Report Information - Report Date: December 28, 2025 [1] - Analysts: Yan Ziqi, Hong Ziyan [2] - Report Title: Bond Research Weekly: Insurance Funds Rush to Allocate 30-Year Treasury Bonds [2] Report Core Issues - Recent bond market performance review [5] - Recent institutional behavior changes [5] - Outlook for the subsequent bond market [5] Investment Highlights - The recent bond market has been volatile, with the 10-year Treasury bond yield hovering around 1.83%. The loose funding situation is notable at the end of the year, with funding rates remaining low and interbank lending volume above 5 trillion yuan [6][11] - In the short term, the 30Y - 10Y term spread may stabilize. Insurance institutions have significantly increased their bond purchases in the secondary market in the past two weeks, becoming the largest buyers of 30-year Treasury bonds and stabilizing their performance [6][11] - This phenomenon may be related to the "Insurance Company Asset - Liability Management Measures (Draft for Comment)", and it is also possible that insurance institutions are optimizing liquidity indicators at the end of the year. Attention should be paid to whether they become net sellers after the New Year [6][11] - In terms of trading structure, large banks mainly bought 10-year and shorter Treasury bonds, joint-stock banks took profits, securities firms mainly bought 5 - 10Y Treasury bonds, and public funds preferred 10Y China Development Bank bonds without significantly chasing 30-year Treasury bonds at the end of the year [6][12] - As of December 26, the median duration of medium - and long - term bond funds (including leverage) was 2.67 years, showing no significant change from December 22 [6][12] Section Summaries 1. This Week's Bond Market Review - The bond market was volatile, with the 10-year Treasury bond yield around 1.83%. The funding situation was loose, with rates low and interbank lending volume above 5 trillion yuan [11] - Insurance institutions increased bond purchases, becoming the largest buyers of 30-year Treasury bonds, which may be due to regulatory requirements and year - end optimization of indicators [11] 2. Bond Yield Curve Tracking 2.1 Key Maturity Interest Rates and Spreads - As of December 26, compared with December 22, the 1Y Treasury yield dropped 6.75bp to 1.29%, the 10Y dropped 0.39bp to 1.84%, and the 30Y dropped 1.79bp to 2.22% [13] - The 30Y - 10Y spread decreased 1.40bp to 38.57bp, and the 10Y CDB - 10Y Treasury spread increased 0.34bp to 14.41bp [13] 2.2 Treasury Bond Term Spreads - As of December 26, compared with December 22, the 3Y - 1Y spread rose 3.51bp to 7.55bp, the 5Y - 3Y rose 1.89bp to 23.21bp, etc. [16] 3. Bond Market Leverage and Funding Situation 3.1 Interbank Pledged Repurchase Balance - As of December 26, the balance rose 0.22 trillion yuan to 12.96 trillion yuan compared with December 22 [19] 3.2 Interbank Bond Market Leverage Ratio - As of December 26, the ratio increased 0.15pct to 107.79% compared with December 22 [22] 3.3 Pledged Repurchase Turnover - From December 22 to 26, the average daily turnover was 8.49 trillion yuan, with overnight turnover averaging about 7.49 trillion yuan and an overnight turnover ratio of 88.28% [25][26] 3.4 Interbank Funding Situation - From December 22 to 26, bank lending increased. As of December 26, large and policy banks' net lending was 4.91 trillion yuan, and joint - stock, city, and rural commercial banks' net lending was 0.58 trillion yuan [28] - As of December 26, DR001 was 1.2556%, DR007 was 1.5237%, R001 was 1.3450%, and R007 was 1.5264% [28] 4. Medium - and Long - Term Bond Fund Durations 4.1 Median Duration of Bond Funds - As of December 26, the median duration of medium - and long - term bond funds was 2.59 years (de - leveraged) and 2.67 years (including leverage), showing no change from December 22 [40] 4.2 Median Duration of Interest - Rate Bond Funds - As of December 26, the median duration of interest - rate bond funds (including leverage) was 3.72 years, down 0.01 year from December 22, and that of credit bond funds was 2.41 years, down 0.01 year [43] 5. Bond Lending Balance Changes - As of December 26, compared with December 22, the borrowing volume of 10Y CDB bonds fluctuated [47]

国债衍生品周报 2025/12/26 咨询业务资格：沪证监许可【2012】1515号 研报作者：许亮 Z0002220 审核：唐韵 Z0002422 【免责声明】 本报告基于本公司认为可靠的、已公开的信息编制，但本公司对该等信息的准确性及完整性不作任何保证。本报告所载的意见、结论及预测仅反映报告发布时的观点、结论 和建议。在不同时期，本公司可能会发出与本报告所载意见、评估及预测不一致的研究报告。本公司不保证本报告所含信息保持在最新状态。本公司对本报告所含信息可在不发出通知的情 形下做出修改， 交易者（您）应当自行关注相应的更新或修改。本公司力求报告内容客观、公正，但本报告所载的观点、结论和建议仅供参考，交易者（您）并不能依靠本报告以取代行 使独立判断。对交易者（您）依据或者使用本报告所造成的一切后果，本公司及作者均不承担任何法律责任。本报告版权仅为本公司所有。未经本公司书面许可，任何机构或个人不得以翻 版、复制、发表、引用或再次分发他人等任何形式侵犯本公司版权。如征得本公司同意进行引用、刊发的，需在允许的范围内使用，并注明出处为"东亚期货"，且不得对本报告进行任何有 悖原意的引用、删节和修改。本公司保留追究相 ...

往后看，支持30年期与10年期国债利差进一步走扩的因素包括：股债性价比持续变化导致保险机构配置 盘减少、长久期负债减少导致银行对超长端配置需求减弱，以及若经济基本面改善斜率变陡带来债 市"牛""熊"切换。不过，若2026年政府债发行规模在超长端期限分配上较2025年明显减少，则预期差可 能带动利差收窄。 总体而言，基于当前全球流动性宽松、全球资本再配置的逻辑未改，以及国内基本面和政策面趋稳，短 期债市仍处于承压状态。30年期国债短期双向波动幅度加大，其与10年期国债的利差亦不排除进一步走 扩的可能。 12月，债市震荡运行，年末配置行情迟迟未现，特别是超长端，表现偏弱。近期，货币政策预期稳定。 12月22日，LPR报价持平。12月24日，央行公布将开展4000亿元MLF操作，期限为1年，考虑到到期 3000亿元，则净投放1000亿元。截至12月24日（周三）下午，10年期、30年期国债活跃券收益率分别报 1.8370%、2.22%，较11月底分别上行0.8和4个基点。本周前3个交易日，收益率先涨后跌，30年期有初 步企稳迹象，10年期、30年期国债期货主力合约累计涨幅分别为0.14%和0.49%。交易者关注30 ...

新华财经北京12月23日电（王菁）债市周二（12月23日）小幅回暖，中短端表现更优，国债期货主力全 线收涨，银行间现券收益率回落1-2BPs；公开市场单日净回笼760亿元，短期资金利率多数转为下行。 机构认为，随着短端收益率下行，期限利差上涨，长端和超长端的性价比逐渐显现。后续的债市修复过 程中，短债和长债都有相应的机会。短期内跟随市场情绪切换进行高频波段的胜率仍有保障，但趋势行 情开启的难度较大。 【行情跟踪】 国债期货收盘全线上涨，30年期主力合约涨0.89%报112.83，10年期主力合约涨0.26%报108.22，5年期 主力合约涨0.17%报106.025，2年期主力合约涨0.07%报102.526元。 银行间主要利率债收益率普遍下行，30年期国债"25超长特别国债06"收益率下行1.3BP报2.2245%，10年 期国开债"25国开15"收益率下行1.15BP报1.895%，7年期国债"25附息国债18"收益率下行2.2BPs报 1.7%。 公开市场方面，央行公告称，12月23日以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了593亿元7天期逆回购操作，操 作利率1.40%，投标量593亿元，中标量593亿元。数据 ...

Group 1 - The bond market showed a slight rebound on December 17, with the 10-year government bond ETF (511260) rising by 0.11% and the 30-year government bond futures rebounding by 0.63%, approaching recovery from Monday's decline [1] - The weak performance of the bond market in Q4 was more pronounced than expected, with the 30-year government bond futures dropping nearly 4% since November, nearing last year's low after "924" [1] - The strong performance of the 30-year government bond before 2025 has led investors to overlook inherent risks, as the introduction of TL contracts and the central bank's bond trading in 2024 have compressed the 30-10 year yield spread to a historical low of 10 basis points [1] Group 2 - The 30-year government bond is approaching post-tax mortgage rates, highlighting its investment value, but current risks suggest that long-term bonds should not be viewed merely as a duration strategy [2] - During the bond market adjustment phase, the 10-year government bond serves as a stabilizing force, reflecting its robust characteristics [2] - The economic "K" structure is unlikely to ease in the short term, which remains favorable for the bond market, but pessimistic sentiment has not fully dissipated, leading to a neutral to bearish monetary policy [2]

缺乏做多力量。 债市圈刚刚度过了一个难熬的"黑色星期一"——长债在一堆利好消息包围中又来了一次深跌，业内纷纷 调侃债券交易员已经开始"怀疑人生"。 截至周一收盘，国债期货全线下跌，30年期主力合约跌0.99%报111.53元，创2024年11月18日以来收盘 新低；10年期主力合约跌0.12%报107.87元，5年期主力合约跌0.03%报105.785元，2年期主力合约跌 0.01%报102.454元。 现券方面，银行间市场多数利率债收益率上行。其中，30年期国债活跃券收益率大幅上行3.6BP来到 2.28%以上，算上上周五的波动，长债利率在两个交易日内上行了7.5BP；10年期国债活跃券收益率当 天也上行1.65BP直逼1.86%。二者均创9月底以来新高。 周二早盘，债市扭转跌势，国债期货普遍上涨，主要利率债收益率下行。截至发稿，30年期国债活跃 券"25超长特别国债06"回落至2.27%左右，10年期国债活跃券"25附息国债16"收益率则一度回到1.85%以 下。 恐慌踩踏？ 有债市人士对第一财经表示，当前的债市局面已经难从基本面解释，交易层面的恐慌很容易掩盖宏观利 好。 资金层面，周一银行间市场流动性整 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - In the primary market, the issuance scale of credit bonds increased month - on - month, with the issuance amount of corporate bonds, medium - term notes, and commercial paper increasing, while that of enterprise bonds and private placement notes decreasing. The net financing of credit bonds also increased month - on - month, with corporate bonds and medium - term notes showing an increase in net financing, and the net financing of enterprise bonds and private placement notes being negative [2][14][60]. - In the secondary market, the trading volume of credit bonds increased month - on - month, and the trading volume of each variety increased. Most of the yields of credit bonds declined, and most of the credit spreads of medium - and short - term notes, enterprise bonds, and urban investment bonds widened. Most spreads are at historical lows [2][19][60]. - From an absolute return perspective, the supply shortage and relatively strong allocation demand will drive the credit bond market to continue its recovery. In the long run, the yield is still in a downward channel, and the strategy of increasing allocation during adjustments is still feasible. Currently, the cost - effectiveness of most varieties has decreased, and caution is needed when chasing high prices. The coupon strategy can be moderately optimistic in the current allocation, and the trading strategy can remain optimistic [2][60]. - From a relative return perspective, although the compression space of credit spreads at all tenors is insufficient at present, the probability of a one - sided correction in the short term is also low. Therefore, investors can still achieve the coupon strategy through credit downgrading and extending the duration according to their own capital characteristics, but they need to pay attention to the rhythm during the allocation [2][60]. - For real estate bonds, as the market gradually stabilizes, funds with high risk appetite can consider early layout, focusing on enterprises with outstanding performance in new financing and sales recovery. The focus of allocation is still on central and state - owned enterprises with stable historical valuations and excellent performance, as well as high - quality private enterprise bonds with strong guarantees. Investors can extend the duration to increase returns and also appropriately play the trading opportunities brought by the valuation repair of bonds of over - sold real estate enterprises [3][65]. - For urban investment bonds, under the principle of coordinating development and security, the probability of default is very low, and they can still be a key allocation variety for credit bonds. Investors can consider a credit - downgrading strategy for the medium - and short - term in the allocation, and choose to extend the duration for high - grade bonds in the trading [4][66]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Primary Market Situation - **Issuance and Maturity Scale**: From December 8th to December 14th, a total of 326 credit bonds were issued, with an issuance amount of 275.038 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 18.09%. The net financing of credit bonds was 73.256 billion yuan, an increase of 19.097 billion yuan month - on - month. By variety, the issuance of enterprise bonds was 0, with a net financing of - 7.287 billion yuan; corporate bonds issued 113 with an issuance amount of 78.848 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 4.17%, and a net financing of 25.131 billion yuan; medium - term notes issued 105 with an issuance amount of 94.198 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 52.96%, and a net financing of 41.148 billion yuan; commercial paper issued 92 with an issuance amount of 93.257 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 13.09%, and a net financing of 18.52 billion yuan; private placement notes issued 16 with an issuance amount of 8.735 billion yuan, a month - on - month decrease of 28.25%, and a net financing of - 4.256 billion yuan [14]. - **Issuance Interest Rates**: The issuance guidance rates announced by the Dealers Association all increased, with an overall change range of 1 - 4 BP. By tenor, the 1 - year variety had a rate change range of 1 - 4 BP, the 3 - year variety 2 - 4 BP, the 5 - year variety 2 - 3 BP, and the 7 - year variety 1 - 3 BP. By rating, the key AAA - rated and AAA - rated varieties had a rate change range of 1 - 3 BP, the AA + - rated variety 2 - 4 BP, the AA - rated variety 3 - 4 BP, and the AA - - rated variety 1 - 4 BP [15]. 3.2 Secondary Market Situation - **Market Trading Volume**: From December 8th to December 14th, the total trading volume of credit bonds was 915.761 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 12.02%. The trading volumes of enterprise bonds, corporate bonds, medium - term notes, commercial paper, and private placement notes were 23.503 billion yuan, 357.775 billion yuan, 294.033 billion yuan, 183.844 billion yuan, and 56.606 billion yuan respectively [19]. - **Credit Spreads**: In medium - and short - term notes, most credit spreads widened. In enterprise bonds, most credit spreads also widened. In urban investment bonds, most credit spreads widened as well [22][29][37]. - **Term Spreads and Rating Spreads**: For AA + medium - and short - term notes, the 3Y - 1Y term spread narrowed by 2.44 BP, the 5Y - 3Y spread widened by 2.88 BP, and the 7Y - 3Y spread widened by 4.68 BP. For 3 - year medium - and short - term notes, the (AA - )-(AAA) rating spread widened by 1.00 BP, the (AA)-(AAA) spread widened by 2.00 BP, and the (AA + )-(AAA) spread remained unchanged from the previous period [44]. 3.3 Credit Rating Adjustment and Default Bond Statistics - **Credit Rating Adjustment Statistics**: From December 8th to December 14th, the rating (including outlook) of one company was adjusted, which was an upgrade. Xi'an High - tech Financial Holding Group Co., Ltd. was upgraded from AA + / Stable to AAA / Stable by Zhongzheng Pengyuan [57][58]. - **Default and Extension Bond Statistics**: There were no credit bond defaults or extensions from December 8th to December 14th [59]. 3.4 Investment Views The report reiterates the situation of the primary and secondary markets of credit bonds, and provides investment strategies from absolute and relative return perspectives. It also gives investment suggestions for real estate bonds and urban investment bonds [60].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent weakening of 30-year government bonds and the potential for a re-pricing of the 30-year to 10-year government bond yield spread due to changes in institutional participation and expectations, despite a low interest rate environment [1][2]. Summary by Sections Interest Rate Environment and Yield Spread - The narrowing of the yield spread between 30-year and 10-year government bonds since 2023 is attributed to both declining interest rates and the influence of trading and speculative forces [1]. - Historical data suggests that the core determinants of the 30-year to 10-year yield spread are not solely based on interest rates but also on the economic cycle and policy orientation [1][2]. Future Expectations - The low interest rate environment does not necessarily lead to a downward shift in the yield spread's central tendency or a continuous narrowing of its fluctuation range [2]. - The central tendency of the 30-year to 10-year yield spread may rise to 40 basis points (bp), with an expanded fluctuation range of 30-50 bp, influenced by changes in policy environment, economic expectations, and institutional behavior [2]. Long-term and Short-term Factors - Long-term factors affecting yield spread volatility include the pressure from the stock-bond relationship, price fluctuations in cyclical goods, and potential underperformance of monetary policy [3]. - In the short term, there are signs of recovery in the 10-year government bonds and T contracts, suggesting gradual participation, while the 30-year bonds require further observation [3]. Investment Strategy - If the 30-year to 10-year yield spread continues to widen, there may be entry opportunities, but investors should be aware of the current wide fluctuations, which could exceed 20 bp [3].

期货｜跨品种套利，如何剔除净基差的影响？ 分析师 孙彬彬 SAC 证书编号：S0160525020001 sunbb@ctsec.com 分析师 隋修平 SAC 证书编号：S0160525020003 suixp@ctsec.com 联系人 郑艺鹏 zhengyp@ctsec.com 相关报告 1. 《 短 期 内 市 场 主 线 有 哪 些 ？ 》 2025-12-07 2. 《信用 | 适当等待 》 2025-12-07 3. 《利率 | 收益率触达上限，模型接近翻 多》 2025-12-07 ❖ 跨品种套利实现久期中性后，市场通常是希望赚取期限利差收益，但往往净 基差对组合价值影响更大。因此我们通过寻找不同组合的净基差规律，试图 帮助投资者解决上述问题。 ❖ 跨品种套利组合实现久期中性后表现如何？ 组合实现久期中性后，波动主要来源于期限利差和净基差波动。规范分析来 看，由于实现久期中性需要的头寸比例随时变化，难以直接对一个"永远保 持久期中性"的组合进行分析。因此我们考虑构造某一时刻满足久期中性的 期货组合并在一段时间内维持比例不变，虽然这会导致组合在后续出现一定 的久期缺口，但缺口较小，对组合价格的影 ...

证券研究报告：固定收益报告 发布时间：2025-12-08 分析师:梁伟超 SAC 登记编号:S1340523070001 Email:liangweichao@cnpsec.com 近期研究报告 《货币政策重心转移————2026 年 展望系列四》 - 2025.12.03 固收周报 30 年国债超跌了吗？ ——流动性周报 20251207 l 30 年国债交易的至暗时刻，也是配置的良机 观点回顾：以机构心态视角来看，年末对收益的诉求普遍偏弱， 明年一季度理财类机构和保险机构存在抢筹的意愿。年内债市行情限 于区间震荡的局面可能不易改变，年末时点存在提前抢筹、行情升温 的契机。 从期限利差视角，30 减 10 的期限利差再次回到近年高位，虽然 很难判断超长债期限利差的合理水平，因为超长期政府债的发行压力 始终存在，但是在居民部门加杠杆之前，风险偏好的修复很难驱动超 长端期限利差回到更高的位置。 从利率比价视角，扣除税收之后的 30 年国债收益率和房贷利率 之间已经持平，以央行对不倒挂的要求出发，30 年国债收益率不应再 大幅上行。虽然这种比较关系并非严格有效，但依然可以作为定价参 考； 研究所 从机构行为视角 ...