury and policy financial bond indices [1][2][112]. - From a 3-year perspective, stock-bond constant indices are in a low-drawdown, medium-elasticity range. The stock-bond ratio determines cost-effectiveness, the bond style determines the return bottom, and the equity index determines return elasticity. Historically, the 20:80 stock-bond constant index has a better risk-return ratio than many secondary bond funds [2][100][113]. Group 2: Background of Stock-Bond Constant Indices - In 1952, Harry M. Markowitz proposed the modern portfolio theory, providing a mathematical basis for asset allocation. Diversified asset allocation has become an important direction in wealth management, and multi-asset funds are key tools for implementing this strategy [15]. - The constant ratio strategy, especially the stock-bond constant ratio, is a common strategy in multi-asset index compilation. In the US market, the correlation between stocks and bonds varies with inflation and monetary policy. In the domestic market, stocks and bonds are mainly negatively correlated, and the correlation among stock indices has been decreasing [16][17][20]. Group 3: Basic Information and Risk-Return Characteristics of Stock-Bond Constant Indices 3.1 Basic Information of Stock-Bond Constant Series Indices - As of the end of November 2025, China Securities Index Co., Ltd. has released 100 multi-asset indices, covering strategies such as constant ratio, risk parity, volatility control, target date, and target risk [28]. - The newly released stock-bond constant series indices have 9 allocation strategies and 5 stock-bond ratio gradients, with a total of 39 indices. Stock indices focus on dividend and cash flow smart beta indices and the A500 index, while bond indices are a combination of medium- to high-grade credit and treasury and policy financial bond indices [32]. 3.2 Components and Industry Characteristics of Stock-Bond Constant Indices - The report focuses on the component stocks and sample adjustment of stock indices in stock-bond constant indices. For example, the CSI Dividend Index adjusts its samples once a year, and the CSI 800 Cash Flow Index adjusts quarterly [43][50]. - There are differences in the component stocks among the CSI Dividend Index, CSI 800 Cash Flow Index, and CSI A500 Index. The A500 Index emphasizes industry balance, while the Dividend Index is more concentrated in the financial and energy sectors [58]. 3.3 Return, Volatility, and Drawdown Performance of Stock-Bond Constant Indices - In the past 3 years, the CSI 800 Cash Flow Index has a higher annualized return, followed by dividend-related indices, and the A500 Index has the lowest return among the three. Among bond indices, medium- to high-grade credit bonds have a higher return-volatility ratio [61]. - In the past year, the performance of these indices has changed. The growth style represented by innovation has outperformed the dividend style, and the A500 Index has exceeded the CSI 800 Cash Flow and dividend-related indices in terms of return [74]. Group 4: Comparison between Stock-Bond Constant Indices and Active Fixed-Income Plus Products - Stock-bond constant indices have strong defensive capabilities. Based on the long-term weak negative correlation between stocks and bonds, the 10/90 and 20/80 stock-bond constant indices can reduce volatility and enhance portfolio defense [93]. - In the past three years, the overall return of stock-bond constant indices has been better than that of the WIND Secondary Bond Fund Equal-Weighted Index, and their volatility is lower. The 20:80 stock-bond constant index performs better than most secondary bond funds in the same maximum drawdown range [96][100]. - If stock-bond constant ETFs are launched, due to their low fees and high liquidity, some funds may switch from secondary bond funds to stock-bond constant ETFs, which may cause passive selling of secondary capital bonds and local structural frictions [106][108].

Core Viewpoint - The recent adjustments in insurance company risk factors are expected to encourage long-term allocations in quality equity assets, particularly in dividend stocks, as institutional investors increase their equity asset allocations amid a supportive policy framework [1][25]. Group 1: Market Trends and Fund Flows - The China Securities Dividend ETF (515080) saw a net subscription of 59.78 million yuan yesterday, with a cumulative net subscription of 125 million yuan over the past three days [1]. - The insurance sector is anticipated to allocate 30% of new premiums to A-shares annually, with December to the first quarter being a traditional allocation window for insurance funds [25]. Group 2: Policy Implications - The recent notification from the Financial Regulatory Bureau regarding the adjustment of risk factors for insurance companies aligns with the trend of increasing investment in dividend stocks by insurance firms [2][25]. - The policy focus is on capital market and consumption policies, with an emphasis on stimulating domestic demand and supporting emerging industries [25]. Group 3: Dividend Stock Analysis - Huatai Securities estimates that the industry is currently under-allocated in dividend stocks by approximately 0.8 to 1.6 trillion yuan, which may be addressed in the next two to three years [2]. - The average dividend yield of the newly included stocks in the index is 4.15%, compared to 3.89% for those being removed, indicating a trend towards higher-yielding stocks [20]. Group 4: Performance Metrics - The latest PE ratio for the China Securities Dividend Index is 8.48 times, with a historical percentile of 98.43% over the past five years [14]. - The China Securities Dividend Total Return Index has shown a 40-day return difference of 1.54% relative to the Wind All A Index as of December 5 [8].

- The report aims to enhance the original "Defensive and Offensive Dividend Strategy" by incorporating a rotation mechanism based on macroeconomic expectations, adjusting the weights of defensive and offensive scores during the second screening step[3][11][18] - The original strategy involves a two-step stock selection process: first, selecting the top 30% of stocks with high defensive scores from a high-dividend stock pool, and second, selecting the top 30 or 50 stocks based on offensive scores[18] - Defensive score is calculated as: $ 0.5 \times \text{3-year average dividend yield TTM} + 0.3 \times \text{480-day downside volatility} + 0.2 \times \text{3-year non-recurring ROE mean/standard deviation} $[75] - Offensive score is calculated as: $ 0.5 \times \text{forecast dividend yield} + 0.3 \times \text{relative momentum 240_20} + 0.2 \times \text{single-quarter non-recurring net profit year-on-year} $[75] - The enhanced strategy retains the first step of the original strategy and adjusts the weights of defensive and offensive scores based on macroeconomic expectations in the second step[11][74] - When macroeconomic expectations are revised upwards, the strategy selects the top 30 stocks based on offensive scores; when revised downwards, it selects the top 30 stocks based on a combination of 50% offensive and 50% defensive scores[74] - The enhanced strategy shows improved drawdown control, with the maximum drawdown reduced from 27.88% to 24.37% over the entire period from early 2016 to November 7, 2025[11][80][81] - The annualized return of the enhanced strategy is slightly improved, and the annualized volatility is slightly reduced compared to the original strategy[11][80][81] - The enhanced strategy's performance is evaluated by comparing annual returns, maximum drawdowns, and annualized volatility with the original strategy[80][81][82]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of dividend strategies in investment, highlighting their ability to provide stable returns and lower volatility compared to other investment options, especially in the context of changing market sentiments over the past decade [1][2]. Summary by Sections Dividend Strategy Overview - The dividend strategy has shown a cumulative increase of 150.71% over the past decade, significantly outperforming the CSI 300 total return index (41.73%) and the Wind All A index (42.88%) [1]. - The dividend strategy is considered suitable for family asset allocation as a foundational asset [1]. Value Investment Principles - Value investing focuses on long-term cash flow returns, as defined by Graham in "Security Analysis," emphasizing the importance of cash flow over the type of asset [3]. - Buffett's distinction between investors and speculators highlights the focus on cash flow generation and the quality of business models [3]. Indicators of Dividend Stocks - High dividend yield indicates a company's ability to generate consistent cash flow and suggests a strong business model with good governance [4]. - Historical data shows that companies like Philip Morris have provided substantial returns through consistent cash flow and dividends, even during industry downturns [4]. Suitable Indices for Long-term Investment - Three indices suitable for long-term investment include the National Value 100 Total Return Index, National Free Cash Flow Total Return Index, and CSI Dividend Total Return Index, all showing lower volatility and higher returns [10][18]. - The National Free Cash Flow Total Return Index has the highest annualized return of 16.8% over the past decade, while the CSI Dividend Total Return Index has the lowest volatility at 17.6% [11][12]. Investment Strategies - A balanced approach to investing in the three indices can optimize returns and reduce volatility, with a proposed "index allocation combination" yielding a 262% return over the past decade [20][22]. - Investors can customize their allocations based on the characteristics of each index, using the CSI Dividend Index for defensive positions and the National Free Cash Flow Index for growth opportunities [23][24]. ETF Recommendations - Recommended ETFs include the Value ETF tracking the National Value 100 Index, the Free Cash Flow ETF tracking the National Free Cash Flow Index, and the Dividend ETF tracking the CSI Dividend Index, all designed to align with value investing principles [27].

Core Viewpoint - The China Securities Dividend ETF (515080) is set to distribute dividends for the third quarter, with a dividend of 0.15 yuan per ten shares, reflecting a distribution ratio of 0.95% [1][15]. Dividend Distribution - This marks the 14th dividend distribution since the ETF's inception, with a cumulative dividend amount of 3.65 yuan per ten shares [1][15]. - The annual dividend ratios for the past five years (2020-2024) were 4.53%, 4.14%, 4.19%, 4.78%, and 4.66% respectively [1][15]. Market Trends - Recent market conditions have seen a return of funds to high-dividend stocks, with the China Securities Dividend ETF experiencing a net subscription of 134 million yuan over four consecutive days [1]. - The 40-day return differential of the China Securities Dividend Index relative to the Wind All A Index was -12.25% as of September 12, indicating underperformance compared to the broader market [1][6]. Investment Insights - Long-term investment strategies are being bolstered by policies encouraging insurance companies to increase their equity holdings, potentially adding several hundred billion yuan to the A-share market annually [2][17]. - The current dividend yield of the China Securities Dividend Index is 4.86%, significantly higher than the 10-year government bond yield of 1.87%, enhancing the attractiveness of dividend-paying assets [9][12]. Performance Metrics - The latest price-to-earnings (PE) ratio for the China Securities Dividend Index is 8.18, with historical percentiles indicating a high valuation relative to the past five and ten years [12][19]. - The China Securities Dividend Index has shown varied performance over the last five years, with annual returns of 3.49% (2020), 13.37% (2021), -5.45% (2022), 0.89% (2023), and 12.31% (2024) [19].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising popularity of dividend index funds, highlighting their unique investment value and the challenges investors face in selecting suitable products in a diverse market [3][4]. Group 1: Investment Value of Dividend Index Funds - Dividend index funds are characterized by their investment value, typically derived from companies with strong profitability, stable cash flow, and consistent dividend payments, such as leading firms in banking, transportation, and energy sectors [6]. - These companies can maintain a certain level of dividends even during market fluctuations or short-term performance declines, providing a buffer against stock price drops [7]. - From January 2007 to December 2024, the annualized return of the CSI Dividend Total Return Index was 10.32%, significantly outperforming the 5.52% return of the CSI 300 Total Return Index [8]. - The annualized volatility of the CSI Dividend Total Return Index over the last five years was 16.66%, lower than the 19.33% of the CSI 300 Total Return Index, indicating stronger return stability during market fluctuations [9][12]. Group 2: Evolution and Types of Dividend Index Funds - The number of dividend index funds in China has grown significantly, with only three funds launched from 2006 to 2016, but a surge in issuance occurred from 2017 to 2020 [14][15]. - As of the first quarter of 2025, there were 87 dividend index funds with a total scale of 153.9 billion, representing a 2211.68% increase since the end of 2007 [16]. - Different types of funds focus on various aspects of dividends, including traditional broad-based funds tracking indices like the CSI Dividend Index, and Smart Beta funds that enhance factors like low volatility and quality [20][21]. - Some funds specifically target state-owned enterprises, which are known for their stable earnings and increasing dividend payout intentions, making them a reliable source of dividends [22]. Group 3: Selecting Dividend Index Funds - Investors should consider the characteristics of different types of dividend index funds, with traditional broad-based funds serving as a foundational investment, while Smart Beta funds cater to specific needs [25]. - It is essential to evaluate the scale and liquidity of index funds, as smaller funds may face liquidation risks and poor liquidity can hinder trading at favorable prices [26]. - Tracking error is a critical factor, with lower tracking errors indicating better performance in reflecting the underlying index [26]. Group 4: Importance of Fee Rates - Fee rates are a significant consideration, as seemingly minor differences can substantially impact long-term investment returns, especially for index investments focused on compounding [28]. - Despite a trend of lowering fees in the public fund industry in 2024, many newly established dividend index funds still maintain relatively high management fees of 0.5% and custody fees of 0.1% [29]. - The high fee rates may be linked to the recent popularity of dividend assets, allowing fund companies to command higher pricing power during product launches [29].

Group 1 - The cash flow index has shown weak performance in 2025, primarily due to the profit fluctuations in the coal and petrochemical industries leading to valuation adjustments [5][10][29] - The absolute return of the cash flow index is significantly lower compared to historical averages, with the National and CSI cash flow total return indices yielding 4.1% and 4.6% respectively, while the broader market (Wande All A) returned 13% [5][10] - The banking sector's absence has been a major drag on the cash flow index's relative performance against the dividend index, which has benefited from strong bank contributions [29][30] Group 2 - The value strategy should not only focus on the level of ROE but also on the stability of ROE to enhance returns and mitigate volatility during periods of declining profitability [7][18] - The Huachuang strategy's cash flow combination has achieved a cumulative return of 31% from April 2024 to August 2025, outperforming benchmarks significantly [7][20] - The cash flow index tends to favor large-cap stocks, which has contributed to its underperformance in small-cap favorable market conditions [30][31] Group 3 - The expectation of a return to inflation could lead to the cash flow index outperforming both the dividend index and the broader market, as historical patterns suggest [31] - The cash flow index's performance is expected to improve as M1 growth has been rising for three consecutive quarters, indicating a potential shift in asset allocation logic [31]

Core Viewpoint - The recent cautious sentiment in the market has led investors to focus on defensive indices that can effectively manage portfolio drawdowns while capturing structural opportunities [1][2]. Dividend Indices - Since 2021, dividend indices characterized by high dividend yields and stable payouts have attracted significant capital [2]. - The CSI Dividend Total Return Index has achieved a cumulative return of 276.45% since 2014, outperforming the CSI 300 Total Return Index, which recorded a gain of 108.54% during the same period [2][4]. - The index has shown a strong ability to "weather bull and bear markets," with a positive return probability of 73% over 11 years, compared to 55% for the CSI 300 [4]. Low Volatility Dividend Index - The Low Volatility Dividend Index has enhanced its annualized return to 13.29% by incorporating a low volatility factor, achieving a cumulative return of 294.21% [4][5]. - This strategy has a single-year win rate of 91%, providing a better option for risk-averse investors [4]. Free Cash Flow Indices - Free cash flow is a critical metric for assessing a company's ability to generate real earnings after maintaining operations and capital expenditures [5]. - The National Free Cash Flow Index has achieved an annualized return of 19.03% since 2014, with a cumulative return of 578.83%, significantly outperforming the CSI 300's annualized return of 6.91% [5][9]. - Even during the volatile period from 2021 to 2023, the index recorded a cumulative increase of 103.74% [5]. Strategy Comparison - In a low-interest-rate environment, both dividend and free cash flow strategies have become focal points for investors seeking stable and potential investment directions [9][10]. - Dividend strategies tend to select mature companies with lower growth expectations, while free cash flow strategies can identify companies with both cash flow generation and reinvestment capabilities [10]. Index Performance Summary - The performance of various indices from 2014 to 2024 shows that the CSI Dividend Index and the National Free Cash Flow Index have consistently outperformed the CSI 300 in terms of cumulative returns and annualized returns [8][12]. - The positive return probabilities for these indices are notably higher, with the Low Volatility Dividend Index achieving a 91% win rate [8][12]. Conclusion - For investors seeking stable dividends, the CSI Dividend Index is a suitable choice, while those willing to accept some volatility for potentially higher long-term returns may find the Free Cash Flow Index more appealing [12].