与瑞士央行的维稳立场形成鲜明对比的是，美联储此前如期实施25个基点降息，并释放出更为鸽派的政 策信号。美联储主席鲍威尔淡化通胀担忧，明确排除加息可能性，市场普遍预期2026年美联储将继续推 进货币宽松进程，直接导致美元指数承受下行压力，进一步放大了美元兑瑞郎的跌幅。这种政策周期的 错位成为当前汇价走势的核心结构性驱动因素——美联储已进入明确的降息通道，而瑞士央行因利率已 处于0%水平，政策宽松空间受到显著约束，这种不对称格局持续影响着两种货币的相对强弱关系。 通胀层面，瑞士物价形势持续低迷，11月消费者物价指数(CPI)同比涨幅降至0%，较8月的0.2%进一步 回落，主要受酒店住宿、房租及服装等领域价格下行拖累。基于此，瑞士央行下调了中期通胀预期，将 2026年通胀预期从0.5%下调至0.3%，2027年预期从0.7%下调至0.6%，反映出该行对未来物价压力的判 断更趋谨慎。尽管通胀低迷引发市场对瑞士央行进一步宽松的猜测，但结合其对负利率的谨慎态度，短 期政策调整概率较低。 经济增长方面，瑞士第三季度GDP因制药行业出口回调出现收缩，但其他制造业和服务业的温和增长部 分抵消了这一拖累；瑞士央行预计2025年G ...

Economic Growth Forecast - The Federal Reserve raised its economic growth forecast for 2026, projecting GDP to increase by 2.3%, up from a previous forecast of 1.8% [2] - Strong GDP growth is often associated with strong stock market returns, which is positive news for investors [3] Stock Market Performance - Wall Street anticipates another strong performance from the S&P 500 in 2026, with a projected index level of 7,968, indicating a potential upside of about 17% from its current level of 6,827 [8] - The S&P 500 has historically shown muted returns following interest rate cuts, averaging only 3% in the year after such cuts, compared to a long-term average return of about 10% [6][5] Earnings Growth Expectations - Analysts expect S&P 500 earnings to grow by 13.1% in 2025 and 14.7% in 2026, driven by strong results from the information technology and materials sectors [9] - Factors contributing to this optimistic outlook include reductions in corporate taxes due to new deductions for R&D spending and equipment purchases, as well as the positive impact of artificial intelligence on revenue and operating margins [10] Valuation Concerns - The S&P 500 is currently trading at 22.5 times forward earnings, which is above its five-year average of 20 and ten-year average of 18.7, indicating that stocks are historically expensive [7]

Core Insights - Republican lawmakers are urging President Trump for additional farm relief and support for agricultural equipment manufacturers due to the adverse effects of his tariff policies on farmers and the equipment industry [1][2][3] Group 1: Impact of Tariffs on Farmers - Farmers are experiencing financial strain due to Trump's tariff policies, which have negatively affected their reliance on exports, particularly to China [2] - The combination of low commodity prices and high input costs, such as fertilizer, has forced farmers to reduce spending, impacting their ability to purchase new equipment [2][3] - The demand for new equipment has decreased, leading to layoffs at major manufacturers like Deere [2] Group 2: Manufacturer Perspectives - Deere's agriculture division president noted that the U.S. market is under significant pressure due to trade flow disruptions and escalating internal costs [3] - The Association of Equipment Manufacturers expressed concern that high tariffs on essential parts could inadvertently harm farmers and increase costs for consumers [3] Group 3: Legislative Actions and Proposals - Senator Chuck Grassley has communicated with the White House and relevant departments, advocating for targeted relief from tariffs for equipment manufacturers [4] - Other Republican senators, including John Hoeven, have discussed the need for aid to farmers regarding equipment costs during meetings with Trump [5] - Trump has suggested reducing regulatory burdens on equipment manufacturers to lower costs, contingent on those companies reducing their prices [6] Group 4: Challenges Ahead - There is skepticism about the feasibility of increasing farmers' income to enable them to purchase new equipment, given the already tight margins in farming operations [7][8]

据哥伦比亚Valora Analitik网站12月4日报道，哥全国外贸协会主席迪亚斯预计，哥今明两年出口表 现将持续低迷，2025年出口额或低于500亿美元，2026年恐进一步下滑。迪亚斯称，受政府推进能源转 型影响，明年矿能类出口将继续下降。咖啡虽将在2025年迎来历史性收官，但2026年产量及国际价格预 计双双回落。迪同时对2026年美国贸易政策走向及持续的政治摩擦表示担忧，认为相关不确定性将拖累 哥外贸表现。美方已于11月调整关税政策，将包括咖啡、可可、牛油果、香蕉等在内的多项哥农产品关 税降至零，但另一批产品仍需通过双边谈判才能降税，而在当前外交关系紧张背景下，哥方争取空间有 限。协会同时警告，巴西、厄瓜多尔及中美洲国家正加速与美方达成协议，哥在竞争中处于不利位置。 （原标题：哥伦比亚2025年出口或难达500亿美元） ...

特朗普对加拿大再发关税威胁。 据人民日报社主管的《国际金融报》报道，美国总统特朗普在12月8日于白宫举行的一场圆桌会议上威 胁称，为了提振美国国内化肥生产，"如有必要"会对加拿大进口化肥征收"非常高的关税"。 "很多（化肥）确实来自加拿大……因此，如果必须的话，我们将最终对其征收非常严厉的 关税，因为这是你想在这里（指美国）支持的方式。" 美国农业部长布鲁克·罗林斯表示，政府正在制定计划将化肥生产迁回美国，并指示化肥生产商降低价 格。据悉，美国农民依赖加拿大萨斯喀彻温省的钾肥补充土壤养分。加拿大超过90%的化肥用于出口， 其中一半以上销往美国。 根据化肥行业组织Fertilizer Canada的数据，加拿大生产的化肥约有95%用于出口，而美国是其最大的市 场，占每年化肥出口总量的一半以上。 鉴于美国市场对加拿大钾肥和氮肥的高度依赖，若新关税威胁落地，其可能迅速传导至终端市场，增加 美国农民的生产成本，并对依赖对美出口的加拿大生产商构成压力。 在发出关税威胁的同时，特朗普政府正准备一项120亿美元的农民援助计划。这项计划旨在为受贸易争 端影响的农民提供"急需的确定性"。农业部长Brooke Rollins透露 ...

（来源：领盛Optivest） 基本面总结： 1．加拿大11月失业率降至16个月低点，兼职岗位激增成主要动力 美国商务部最新数据显示，美国9月消费者支出在此前连续三个月强劲增长后仅录得0.3%的温和增幅，反映第三季度末经济动能减弱。在高生活成本及疲 弱劳动力市场的双重压力下，需求受到抑制。 加拿大11月失业率降至16个月来的最低水平，而这一变化主要由兼职岗位的大幅增加所推动。数据显示，加拿大11月失业率降至6.5%，创2024年7月以来 的新低，当月净增加就业岗位53，600个，使得自9月以来的新增就业岗位累计达到181，000个。与此前美国加征关税并造成贸易不确定性、从而抑制企业 招聘的前八个月相比，加拿大就业市场自9月起呈现明显复苏。 11月失业率下降的主要原因是兼职劳动力净增加了63，000人，增量集中在医疗保健和社会援助行业。此外，政府实施的移民限制政策导致劳动力规模缩 小，这在一定程度上也对失业率的下降产生了影响。此前路透社调查的分析师普遍预计11月就业岗位将减少5，000个，并预期失业率将小幅升至7%，因 此实际数据明显好于市场预期。 加拿大蒙特利尔银行首席经济学家道格·波特指出，失业率在11月大 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report The report provides weekly views on various non - ferrous metals, analyzing their supply, demand, inventory and price trends, and giving corresponding investment suggestions for each metal. 3. Summary by Metal Categories Copper - Market sentiment is bullish for the medium - long term, with high enthusiasm for long - term copper market allocation. In Q1 2026, major mines are difficult to resume production significantly, and lower long - term processing fees lead to reduced smelting capacity, increasing downward pressure on global refined copper smelting growth. The probability of the Fed cutting interest rates in December is rising, and the market is concerned about the change of the Japanese yen's interest rate. The manufacturing PMI of major northern - hemisphere economies is in decline at the end of the year [1]. - Domestic supply and demand show that there is no impetus for production increase. The inventory in the Q area has exceeded the peak in the mid - 1990s, and the US has difficulty in quickly digesting it. However, due to the potential of Trump's trade policy, the US is expected to import copper in 2026. The copper price may reach $11,500 - $12,000 in Q1 2026, and the domestic copper price may enter the high - level range of 92,000 yuan. It is recommended to short - sell at high points in the short - term and hold long positions at 88,000 - 87,800 yuan [1]. Aluminum and Alumina - Alumina has a significant surplus, with domestic operating capacity at a historical high. It will run weakly until large - scale production reduction occurs, with support at the annual low of 2,600 yuan [2]. - New production capacity is being added. Tian Shan Aluminum's second - phase project will increase production by 120,000 tons this year and another 120,000 tons in the first half of 2026. An overseas joint - venture project in Indonesia is expected to increase production by about 80,000 tons per year and reach a production capacity of 500,000 tons in October next year [2]. - The downstream demand is mixed. The overall开工 rate of downstream leading enterprises has increased by 0.45% to 62.3%, with some automotive - related fields being relatively strong, but the construction industry is still sluggish. The inventory has decreased slightly, and the spot discount has slightly expanded. The Shanghai aluminum price will continue to oscillate to test the previous high of 22,000 yuan [2]. Zinc - The zinc market has a supply reduction expectation, and the rebound pressure is weakening. The LME zinc inventory has increased, and the output of overseas smelters has not increased significantly in Q3. The domestic zinc concentrate supply is tight, and the smelter output is expected to decline by more than 20,000 tons in December [3]. - The consumption growth expectation is insufficient due to the real - estate market, the slowdown of infrastructure investment, the end of the photovoltaic and wind - power installation rush, and the arrival of the off - season in the north. The Shanghai zinc price will oscillate in the range of 22,200 - 23,000 yuan per ton, with cost support [3]. Lead - The LME lead inventory is at a high level, and the lead import window is open. The domestic and foreign lead prices have weakened synchronously. The domestic primary lead supply is tight, while the recycled lead has a situation of simultaneous maintenance and resumption. The lead consumption lacks an incremental expectation [4]. - The cost and consumption are in a game, and the Shanghai lead price will oscillate in the range of 17,000 - 17,300 yuan per ton [4]. Nickel and Stainless Steel - The nickel market has rebounded, with the Shanghai nickel and stainless - steel prices rising. The inventory of stainless - steel 300 - series cold - rolled products has increased, and the market sentiment has slightly recovered but lacks sustainability [5]. - The overall supply of the nickel industry chain is increasing, and it is more reasonable to short - sell at high positions [5]. Tin - The tin price has soared, with the London tin approaching $40,000 and the Shanghai tin breaking through the 200,000 - yuan mark. The supply is affected by transportation interruptions in Congo (Kinshasa) and the resumption of production in Myanmar. The consumption highlights are in the semiconductor and automotive integrated - circuit fields [6]. - The inventory level is neutral. It is recommended to be cautious when chasing high prices, and spot hedging short - sellers should be equipped with hedging strategies [6]. Lithium Carbonate - The lithium carbonate market has strong demand, with the spot price rising. The downstream production is active, and the total market inventory has decreased. The mining end price is strong [7]. - The overall fundamentals are strong, and short - sellers are at a disadvantage [7]. Industrial Silicon - The price of industrial silicon has a stable upward trend in the range. The supply in the Sichuan - Yunnan region is expected to decrease due to the dry season, and the demand is expected to decrease by about 4,000 tons due to the joint emission - reduction plan of the organic silicon industry [8]. - The social inventory has increased by 2,000 tons to 550,000 tons, and the market will continue to oscillate in the short - term [8]. Polysilicon - The polysilicon futures price has increased, with the 2512 contract breaking through 60,000 yuan per ton. The production in November decreased by more than expected, and there is still room for downward adjustment in December. The demand for silicon wafers and components has decreased significantly [9]. - The factory inventory has increased by 10,000 tons to 281,000 tons. The exchange has adjusted the speculative margin, and the market sentiment has cooled down [9].

Report Industry Investment Rating - The investment rating is neutral [8] Core Viewpoints of the Report - In 2025, the core contradiction in the global oil market is focused on the good production in major producing countries and the uncertainty of biodiesel industry policies and trade policies. In the palm oil sector, Indonesia's production in 2025 is expected to increase by 10% year-on-year, and Malaysia's annual production remains stable, with an unexpectedly high inventory in October. For soybean oil, although the global soybean production has a phased decline due to the US, the increase in South American soybean production ensures a bumper global soybean harvest. Rapeseed oil supply is also basically good, with the EU's rapeseed production increase contributing 54.7% of the global increment. China's anti - dumping deposit policy on Canadian rapeseed has significantly reduced China's rapeseed import scale. On the demand side, biodiesel policies show great fluctuations, and Indonesia's B50 expectation, as well as the US biodiesel blending targets and subsidy policies, have a great impact on the demand side [4][96] - The prices of the three major domestic oils show a significant differentiation trend, and the difference in supply - demand patterns and policy regulation directions are the core influencing variables. Rapeseed oil prices show a characteristic of oscillating upward with a rising bottom. The policy of imposing anti - dumping deposits on Canadian rapeseed in August has broken the previous supply - demand balance, leading to a sharp decline in domestic rapeseed inventory and a drop in the oil mill operating rate. Although the inventory was high in the first half of the year, the expectation of supply contraction has become the core pricing logic. Soybean oil prices oscillate between cost support and inventory suppression. After April, the concentrated arrival of South American soybeans has led to high crushing volume and a rise in inventory, and the weakening of the double - festival stocking demand has caused a price correction. The soybean gap in the third and fourth quarters may have less impact than expected. Palm oil prices show a downward oscillating trend. The increase in production in major producing countries and the surge in domestic imports have brought double supply pressure, increasing the domestic inventory. Only the implementation of Indonesia's B40 policy has provided phased support, but the uncertainty of the future B50 policy still poses great price risks [4][5][97] - Future research on the oil market should focus on three core factors. On the supply side, it is necessary to track the weather changes during the sowing period of South American soybeans, the entry of major palm oil producing countries into the seasonal production - reduction cycle, the implementation progress and funding guarantee of Indonesia's B50 biodiesel policy, and the changes in China - Canada trade policies and the export scale of Australian rapeseed to China. On the demand side, it is necessary to focus on the recovery of domestic catering consumption and the boost of the US biodiesel industry's profit improvement on soybean oil consumption. In terms of inventory, the high inventory pressure of soybean oil needs to be digested through the expansion of the export market and the recovery of terminal consumption, the inventory accumulation pressure of palm oil may gradually ease with the arrival of the seasonal production - reduction period in producing areas, and the low - inventory pattern of rapeseed oil is difficult to change fundamentally in the short term [4][6][98] Summary According to the Directory 2025 Review of the Three Major Oils' Market Conditions - From January to October 2025, the prices of the three major domestic vegetable oils fluctuated greatly and showed significant differentiation. Rapeseed oil prices oscillated upward, with the spot average price in October rising 10.5% compared to January. Soybean oil prices slightly fluctuated between cost and inventory, with the average price in October rising only 2.28% compared to January. Palm oil prices oscillated downward, with the average price in October falling 6.47% compared to January [12] - From January to March, the three major oils were in the initial game stage. Rapeseed oil was balanced between high carry - over inventory and Spring Festival stocking demand. Soybean oil oscillated at the bottom, supported by low soybean arrivals and low crushing volume. Palm oil oscillated downward under policy negatives and production - reduction support [14][16] - From April to July, the market differentiation of the three major oils intensified. Rapeseed oil oscillated at a high level, restricted by high inventory and slow catering recovery. Soybean oil prices fell under the pressure of abundant supply. Palm oil prices continued to decline due to increased production in major producing countries [16][18] - From August to October, policy variables became the key to break the market balance. Rapeseed oil prices rose unilaterally after the anti - dumping deposit policy on Canadian rapeseed. Soybean oil prices first rose due to cost - push and then adjusted due to high inventory. Palm oil prices first rebounded and then fell back, affected by Indonesia's biodiesel policy and the increase in inventory [18] Global Oil Supply Analysis Global Palm Oil Supply - Indonesia and Malaysia account for over 80% of global palm oil production, and their supply - demand patterns dominate the global market. In 2025, Indonesia entered the seasonal production - increase period in March. From June to August, its monthly average production increased by over 30%. The increase in exports and domestic industrial consumption due to biodiesel policies effectively digested the supply pressure. GAPKI estimates that Indonesia's palm oil production will increase by about 10% this year and about 5% next year, but the weather in 2026 may be a variable [20][23] - Malaysia's annual palm oil production fluctuated seasonally, with the total output from January to October increasing slightly by 1.77% year - on - year. Due to the aging of oil palm trees and limited new planting areas, its production growth was restricted. From June to October, exports were lower than expected due to competition from Indonesia, leading to an increase in inventory. In October, the inventory was 30.72% higher than the same period last year [26][27] Global Soybean Supply - Global soybean production increased from 316,072 thousand tons in the 2015/16 season to 427,136 thousand tons in the 2024/25 season, but decreased by 1.3% in the 2025/26 season, mainly due to a 2.3% reduction in harvested area, while the yield per unit area increased by 0.7% [30] - In the US, although the planting area decreased, the yield per unit area was at a high level, and the total output reached 115 million tons. In South America, Brazil's soybean planting progress in the 2025/26 season is smooth, and overseas institutions have a high - yield expectation, with estimates generally in the range of 175 - 180 million tons. Argentina may reduce the soybean planting area, and the estimated output is in the range of 48 - 50 million tons [31][34] - In the 2025/26 season, global soybean ending inventory decreased slightly by 1.1%, and the stock - to - use ratio decreased from 20.6% to 20.0%. The US soybean stock - to - use ratio also decreased, and the ending inventory decreased by 8.5% compared to the 2024/25 season [37] Global Rapeseed Oil Supply - From 2015/16 to 2024/25, global rapeseed supply showed a fluctuating upward trend, and in 2025/26, the total output increased by 7.3% year - on - year. The EU's rapeseed production increase contributed 54.7% of the global increment [44] - In Canada, the yield per unit area in 2025/26 recovered to a high level in the past five years, and the total output increased by 4.0% year - on - year, accounting for 21.7% of the global total output. In the EU, the rapeseed output in 2025/26 increased by 19.3% year - on - year, driven by the improvement of yield per unit area and the expansion of harvested area [48][49] Global Oil Demand Analysis Global Biodiesel Production Trend - Globally, biodiesel production increased continuously from 2021 to 2024 but is expected to decline in 2025. Traditional production areas such as the EU and the US are showing a slowdown or decline in growth, while some countries in Southeast Asia and South America, such as Indonesia and Brazil, are the main driving forces for growth [54][55] US Biodiesel Situation - In the first three quarters of 2025, the profit of the US biodiesel industry was poor, and production decreased significantly. In order to relieve the supply pressure, US soybean oil prices decreased to gain export competitiveness. However, since October, the profit of the biodiesel industry has improved significantly. The US Environmental Protection Agency has adjusted the renewable fuel obligation targets for 2026 and 2027, and future implementation needs to be monitored [58][60][65] Indian Oil Consumption - In the 2024/25 season, India's total oil imports decreased slightly by 0.32% year - on - year, but palm oil imports decreased by 16.82% due to price increases and tariff adjustments. From January to May, India mainly consumed inventory, and from June to September, imports increased significantly as inventory reached a low level. India's oil consumption growth supports the global oil market, and its palm oil consumption and inventory are important factors affecting palm oil prices [66][67][69] Domestic Oil Supply - Demand Analysis Imports - From January to September 2025, China's soybean imports increased by 5.29% year - on - year. The direct import of soybean oil was relatively small, with a 5.12% increase year - on - year. Rapeseed imports decreased by 42.19% year - on - year, while rapeseed oil imports increased by 18.13% year - on - year. Palm oil imports decreased by 19.21% year - on - year, mainly due to the production pattern in major producing countries and the inverted price difference between soybean oil and palm oil [72][74][82] Consumption - As of the 45th week of 2025, China's soybean crushing increased by 5.24% year - on - year. Rapeseed crushing decreased by 47.7% year - on - year, mainly due to policy and supply constraints. Palm oil consumption showed obvious seasonal fluctuations, with overall weak demand and slow inventory digestion [83][86][89] Inventory - As of the 45th week of 2025, China's soybean oil commercial inventory increased by 4.84% year - on - year, reaching a peak due to high crushing volume and weak consumption in summer. Rapeseed oil inventory decreased significantly after the anti - dumping policy on Canadian rapeseed. Palm oil inventory first decreased due to supply shortages and then increased due to increased production in major producing countries and weak demand [90][94] Market Outlook - The core contradictions in the 2025 global oil market remain, and the prices of the three major domestic oils will continue to be affected by supply - demand patterns and policies in the future. Future research should focus on supply - side factors such as weather, biodiesel policies, and trade policies, as well as demand - side factors such as domestic catering consumption and US biodiesel industry profits [96][98]

Core Insights - The UK Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) projects a budget surplus of £21.7 billion for the fiscal year 2029-2030, an increase from the previous forecast of £9.9 billion in March [1] - The proposed tax policy changes are expected to generate an additional £26.1 billion in tax revenue by the fiscal year 2029-2030 [1] - The medium-term productivity growth forecast has been revised down from 1.3% to 1.0% [1] Economic Projections - GDP growth rate for 2025 is projected at 1.5%, an increase from the earlier estimate of 1.0% made in March [1] - There remains significant uncertainty regarding the future direction of US and global trade policies, with many trading partners facing the threat of tariff increases [1] Fiscal Strategy - Approximately three-quarters of the planned reduction in borrowing over the next five years will be achieved through tax increases [1] - The UK government aims to achieve a balanced current budget by the fiscal year 2029-2030 [1]

Core Insights - The trust foundation of the transatlantic partnership is being eroded by the unpredictable trade policies of the United States, including frequent tariff adjustments and unilateral measures like digital tax disputes and Section 232 investigations [2] - The EU is urged to strengthen cooperation with countries that adhere to a rules-based trade system and maintain robust relations with Europe, as the US has shifted to an aggressive trade policy [2] - The current trade relationship between the US and EU is undergoing a fundamental transformation, lacking stability from the Obama administration's failure to reach agreements to the unilateral tariffs during the Trump era and the security-oriented cooperation under the Biden administration [2] Future Outlook - The digital regulation sector is anticipated to be a significant source of new disputes between the US and EU, with US tech companies pressuring the government to counter EU digital rules, while the EU remains firm on its public policy objectives [3] - EU climate legislation may also become a contentious issue due to corporate lobbying, with the US threatening to initiate Section 301 investigations against EU digital regulations and multiple Section 232 investigations affecting various industries [3] - The expert has extensive experience in EU trade policy, having served as the chief negotiator for the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and played key roles in various WTO negotiations [3]