Group 1: Company Overview - The core business of Xingtou Measurement and Control is in the highly specialized field of aerospace measurement and control, which is crucial for the communication between ground and space after the launch of spacecraft [6][30]. - In 2024, Xingtou Measurement and Control achieved a revenue of 288 million yuan, representing a year-on-year growth of 25.90%, and a net profit attributable to the parent company of 84.97 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 35.68% [2][35]. - The company has maintained a stable and high gross margin, with gross margins of 56.92%, 52.16%, and 52.80% from 2022 to 2024 [35]. Group 2: Industry Insights - The global market for aerospace measurement and control systems is projected to reach 996.49 million USD in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23% expected from 2025 to 2031 [30][32]. - In 2024, China is expected to account for approximately 21.47% of the global market, with a market size of 213.90 million USD, and this is projected to grow to 1.26 billion USD by 2031, potentially reaching a 30.56% share of the global market [30][32]. - The aerospace measurement and control industry is characterized by a competitive landscape, with key global players including Kongsberg Satellite Services, Swedish Space Corporation, GMV, and others, with the first-tier companies holding about 30.86% of the market share [31][32].

Market Overview - The market size of China's nutritional functional food industry is projected to reach CNY 2,331 billion in 2024, with an expected CAGR of 8.5% from 2024 to 2029, reaching CNY 3,499 billion by 2029[7][19]. - The overall nutritional health food market in China is expected to grow from CNY 5,223 billion in 2024 to CNY 7,203 billion in 2029, with a CAGR of 6.6% during the same period[11][14]. Industry Challenges - The per capita consumption of nutritional functional foods in China is CNY 166 in 2024, which is lower than the global average of CNY 179 and significantly below countries like the USA (CNY 754) and Japan (CNY 572)[19][22]. - The industry faces challenges such as consumer awareness, severe product homogeneity, and insufficient innovation, which hinder growth compared to more developed markets[19][20]. Investment Insights - The contract manufacturing segment of the nutritional functional food industry is expected to grow from CNY 253 billion in 2024 to CNY 441 billion by 2029, with a CAGR of 11.8%[24][27]. - Key companies listed on the Beijing Stock Exchange related to the nutritional functional food sector include Kangbiter (brand operator), Wuxi Jinghai (raw material supplier), and Hengmei Health (contract manufacturer)[28]. Market Performance - The median price change for consumer service stocks on the Beijing Stock Exchange was -2.54% from August 11 to August 15, 2025, with only 5 companies (13%) showing an increase[36][39]. - The total market capitalization of consumer service companies decreased from CNY 1,235.58 billion to CNY 1,189.40 billion during the same period[39][44]. Financial Highlights - Jinbo Bio reported a revenue of CNY 128.58 billion for 2025, a year-on-year increase of 42.43%, with a net profit of CNY 3.92 billion, up 26.65% from the previous year[56].

Investment Rating - Investment rating: Positive (maintained) [1] Core Viewpoints - Tesla's Robotaxi expansion is progressing steadily, with a focus on regulatory approval timelines in various states. The service area in Austin has expanded approximately fourfold since its launch, with plans to cover half of the U.S. population by the end of 2025, pending regulatory approval [4][7][12] - The shift in Tesla's chip strategy towards external suppliers like NVIDIA and AMD is a pragmatic choice due to the challenges faced with the Dojo project. The future AI6 chip is expected to integrate training and inference capabilities [4][17][21] - The expansion of Tesla's autonomous driving capabilities is marked by a renewed focus on increasing model parameters and exploring multi-modal and reinforcement learning techniques [4][23] Summary by Sections Robotaxi Expansion - Tesla's Robotaxi project launched in Austin in June 2025, initially covering 20 square miles, has expanded to approximately 80 square miles by August 2025. Future plans include expanding to the San Francisco Bay Area, Nevada, Arizona, and Florida [7][8][12] - The Texas SB2807 bill, effective September 1, 2025, will allow Robotaxi operations under similar regulations as human-driven vehicles, making Texas a key focus for Tesla's expansion [13][14] Hardware Developments - The Dojo project has been halted due to challenges in chip manufacturing and talent retention. Tesla is now focusing on the development of AI5 and AI6 chips, which are expected to enhance performance significantly [17][20][21] - The AI5 chip is projected to achieve 2000-2500 TOPS of computing power, a threefold increase compared to the current generation [22] Software and Algorithm Enhancements - Tesla is transitioning to an end-to-end architecture for its autonomous driving algorithms, with plans to increase model parameters significantly. The upcoming FSD V13.2 is expected to enhance model scale and context length by three times [23][24] - The integration of Grok as a vehicle AI assistant is underway, indicating a strategic move towards enhancing Tesla's autonomous capabilities [26]

Group 1: Industry Overview - The express delivery industry in China saw a business volume of 16.4 billion pieces in July 2025, representing a year-on-year growth of 15.1%, with revenue reaching 120.64 billion yuan, up 8.9% year-on-year [4][25]. - The "anti-involution" trend in the express delivery sector is gaining traction, with associations in Beijing and Baoji advocating for fair competition and the cessation of irrational price wars [5]. - The logistics sector is experiencing a shift towards the central and western regions of China, with the proportion of express delivery business volume in these areas increasing [4]. Group 2: Company Performance - Milky Way reported a 17.4% increase in revenue to 7.035 billion yuan in H1 2025, with a net profit of 352 million yuan, up 13.12% year-on-year [6]. - Debon Express achieved a revenue of 20.555 billion yuan in H1 2025, an increase of 11.43%, but faced a significant drop in net profit by 84.34% [7][8]. - The new management at Debon Express is expected to focus on improving service quality and operational efficiency, which may enhance revenue quality [8]. Group 3: Aviation Sector - The aviation industry is expected to benefit from macroeconomic recovery, with long-term supply-demand trends indicating potential growth [15]. - The release of the "Self-Regulation Convention for Air Passenger Transport" aims to promote high-quality development and fair competition in the aviation market [9]. - The restoration of direct flights between China and India is anticipated, which could enhance passenger transport volumes [9]. Group 4: Shipping and Port Operations - The oil tanker market may be influenced by the potential end of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the lifting of sanctions on Russian oil, which could lead to a reduction in old tanker capacity [10]. - Brazil's iron ore exports have significantly increased, supporting the bulk shipping market, with July shipments reaching nearly 38 million tons [11]. - China's port cargo throughput increased by 10.87% week-on-week to 26.894 million tons, while container throughput rose by 19.58% to 679,000 TEU [78]. Group 5: Road and Rail Transport - Zhongyuan Expressway reported a 5.77% increase in toll revenue in July 2025, with total revenue reaching 411 million yuan [14]. - National logistics operations remained stable, with rail freight increasing by 1.29% and highway freight traffic up by 1.34% during early August [14].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is upgraded to "Accumulate" [5] Core Views - The company's performance is under short-term pressure, but management changes may enhance revenue quality [5] - The company reported a revenue of 20.555 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, a year-on-year increase of 11.43%, while the net profit attributable to shareholders was 0.52 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 84.34% [7] - The new management is expected to focus on improving transportation quality and service levels, which may help optimize core business and enhance revenue quality [7] Financial Summary - Revenue forecast for 2025 is 44.303 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of 9.76% [6] - The net profit attributable to shareholders for 2025 is projected to be 0.323 billion yuan, reflecting a significant decline of 62.48% year-on-year [6] - The earnings per share (EPS) for 2025 is estimated at 0.32 yuan, with a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 53.47 [6] - The company's gross margin for Q2 2025 was 6.70%, a decrease of 2.15 percentage points year-on-year [7] - The company aims to enhance cost efficiency and improve operational quality, which may lead to better profitability in the future [7]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery industry is "Positive" (maintained) [1] Core Viewpoints - The report highlights a significant transformation in industry policies, focusing on protecting farmers' rights and stimulating enterprise innovation. Future growth stocks will likely prioritize technological content and innovative models while mobilizing existing production factors [5][16] - The report anticipates that the industry's profit center will recover due to clear capacity regulation policies and a strong commitment to maintaining stable pig prices [5][16] - The report recommends focusing on companies with a "platform + ecosystem" model, particularly technology-driven and service-oriented ecological platform companies like Dekang Agriculture, as well as leading pig farming companies such as Muyuan Foods and Wens Foodstuff [5][16] Summary by Sections 1. Swine Industry - The latest pig price is 13.67 CNY/kg (down 0.06 CNY/kg MoM), with an average slaughter weight of 127.82 kg (up 0.02 kg MoM). The price for 15 kg piglets is 484 CNY/head (down 33 CNY/head MoM). Short-term price declines may be due to policy-induced weight reductions [4][15] - Dekang reported a pre-fair value profit of 1.273 billion CNY for H1 2025, a 251% YoY increase, and is expected to achieve over 1.5 billion CNY in profits from its swine segment, with a per-head profit exceeding 300 CNY [5][15] 2. Poultry Industry - The price of chicken seedlings in Yantai is 3.65 CNY/chick (unchanged MoM), and the price of broiler chickens is 3.65 CNY/kg (up 1.39% MoM, down 4.7% YoY). Seasonal factors and structural price increases in downstream products may lead to a price recovery in the industry [6][16] - The report identifies two main lines of focus: high-quality imported breeding stock leaders and fully integrated industry leaders like Yisheng and Shengnong Development [6][16] 3. Feed Industry - The report recommends Haida Group due to the recovery of the industry, improved management effects, and increased capacity utilization, which is expected to lead to volume and profit growth [7][17] - The report notes a slight decline in water product prices due to the seasonal arrival of new fish varieties, with various fish species showing mixed price changes [7][17] 4. Pet Industry - The pet category saw a month-on-month increase in sales growth in July, despite uncertainties regarding tariffs and export fluctuations impacting the sector [9][20] - The report emphasizes the resilience of leading companies in the pet sector, such as Guibao and Zhongchong, which are expected to maintain high growth rates and drive industry concentration [9][21] 5. Agricultural Products - The USDA's August supply and demand report unexpectedly lowered the new season's soybean harvest area, tightening the supply-demand relationship for U.S. soybeans. Domestic soybean imports are expected to decline seasonally, which may lead to an upward shift in soybean meal prices [11][21]

Report Industry Investment Rating - The report is bullish on the bond market [2][4][12][83][85] Core Viewpoints of the Report - The economic downward pressure may increase in the second half of the year. Price is the key variable for economic recovery. The price recovery at the supply level is starting to show at the meso - level, but the economic fundamentals in July were poor, and the improvement of CPI and PPI was less than expected. Consumption and exports may face pressure in the second half of the year [2][10][11][83] - The recent correction in the bond market is due to the systematic and active reduction of duration by bond funds and securities firms' proprietary trading, which has nothing to do with redemptions and economic fundamentals. When many institutions reduce their bond investment duration, a new market may start [2][11][83] - In 2025, the bond market lacks a trending market and requires correct band - trading. It is predicted that the yield of the 10Y Treasury bond will fluctuate between 1.6% - 1.8% in the second half of the year. After the recent correction, the 10Y Treasury bond is close to 1.75%, with high cost - effectiveness [4][12][85] Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Macro News - In July, the total retail sales of consumer goods were 3.9 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 3.7%, 1.1 percentage points lower than the previous month. From January to July, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 4.8% year - on - year, 0.2 percentage points lower than from January to June. From January to July, fixed - asset investment increased by 1.6% year - on - year, 1.2 percentage points lower than in the first half of the year. In July, the added value of industrial enterprises above the designated size increased by 5.7% year - on - year, 1.1 percentage points lower than in June [13] - Three departments jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for the Fiscal Interest Subsidy Policy for Personal Consumption Loans", with a subsidy ratio of 1 percentage point, starting from September 1, 2025, for a period of 1 year [4][16] - On August 15, the central bank released the "China Monetary Policy Implementation Report for the Second Quarter of 2025", continuing the moderately loose tone, and the probability of recent reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate cuts is low. The monetary policy focuses on implementation, emphasizing "interest rate guidance", "preventing idle funds", "improving the efficiency of fund use", and "making good use of various structural monetary policy tools" [4][16] - The US CPI in July increased by 2.7% year - on - year, lower than the expected 2.8%, and the core CPI increased by 3.1% year - on - year, higher than the expected 3% [18] 2. Meso - level High - frequency Data 2.1 Consumption - As of August 10, the average daily retail volume of passenger car manufacturers was 45,000 vehicles, a year - on - year decrease of 3.8%, and the average daily wholesale volume was 40,000 vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 16.5%. As of August 15, the total box office revenue of national movies in the past 7 days was 144,668,300 yuan, a year - on - year increase of 46.1% [22] - As of August 1, the total retail volume of three major household appliances was 1.739 million units, a year - on - year decrease of 3.7%, and the total retail sales were 4.05 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 2.7% [27] 2.2 Transportation - As of August 10, the container throughput of ports was 6.792 million twenty - foot equivalent units, a year - on - year increase of 7.3%. As of August 15, the average subway passenger volume in first - tier cities in the past 7 days was 4.0767 million person - times, a year - on - year increase of 2.7% [28] - As of August 10, the postal express pick - up volume was 3.53 billion pieces, a year - on - year increase of 13.4%. The railway freight volume was 78.697 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 4.6%, and the highway truck traffic volume was 5.33 million vehicles, a year - on - year increase of 2.4% [35][37] 2.3 Industrial Operating Rates - As of August 13, the blast furnace operating rate of major steel enterprises in the country was 77.5%, a year - on - year increase of 3.6 percentage points. As of August 14, the average asphalt operating rate was 27.0%, a year - on - year increase of 5.0 percentage points [43] - As of August 14, the soda ash operating rate was 87.1%, a year - on - year increase of 5.3 percentage points, and the PVC operating rate was 76.7%, a year - on - year increase of 1.9 percentage points. As of August 15, the average PX operating rate was 85.0%, and the average PTA operating rate was 78.9% [46] 2.4 Real Estate - As of August 15, the total commercial housing transaction area in 30 large - and medium - sized cities in the past 7 days was 1.209 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 18.1%. The total number of commercial housing transactions was 12,667 units, a year - on - year decrease of 13.6% [48][50] 2.5 Prices - As of August 15, the average wholesale price of pork was 20.2 yuan per kilogram, a year - on - year decrease of 25.7%, and a 2.2% decrease compared to four weeks ago. The average wholesale price of vegetables was 4.7 yuan per kilogram, a year - on - year decrease of 20.9%, and a 7.4% increase compared to four weeks ago. The average wholesale price of six key fruits was 7.0 yuan per kilogram, a year - on - year decrease of 6.3%, and a 4.5% decrease compared to four weeks ago [51] - As of August 15, the average price of thermal coal at northern ports was 689.0 yuan per ton, a year - on - year decrease of 18.1%, and a 9.9% increase compared to four weeks ago. The average spot price of WTI crude oil was 63.5 US dollars per barrel, a year - on - year decrease of 18.6%, and a 5.4% decrease compared to four weeks ago. The average spot price of rebar was 3321.2 yuan per ton, a year - on - year increase of 6.1%, and a 4.5% increase compared to four weeks ago [52] - As of August 15, the average spot price of iron ore was 792.9 yuan per ton, a year - on - year increase of 3.3%, and a 2.7% increase compared to four weeks ago. The average spot price of glass was 14.6 yuan per square meter, a year - on - year decrease of 15.5%, and a 2.2% increase compared to four weeks ago [58] 3. Bond and Foreign Exchange Markets - On August 15, overnight Shibor was 1.40%, up 8.30 BP from August 11. R001 was 1.44%, up 9.33 BP; R007 was 1.49%, up 3.21 BP. DR001 was 1.40%, up 8.75 BP; DR007 was 1.48%, up 3.94 BP. IBO001 was 1.44%, up 9.11 BP; IBO007 was 1.52%, up 5.32 BP [60] - Most Treasury bond yields rose. On August 15, the yields of 1 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year Treasury bonds were 1.37%, 1.59%, 1.75%, and 2.05% respectively, up 1.3 BP, 4.9 BP, 5.8 BP, and 9.0 BP respectively from August 8 [66] - On August 15, the yields of 1 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year China Development Bank bonds were 1.53%, 1.74%, 1.86%, and 2.15% respectively, up 3.2 BP, 7.5 BP, 7.9 BP, and 9.8 BP respectively from August 8 [66] - On August 15, the yields of 1 - year, 5 - year, and 10 - year local government bonds were 1.38%, 1.69%, and 1.84% respectively, down 0.7 BP, up 3.4 BP, and up 2.0 BP respectively from August 8 [71] - On August 15, the yields of AAA - rated 1 - month and 1 - year and AA + - rated 1 - month and 1 - year inter - bank certificates of deposit were 1.47%, 1.64%, 1.49%, and 1.67% respectively, up 1.1 BP, 2.0 BP, 1.1 BP, and 1.0 BP respectively from August 8 [71] - As of August 15, 2025, the yields of 10 - year Treasury bonds in the US, Japan, the UK, and Germany were 4.3%, 1.6%, 4.7%, and 2.8% respectively, up 6 BP, 7 BP, 11 BP, and 9 BP respectively from August 8 [75] - On August 15, the central parity rate and spot exchange rate of the US dollar against the Chinese yuan were 7.14 and 7.18 respectively, down 11 and 3 pips respectively from August 8 [76] 4. Institutional Behavior - Since the beginning of 2025, the duration of medium - and long - term pure bond funds for interest - rate bonds has shown a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and has been continuously decreasing in the past three weeks. As of August 15, 2025, the estimated average duration was about 5.2 years, a decrease of about 0.04 years compared to last week (August 8) [79] - Since the beginning of 2025, the duration of medium - and long - term pure bond funds for credit bonds has shown a volatile trend. In the past three weeks, the duration has risen rapidly and then fluctuated. As of August 15, 2025, the estimated median duration was about 2.8 years, and the estimated average duration was about 2.7 years, an increase of about 0.14 years compared to last week (August 8) [81] 5. Investment Recommendations - The report is firmly bullish on the bond market. It is predicted that the yield of the 10Y Treasury bond will fluctuate between 1.6% - 1.8% in the second half of the year. After the recent correction, the 10Y Treasury bond is close to 1.75%, with high cost - effectiveness. The yield of the 10Y Treasury bond may gradually return to around 1.65%, and the yield of 5Y national - share second - tier bonds may fall below 1.9% [4][12][85] - Be bullish on long - duration sinking urban investment and capital bonds, urban investment dim - sum bonds and US dollar bonds. Strongly recommend perpetual bonds of Minsheng, Bohai, and Hengfeng Banks. Pay attention to capital bond opportunities of Tianjin Bank, Beibu Gulf Bank, and China Property Insurance [4][12][85]

Fixed Income - The report maintains a bullish outlook on the bond market, citing that the recent bond market pullback is primarily due to systematic duration reduction by bond funds and broker proprietary trading, rather than economic fundamentals [2][11][19] - Economic data from July shows significant weakness, with credit experiencing rare negative growth, indicating increased downward pressure on the economy in the second half of the year [2][10][14] - The central bank's continued easing and the expectation of low funding rates are expected to support bond carry, with a potential resumption of government bond purchases to stabilize issuance costs [11][12][19] Metals and New Materials - The report highlights a significant increase in lithium prices, with carbonate lithium rising by 15.0% to 83,000 yuan/ton and spodumene concentrate increasing by 20.98% to 940 USD/ton [3][20][23] - Copper prices are experiencing fluctuations due to Fed rate cut expectations, while aluminum prices are expected to remain stable amid rising inventories [20][21] - The cobalt market is anticipated to see price increases due to a temporary export ban from the Democratic Republic of Congo, which may lead to raw material shortages in Q4 [24] North Exchange - The North Exchange is progressing towards the "920" era, with the first nationwide test for stock code switching completed, indicating a move towards a more streamlined market structure [6][26][27] - 26 companies listed on the North Exchange reported positive mid-year results, with a median revenue growth of 17% and net profit growth of 27%, suggesting a healthy market environment [26][28] - The North Exchange market is expected to gradually become more optimistic, focusing on high-growth companies as the market stabilizes after a period of consolidation [26][28] New Consumption - The opening of the WuShang WS Jiangtun membership store has received a positive response, indicating strong consumer interest in innovative retail formats [30][31] - A strategic partnership between Rongtai Health and Meituan aims to enhance consumer health services through smart therapy solutions, reflecting a trend towards integrating technology in health and wellness [30] - The upcoming price adjustment by Laopu Gold is expected to generate significant consumer interest, potentially leading to a surge in sales [31][32] Transportation - The report on Meikewai (603713.SH) indicates strong performance in distribution services, with a 17.40% year-on-year revenue increase to 7.035 billion yuan in the first half of 2025 [34][35] - The company is expanding its logistics network and enhancing its service capabilities, particularly in the chemical distribution sector, which is expected to drive future growth [35][36] - The overall profitability of the company has improved, although there are short-term pressures on expenses due to increased sales and exchange losses [36][37]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Accumulate" (Maintain) [6] Core Views - The ongoing integration of computing and electricity is expected to open up growth opportunities for the company [6] - The establishment of a wholly-owned subsidiary for computing and electricity integration is a strategic move to enhance operational capabilities and project acquisition in the region [8] - The company is positioned to benefit from the increasing demand for green electricity in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, particularly with the development of data center clusters [8] Financial Summary - Revenue projections for the company are as follows: - 2023: 4,107 million RMB - 2024: 4,442 million RMB (growth of 8.15%) - 2025E: 4,925 million RMB (growth of 10.87%) - 2026E: 5,155 million RMB (growth of 4.67%) - 2027E: 5,408 million RMB (growth of 4.91%) [7] - Expected net profit for the company is projected to improve significantly: - 2023: -266 million RMB - 2024: 77 million RMB - 2025E: 116 million RMB (growth of 51.07%) - 2026E: 136 million RMB (growth of 17.54%) - 2027E: 170 million RMB (growth of 25.06%) [7] - Earnings per share (EPS) forecast: - 2023: -0.25 RMB - 2024: 0.07 RMB - 2025E: 0.11 RMB - 2026E: 0.13 RMB - 2027E: 0.16 RMB [7] Market Performance - The company is actively developing new energy projects in response to the increasing electricity demand driven by data center developments in the region [8] - The company has announced a plan for a private placement and dividend commitment, which is expected to improve corporate governance and project acquisition capabilities [8] - The company aims for significant growth in net profit over the next three years, with targets set for 2025-2027 [8]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information about the industry investment rating in the report. 2. Core Views of the Report - Overall, most credit spreads of different industries and ratings narrowed to varying degrees this week, while a few industries' credit spreads widened. The credit spreads of urban investment bonds fluctuated slightly, the 3Y industrial bond credit spreads adjusted significantly, and the AA medium - long - end spreads decreased. The 3Y bank secondary perpetual bond credit spreads widened significantly, and the spreads of other maturities widened slightly [3][39]. - The report continues to expect the 10Y Treasury yield to be between 1.6% - 1.8% in the second half of the year. After the recent pull - back, the 10Y Treasury is close to 1.75%, with prominent cost - effectiveness. The report is bullish on the 10Y Treasury yield returning to around 1.65%, and the 5Y national and joint - stock secondary capital bonds falling below 1.9%. The growth of wealth management scale is beneficial to credit bonds. It is bullish on long - duration and credit - sinking urban investment and capital bonds, urban investment dim - sum bonds and US dollar bonds, strongly recommends perpetual bonds of Minsheng, Bohai, and Hengfeng Banks, and suggests paying attention to capital bond opportunities of Tianjin Bank, Beibu Gulf Bank, and China Property Insurance [3][40]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Primary Market 3.1.1 Net Financing Scale - The net financing of credit bonds (excluding asset - backed securities) this week was 16.8 billion yuan, a decrease of 298 billion yuan compared with last week. The total issuance was 323.4 billion yuan, a decrease of 175 billion yuan, and the total repayment was 306.6 billion yuan, an increase of 122.9 billion yuan [7]. - The net financing of asset - backed securities this week was 27.8 billion yuan, an increase of 17 billion yuan compared with last week [7]. - By product type, the net financing of urban investment bonds was 35.4 billion yuan, a decrease of 40.2 billion yuan; the net financing of industrial bonds was 17.9 billion yuan, a decrease of 131.4 billion yuan; the net financing of financial bonds was - 36.5 billion yuan, a decrease of 126.4 billion yuan [7]. - In terms of issuance and redemption quantity, the issuance of urban investment bonds decreased by 21, and the redemption increased by 32; the issuance of industrial bonds decreased by 50, and the redemption increased by 39; the issuance of financial bonds decreased by 10, and the redemption increased by 14 [9]. 3.1.2 Issuance Cost - The weighted average issuance rate of AA industrial bonds increased significantly this week, while the issuance costs of other bond types were below 2.5%. The issuance rate of AA industrial bonds increased by 61BP compared with last week, mainly due to the "25 Xiangqiao Bond" [17]. 3.2 Secondary Market 3.2.1 Transaction Volume and Turnover - The trading volume of credit bonds (excluding asset - backed securities) decreased by 15.8 billion yuan compared with last week. The trading volume of urban investment bonds was 217 billion yuan, a decrease of 10.8 billion yuan; the trading volume of industrial bonds was 341 billion yuan, an increase of 9.4 billion yuan; the trading volume of financial bonds was 384.6 billion yuan, a decrease of 14.4 billion yuan. The trading volume of asset - backed securities was 18.3 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3 billion yuan [18]. - The turnover rate of credit bonds fluctuated slightly compared with last week. The turnover rate of urban investment bonds was 1.39%, a decrease of 0.07pct; the turnover rate of industrial bonds was 1.88%, an increase of 0.04pct; the turnover rate of financial bonds was 2.59%, a decrease of 0.09pct; the turnover rate of asset - backed securities was 0.5%, an increase of 0.24pct [18]. 3.2.2 Yield - The yields of credit bonds with different maturities increased to varying degrees this week, and the adjustment range of medium - long - term bonds was greater than that of short - term bonds. For example, the yields of AA, AAA -, and AAA + credit bonds within 1Y increased by 2BP, 2BP, and 1BP respectively; those of 3 - 5Y increased by 5BP; and those of over 10Y increased by 3 - 5BP [20][21]. - Taking AA + 5Y bonds of each type as an example, the yields of different types of bonds increased to varying degrees. For industrial bonds, the yields of privately - issued and perpetual industrial bonds increased by 6BP and 7BP respectively; for urban investment bonds, the yield of AA + 5Y urban investment bonds increased by 4BP; for financial bonds, the yields of commercial bank ordinary bonds and secondary capital bonds increased by 7BP and 8BP respectively; for asset - backed securities, the yield of AA + 5Y asset - backed securities increased by 6BP [22]. 3.2.3 Credit Spreads - Overall, most credit spreads of different industries and ratings narrowed to varying degrees this week, while a few industries' credit spreads widened. For example, the credit spread of AA non - bank finance widened by 6BP, and that of AA building materials narrowed by 6BP; the credit spreads of AA + electrical equipment and textile and apparel widened by 6BP and 17BP respectively, and that of AA + non - bank finance narrowed by 7BP. The fluctuations of other industries' and ratings' bond credit spreads did not exceed 5BP [2][24]. - **Urban Investment Bonds**: The credit spreads of urban investment bonds with different maturities fluctuated slightly. The 0.5 - 1Y credit spread compressed by less than 1BP, the 1 - 3Y spread widened by 1BP, the 3 - 5Y spread compressed by 1BP, the 5 - 10Y spread compressed by 1BP, and the over 10Y spread compressed by 2BP. Regionally, the fluctuations of urban investment credit spreads were within 5BP. For example, the AA credit spread in Shaanxi compressed by 5BP, and the AA + credit spread in Hebei compressed by 5BP [29][30]. - **Industrial Bonds**: The 3Y industrial bond credit spreads adjusted significantly this week, and the AA medium - long - end spreads decreased. The credit spreads of 3Y AAA -, AA +, and AA private and perpetual industrial bonds widened to varying degrees, while the 5Y and 10Y AA private and perpetual industrial bond credit spreads compressed [33]. - **Bank Capital Bonds**: The 3Y bank secondary perpetual bond credit spreads widened significantly this week, and the spreads of other maturities widened slightly [35]. 3.3 This Week's Bond Market Sentiment - 26 bond implicit ratings were downgraded this week, including 10 by Joy City Holdings Group Co., Ltd., 10 by Shanghai Waigaoqiao Group Co., Ltd., 4 by Chongqing Yerui Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., and 2 by Zhengxinglong Real Estate (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. The "20 Huaxia EB" issued by China Fortune Land Development Holdings Co., Ltd. was extended [36]. 3.4 Investment Recommendations - The report continues to expect the 10Y Treasury yield to be between 1.6% - 1.8% in the second half of the year. After the recent pull - back, the 10Y Treasury is close to 1.75%, with prominent cost - effectiveness. It is bullish on the 10Y Treasury yield returning to around 1.65%, and the 5Y national and joint - stock secondary capital bonds falling below 1.9%. The growth of wealth management scale is beneficial to credit bonds [3][40]. - It is bullish on long - duration and credit - sinking urban investment and capital bonds, urban investment dim - sum bonds and US dollar bonds, strongly recommends perpetual bonds of Minsheng, Bohai, and Hengfeng Banks, and suggests paying attention to capital bond opportunities of Tianjin Bank, Beibu Gulf Bank, and China Property Insurance [40].