1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View of the Report The report is a weekly observation of credit bonds from August 4th to August 8th, 2025. It shows that credit - bond issuance increased significantly on the primary market, while the total trading volume decreased on the secondary market. Industry and regional credit spreads showed mixed trends [1][3][4]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Primary Market 3.1.1 Issuance Statistics - From August 4th to August 8th, 2025, 411 credit bonds were issued, with a total issuance scale of 437.957 billion yuan, a 71.67% increase compared to the previous period [1][11]. - In terms of issuance scale, 185 industrial bonds were issued, with a scale of 175.948 billion yuan (a 37.05% increase and accounting for 40.17% of the total); 184 urban investment bonds were issued, with a scale of 119.809 billion yuan (a 35.62% increase and accounting for 27.36% of the total); 42 financial bonds were issued, with a scale of 142.2 billion yuan (a 270.31% increase and accounting for 32.47% of the total) [1][11]. - The average issuance term of credit bonds was 3.22 years, with industrial bonds at 2.89 years, urban investment bonds at 3.83 years, and financial bonds at 1.90 years [1][13]. - The average issuance coupon rate of credit bonds was 2.11%, with industrial bonds at 2.04%, urban investment bonds at 2.25%, and financial bonds at 1.78% [2][17]. 3.1.2 Cancellation of Issuance Statistics - Five credit bonds were cancelled for issuance this week [3][22]. 3.2 Secondary Market 3.2.1 Credit Spread Tracking - Industry credit spreads showed mixed trends. For AAA - rated industries, the credit spread of the automobile industry increased the most (2.3BP), while that of the mining industry decreased the most (1.5BP); for AA + - rated industries, the computer industry increased the most (6.5BP), and the non - ferrous metals industry decreased the most (11.8BP); for AA - rated industries, the commercial trade industry increased the most (6.7BP), and the media industry decreased the most (2.8BP) [3][24]. - Coal credit spreads decreased overall, while steel credit spreads showed mixed trends. AAA and AA + - rated coal credit spreads decreased by 0.4BP and 0.3BP respectively; AAA and AA + - rated steel credit spreads increased by 1BP and decreased by 2.1BP respectively [24]. - Urban investment credit spreads of all levels decreased overall, while non - urban investment credit spreads showed mixed trends. The three levels of urban investment credit spreads decreased by 0.5BP, 0.8BP, and 1.5BP respectively; the three levels of non - urban investment credit spreads increased by 0.1BP, 0.6BP, and decreased by 0.6BP respectively [24]. - State - owned enterprise credit spreads showed mixed trends, while private enterprise credit spreads decreased overall. The three levels of central state - owned enterprise credit spreads increased by 0.4BP, 1BP, and decreased by 2.3BP respectively; the three levels of local state - owned enterprise credit spreads decreased by 0.2BP, 0.7BP, and 0.9BP respectively; the three levels of private enterprise credit spreads decreased by 0.1BP, 0.1BP, and 6.3BP respectively [25]. - Regional urban investment credit spreads showed mixed trends. In terms of spread levels, for AAA - rated regions, the top three were Shaanxi, Yunnan, and Liaoning; for AA + - rated regions, the top three were Qinghai, Gansu, and Shaanxi; for AA - rated regions, the top three were Shaanxi, Yunnan, and Sichuan. In terms of month - on - month changes, for AAA - rated regions, Yunnan increased the most (0.4BP), and Jilin decreased the most (2BP); for AA + - rated regions, Qinghai increased the most (4.6BP), and Liaoning decreased the most (7BP); for AA - rated regions, Shaanxi increased the most (0.5BP), and Hebei decreased the most (21.8BP) [26]. 3.2.2 Trading Volume Statistics - The total trading volume of credit bonds was 1263.376 billion yuan, a decrease of 11.51% compared to the previous period. The top three in terms of trading volume were commercial bank bonds, corporate bonds, and medium - term notes. Commercial bank bonds had a trading volume of 373.834 billion yuan (a 28.05% decrease and accounting for 29.59% of the total); corporate bonds had a trading volume of 352.34 billion yuan (an 11.18% increase and accounting for 27.89% of the total); medium - term notes had a trading volume of 315.271 billion yuan (a 1.98% decrease and accounting for 24.95% of the total) [4][27]. 3.2.3 Actively Traded Bonds This Week - The report selected the top 20 urban investment bonds, industrial bonds, and financial bonds in terms of trading volume this week for investors' reference [29].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the banking industry, indicating an expected investment return exceeding the market benchmark index by over 15% in the next 6-12 months [1]. Core Insights - The report anticipates a seasonal decline in loan issuance for July, predicting new RMB loans to be less than 100 billion, with a year-on-year decrease of 200 billion, resulting in a growth rate around 7% [4][5]. - Social financing (社融) is expected to remain stable in July, with an estimated increase of 1-1.2 trillion, reflecting a year-on-year increase of approximately 300-500 billion, and a growth rate of around 9% [13]. - The report highlights a seasonal drop in corporate credit demand, with short-term loans expected to show negative growth, while retail loan growth remains weak due to low consumer leverage willingness [6][7]. Summary by Sections Loan Issuance - In June, loan issuance saw a seasonal peak but was constrained by insufficient demand, with a total of 3.1 trillion in new loans for the second quarter, a year-on-year decrease of 670 billion [4]. - The report predicts that July will see a further decline in loan issuance, with corporate loan demand particularly weak due to economic pressures [6]. Social Financing - The report forecasts that government bond issuance will continue to support social financing growth, with a projected increase of 1.25 trillion in government bonds for July, a year-on-year increase of 566.2 billion [14]. - Direct financing through corporate bonds and other instruments is also expected to show marginal recovery, contributing to the overall social financing growth [13]. Monetary Indicators - M1 growth is expected to remain stable around 4.5%, while M2 growth may see a slight decline to approximately 8.1% due to seasonal factors and shifts in deposit patterns [17]. - The report notes a "see-saw" effect between different types of deposits, impacting the overall monetary growth dynamics [17].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the internet media industry, indicating an expected investment return exceeding 15% over the next 6-12 months [5]. Core Insights - Duolingo's Q2 2025 performance exceeded expectations, with revenue reaching $250 million, a 41% year-over-year increase, and net profit of $45 million, reflecting an 83.9% growth [1]. - The company reported a significant increase in daily active users (DAU) to 47.7 million, a 40% year-over-year growth, and a monthly active user (MAU) count of 128 million [2]. - The paid user base grew to 10.9 million, a 37% increase, with the paid penetration rate rising from 7.7% in Q2 2024 to 8.5% in Q2 2025 [2]. - Duolingo's Q3 2025 guidance is optimistic, projecting revenue between $257 million and $261 million, surpassing consensus expectations [2]. - The report highlights that the negative impact of AI-generated content backlash is primarily localized to the U.S. market, while DAU growth in the Asia-Pacific region remains strong [4]. Summary by Sections Financial Performance - Q2 2025 revenue was $250 million, exceeding Refinitiv consensus by 4.82%, with adjusted EBITDA at $79 million, surpassing expectations by 29.06% [1][2]. - The company raised its full-year revenue guidance from $987 million to a range of $1.011 billion to $1.019 billion, indicating a positive outlook [2]. User Engagement - DAU/MAU ratio improved to 37.2% from 32.9% in Q2 2024, indicating enhanced user engagement [2]. - The introduction of a new incentive mechanism in the app has positively impacted revenue and user retention [3]. Market Expansion - Duolingo's collaboration with Luckin Coffee in China has significantly boosted brand visibility and market growth [3]. - The report notes that the AI feature penetration rate is expected to drive customer value and enhance user loyalty [4].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the internet media industry, indicating an expected investment return exceeding 15% over the next 6-12 months [4]. Core Insights - AppLovin's revenue and EBITDA continue to show high growth, with Q2 2025 revenue reaching $1.259 billion, a 77% year-over-year increase, although slightly below consensus expectations by 0.94%. Adjusted EBITDA was $1.018 billion, up 99% year-over-year, exceeding expectations by 2.12%. Net profit was $820 million, a 164% increase, surpassing expectations by 15.75% [1]. - For Q3 2025, AppLovin projects revenue between $1.32 billion and $1.34 billion, with a midpoint of $1.33 billion, which is 0.99% above consensus expectations. Adjusted EBITDA is expected to be between $1.07 billion and $1.09 billion, with a midpoint of $1.08 billion, exceeding expectations by 2.47% [1]. - The growth in revenue for Q2 2025 was primarily driven by game advertising, with the MAX market maintaining double-digit growth, significantly outpacing the in-app purchase game market. The platform has over 70% penetration among game advertisers, with stable re-investment from top clients [2]. - AXON, as a self-service core platform, has undergone significant upgrades and is expected to drive long-term growth in e-commerce, despite short-term pressures. Current annualized revenue from e-commerce is approximately $1 billion, with advertiser penetration below 1% [2]. - The report suggests that AppLovin's strong fundamentals in game advertising and high re-investment rates provide a solid foundation for growth, with a clear timeline for the rollout of AXON in international markets by October 2025 and a global launch in the first half of 2026 [3].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Increase" rating for the companies involved in the brain-computer interface (BCI) industry, specifically recommending companies like Weisi Medical and Xiangyu Medical [5]. Core Insights - The recent "Implementation Opinions" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other ministries focus on five key tasks and three major projects aimed at accelerating the development of the BCI industry, with goals set for 2027 and 2030 [1][2]. - By 2027, the report anticipates achieving international advanced levels in electrodes, chips, and complete machines, as well as establishing 2-3 industrial development clusters [1]. - By 2030, the aim is to cultivate 2-3 global leading enterprises and build a competitive industrial ecosystem [1]. Summary by Sections Key Tasks and Projects - The five key tasks outlined include strengthening foundational software and hardware, creating high-performance products, promoting the application of technological achievements, expanding innovative entities, and enhancing industrial support capabilities [2]. - The three major projects consist of core software and hardware foundational projects, high-quality complete machine projects, and application expansion projects [2]. Local Action Plans - Local governments, such as Beijing and Shanghai, have introduced action plans to develop the BCI industry, with Beijing aiming to form an initial industrial ecosystem by 2030 and Shanghai targeting the completion of over five invasive and semi-invasive BCI products by 2027 [3]. - Sichuan Province plans to cultivate 10 leading enterprises and 200 innovative SMEs by 2030, with a target of performing 3,000 invasive BCI surgeries annually [3]. Product Development and Clinical Trials - The report notes that non-invasive BCI products are progressing rapidly, with several companies expected to receive approvals for their products in the second half of the year [4]. - Companies like Brain Tiger Technology and Ladder Medical are leading in the clinical trial progress for invasive and semi-invasive BCI products [4]. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends investing in companies that have early layouts in BCI products, such as Xiangyu Medical and Weisi Medical, while also suggesting attention to other companies like Chengyitong and Aipeng Medical [4].

Investment Rating - The report downgrades the investment rating to "Accumulate" [3][5] Core Views - The company's H1 2025 revenue is 6.248 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 9.28%, with a net profit attributable to the parent company of -0.068 billion, indicating a shift to loss [1] - The loss is attributed to impairment and investments in new businesses, with the actual profit from the ternary business being approximately 0.077 billion after excluding new industry investments [1] - Sales volume of ternary materials reached 50,000 tons in H1 2025, with expectations for further growth in the second half of the year due to clearer tariff policies and new overseas production [1][2] - The company is leading in solid-state battery cathode layout, with high-nickel cathode production capacity increasing and new product lines being developed [2] - The report predicts a significant reduction in net profit forecasts for 2025-2027, with corresponding PE ratios of 159, 33, and 25 [3] Summary by Sections Financial Performance - H1 2025 revenue: 62.48 billion, down 9.28% YoY; Q2 revenue: 32.85 billion, up 3% YoY and 11% QoQ [1] - Q2 gross margin: 8.94%, an increase of 0.79 percentage points [1] - Net profit forecast for 2025: 0.97 billion, down 88% from previous estimates [3] Business Development - The company is expanding its overseas production capacity, with a 20,000 tons/year high-nickel cathode factory in Korea passing international customer certification [2] - Sodium battery products are positioned for growth in various sectors, with production expected to ramp up in late 2025 to 2026 [2] - Solid-state battery technology is advancing, with high-nickel and lithium-rich manganese-based cathodes already in production [2] Valuation Metrics - Revenue projections for 2025E: 13.76 billion, with a growth rate of -8.80% [4] - Net profit projections for 2026E: 4.75 billion, with a growth rate of 389.42% [4] - The report highlights the scarcity of the company's overseas production capacity as a potential competitive advantage [3]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company, indicating a positive outlook for the stock in the coming 6-12 months [4]. Core Views - The company reported a slight decline in revenue for the first half of 2025, with total revenue at RMB 543.8 billion, down 0.54% year-on-year, while the main business revenue grew by 0.7% to RMB 467.0 billion [1]. - Net profit attributable to shareholders increased by 5.0% to RMB 84.2 billion, and EBITDA rose by 2.0% to RMB 186.0 billion, reflecting improved profitability [1][3]. - The company is focusing on AI-driven growth, with significant investments in AI infrastructure and a robust service system for various industries, leading to a substantial increase in AI-related revenue [3]. Summary by Sections Financial Performance - In H1 2025, the company achieved a net profit of RMB 84.2 billion, a 5.0% increase year-on-year, and an EBITDA of RMB 186.0 billion, up 2.0% [1][3]. - The operating profit for the same period was RMB 106.3 billion, reflecting a 3.7% growth compared to the previous year [3]. Revenue Breakdown - Personal market revenue was RMB 244.7 billion, down 4.1% year-on-year, while the enterprise and government market revenue grew by 5.6% to RMB 118.2 billion [2]. - The family market saw a revenue increase of 7.4% to RMB 75.0 billion, with a total of 284 million broadband customers [2]. AI Development - The company has established large-scale AI computing centers and signed 1,485 AI+DICT projects, indicating a strong commitment to AI integration across various sectors [3]. Future Projections - The report forecasts net profits for 2025, 2026, and 2027 to be RMB 146.0 billion, RMB 152.3 billion, and RMB 158.7 billion respectively, with corresponding P/E ratios of 16X, 15X, and 15X [4][5].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In July 2025, the secondary - market prices of publicly - offered REITs in China showed a fluctuating trend, with a relatively average performance compared to other mainstream asset classes. The return rates of different types of REITs varied, and the trading volume and net inflow of main funds also had different characteristics [1][2]. - Policies were introduced in various regions in July 2025 to support the issuance of REITs for eligible infrastructure projects, which is expected to promote the development of the REITs market [41]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Primary Market 3.1.1 Listed Projects - As of July 31, 2025, there were 70 publicly - offered REITs in China, with a total issuance scale of 182.057 billion yuan (excluding expansion). The transportation infrastructure - type REITs had the largest issuance scale at 68.771 billion yuan, followed by the park infrastructure - type at 31.835 billion yuan [11]. - In July 2025, two REITs were newly listed: CICC Jinhui First Agricultural Park REIT on July 25 with an issuance scale of 3.685 billion yuan, and BOC Sinotrans Logistics REIT on July 29 with an issuance scale of 1.311 billion yuan [11]. 3.1.2 Pending - listing Projects - As of July 31, 2025, there were 19 REITs pending listing, including 13 first - offering REITs and 6 REITs for expansion. The project status of several REITs was updated in July [14]. 3.2 Secondary - market Performance 3.2.1 Price Trend - **At the major asset level**: In July 2025, the secondary - market prices of publicly - offered REITs showed a fluctuating trend. The return rates from high to low were: crude oil > convertible bonds > A - shares > US stocks > REITs > pure bonds > gold [2]. - **At the underlying asset level**: The secondary - market prices of equity - type REITs and franchise - type REITs showed differentiation in July. Equity - type REITs rose, while franchise - type REITs fell. The consumer - type REITs had the largest increase this month, and the underlying asset types with positive returns were consumer - type and ecological environmental protection - type [20][23]. - **At the single - REIT level**: In July, publicly - offered REITs showed mixed performance, with 27 rising and 43 falling. The top three in terms of increase were China Merchants Science and Innovation REIT, Huaxia China Resources Commercial REIT, and Boshi Tianjin - Binhai New Area Industrial Park REIT [25]. 3.2.2 Trading Volume and Turnover Rate - **At the underlying asset level**: In July, the trading volume of publicly - offered REITs increased compared to the previous month, and the ecological environmental protection - type REITs led in the average daily turnover rate. The total trading volume of 70 listed REITs in July was 13.91 billion yuan, and the average daily turnover rate was 0.83% [28]. - **At the single - REIT level**: In terms of trading volume, the top three were Huaxia Hefei High - tech Industrial Park REIT, CICC Jinhui First Agricultural Park REIT, and Huaxia Beijing Affordable Housing REIT; in terms of trading amount, the top three were CICC Jinhui First Agricultural Park REIT, Huaxia Beijing Affordable Housing REIT, and Huaxia China Resources Commercial REIT; in terms of turnover rate, the top three were CICC China Greentown Commercial REIT, BOC Sinotrans Logistics REIT, and CICC Jinhui First Agricultural Park REIT [32]. 3.2.3 Main Capital Inflow and Block Trading - **Main capital inflow**: In July, the total net inflow of main funds was 197.81 million yuan, and the market trading enthusiasm declined compared to the previous month. The top three underlying asset types in terms of net inflow were park infrastructure, warehousing and logistics, and ecological environmental protection. The top three single - REITs in terms of net inflow were CICC Jinhui First Agricultural Park REIT, BOC Sinotrans Logistics REIT, and AVIC Shougang Green Energy REIT [33][35]. - **Block trading**: In July, the total block - trading amount was 1.49 billion yuan, a decrease compared to the previous month. The top three single - REITs in terms of block - trading amount were Huaxia China Resources Commercial REIT, Huaxia Beijing Affordable Housing REIT, and CICC Shandong Expressway REIT [4][38]. 3.3 Relevant Policies In July 2025, governments in various regions introduced policies to support the issuance of REITs for eligible infrastructure projects, covering consumption, culture and tourism, logistics, and other fields [41][42][44].

Investment Rating - The report has downgraded the investment rating to "Accumulate" due to short-term performance pressure [4]. Core Views - The company is expected to achieve total revenue of RMB 2.48 billion in 1H25, a year-on-year increase of 14.3%, driven by the recovery of the Chinese film market and an increase in self-produced films [1]. - The forecasted net profit attributable to shareholders for 1H25 is RMB 170 million, a year-on-year decrease of 41.9%, primarily due to losses from self-produced films and increased investment in performance business [1]. - The online entertainment ticketing revenue is projected to be RMB 1.19 billion in 1H25, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 13.4% [2]. - The entertainment content service revenue is expected to reach RMB 1.19 billion in 1H25, a year-on-year increase of 16.5% [3]. - The gross profit margin for 1H25 is anticipated to be 39.2%, a decrease of 14.1 percentage points year-on-year, mainly due to low ROI from self-produced films and increased costs from infrastructure investments in the performance business [3]. Revenue and Profit Forecast - The revenue forecast for 2025 and 2026 has been revised down to RMB 4.4 billion and RMB 4.8 billion respectively, reflecting a decrease of 4% from previous estimates [4]. - The net profit forecast for 2025 and 2026 has been significantly reduced to RMB 320 million and RMB 520 million, representing a decrease of 56% and 42% from previous estimates [4]. - The earnings per share (EPS) for 2025 is projected to be RMB 0.28, with a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 24 [5]. Market Performance - The total box office revenue in China for 1H25 is expected to reach RMB 29.231 billion, a year-on-year increase of 22.91% [2]. - The performance market for large-scale commercial shows has shown moderate growth, with ticket revenue during the "May Day" holiday reaching RMB 1.212 billion, a year-on-year increase of 5.12% [2].

Investment Rating - The report has downgraded the investment rating to "Accumulate" due to short-term performance pressure [4]. Core Views - The company is expected to achieve total revenue of RMB 2.48 billion in 1H25, representing a year-on-year increase of 14.3%, driven by the recovery of the Chinese film market and an increase in self-produced films [1]. - The forecasted net profit attributable to shareholders for 1H25 is RMB 170 million, a decline of 41.9%, primarily due to losses from self-produced films and increased investment in the performance business [1]. - The online entertainment ticketing revenue is projected to be RMB 1.19 billion in 1H25, up 13.4% year-on-year, supported by a strong film box office performance [2]. - The entertainment content service revenue is expected to reach RMB 1.19 billion in 1H25, reflecting a 16.5% year-on-year increase, despite some self-produced films underperforming [3]. - The gross profit margin for 1H25 is anticipated to be 39.2%, down 14.1 percentage points year-on-year, due to low ROI from self-produced films and increased costs from infrastructure investments in the performance business [3]. Revenue and Profit Forecast - The revenue forecast for 2025 and 2026 has been adjusted down to RMB 4.4 billion and RMB 4.8 billion respectively, reflecting a decrease of 4% from previous estimates [4]. - The net profit forecast for 2025 and 2026 has been revised down to RMB 320 million and RMB 520 million respectively, a significant reduction of 56% and 42% from previous estimates [4]. - The earnings per share (EPS) for 2025 is projected to be RMB 0.28, with a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 24 [5].