债券研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 【债券周报】 关注中短端品种结构性机会 ——信用周报20251214 （3）4-5y 品种：收益率主要分布在 2.0%-2.5%区间，利差在 22-60BP 区间。 近期债市波动放大，利空因素扰动下 4-5y 品种信用利差有所走阔，票息配置 性价比边际回升。近期可适当关注波动市场中利差较高品种的结构性机会，逢 高配置票息资产，其中 3-4yAA+银行二永债与保险次级利差较高可优先关注。 （4）5y 以上品种：中高等级品种收益率主要分布在 2.25%-2.8%区间，利差在 25-60BP 区间。仍具备一定票息优势，但考验负债端稳定性，需凭借负债端稳 定性获取票息的时间价值，交易参与需因时而动。在当前债市扰动因素较多、 情绪偏弱的情况下，负债端稳定性偏弱的机构需谨慎，保险、自营等负债端稳 定性较强机构可重点关注，逢高配置。 ❖ 重点政策及热点事件： 1、中国冶金科工股份有限公司将多家子公司股权出售给五矿地产与中国五 矿。中国中冶此次打包售卖地产与矿山资产既能够补充资金反哺主业，也剥离 业绩承压的非主营业务，有利于估值修复。 2、渤海租赁股份有限公司拟召开持有人会议，审议豁免监票人 ...

Core Viewpoint - The overall credit risk is expected to remain controllable in 2026, with low spreads and high volatility likely to continue [1]. Supply Side - The issuance policy for local government financing vehicles (LGFVs) is tightening, leading to a net outflow of LGFV bonds, with issuance scale expected to decline over the next two years [1]. - Central enterprises are continuing to increase leverage, contributing significant incremental supply of medium to long-term industrial bonds [1]. - The pace of bank balance sheet expansion is slowing, with weakened capital replenishment motivation; some small and medium-sized banks may still require capital supplementation [1]. Demand Side - The shift to net value-based wealth management and adjustments in fund fee rates are affecting the stability of institutional liabilities and bond allocation preferences, with stable demand for medium to short-term credit bonds, outperforming long-term bonds [2]. - During periods of interest rate fluctuations, coupon income becomes crucial. Since 2022, credit strategy portfolios have outperformed interest rate strategy portfolios, with short-term strategies performing better than duration strategies [2]. - It is recommended to focus on medium to short-term credit bonds to explore coupon income, while also monitoring event/policy impacts for trading opportunities in medium to long-term varieties [2]. Specific Bond Strategies - **LGFV Bonds**: Continue with a short to medium duration coupon strategy, focusing on local bonds and the progress of LGFV transformations. Bonds with medium credit quality should be primarily in the 2-3 year range, while higher-rated LGFV platforms can extend to 4-5 years, considering local debt progress and financial resource endowments [2]. - **Perpetual Bonds**: The trading value and riding space of the curve are emphasized. Although volatility has decreased compared to previous years, perpetual bonds from state-owned banks still hold trading value. Opportunities during significant price drops and riding space on the curve should be monitored [2]. - **Industrial Bonds**: Focus on high-grade central enterprise bonds with a duration strategy, while coal and steel bonds should prioritize coupon strategies. The leverage increase among central enterprises will continue to contribute significant incremental supply [3]. - **Real Estate Bonds**: A defensive allocation strategy is recommended, as the sector's fundamentals still require improvement. The strategy should focus on high-quality central and state-owned real estate bonds maturing within two years, with ongoing monitoring of liquidity, sales recovery, debt maturity schedules, and financing channel changes [3].

信用债2026年投资策略 主线重塑 俞柯帆 中信证券研究部 信用债分析师 （执业编号：S1010524100010） 2025年11月11日 请务必阅读末页的免责条款和声明 核心观点 债券科技板的横空出世为信用市场注入科创债的崭新血液，对于2026年而言，科创债市场的进一步扩容或将重塑信用 市场主线，科创债及相关衍生指数的配置机会值得重点关注。 化债工作临近收尾阶段，城投市场化转型加速，而转型升级后的产业公司预计将在2026年更多地试水债券市场，在重 塑市场格局的同时，所带来的配置价值也不可忽视。 国有地产与混合制企业定价逐步偏向"城投化" ，民企则可关注核心资产储备情况和去化情况。 在行业逐步修复和高风险主体逐步退出市场的背景下，我们认为板块再次集中出险的风险较低。考虑到当前多数机构 对于地产债定价仍偏谨慎，行业风险溢价仍较高，我们认为地产债配置性价比较高。 市场定价注重于房企属性，国有地产与混合制企业定价逐步偏向"城投化" ，股东支持和销售数据的回暖均可带来舆 情波动后的利差收窄机会，广义民企波动仍然比较大，建议布局核心资产充足的龙头国有房企与优质民营房企。 南向通非银机构扩容有望带来增量资金，中资离岸债 ...

Group 1 - The report highlights that the bond market in 2025 was characterized by a low interest rate environment, leading to limited trading space and strong credit bond allocation sentiment among institutions, with notable differentiation in performance across various bond types [3][4][12] - It is projected that in 2026, the fundamental and monetary conditions may not support a significant shift in the bond market, with credit risks primarily focusing on individual sentiment, and bond yields expected to maintain low volatility [3][4][12] - The report emphasizes the importance of identifying high coupon opportunities in a fluctuating market, while also monitoring seasonal, rotational, and redemption-related fluctuations for potential allocation windows [3][4][12] Group 2 - The credit bond market is expected to see a structural shift in demand, with a tendency towards shorter-duration bonds, while the stability of liabilities may weaken marginally [3][4][12] - The supply of credit bonds is anticipated to remain stable, with net financing in 2026 projected to be similar to that of 2025, and a continued focus on industrial bonds as the main supply source [3][4][12] - The report identifies specific sectors such as local government financing vehicles, real estate, steel, and coal as areas of concern regarding credit risk, highlighting the need for careful monitoring of individual issuers' fundamentals [3][4][12] Group 3 - The investment strategy for 2026 suggests focusing on high coupon asset allocation, particularly in a challenging trading environment, with a preference for weaker quality local government bonds and other high-yielding assets [3][4][12] - The report outlines the significance of seasonal characteristics and redemption impacts on credit bond performance, indicating that the first quarter may present favorable allocation opportunities [3][4][12] - Structural opportunities are noted in the development of credit bond ETFs, which are expected to attract long-term capital inflows and present arbitrage opportunities [3][4][12]

Group 1 - The credit bond market continues to show strong performance, with credit spreads narrowing, particularly in the case of high-rated bonds [1] - The yield on high-rated bonds has decreased across the board, with the long-end showing a more significant decline [1] - The trading volume of industrial bonds has slightly increased, while the trading volume of urban investment bonds and secondary perpetual bonds has decreased [1] Group 2 - In the current market environment, it is recommended to maintain a shorter duration in credit bonds, focusing on mid to short-term strategies [2] - The recent liquidity conditions favor short-term bonds, which have a higher degree of certainty and attractive yield spreads [2] - The Ping An Company Bond ETF has seen a contrary growth in scale, attributed to its short duration and stable returns compared to other credit bond ETFs [2]

Market Outlook - The credit spread in the bond market is expected to continue its oscillating adjustment in Q4 2025, with greater potential pressure on the long end [2][10][11] - The short-term bond market may still be recovering from the overdrawn performance at the beginning of the year, while the mid-term may face a shift in market logic [2][11] Credit Strategy - It is recommended to continue controlling duration in credit bonds, with a preference for mid-to-short term bonds and carry strategies [3][11] - In a liquidity easing environment, the short end remains relatively certain, and the carry space is at a relatively high level compared to earlier this year [3][11] Financial Bonds - Attention should be paid to participation opportunities in the price discovery of new financial bonds, as the difficulty of trading perpetual bonds is increasing [4][11] - After the new VAT regulations, the pricing of new financial bonds may still be in the discovery phase, with older bonds potentially offering better value [4][11] Investment Opportunities - Focus on primary market opportunities for bonds with maturities within three years, particularly those with coupon rates between 2.2% and 2.8% [4][11] - Consider mid-to-short term urban investment bonds with implied ratings of AA or higher, yielding above 2.2% [4][11] - Explore high-grade private placement bonds or perpetual bonds with implied ratings of AA+ or above, also yielding above 2.2% [4][11] Institutional Behavior - Public funds are facing significant challenges on the liability side, with a potential shift in credit bond demand structure [10][11] - The expansion of credit bond ETFs is being driven by policy, but the pace may slow down in the short term due to the recent launch of additional products [10][11] Industry Insights - The textile and apparel industry is expected to show a moderate recovery, with domestic retail sales of clothing and textiles increasing by 2.9% year-on-year [14][15] - The cosmetics and medical beauty sector is anticipated to maintain robust growth, with retail sales in the first eight months of 2025 showing a significant improvement compared to the previous year [17][18] - The light industry manufacturing sector is experiencing a clear trend of global supply chain adjustments, leading to changes in packaging dynamics [19][20]

Macro and Strategy Research - The report discusses the evolution of exchange rate systems globally, categorizing them into four types: hard peg, soft peg, floating exchange rates, and others. It highlights that the choice of exchange rate systems is influenced by various constraints, including trade development and financial stability, alongside monetary policy independence [3] - The Chinese yuan's exchange rate mechanism is based on market supply and demand, referencing a basket of currencies, and follows a managed floating exchange rate system. This system has evolved through four stages, balancing government guidance and market demand while ensuring financial stability [3][4] Yuan Exchange Rate Analysis Framework - A "3+1" framework is established for analyzing the yuan's exchange rate from long, medium, and short-term perspectives, incorporating institutional regulation. Long-term factors focus on purchasing power parity, interest rate parity, and behavioral equilibrium exchange rate models. Medium-term factors emphasize the impact of the balance of payments, while short-term factors consider market sentiment and investor psychology [4] - The People's Bank of China plays a crucial role in stabilizing the foreign exchange market through various counter-cyclical adjustment measures to prevent market volatility and herd behavior [4] Yuan Exchange Rate Model Prediction - The report constructs a prediction model for the yuan's spot exchange rate using key indicators such as the US-China 2-year bond yield spread, PMI export orders, and the US dollar index. The model shows a good fit with an R^2 of 0.92, indicating a strong predictive capability for exchange rate turning points, although it notes limitations during periods of policy changes and external shocks [4] Fixed Income Research - The report indicates that the issuance guidance rates for credit bonds have generally increased, with a change of -13 basis points from the end of Q2 2025 to the end of Q3 2025. The total issuance scale in Q3 2025 saw a slight decrease, with corporate bonds and medium-term notes experiencing reduced issuance, while short-term financing bonds and targeted tools saw increases [6][7] - The credit bond market showed a slight increase in transaction volume in Q3 2025, with corporate bonds and medium-term notes seeing decreased transaction amounts. The overall yield on credit bonds has been on the rise, particularly in September [7] - The report suggests that despite market fluctuations, the conditions for a comprehensive bear market in credit bonds are insufficient, and a long-term downward trend in yields is anticipated. The strategy recommends increasing allocations during adjustments, focusing on the trend of interest rate bonds while considering individual bond coupon values [7][8] Fund Research - The report notes that all major equity market indices rose, with the largest increase in the Sci-Tech 50 index, which rose by 6.47%. The report also highlights that the public fund scale reached a new high [10][11] - In the ETF market, there was a net inflow of 103.12 billion yuan, with bond ETFs receiving the most significant inflow due to the establishment of new Sci-Tech bond ETFs. The average daily trading volume in the ETF market reached 476.15 billion yuan [11][12]

Group 1 - The current credit market shows a stronger "anti-drawdown" characteristic compared to previous years, with credit adjustments being more synchronized with interest rate adjustments in 2025 [1][9][28] - The recent relative restraint in credit adjustments may be attributed to a stable liquidity environment and reduced pressure on the liability side of wealth management products [10][11] - The expansion of the Sci-Tech Innovation Bond ETF has slowed down, leading to decreased trading activity and liquidity in the market [2][15] Group 2 - The synchronization of credit and interest rate adjustments indicates a waiting period for interest rates to stabilize, with potential signals for credit investment once rates stabilize [3][25] - Seasonal factors suggest a higher probability of market weakness in September, but the extent of credit adjustments may be limited due to lower financing demand and expectations for incremental policy support [25][28] - The recent widening of credit spreads has been relatively limited, with adjustments mostly within 10 basis points, indicating insufficient "cost-effectiveness" for investors [4][31]

Core Viewpoints - In July, the issuance guidance rates for all maturities declined, with an overall change of -20 BP to -1 BP. The issuance scale of credit bonds slightly decreased month-on-month, with corporate bonds, medium-term notes, and directed tools seeing a decrease, while enterprise bonds and short-term financing bonds increased [2] - The net financing amount of credit bonds increased month-on-month, with medium-term notes seeing a decrease. Other varieties showed an increase, with corporate bonds, medium-term notes, and short-term financing bonds having positive net financing amounts [2] - In the secondary market, the transaction scale of credit bonds increased month-on-month, while the transaction amounts of enterprise bonds and directed tools decreased. The yield of credit bonds showed a fluctuating trend, with the monthly average lower than June [2] - The credit spread showed a similar trend to yields, initially narrowing, then widening, and finally narrowing again. Most varieties of medium-term notes, corporate bonds, and urban investment bonds saw a month-on-month narrowing of credit spreads [2] - From an absolute return perspective, insufficient supply and relatively strong allocation demand continue to support the strengthening of credit bonds. Despite inevitable fluctuations due to various factors, the long-term yield is expected to remain in a downward channel, making it feasible to increase allocations during adjustments [2] Industry Insights - The real estate market is undergoing adjustments, but with the implementation of policies to stabilize the market, it is moving towards stabilization. The recovery in sales will significantly impact bond valuations, and funds with higher risk tolerance may consider early positioning [3] - The focus for allocation remains on historically stable, high-performing central and state-owned enterprises, as well as high-quality private enterprise bonds with strong guarantees. This strategy aims to extend duration and enhance returns while also considering trading opportunities from undervalued real estate enterprise bonds [3] - Urban investment bonds are still a key allocation variety under the backdrop of stabilizing growth and preventing systemic risks, with a low likelihood of defaults. However, attention should be paid to potential valuation fluctuations during the acceleration of urban investment platform clean-up and transformation [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report emphasizes that investment opportunities in the credit bond market for July are hidden in niche varieties, durations, and issuers [6][9]. - The report indicates that the short-end strategy remains stable, with high-grade bonds showing limited excess returns while low-grade bonds continue to be explored [6][9]. - The report notes that the market sentiment in the first week of July is positive, with mid-to-long-term spreads continuing to compress, indicating a market still seeking duration for yield [6][9]. Group 2 - The report highlights that the issuance of credit bonds has significantly decreased, but net financing has increased due to a faster reduction in repayment amounts [22][23]. - It mentions that the average coupon rates for newly issued AAA and AA+ bonds have shown a slight decline, while the issuance costs for mid-to-low grade bonds have increased [22][23]. - The report states that the valuation of credit bonds across various grades and maturities has declined, with mid-to-long-term yields decreasing more significantly than short-term yields [22][26]. Group 3 - The report suggests that the main strategy for urban investment bonds in July is to focus on short-end bonds within a 3-year duration, while extending duration to 5 years where possible [14][19]. - It indicates that the absolute yield gap has narrowed significantly, making further short-end exploration challenging, and emphasizes the need for a balanced approach in duration management [14][19]. - The report identifies specific regions such as Shandong, Sichuan, Tianjin, and Henan as areas for potential exploration in the short-end segment [14][19]. Group 4 - The report notes that credit spreads for urban investment bonds have generally narrowed by about 4 basis points across most provinces, with minimal differentiation between regions [29][30]. - It highlights that the credit spreads for various industries have also contracted by 3 to 4 basis points, indicating a consistent trend across sectors [29][30]. - The report points out that the real estate sector continues to experience significant valuation volatility, reflecting ongoing market challenges [29][30].