证券研究报告 | 债券专题报告 2025 年 7 月 13 日 如何应对股债"跷跷板" ——信用债策略周报 一、股市走强对债市带来短期调整压力，信用利差大多被动收窄 上周受股市上涨影响，利率债有所调整，由于信用债调整幅度不及利率债，信用 利差大多被动收窄。其中短久期利差收窄幅度较大，1 年期各评级中短票利差全 周累计收窄 5-7bp，3 年期和 5 年期中高评级中短票利差收窄 1-2bp，7 年期各 评级中短票利差走阔 2bp 以内。分品种来看，1 年期二永债利差收窄幅度小于 其他信用品种，3 年期各评级二永债利差均走阔。1）城投债：上周城投债信用 利差大多收窄，短久期利差收窄幅度较大。1 年期各评级城投债利差全周累计收 窄 5bp；2）金融债：上周二永债信用利差表现分化，1 年期各评级二永债利差 均小幅收窄，但幅度小于其他信用品种，3 年期二永债利差均走阔，幅度为 2bp 以内。此外 7 年期券商次级债信用利差走阔约 3bp。 二、信用债二级成交情况：整体换手率有所回落，各品种 TKN 占比均下降 上周信用债整体换手率从上周的 2.36%降至 2.21%（降幅 0.15 个百分点），反 映市场交投活跃度有所 ...

证券研究报告 | 2025年07月13日 债市阿尔法追踪 6 月：债市普遍上涨，超长债涨势突出 主要结论：不考虑票息收益，行业维度来看，交运行业债券净价涨幅靠前， 单月上涨 0.12%，存在一定的α。期限维度来看，6 月 10 年期以上国债和地 方政府债存在正α。次级维度来看，6 月商业银行次级债存在明显阿尔法。 6 月各品种收益率全景：6 月债市普遍上涨。利率债方面，6 月全部利率债收 益率下行，国债、国开债和地方政府债收益率平均下行 7BP、5BP 和 5BP。信 用债方面，几乎全部信用债品种收益率下行，其中 20 年期、隐含评级 AA+ 城投债收益率平均下行 17BP，为信用债下行幅度最大的品种。 行业阿尔法追踪：行业维度来看，6 月全部行业信用债上涨，平均净价涨跌 幅为 0.07%，其中交运行业债券净价涨幅靠前，单月上涨 0.12%，存在一定 的α。城投债和地产债平均净价上涨 0.03%，为涨幅相对较小的行业。 期限阿尔法追踪：6 月 10 年期以上国债和地方政府债存在正α。数据显示， 6 月 10 年以上国债上涨 1.1%、地方政府债上涨 0.93%，涨幅显著超过其他利 率债品种。其原因主要是超长利 ...

证 券 研 究 报 告 【债券周报】 逢高配置高票息——信用周报 20250712 信用策略：继续挖掘利差，长端品种等待右侧机会 1、对于负债端稳定性偏弱机构，继续关注 2-3y 中低等级品种，同时重点配置 部分 4-5y 高票息、中等资质个券。对于长久期信用债，配置盘仍可从票息角 度出发积极配置，交易盘参与博弈需等待时机，观察股债翘板扰动过后的机构 配置力量变化，若配置力量有所恢复，可参与右侧机会。 2、对于负债端稳定性较强机构，可发挥负债稳定优势拉久期，积极配置长久 期品种，票息策略优先。当前 7y 隐含评级 AA+品种、10-15y 隐含评级 AA+及 以上品种收益率处于 2.04-2.39%区间内，有票息挖掘空间，可重点关注。 重点政策及热点事件： 1、深圳市龙光控股有限公司公告将对 21 笔债券的本息偿付安排进行调整， 并提供包括全额转换特定资产、资产抵债、现金回购、股票等重组方案选项。 今年以来房企债务重组持续释放积极信号，多家房企债务重组节奏明显加快， 风险出清提速。 2、中国财经报发表文章提及甘肃全力以赴"防爆雷"，设立规模 100 亿元的省 级应急周转资金池，省级财政筹措资金 20 亿元，按 ...

债券研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 【债券月报】 长久期信用债后续如何参与，何时止盈？ ——7 月信用债策略月报 5 月下旬以来信用债挖票息行情向长端演绎，长久期信用债净买入规模明显放 量，市场参与热情较高。去年资产荒行情极致演绎下长久期信用债在同期时点 也走出了独立行情，但去年 8 月后债市波动较大，长久期信用债流动性不足的 风险暴露，估值出现明显调整。今年机构参与长端品种相对谨慎、关注止盈时 点，近期股债翘板效应扰动债市，后续长久期信用债如何参与？ 长久期信用债行情演绎期间机构参与情况如何？ 机构净买入力量是影响长久期信用债行情演绎的重要因素。1）5-7y 中票：去 年长久期信用债行情演绎阶段机构净买入量较前期涨幅较小，但部分时点规模 相对较高，进一步推动了其利差收窄。今年 5 月下旬以来净买入量明显增长， 机构行为对该期限区间的行情驱动较去年或有增强。2）7-10y 中票：基金净买 入力量的波动是影响利差变化的重要因素，两轮长久期信用债行情中基金连续 大规模净买入的同时信用利差也出现快速收窄，而在去年 8 月中下旬基金转 为大规模净卖出，利差开始出现快速大幅走阔。3）10y 以上中票：今年基金参 与力量有 ...

Core Viewpoint - Nuveen anticipates that the second half of 2025 will face dual pressures of economic slowdown and policy uncertainty, prompting investors to reassess asset allocation strategies focusing on robust fundamentals, defensive characteristics, and spread advantages to enhance return potential and mitigate risks [1][2] Global Economic Outlook - The global investment committee of Nuveen expects potential interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve in September and December, but inflation driven by tariffs may lead to a pause in easing [1] - The European Central Bank is expected to pause after previous rate cuts, while the Bank of Japan is likely to raise rates once [1] Asset Allocation Strategy - Nuveen recommends focusing on assets driven by spreads and reducing reliance on risk-free rates, with municipal bonds attracting long-term investors due to a steep yield curve [1] - The real estate market is gradually recovering after two years of stagnation, with strong demand observed in medical office spaces, grocery retail properties, and affordable housing [1] Stock Market Insights - Large U.S. tech companies are benefiting from the expansion of AI, increased demand for data centers, and power generation, leading to an upgrade in market positioning [1] - Defensive sectors such as finance and infrastructure are highlighted, while European equities present long-term value; emerging markets are becoming less attractive due to trade policy impacts [1] Investment Strategies - Nuveen advises investors to adopt a broadly diversified and actively managed strategy to navigate policy changes and economic slowdowns [2] - Preferred loans and securities are favored for their attractive valuations and solid credit quality, while investment-grade corporate bonds are viewed less favorably due to narrowing spreads [2] Real Estate Sector Focus - Nuveen continues to explore opportunities arising from demographic and educational diversity, with a positive outlook on medical, industrial, and residential sectors [2] - The office market faces challenges, with vacancy rates expected to improve but recovery still requiring time; real estate bonds currently offer valuation advantages over real estate stocks [2] Infrastructure Investment Preferences - Nuveen prefers public-private projects, particularly in electricity, utilities, and energy storage investments [2] - Agricultural land assets are seen as an inflation hedge, although returns are expected to slow in 2025, especially for grain crops affected by tariff pressures [2]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content found Group 2: Core Viewpoints of the Report - As of July 7, 2025, the valuation yields and spreads of private enterprise real estate bonds and industrial bonds in the outstanding credit bonds are generally higher than those of other varieties. Compared with last week, the yields of non - financial and non - real estate industrial bonds and real estate bonds have generally declined, and the short - end varieties of non - financial and non - real estate industrial bonds have a larger decline. Among them, the 1 - 2 - year public and 1 - year private non - perpetual bonds of private enterprises have declined by 19.6BP and 14.2BP respectively. The 2 - year private enterprise real estate bonds are more popular [3][8]. - In financial bonds, the varieties with high valuation yields and spreads include urban and rural commercial bank capital supplementary tools and leasing company bonds. Compared with last week, the yields of financial bonds have generally declined. For example, the yields of 3 - 5 - year non - perpetual leasing bonds have declined by more than 8.5BP, and the yields of 1 - year joint - stock bank secondary perpetual bonds have declined by nearly 13BP [4][8]. - In public offering urban investment bonds, the weighted average valuation yields of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces are both below 2.3%. The urban investment bonds with yields exceeding 4.5% are in prefecture - level cities and districts and counties of Guizhou. The spreads in Yunnan, Gansu and other regions are also relatively high. Compared with last week, the yields of public offering urban investment bonds have basically declined, and the average yield of varieties within 1 year has declined by 11.5BP [2][16]. - In private placement urban investment bonds, the weighted average valuation yields of coastal provinces such as Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Fujian are below 2.7%. The varieties with yields higher than 4% appear in prefecture - level cities of Guizhou and Shaanxi. The spreads in Yunnan, Gansu, Heilongjiang and other regions are also relatively high. Compared with last week, the yields of private placement urban investment bonds have mainly declined [2]. Group 3: Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 1. Overall Outstanding Credit Bonds - The weighted average valuation yields and spreads of private enterprise real estate bonds and industrial bonds are generally higher than those of other varieties. The yields of non - financial and non - real estate industrial bonds and real estate bonds have generally declined, and the short - end varieties of non - financial and non - real estate industrial bonds have a larger decline. The yields of financial bonds have also generally declined [3][4][8]. - The data in the table shows the weighted average valuation yields, spreads, and their changes compared with last week of different types of bonds (including urban investment bonds, non - financial and non - real estate industrial bonds, real estate bonds, financial bonds, etc.) under different issuance methods (public offering and private placement) and different maturities [9][12][13]. 2. Public Offering Urban Investment Bonds - The weighted average valuation yields of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces are below 2.3%, while those in Guizhou's prefecture - level cities and districts and counties exceed 4.5%. The spreads in Yunnan, Gansu and other regions are relatively high. The yields have basically declined compared with last week, and the 1 - year varieties have an average decline of 11.5BP. The varieties with a large decline in yields include 1 - year non - perpetual bonds of Jiangsu provincial level, 1 - year perpetual bonds of Hebei provincial level, etc. [2][16]. - The table shows the weighted average valuation yields, spreads, and their changes compared with last week of public offering urban investment bonds at different administrative levels in various regions [17][19][21]. 3. Private Placement Urban Investment Bonds - The weighted average valuation yields of coastal provinces such as Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Fujian are below 2.7%. The varieties with yields higher than 4% appear in prefecture - level cities of Guizhou and Shaanxi. The spreads in Yunnan, Gansu, Heilongjiang and other regions are relatively high. The yields have mainly declined compared with last week, and the varieties with a large decline in yields include 1 - year perpetual bonds of Shandong district and county level, etc. [2]. - The table shows the weighted average valuation yields, spreads of private placement urban investment bonds at different administrative levels in various regions [25][28].

固定收益周报 收益率下行，评级利差普遍处于历史低位 ――信用债周报 分析师：李济安 SAC NO：S1150522060001 2025 年 7 月 8 日 核心观点： 本期（6 月 30 日至 7 月 6 日）交易商协会公布的发行指导利率多数下行， 整体变化幅度为-14 BP 至 2 BP。本期信用债发行规模环比下降，其中，企业 债、短期融资券发行金额增加，公司债、中期票据、定向工具发行金额减少； 信用债净融资额环比增加，中期票据净融资额减少，其余品种净融资额增加， 企业债、定向工具净融资额为负，公司债、中期票据、短期融资券净融资额 为正。二级市场方面，本期信用债成交金额环比下降，短期融资券成交金额 增加，其余品种成交金额均减少。收益率方面，本期信用债收益率全部下行。 信用利差方面，中短期票据、企业债、城投债信用利差多数收窄。分位数来 看，各等级基本处于历史低位，配置性价比不高，部分 AAA 级 5 年期品种 信用利差处于 10%左右分位，仍有少量压缩空间。绝对收益角度来看，供给 不足和相对旺盛的配置需求对信用债走强形成持续支撑，尽管多空因素影响 下震荡调整难以避免，但长远来看未来收益率仍在下行通道，鉴于当 ...

晨会纪要（2025/07/03） 编辑人 022-28451618 SAC NO：S1150511010016 cuijian@bhzq.com 崔健 渤海证券研究所晨会纪要（2025.07.03） 固定收益研究 金融工程研究 主要指数全部上涨，两融余额小幅上升——融资融券周报 行业研究 央行释放积极信号，中东局势出现缓和——金属行业周报 杭州机器人展成功举办，关注人形机器人量产节奏——机械设备行业 7 月投 证 券 研 究 报 告 晨 会 纪 收益率整体下行，高等级拉久期仍有空间——信用债 7 月投资策略展望 请务必阅读正文之后的声明 渤海证券股份有限公司具备证券投资咨询业务资格 1 of 6 要 资策略展望 晨会纪要（2025/07/03） 固定收益研究 收益率整体下行，高等级拉久期仍有空间——信用债 7 月投资策略展望 李济安（证券分析师，SAC NO：S1150522060001） 王哲语（证券分析师，SAC NO：S1150524070001） 1、核心观点 6 月各期限发行指导利率多数下行，整体变化幅度为-16 BP 至 4 BP。6 月信用债发行规模环比增长，各品种 发行金额均环比增加；信用债净 ...

经济观察报 记者 田国宝 常军是一名高收益债券投资人。他投资的一笔债券在2024年展期时，发行人为债券提供了两项增信措施：一笔2亿元的应收款和一个房地产项目公司的股 权。按照当时市场价格估算，这两项增信资产足以覆盖债券余额。 2亿元应收款原定于2025年5月底回款，发行人承诺优先用于偿债。但在回款前夕，发行人的另一名债权人通过司法途径要求直接划扣该笔应收款。虽然案件 仍在审理中，但回款已遥遥无期。 债券的另一项增信资产也面临不确定性。常军了解得知，该房地产项目在作为增信资产前，其项目公司股权及底层资产已质押给两家金融机构。即使处置增 信资产，债券持有人也只是第三顺位的受益人。 与常军有类似遭遇的债券投资人不在少数。2022年至2024年，为了避免爆雷，多数民营房企对债券进行展期，并提供了增信措施。但由于外部环境变化及内 部程序履行不到位等原因，部分债券的增信资产已处于"失效"状态。 增信悬空 常军投资的债券本金余额不足10亿元，增信资产包括两项：一是2亿元的应收款；二是价值超过20亿元的房地产项目股权。从账面价值看，即使发行人违 约，债权人理论上可通过处置增信资产收回投资。 实际情况并非如此。两项资产作为债券 ...

截至 2025 年 6 月 16 日，存量信用债估值及利差分布特征如下： 公募城投债中，江浙两省加权平均估值收益率均在 2.4%以下；收益率超过 4.5%的城投债出现在贵州地级市及区县级； 其余区域中，云南、甘肃等地的利差也较高。与上周相比，公募城投债收益率普遍下行，3-5年品种平均下行达到3.7BP。 具体来看，收益下行幅度较大的品种的包括 1 年内内蒙古地级市非永续、1-2 年吉林区县级非永续、1-2 年黑龙江地 级市非永续及 3-5 年吉林地级市非永续城投债。 私募城投债中，上海、浙江、广东、福建等沿海省份的加权平均估值收益率在 2.8%以下；收益率高于 4%的品种出现 在贵州、陕西地级市、云南地级市及区县级；其余的甘肃、黑龙江等地的利差也较高。与上周相比，私募城投债收益 率基本下行，2-3 年、3-5 年品种平均下行 3BP、5BP 之多。具体来看，收益率下行幅度较大的有 1 年内辽宁地级市非 永续、3-5 年广西区县级非永续、3-5 年青海区县级非永续、3-5 年河北地级市永续债，分别对应下行 20.6BP、19.9BP、 18.6BP 和 13.7BP。 存量信用债中，民企地产债和产业债估值收益率 ...