Core Insights - The October fiscal data shows a clear divergence in revenue and expenditure, with tax revenue continuing to grow significantly, likely due to improvements in prices affecting nominal variables [2] - Non-tax revenue growth has hit a five-year low, indicating challenges in revitalizing state-owned assets [2] - General fiscal expenditure growth has notably slowed, with the possibility of either accelerating spending by year-end or rolling over to next year, which will directly impact next year's fiscal spending strength [2] - Land transfer revenue has again shown negative growth, putting pressure on land finance [2] - The urgent task for fiscal policy is to implement existing policies effectively to generate more tangible work output [2] Revenue Analysis - From January to October, fiscal revenue has increased by 0.8% year-on-year, surpassing the initial budget growth target by 0.1%, indicating that achieving the annual target is feasible with a required decline of only 3.7% in November and December [3] - Tax revenue growth has slightly underperformed expectations, and adjustments in the revenue structure have been insufficient [3] - Government fund revenue needs to achieve a 5.3% year-on-year growth in the last two months, with potential for a year-end surge in land transfer revenue [3] Expenditure Analysis - Fiscal expenditure from January to October has increased by 2.0% year-on-year, while the annual budget anticipates a 4.4% increase, necessitating a significant 12.9% growth in the last two months [3] - Government fund expenditure is expected to require a 40.3% year-on-year increase, suggesting a potential for accelerated spending in the coming months, including possible year-end spending spikes [3] Future Outlook - The report maintains the view that fiscal policy in 2026 will likely be proactive and expansionary, focusing on "investment in things" and "investment in people," with an expected fiscal expansion similar to 2025 [2] - The anticipated fiscal deficit rate for 2026 is around 4%, with special bonds projected at 5 trillion and special treasury bonds at approximately 2 trillion, leading to an expected total fiscal expenditure of 43 trillion, an increase of 1.13 trillion from 2025 [2]

Revenue Insights - From January to October 2025, the national general public budget revenue reached 18.65 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.8%, with a growth rate improvement of 0.3 percentage points compared to January to September[1] - In October, the general public budget revenue recorded a year-on-year growth of 3.2%, up from 2.6% in September, driven primarily by tax revenue which grew by 8.6%[1][2] - Personal income tax showed a remarkable year-on-year growth of 27.3%, significantly higher than the previous value of 16.7%, making it a core driver of tax revenue growth[2] Expenditure Trends - General public budget expenditure from January to October 2025 totaled 22.58 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 2%[1] - In October, public budget expenditure decreased by 9.8%, marking the first negative growth of the year, attributed to earlier fiscal spending in the first half of the year and constraints from the annual deficit requirements[3] - Infrastructure spending saw a significant decline of 26.7%, indicating reduced support for traditional fiscal investment methods[5] Tax Revenue Dynamics - Non-tax revenue experienced a sharp decline of 33.0%, indicating an ongoing improvement in the quality of fiscal revenue[1] - Export tax rebates fell by 14.8%, suggesting a potential weakening in external demand, consistent with the downward trend in October's export growth[2] - The growth rate of securities transaction stamp duty normalized to 17.5%, down from a previous 342.4%, indicating a return to typical market conditions[2] Fiscal Policy Implications - The tightening of fiscal expenditure in October may necessitate an increase in the deficit ratio next year to support economic continuity, especially with the upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan"[3] - Local government land transfer revenue dropped by 27.3%, a significant increase in decline compared to the previous month's -1.0%, impacting government fund expenditures which fell by 38.2%[5]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core View of the Report In October, the broad fiscal revenue declined slightly, and the broad fiscal expenditure decreased significantly. To meet the budget targets at the beginning of the year, the revenue side has little difficulty, while the expenditure may accelerate significantly at the end of the year [1][4]. 3. Summary by Related Contents Revenue Side - **General Fiscal Revenue**: In October, the monthly year - on - year growth rate of broad fiscal revenue was - 0.6%, compared with 3.2% in the previous period. The general public budget revenue increased slightly, with a year - on - year growth rate of 3.2% in October (previous value: 2.6%), tax revenue at 8.6% (previous value: 8.7%), and non - tax revenue at - 33% (previous value: - 11.4%) [1][11]. - **Tax Revenue**: In October, the four major taxes performed well, especially personal income tax. The growth rate of securities trading stamp duty declined due to the base effect. The year - on - year growth rate of tax revenue was 8.7%. Among the four major taxes, corporate income tax was 7.3% (previous value: 19.59%), personal income tax was 27.3% (previous value: 16.68%), domestic VAT was 7.2% (previous value: 7.60%), and domestic consumption tax was 4.4% (previous value: 3.83%). Real - estate - related taxes were - 1.4% year - on - year (previous value: - 3.4%), and vehicle purchase tax was - 16.8% (previous value: - 3.7%). Stamp duty and securities trading stamp duty were 9.4% and 17.5% year - on - year respectively, but declined month - on - month [2][11]. - **Government Fund Revenue**: In October, the year - on - year growth rate of government fund revenue was - 18.4%, compared with 5.6% in the previous period. The cumulative year - on - year growth rate was - 2.8% (previous value: - 0.5%). There was no significant impulse phenomenon. The annual budget target for government fund revenue in 2025 is a year - on - year increase of 0.7%, and the current gap is not large [1][15]. Expenditure Side - **General Public Budget Expenditure**: In October, the year - on - year growth rate of general public budget expenditure was - 9.78%, compared with 3.08% in the previous period, the lowest growth rate of the year. All expenditure items decreased year - on - year, with infrastructure - related fiscal expenditure declining most significantly, at - 25.7% year - on - year (previous value: - 1.2%). Energy conservation and environmental protection was - 11.8%, urban and rural communities was - 24.0%, agriculture, forestry and water was - 32.8%, and transportation was - 14.8% [3][17]. - **Government Fund Expenditure**: In October, the year - on - year growth rate of government fund expenditure was - 38.2%, compared with 0.4% in the previous period, also the lowest growth rate of the year [3][17]. - **Broad Fiscal Deficit**: From January to October, the cumulative broad fiscal deficit was 8.58 trillion yuan, down from 8.84 trillion yuan from January to September, indicating that the broad fiscal revenue exceeded expenditure in October. Assuming a nominal GDP growth rate of 4% this year, the cumulative broad deficit rate in October was 6.1%, still at a relatively high level compared with the same period in previous years [3][21]. Budget Completion - **Revenue Side**: From January to October, the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of fiscal revenue was 0.8%, exceeding the budget growth rate at the beginning of the year by 0.1%. From November to December, only a year - on - year decline of 3.7% is needed to meet the annual target. Government fund revenue needs to achieve a year - on - year growth rate of 5.3% from November to December, and land transfer revenue may increase at the end of the year [4][24]. - **Expenditure Side**: From January to October, the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of fiscal expenditure was 2.0%, while the annual budget growth rate was 4.4%. From November to December, the year - on - year growth rate needs to reach 12.9%, and the government fund expenditure needs to reach 40.3%. The expenditure growth rate may accelerate significantly in the next two months, and there may even be a rush of expenditure at the end of the year [4][24].

Group 1: Gold Market Insights - Goldman Sachs indicates that central banks may purchase significant amounts of gold in November to diversify reserves against geopolitical and financial risks, maintaining a price forecast of $4,900 by the end of 2026 [1] - Year-to-date, gold prices have risen by 55%, driven by economic and geopolitical concerns, increased inflows into exchange-traded funds, and expectations of further interest rate cuts in the U.S. [1] - In September, central banks purchased 64 tons of gold, up from 21 tons in August [1] Group 2: Oil Price Forecasts - Goldman Sachs has lowered its average price forecasts for Brent and WTI crude oil to $56 and $52 per barrel, respectively, due to strong global supply (excluding Russia) [2] - UBS expects Brent crude oil prices to fluctuate between $60 and $70 per barrel, with a year-end target of $62 per barrel and a 2026 target of $67 per barrel [3] Group 3: Chinese Stock Market Outlook - UBS forecasts a prosperous year for the Chinese stock market in 2026, driven by factors such as innovation and a projected 14% upside for the MSCI China Index by year-end [4] - Earnings per share are expected to grow by 10% in 2026, supported by anti-involution measures and a decrease in depreciation expenses [4] Group 4: Currency Trends - Barclays economists suggest that the USD/JPY exchange rate may continue to rise, recommending investors to remain long on USD/JPY due to Japan's fiscal policies [5] Group 5: Central Bank Policies - Goldman Sachs Asset Management predicts that the Federal Reserve may cut interest rates twice in 2026, while the European Central Bank may maintain rates and the Bank of England may resume cuts in December [6] - Morgan Stanley anticipates further rate cuts from the European Central Bank in the first half of next year, with a target for the 10-year German bond yield at approximately 2.45% by the end of 2026 [8] Group 6: Semiconductor Sector - Galaxy Securities asserts that the long-term growth logic for the semiconductor sector remains intact despite recent underperformance, emphasizing supply chain security and domestic substitution trends [11] Group 7: AI and Consumer Electronics - Galaxy Securities highlights the potential for smart glasses to become a major consumer electronics category, following the entry of major tech companies into the AI glasses market [12] Group 8: Multi-Modal AI Trends - CITIC Securities identifies the shift towards native multi-modal architectures as a pivotal point for the industry, suggesting investment opportunities in both foundational and application layers [13] Group 9: Energy Demand and Coal Prices - Huatai Securities predicts that electricity consumption growth in October may exceed 10%, supporting a positive outlook for thermal coal prices in the fourth quarter [14]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The report focuses on the fiscal situation in China, highlighting trends in fiscal revenue and expenditure as well as property-related government revenue. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Fiscal Revenue Growth**: On-budget fiscal revenue growth increased slightly to **3.2% year-on-year (yoy)** in October from **2.6% yoy** in September, despite a broad-based weakness in activity data [1][3][7] 2. **Fiscal Expenditure Decline**: Fiscal expenditure growth fell significantly to **-9.8% yoy** in October from **+3.1% yoy** in September, marking the lowest growth rate since December 2021 [2][7][9] 3. **Property-Related Revenue Weakness**: Property-related government revenue saw a notable decline, with land sales revenue dropping **-27.5% yoy** in October compared to **-0.9% yoy** in September. On-budget property-related tax revenue also remained weak at **-1.4% yoy** [2][8][9] 4. **Augmented Fiscal Deficit (AFD)**: The AFD metric narrowed in October, indicating a less supportive fiscal policy for growth. The AFD ratio was **-10.6% of GDP** on a 3-month moving average basis [1][3][9] 5. **Government Spending Trends**: The government’s fiscal "spend-through" ratio decreased slightly to **98.5%** in October from **98.8%** in September, suggesting a slowdown in fund deployment [9][10] 6. **Impact on Fixed Asset Investment (FAI)**: The deceleration in government spending growth, particularly in infrastructure, may have negatively impacted FAI growth, although other factors may also contribute to this trend [10] Additional Important Insights - **Non-Tax Revenue Contraction**: Non-tax revenue experienced a significant contraction of **-33.0% yoy** in October, widening from **-11.4% yoy** in September, primarily due to a high base effect [7] - **Overall Government Revenue**: Total government revenue growth slowed to **-0.6% yoy** in October from **+3.2% yoy** in September, while government expenditure growth dropped to **-19.1% yoy** from **+2.2% yoy** [9] - **Future Fiscal Policy Outlook**: There is a downside risk to the AFD forecast for this year (projected at **12.0% of GDP**), but expectations for continued fiscal expansion into next year remain, as indicated by recent policy communications [10]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - For alumina, the fundamentals may be in a stage where supply slightly converges and demand remains generally stable. The current oversupply situation may improve with production control. Suggest light - position short - term long trades at low prices, while controlling the rhythm and trading risks [2]. - For electrolytic aluminum, the fundamentals may be in a stage of temporary supply - demand stability with a slight accumulation of social inventory. The option market sentiment is bullish, and the implied volatility slightly decreases. Suggest light - position range - bound trading, while controlling the rhythm and trading risks [2]. - For cast aluminum alloy, the fundamentals may be in a stage of supply convergence and slightly reduced demand. Suggest light - position range - bound trading, while controlling the rhythm and trading risks [2]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Futures Market - **Aluminum Futures**: The closing price of the Shanghai aluminum main contract was 21,465 yuan/ton, down 260 yuan; the main - second - contract spread was - 60 yuan, up 80 yuan; the main contract holding volume was 356,547 lots, down 34,312 lots; the net holding of the top 20 in Shanghai aluminum was 19,360 lots, down 5,102 lots; the Shanghai - London ratio was 7.65, up 0.05; the Shanghai Futures Exchange inventory was 114,899 tons, up 1,564 tons; the Shanghai Futures Exchange warehouse receipt was 69,484 tons, up 4,742 tons [2]. - **Alumina Futures**: The closing price of the alumina futures main contract was 2,780 yuan/ton, down 37 yuan; the main - second - contract spread was - 61 yuan, up 21 yuan; the main contract holding volume was 405,009 lots, up 14,515 lots [2]. - **Cast Aluminum Alloy Futures**: The closing price of the cast aluminum alloy main contract was 20,730 yuan/ton, down 260 yuan; the main - second - contract spread was - 105 yuan, down 45 yuan; the main contract holding volume was 13,191 lots, down 508 lots; the Shanghai Futures Exchange registered warehouse receipt was 59,431 tons, unchanged; the Shanghai Futures Exchange inventory was 65,119 tons, up 779 tons [2]. 3.2 Spot Market - **Aluminum Spot**: The price of Shanghai Non - ferrous A00 aluminum was 21,460 yuan/ton, down 170 yuan; the price of Yangtze River Non - ferrous AOO aluminum was 21,590 yuan/ton, down 140 yuan; the Shanghai Wumao aluminum premium/discount was - 40 yuan/ton, down 20 yuan; the LME aluminum premium/discount was - 38.42 dollars/ton, down 10.37 dollars; the basis of electrolytic aluminum was - 5 yuan, up 90 yuan [2]. - **Alumina Spot**: The spot price of alumina in Shanghai Non - ferrous was 2,775 yuan/ton, down 5 yuan; the basis of alumina was - 5 yuan, up 32 yuan [2]. - **Cast Aluminum Alloy Spot**: The average price (tax - included) of ADC12 aluminum alloy ingots nationwide was 21,450 yuan/ton, down 100 yuan; the basis of cast aluminum alloy was 720 yuan, up 10 yuan [2]. 3.3 Upstream Situation - **Alumina**: The national alumina production was 799.90 million tons, up 7.42 million tons; the national alumina capacity utilization rate was 86.96%, down 1.31 percentage points; the demand for alumina (electrolytic aluminum part) was 704.31 million tons, down 21.49 million tons; the supply - demand balance of alumina was 46.85 million tons, up 18.12 million tons; the export volume of alumina was 25 million tons, up 7 million tons; the import volume of alumina was 6 million tons, down 3.44 million tons [2]. - **Aluminum Scrap**: The average price of crushed raw aluminum in Foshan metal scrap was 17,000 yuan/ton, down 200 yuan; the average price of crushed raw aluminum in Shandong metal scrap was 16,600 yuan/ton, down 150 yuan; China's import volume of aluminum scrap and fragments was 155,414.40 tons, down 17,195.97 tons; China's export volume of aluminum scrap and fragments was 68.54 tons, up 15.31 tons [2]. 3.4 Industry Situation - **Electrolytic Aluminum**: The social inventory of electrolytic aluminum was 59.70 million tons, up 3.10 million tons; the import volume of primary aluminum was 246,797.10 tons, up 31,034.96 tons; the export volume of primary aluminum was 28,969.92 tons, up 3,365.58 tons; the total production capacity of electrolytic aluminum was 4,523.20 million tons, unchanged; the production of electrolytic aluminum was 590 million tons, up 35.18 million tons; the export volume of unwrought aluminum and aluminum products was 98.24 million tons, down 0.12 million tons [2]. - **Aluminum Products and Alloys**: The production of aluminum products was 590 million tons; the production of recycled aluminum alloy ingots was 60.83 million tons, down 4.82 million tons; the export volume of aluminum alloy was 2.35 million tons, down 0.56 million tons; the production of aluminum alloy was 177.60 million tons, unchanged [2]. 3.5 Downstream and Application - **Automobile**: The monthly automobile production was 327.90 million vehicles, up 5.25 million vehicles; in 2025, the automobile investment growth rate reached 17.5%; in October 2025, automobile production was 328 units, up 11% year - on - year; new energy vehicle production was 171 units, up 19% year - on - year, with a penetration rate of 52%; fuel vehicle production was 157 units, up 4% year - on - year; from January to October 2025, automobile production was 2,733 units, up 11% year - on - year; new energy vehicle production was 1,267 units, up 28% year - on - year, with a penetration rate of 46%; fuel vehicle production was 1,465 units, unchanged year - on - year [2]. - **Real Estate**: The national real estate climate index was 92.43, down 0.34 [2]. 3.6 Option Situation - The 20 - day historical volatility of Shanghai aluminum was 11.83%, up 1.08 percentage points; the 40 - day historical volatility of Shanghai aluminum was 10.23%, up 0.42 percentage points; the implied volatility of the Shanghai aluminum main contract at - the - money was 11.16%, down 0.0051; the call - put ratio of Shanghai aluminum options was 1.34, up 0.1024 [2]. 3.7 Industry News - **Federal Reserve News**: Fed Vice - Chair Jefferson said the downside risk of employment has increased but reiterated the need for more cautious policy adjustment; Fed Governor Cook denied fraud accusations; Fed Chair candidate Hasset said the job market signals are confusing and AI may suppress recruitment demand; Fed Governor Waller supported a 25 - basis - point rate cut in December [2]. - **Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure**: From January to October this year, the national fiscal revenue was 18.65 trillion yuan, up 0.8% year - on - year; in October, the national fiscal revenue was 2.26 trillion yuan, up 3.2% year - on - year; from January to October, the national fiscal expenditure was 22.58 trillion yuan, up 2% year - on - year [2]. - **Automobile Industry**: In October, new energy vehicle exports were 256,000 units, up 15.4% month - on - month and 99.9% year - on - year; from January to October, new energy vehicle exports were 2.014 million units, up 90.4% year - on - year [2].

Core Insights - The Ministry of Finance reported that from January to October this year, national fiscal revenue showed a steady increase, with a cumulative growth rate of 0.8% year-on-year, which is an improvement of 0.3 percentage points compared to the first nine months of the year [1] - In October alone, national fiscal revenue reached 2.26 trillion yuan, marking a year-on-year growth of 3.2%, indicating a continued upward trend in monthly growth [1] Revenue Breakdown - Total tax revenue from January to October amounted to 15.34 trillion yuan, reflecting a growth of 1.7%, which is an increase of 1 percentage point compared to the first nine months [1] - The computer and communication equipment manufacturing sector saw a tax revenue increase of 12.7%, while the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing sector experienced a 7.9% growth [1] Expenditure Insights - The government has implemented more proactive fiscal policies, increasing expenditure intensity and optimizing expenditure structure, with a focus on ensuring funding for key areas [1] - Social security and employment expenditures grew by 9.3%, scientific and technological expenditures increased by 5.7%, and education expenditures rose by 4.7% [1]

Core Insights - The fiscal revenue and expenditure data for the first ten months of the year shows a slight increase in public budget revenue and expenditure, indicating a continuation of improvement in fiscal conditions [1][2]. Revenue Analysis - From January to October, the total public budget revenue reached 186,490 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.8%. Tax revenue accounted for 153,364 billion yuan, growing by 1.7%, while non-tax revenue fell by 3.1% to 33,126 billion yuan [2][3]. - The central government's public budget revenue was 81,856 billion yuan, down 0.8%, while local government revenue increased by 2.1% to 104,634 billion yuan [2]. - Tax revenue growth has shown a recovery trend for eight consecutive months, with an October year-on-year growth rate of 8.6%. The overall tax revenue growth target for the year is set at 3.7% [2][3]. Expenditure Analysis - Total public budget expenditure for the same period was 225,825 billion yuan, reflecting a 2% increase year-on-year. Central government expenditure rose by 6.3% to 34,727 billion yuan, while local government expenditure increased by 1.2% to 191,098 billion yuan [5]. - Expenditure in social security and employment grew by 9.3%, education by 4.7%, and science and technology by 5.7%, indicating a focus on social welfare and development [5][6]. Sector-Specific Insights - The growth in tax revenue was particularly strong in personal income tax, which increased by 11.5%, and stamp duty, which surged by 29.5%, with securities transaction stamp duty rising by 88.1% [3]. - The analysis suggests that the recovery in tax revenue is linked to improved economic conditions, including a more active capital market and the implementation of new tax reporting regulations for internet platform enterprises [3][4]. Future Outlook - Analysts predict that the fiscal revenue growth target for the year is likely to be achieved, supported by a moderate recovery in prices and effective fiscal policies [4]. - There is a need for increased fiscal spending in the last two months of the year, especially in infrastructure and public welfare sectors, to counteract the slower spending observed in October [5][6].

Core Insights - The overall public budget revenue for January to October reached 186,490 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 0.8%, indicating a slight acceleration in growth compared to the previous nine months [1] - Public budget expenditure for the same period was 225,825 billion yuan, showing a year-on-year increase of 2.0%, but the growth rate has slowed down by 1.1 percentage points compared to the previous nine months [1] Revenue Analysis - In October, public budget revenue grew by 3.2% year-on-year, with tax revenue increasing by 8.6% while non-tax revenue fell by 33% [1] - Major tax categories showed varied performance: VAT revenue grew by 7.2%, consumption tax revenue increased by 4.5%, while corporate income tax growth slowed to 7.3% [2][4] - Personal income tax revenue surged by 27.3%, reflecting both a low base effect and improved tax collection efforts [2] Expenditure Analysis - In October, public budget expenditure decreased by 9.8% year-on-year, contrasting with a 3.1% increase in the previous month, indicating a significant drop in spending [4][5] - The decline in expenditure is attributed to a high base from the previous year and local fiscal constraints [4] - Infrastructure-related spending saw substantial declines, with specific categories like energy conservation and transportation experiencing double-digit decreases [4][5] Broader Fiscal Context - The cumulative growth rate of general public budget expenditure for the first ten months was 76.0%, below the five-year average of 77.4% [5] - Government fund budget revenue fell by 2.8% year-on-year, with land use rights revenue dropping by 7.4% [5] - The overall broad fiscal expenditure decreased by 19.1% in October, a significant drop compared to a 2.3% increase in September, influenced by high base effects and prior fiscal measures [6] Future Outlook - The issuance of 5,000 billion yuan in local government debt is expected to accelerate in November and December, potentially supporting fiscal expenditure and economic recovery [1][6][7] - The implementation of new policy financial tools also indicates a strengthening of fiscal policy aimed at stabilizing growth [7]

Revenue Insights - National general public budget revenue for January to October reached 186,490 billion CNY, a year-on-year increase of 0.8%[2] - Tax revenue accounted for 153,364 billion CNY, growing by 1.7% year-on-year, while non-tax revenue fell by 3.1% to 33,126 billion CNY[2] - In October alone, public budget revenue increased by 3.2% year-on-year, up from 2.6% in the previous month[3] Expenditure Trends - Total public budget expenditure from January to October was 225,825 billion CNY, reflecting a 2% year-on-year growth[2] - Central government expenditure was 34,727 billion CNY, up 6.3%, while local government expenditure grew by 1.2% to 191,098 billion CNY[2] - October's expenditure saw a significant decline of 9.8% year-on-year, contrasting sharply with the previous month's growth of 3.1%[3] Fiscal Policy and Budget Completion - To meet the budget target, expenditure growth in the last two months must reach approximately 12.7%[3] - The fiscal policy intensity index has been declining, indicating a reduction in fiscal policy effectiveness despite strong performance in major tax categories[4] - The projected shortfall in the first public account expenditure is estimated at 670.1 billion CNY, with a completion rate of 97.7% against the budget[4] Fund Budget Performance - Government fund budget revenue in October plummeted by 18.4%, primarily due to a 27.3% drop in land transfer income[23] - Fund budget expenditure also decreased significantly by 38.2%, with land-related expenditures falling by 30.8%[23] - Cumulatively, from January to October, the second public account showed a revenue decline of 2.8% and an expenditure increase of 15.4%[23]