Group 1 - The core viewpoint indicates that the bond futures market is experiencing a rise, with the 30-year main contract increasing by 0.24%, while interbank major interest rate bond yields are rebounding [1] - The recent reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cut has taken effect, stabilizing liquidity rather than further easing, primarily due to the central bank's continuous net withdrawal and a higher government bond payment volume, which offset some of the RRR cut effects [1] - In the short term, attention should be paid to marginal changes in the funding environment; if the funding environment tightens, long-term yields may continue to fluctuate [1] Group 2 - The central bank has indicated that there will be future reductions in deposit rates and the Loan Prime Rate (LPR), which may lead to a further decline in yields [1] - For the year, the 10-year government bond yield is expected to fluctuate between 1.4% and 1.9%, with a core fluctuation range of 1.5% to 1.7%. The downward opportunities in the bond market are linked to interest rate cut expectations and declining funding costs [1] - The政金债券ETF (511520) has seen a net inflow of over 1.5 billion in the past 10 days, with a total scale of approximately 46.2 billion, making it the largest bond ETF in the market and suitable for clients looking to adjust duration easily [1][2]

【市场表现】 国债期货收盘多数上涨，30年期主力合约涨0.24%报119.110元，10年期主力合约涨0.02%报108.555元， 5年期主力合约跌0.03%报105.790元，2年期主力合约持平于102.294元。银行间主要利率债收益率纷纷 上行。截至发稿，30年期国债"23附息国债23"收益率上行0.4bp报1.9230%。10年期国开债"25国开05"收 益率上行0.85bp报1.7470%，10年期国债"24附息国债11"收益率上行0.70bp报1.6760%，3年期国债"25附 息国债05"收益率上行2.75bp报1.4925%，2年期国债"25附息国债06"收益率上行2.5bp报1.4575%。 【资金面】 央行公告称，5月15日以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了645亿元7天期逆回购操作，操作利率1.40%， 投标量645亿元，中标量645亿元。数据显示，当日1586亿元逆回购和1250亿元MLF到期，据此计算， 单日全口径净回笼2191亿元。存款类机构隔夜和七天质押式回购利率双双微幅上升，后者上行不足1个 bp。长期资金方面，全国和主要股份制银行一年期同业存单最新成交在1.67%附近，较上日基本 ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the costs associated with doing business and investing, emphasizing that every transaction has an acceptable maximum loss rather than just the principal investment [1] - The central bank conducted a 645 billion yuan reverse repurchase operation, with a total net withdrawal of 2,191 billion yuan due to maturing reverse repos and MLF [1][2] - The interbank funding rates remained stable, with DR001 around 1.41% and DR007 around 1.52% throughout the day [1] Group 2 - The overnight risk assets saw a slight increase, while the bond market remained stable with the 10-year government bond yield hovering around 1.67% [3] - The central bank has been net withdrawing funds for three consecutive days, and the recent reserve requirement ratio cut has led to a weak performance in the stock market [3] - The article notes that the recent performance of the 2-year treasury futures has been weak, attributed to market uncertainty regarding the sustainability of monetary easing [4]

资金流入方面，公司债ETF最新资金流入流出持平。拉长时间看，近5个交易日内有4日资金净流入，合计"吸金"3.00亿元，日均净流入达5999.28万元。 有机构认为，随着关税大降，经济数据恶化等不来了，非银债牛信仰再次动摇了。未来一个季度债市交易的核心是：1）央行何时收紧资金面；2）三个月 后，芬太尼关税有无可能降至0。 近两天资金面过于宽松，随着关税大降，前瞻性的降准降息及4月初以来的资金面明显转松变得不合时宜了。经济担忧下降后，维稳银行净息差的优先级预 计将明显提升，未来一个月资金面可能缓慢回到紧平衡状态。 银河证券认为，国债收益率曲线将走向陡峭，短端伴随央行的货币宽松更顺畅的下行，长端将面临调整压力，但调整幅度有限，债市出现年度级别调整的概 率仍然较低。 外部的不确定性的降低将冲淡固收市场的避险功能，股市预计保持较高活跃度，长端面临调整压力。中国货币政策已进入实质性宽松将有助于带动短端收益 率下行。但是基准假设下2025年中国经济仍然呈现温和复苏，通胀上行压力有限，债市出现年度级别调整的概率仍然较低。 截至2025年5月14日 10:34，国债ETF5至10年(511020)多空胶着，最新报价117.22 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news highlights the collective decline in government bond futures, with the 30-year main contract dropping by 0.28% and the 10-year main contract down by 0.12% [1] - The liquidity situation shows that the 30-year government bond ETF (511130) had a turnover rate of 20.89% and a transaction volume of 1.344 billion [1] - The Federal Reserve maintained interest rates during the May meeting, with Chairman Powell expressing no urgency to cut rates due to concerns over tariffs impacting inflation and unemployment [3] Group 2 - The recent easing of external pressures and the central bank's decision to maintain a loose monetary policy are expected to support the bond market, despite ongoing domestic consumption and real estate issues [6] - The 30-year government bond yield is projected to have a pessimistic upper limit around 1.92-1.95%, with a more optimistic scenario placing it at 1.89% [7] - The 30-year government bond ETF (511130) opened lower but showed resilience as risk appetite strengthened, with the yield approaching the predicted upper limit [7]

Monetary Policy Measures - The central bank announced a comprehensive package of ten policy measures, including a 0.5 percentage point reduction in the reserve requirement ratio and a 0.1 percentage point cut in policy interest rates, along with a 0.25 percentage point decrease in the rates for structural monetary policy tools and provident fund loans [1][2] - The reduction in reserve requirements is expected to release 1 trillion yuan in liquidity, which will help alleviate the pressure on banks' liabilities and lower borrowing costs [1][3] Economic Context - The macroeconomic environment is characterized by external demand pressure, internal demand differentiation, and structural support, with the manufacturing PMI in April dropping to 49.0%, indicating weakening economic conditions [2][4] - The recent "reciprocal tariffs" imposed by the U.S. have significantly impacted global trade and China's export outlook, serving as a core trigger for the recent monetary policy easing [2][4] Market Implications - The dual reduction in reserve requirements and interest rates is expected to lead to a downward trend in funding rates, particularly benefiting short-term rates while long-term rates may face challenges due to pricing pressures [1][4] - The 10-year government bond yield is currently around 1.62%, with expectations that it could approach 1.5% as the market adjusts to the new monetary policy landscape [5] Future Outlook - The upcoming LPR quotation on May 20 will be crucial; a significant reduction in the 5-year and above LPR could open up trading opportunities in long-term bonds [5] - The government's new urbanization strategy is projected to create approximately 4 trillion yuan in investment demand, indicating ongoing fiscal support alongside monetary easing [2][3]

Core Viewpoint - The liquidity in the market remained stable and loose in April, but pressure is expected to increase in May due to accelerated government bond issuance and the maturity of MLF and reverse repos [1][4]. Group 1: Liquidity Trends - In April, the central bank maintained stable open market operations, with a total of 1.2 trillion yuan in reverse repos and a net injection of MLF for the second consecutive month, indicating a stable and loose liquidity environment [2][4]. - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) conducted a significant reverse repo operation on April 30, with a net injection of 422.8 billion yuan for the 7-day reverse repo [2]. - The total amount of reverse repos conducted in April was 1.2 trillion yuan, including 700 billion yuan for 3-month and 500 billion yuan for 6-month reverse repos [2]. Group 2: Interest Rate Trends - Overall, funding rates in April were low, with fluctuations due to government bond issuance and the "May Day" holiday, but remained at low levels [5]. - The 1-year and 5-year LPR remained unchanged at 3.1% and 3.6%, respectively, for six consecutive months, reflecting market expectations [7]. - The average monthly rate for DR007 in April was 1.73%, down 15 basis points from March, indicating a narrowing spread with the 7-day reverse repo rate [9]. Group 3: Outlook for Liquidity - In May, government bond supply is expected to be the largest influencing factor on liquidity, with an estimated issuance of approximately 1.34 trillion yuan in national bonds and 840 billion yuan in local bonds, totaling about 2.18 trillion yuan [10]. - The central bank's recent monetary policy measures, including a 0.5 percentage point reduction in reserve requirements, are expected to provide long-term liquidity support exceeding 1 trillion yuan [11]. - The current liquidity issues are primarily structural, and the central bank is expected to continue daily operations to maintain liquidity, focusing on increasing medium to long-term liquidity supply [11].

Market Performance - Treasury futures closed lower across the board, with the 30-year main contract down 0.62%, the 10-year main contract down 0.19%, the 5-year main contract down 0.08%, and the 2-year main contract down 0.01% [1] - The yield on the 10-year government bond "24附息国债11" rose by 1.70 basis points to 1.6380%, while the yield on the 3-year government bond "25附息国债05" fell by 1.25 basis points to 1.4750% [1] Funding Conditions - The central bank announced a 195.5 billion yuan 7-day reverse repurchase operation at a fixed rate of 1.50%, with a total bid amount of 195.5 billion yuan [2] - On the same day, 530.8 billion yuan in reverse repos matured, resulting in a net withdrawal of 335.3 billion yuan [2] - Overnight and 7-day pledged repo rates for deposit institutions both fell by over 4 basis points [2] Policy Measures - The central bank announced three categories of ten policies, including a 50 basis point reduction in the reserve requirement ratio, releasing approximately 1 trillion yuan in liquidity [3] - The 7-day reverse repurchase rate was lowered by 10 basis points to 1.4%, which also led to a 10 basis point decrease in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) [3] - Structural policies include increasing the re-lending for technological innovation and technical transformation to 800 billion yuan and establishing a 500 billion yuan re-lending for consumption recovery and elderly care [3] Operational Recommendations - The recent announcement of reserve requirement and interest rate cuts aligns with expectations, suggesting that while bond supply may increase in May, the central bank's measures could stabilize the funding environment [4] - The short-term impact of the interest rate cut is expected to be limited, as long-term bond yields have already adjusted to reflect previous rate cut expectations [4] - The focus for the bond market will remain on funding conditions, fundamentals, and trade negotiations, with a recommendation to consider long positions after corrections [4]

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings - The investment rating for stock index futures is expected to be in a volatile state [1][2] - The investment rating for treasury bond futures is bullish in the short - term [3] 2. Core Views Stock Index - The US ISM services index in April unexpectedly rose to 51.6, with the price index reaching a new high in over two years, and improvements in employment and new orders. US Treasury Secretary Yellen touts the US, saying that Trump's policy combination such as tax cuts will attract investment in the US, and the US GDP growth may approach 3% by this time next year. Pan Gongsheng attended and chaired the meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors of ASEAN, China, Japan, and South Korea, and the meeting passed relevant arrangements for a new rapid financing tool funded by freely usable currencies such as the RMB. With a relatively stable internal environment, high external uncertainties, and a potentially long - lasting tariff game, the stock index may fluctuate [1] Treasury Bond - The game of external shocks and the liquidity situation remain the main trading themes in the market. There is a time - lag effect in the transmission of external shocks to the domestic economy, and the potential depth of their impact has not fully emerged. Under the medium - to - long - term fundamental logic, the bond market is still in a favorable environment. On the first trading day after the holiday, the maturity volume of OMO is relatively concentrated. Continuously monitor whether the central level of capital interest rates can effectively decline to release the downward space for the short - and medium - term, which will also provide greater support for the long - term [2] 3. Market Reviews Stock Index - The main contract futures of the CSI 300 index fell 0.19%, the main contract futures of the SSE 50 index rose 0.06%, the main contract futures of the CSI 500 index fell 0.52%, and the main contract futures of the CSI 1000 index fell 0.97% [4] - On April 28, 2025, the closing price of the CSI 300 continuous contract was 3730.60 yuan per contract, down 0.19%, with a trading volume of 38,102 lots and an open interest of 134,340 lots; the SSE 50 continuous contract closed at 2628.00 yuan per contract, up 0.06%, with a trading volume of 21,403 lots and an open interest of 42,616 lots; the CSI 500 continuous contract closed at 5471.00 yuan per contract, down 0.52%, with a trading volume of 37,058 lots and an open interest of 96,080 lots; the CSI 1000 continuous contract closed at 5729.00 yuan per contract, down 0.97%, with a trading volume of 120,927 lots and an open interest of 159,258 lots [9] Treasury Bond - The 10 - year main contract rose 0.03%, the 5 - year main contract fell 0.06%, the 30 - year main contract rose 0.30%, and the 2 - year main contract rose 0.01% [6] - On April 28, 2025, the closing price of the 10 - year treasury bond continuous contract was 108.84 yuan per contract, up 0.03%, with a trading volume of 57,270 lots and an open interest of 186,819 lots; the 5 - year treasury bond continuous contract closed at 105.91 yuan per contract, down 0.06%, with a trading volume of 45,830 lots and an open interest of 158,011 lots; the 30 - year treasury bond continuous contract closed at 120.18 yuan per contract, up 0.30%, with a trading volume of 67,316 lots and an open interest of 104,543 lots; the 2 - year treasury bond continuous contract closed at 102.32 yuan per contract, up 0.01%, with a trading volume of 33,165 lots and an open interest of 94,570 lots [9] 4. Technical Analyses Stock Index - The KDJ indicator shows that the market is oscillating with a slightly bullish trend [5] Treasury Bond - The KDJ indicator shows that the T main contract is oscillating with a slightly bullish trend [7]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No industry investment rating information is provided in the report. Group 2: Core Viewpoints of the Report - In May, the bond market should focus on the funding situation. The central bank's operations are uncertain, and the level of funding rates is the core variable for whether bond market interest rates can continue to break downward [4]. - The credit bond market sentiment is stable, and the allocation rhythm should be maintained. The new issuance volume decreased significantly in the week of April 28 - May 4, with a large net outflow. Yields generally declined, and spreads showed different trends [4]. - For convertible bonds, operations can gradually become more active. The convertible bond market is stabilizing and showing signs of a rebound. If the equity market sentiment improves, the demand for convertible bond allocation will continue to be released [4]. Group 3: Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 1 Fixed Income Market Observation and Thinking 1.1 Interest - rate Bonds - In May, the bond market should focus on the funding situation. The 10 - year Treasury bond has moved from the right to the left of the [1.6% - 1.9%] range. The net supply of government bonds in May may reach about 1.7 trillion, bringing uncertainty to the funding situation. The Fed's interest - rate cut expectation cooled during the May Day holiday, adding uncertainty to the central bank's monetary policy [4][9]. 1.2 Credit Bonds - From April 28 to May 4, the primary issuance of credit bonds was 112 billion yuan, a 79% decrease compared to the previous period due to the May Day holiday. The total repayment was 197.3 billion yuan, also a significant decrease, resulting in a net outflow of 85.3 billion yuan. Yields generally declined, and spreads showed different trends. The turnover rate decreased, and high - discount bonds were mainly real - estate enterprise bonds [4][11]. 1.3 Convertible Bonds - Last week, the equity market showed mixed performance. The convertible bond market declined slightly, with the CSI Convertible Bond Index falling 0.07%. The convertible bond valuation is stabilizing and showing signs of a rebound. Operations can be more active [4][13]. 1.4 This Week's Attention and Important Data Release - This week, important data to be released include China's April Caixin Services PMI, April CPI, the US May interest - rate decision, and the Eurozone's April Services PMI [14]. 1.5 This Week's Estimated Supply of Interest - rate Bonds - This week, the estimated issuance of interest - rate bonds is 565.1 billion yuan, which is relatively high compared to the same period. Treasury bonds are expected to be 391 billion yuan, local bonds 74.1 billion yuan, and policy - bank bonds about 100 billion yuan [14][16]. 2 Interest - rate Bonds Review and Outlook 2.1 Central Bank's Operations and Funding Situation - During the month - end, the central bank increased reverse repurchase operations, with a total net injection of 735.8 billion yuan in the open - market operations for the week [19]. 2.2 Strong Willingness to Hold Bonds for the Holiday - Before the holiday, the PMI data and the funding situation were generally stable, and the enthusiasm for holding bonds for the holiday was high, which contributed to the decline in interest rates, especially for longer - term and high - duration bonds [34]. 3 High - frequency Data - Commodity prices mostly declined. On the production side, the operating rates were divided. On the demand side, the year - on - year growth rates of passenger - car wholesale and retail sales remained positive, while land transactions decreased. Export indices declined. In terms of prices, crude oil prices decreased, copper and aluminum prices increased, and coal prices were divided [45]. 4 Credit Bonds Review 4.1 Negative Information Monitoring - There were no bond defaults, downgrades of bond or issuer ratings in the domestic market from April 28 - May 4, but there were overseas rating downgrades of some companies [64][65]. 4.2 Primary Issuance - The primary issuance volume of credit bonds decreased significantly, with a large net outflow. The cost of issuing high - grade bonds increased slightly, and the frequency of issuing new AA/AA - grade bonds remained low [4][68]. 4.3 Secondary Trading - Credit bond valuations declined slightly. Short - term spreads narrowed, while medium - and long - term spreads widened passively. The turnover rate decreased, and high - discount bonds were mainly real - estate enterprise bonds [4][73].