Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core View - Optimistic macro expectations, low inventories, and consumer recovery have led to an upward trend in copper prices. With the approaching likely Fed rate cut on September 18 and the expected 'Golden September and Silver October' consumption peak season in China, copper prices are expected to continue rising in the near - term [1][2][9]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Futures and Spot Markets - On Tuesday, LME copper prices rose significantly. On September 3, 2025, Shanghai copper first rose and then fell. The main 2510 contract closed at 80,700 yuan/ton, up 450 yuan/ton or 0.56% from the previous trading day. - The average price of 1 electrolytic copper in the Shanghai Metals Market was 80,500 yuan/ton, up 360 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. It was at a premium of 90 - 300 yuan/ton to the SHFE 2509 contract. The supply of imported and domestic copper in the spot market has increased, but the high price has suppressed downstream purchasing sentiment [1]. 3.2 Macro and Fundamentals - The start time of LME's Asian trading on Wednesday was postponed by 90 minutes, and the reason is unknown. - The lack of confidence in the copper market was due to weak downstream consumption. However, with the approaching Fed rate cut on September 18 and the expected consumption peak season in China, copper prices started to rise. - China's manufacturing PMI in August was 49.4, up 0.1 from the previous month, indicating a continued recovery of the economy and providing some support for copper demand. - The recent rise in gold prices has also boosted copper prices [2]. 3.3 Market Outlook - Although the Shanghai copper main contract once broke through the 80,000 yuan/ton mark, the overall trend was a bit sluggish. After the price soared, long - position holders were more willing to reduce their positions, resulting in a long upper shadow on the K - line. - Given the low spot inventory and the expected consumption peak season, with the approaching Fed rate cut on September 18, copper prices may have formed an upward trend in the near - term [9].

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings - Iron ore: Wide - amplitude oscillation due to repeated macro - expectations [2][4] - Rebar: Wide - amplitude oscillation [2][6] - Hot - rolled coil: Wide - amplitude oscillation [2][7] - Ferrosilicon: Wide - amplitude oscillation [2][11] - Silicomanganese: Wide - amplitude oscillation [2][11] - Coke: Wide - amplitude oscillation [2][14] - Coking coal: Wide - amplitude oscillation [2][14] - Logs: Oscillation and repetition [2][16] 2. Core Views - The prices of various commodities such as iron ore, rebar, hot - rolled coil, ferrosilicon, silicomanganese, coke, coking coal, and logs are in a state of wide - amplitude oscillation or oscillation and repetition, with the trend intensity of all commodities being 0, indicating a neutral market outlook [2][4][7] 3. Summaries According to Related Catalogs Iron Ore - **Fundamental Tracking**: The futures price of iron ore (12601) closed at 777.0 yuan/ton, up 5.5 yuan/ton with a 0.71% increase. The positions increased by 12,928 hands. Among spot prices, imported ores like Carajás fines (65%), PB (61.5%), etc. all rose by 6.0 yuan/ton, while domestic ores remained stable. Some basis and spread values also changed slightly [4] - **Macro and Industry News**: In August, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [4] Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coil - **Fundamental Tracking**: The futures prices of RB2510 and HC2510 decreased. The trading volume and positions of RB2510 decreased, and those of HC2510 also changed. Spot prices in most regions decreased slightly. Some basis and spread values changed, such as the basis of RB2510 increasing by 3 yuan/ton and that of HC2510 decreasing by 10 yuan/ton [7] - **Macro and Industry News**: In July 2025, China's steel exports were 983.6 million tons, up 1.6% from the previous month, with the export price up 2.2%. From January to July, cumulative exports were 6798.3 million tons, up 11.0% year - on - year, but the export price was down 10.3%. In the steel union's weekly data on August 28, production, inventory, and apparent demand of some steel products changed [8][9] Ferrosilicon and Silicomanganese - **Fundamental Tracking**: The futures prices of ferrosilicon and silicomanganese decreased. The trading volume and positions of different contracts changed. Spot prices of ferrosilicon and silicomanganese in Inner Mongolia were 5250 yuan/ton and 5680 yuan/ton respectively. Some basis and spread values changed, such as the ferrosilicon basis increasing by 8 yuan/ton [11] - **Macro and Industry News**: On September 3, the prices of 72 and 75 ferrosilicon in different regions were reported. In May and June 2025, India's silicomanganese export volume changed month - on - month and year - on - year [12][13] Coke and Coking Coal - **Fundamental Tracking**: The futures prices of JM2601 and J2601 decreased. The trading volume and positions of JM2601 increased, while those of J2601 changed slightly. Spot prices of coking coal and coke remained stable. Some basis and spread values changed, such as the basis of JM2601 in Shanxi increasing by 6.5 yuan/ton [14] - **Macro and Industry News**: In August, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [14] Logs - **Fundamental Tracking**: The closing prices of different log contracts decreased, and the trading volume and positions of some contracts changed significantly. Spot prices of most log varieties remained stable. Some basis and spread values changed, such as the spot - 2509 basis decreasing by 46.3% [17] - **Macro and Industry News**: In August, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [19]

Report Industry Investment Ratings No investment ratings are provided in the report. Core Views - Iron ore is expected to experience wide - range fluctuations due to the repeated macro - expectations [2][4]. - Rebar and hot - rolled coil prices are likely to have an oscillatory correction because of the rapid inventory accumulation [2][7][8]. - Silicon iron and manganese silicon are predicted to have wide - range fluctuations [2][12]. - Coke and coking coal are expected to show wide - range fluctuations [2][15]. - Logs are likely to have repeated oscillations [2][17]. Summary by Related Catalogs Iron Ore - **Fundamental Data**: The closing price of the futures contract 12601 was 771.5 yuan/ton, up 5.5 yuan or 0.72%. The positions decreased by 948 hands. Among the spot prices, imported ore prices generally increased, while domestic ore prices remained stable. The basis and spreads also had certain changes [4]. - **Macro and Industry News**: In August, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [4]. - **Trend Intensity**: The trend intensity of iron ore is 1 [4]. Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coil - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices of RB2510 and HC2510 were 3047 yuan/ton and 3310 yuan/ton respectively, with decreases of 0.49% and 0.48%. The trading volumes, positions and their changes, spot prices, basis and spreads all had corresponding data [8]. - **Macro and Industry News**: In July 2025, China's steel exports were 983.6 million tons, up 1.6% from the previous month, and the export average price was 702.2 US dollars/ton, up 2.2%. From January to July, the cumulative steel exports were 6798.3 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 11.0%, and the export average price was 699.7 US dollars/ton, a year - on - year decrease of 10.3%. According to the weekly data on August 28, the production, inventory and apparent demand of rebar and hot - rolled coil had different changes. In mid - August 2025, the production and inventory data of key steel enterprises also changed [9][10]. - **Trend Intensity**: The trend intensity of rebar and hot - rolled coil is 0 [10]. Silicon Iron and Manganese Silicon - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices, trading volumes, positions of futures contracts, and spot prices, basis and spreads of silicon iron and manganese silicon all had specific data [12]. - **Macro and Industry News**: On September 2, the prices of silicon iron 72 in different regions and the procurement prices of silicon iron and manganese silicon by some steel mills were reported [13]. - **Trend Intensity**: The trend intensity of silicon iron and manganese silicon is 0 [14]. Coke and Coking Coal - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices, trading volumes, positions of futures contracts, and spot prices, basis and spreads of coke and coking coal all had corresponding data [15]. - **Macro and Industry News**: In August, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [15]. - **Trend Intensity**: The trend intensity of coke and coking coal is 1 [15]. Logs - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices, trading volumes, positions of different futures contracts, and spot prices, basis and spreads of logs all had specific data, and the price changes of different types of logs in different regions were also reported [18]. - **Macro and Industry News**: In August, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [20]. - **Trend Intensity**: The trend intensity of logs is 0 [20].

Report Summary 1) Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided on the industry investment rating. 2) Core View of the Report - The report indicates that iron ore is experiencing repeated macro - expectations and is in a wide - range shock state [1]. 3) Summary by Relevant Catalogs Fundamental Tracking - **Futures Data**: The closing price of iron ore futures was 787.5 yuan/ton, with a decrease of 3.0 yuan/ton and a decline rate of 0.38%. The position was 473,608 lots, with an increase of 1,118 lots [1]. - **Spot Price**: Imported ore prices (such as 65% Karara fines, 61.5% PB fines, 61% Jinbuba ore) decreased by 2.0 yuan/ton, while 56.5% Super Special ore remained unchanged. Domestic ore prices (66% Langna ore, 65% Laiwu ore) remained stable [1]. - **Basis and Spread**: The basis (12601 vs Super Special) increased by 3.0 to 93.9, and the basis (12601 vs Jinbuba) increased by 0.8 to 44.2. Spreads such as 12509 - 12601 decreased by 5.0 to 15.5, and 12601 - 12605 decreased by 1.0 to 24.0. The difference between Karara fines and PB fines remained at 112.0, and the difference between PB fines and Super Special decreased by 2.0 to 108.0 [1]. Macro and Industry News - According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics on August 31, the Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) of China's manufacturing industry in August was 49.4%, up 0.1 percentage points from the previous month [1]. Trend Intensity - The trend intensity of iron ore is 0, indicating a neutral outlook, with the range of trend intensity being [-2, 2], where - 2 is the most bearish and 2 is the most bullish [1].

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the report. Core Viewpoints - The report provides daily research and analysis on various commodities in the black series, including iron ore, rebar, hot-rolled coil, ferrosilicon, silicomanganese, coke, coking coal, and logs. The overall view is that most commodities are expected to experience wide - range fluctuations, and logs are expected to fluctuate repeatedly [2]. Summary by Commodity Iron Ore - **Market Outlook**: Due to the repeated macro - expectations, it will experience wide - range fluctuations. The trend strength is 0, indicating a neutral view [2][4]. - **Fundamentals**: The closing price of the I2601 futures contract was 790.5 yuan/ton, up 15 yuan/ton with a 1.93% increase. The position increased by 17,754 hands. Spot prices of imported and domestic ores remained unchanged. Some basis and spread values changed, such as the basis (I2601 to Super Special) decreasing by 15 yuan/ton [4]. - **News**: On August 27, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government Office issued an implementation opinion on accelerating the renovation of urban villages in the city [4]. Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coil - **Market Outlook**: Both are expected to experience wide - range fluctuations. The trend strength for both is 0, showing a neutral view [2][6][7]. - **Fundamentals**: For rebar (RB2510), the closing price was 3,129 yuan/ton, up 17 yuan/ton with a 0.55% increase. For hot - rolled coil (HC2510), the closing price was 3,385 yuan/ton, up 28 yuan/ton with a 0.83% increase. There were changes in trading volume, position, and spot prices in different regions [7]. - **News**: On August 28, steel union weekly data showed changes in production, inventory, and apparent demand. In mid - August 2025, key steel enterprises' production and inventory data also had corresponding changes [8][9]. Ferrosilicon and Silicomanganese - **Market Outlook**: Affected by market information disturbances, they will experience wide - range fluctuations within the day. The trend strength for both is 0, indicating a neutral view [2][10]. - **Fundamentals**: Futures prices of different contracts changed slightly. Spot prices of ferrosilicon in Inner Mongolia remained stable, while the price of silicomanganese in Inner Mongolia decreased by 30 yuan/ton. Various spreads also had corresponding changes [10]. - **News**: Multiple price quotes from the ferroalloy industry were released, and Ningbo Iron and Steel set a bid price for silicomanganese [11][13]. Coke and Coking Coal - **Market Outlook**: Both are expected to experience wide - range fluctuations. The trend strength for both is 0, showing a neutral view [2][14]. - **Fundamentals**: The closing price of the JM2601 coking coal futures contract was 1,175 yuan/ton, up 21 yuan/ton with a 1.8% increase. The closing price of the J2601 coke futures contract was 1,672.5 yuan/ton, up 3 yuan/ton with a 0.2% increase. Spot prices of some varieties remained unchanged, and basis and spread values changed [14]. - **News**: On August 27, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government Office issued an implementation opinion on accelerating the renovation of urban villages in the city [14]. Logs - **Market Outlook**: It will fluctuate repeatedly. The trend strength is 0, indicating a neutral view [2][16]. - **Fundamentals**: Different contract prices, trading volumes, and positions on the log futures market had various changes. Spot prices of most log varieties remained stable [17]. - **News**: On August 27, the Shanghai Municipal People's Government Office issued an implementation opinion on accelerating the renovation of urban villages in the city [19].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core View of the Report - The external macro - influence is more positive, and there are still incremental expectations for monetary and fiscal policies in the later period. The price this week will be more affected by the macro - situation. The supply growth rate of iron ore exceeds expectations, the demand side remains resilient, and the overall supply - demand relationship shifts from balanced and tight to balanced. The short - term price will mainly follow the market trend. The price will fluctuate strongly this week, with the main contract of Dalian Iron (2601 contract) in the range of 775 - 810 yuan/ton, corresponding to the external market FE09 price of about 101 - 105.5 US dollars/ton [3]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Logic - Yesterday, the black - series traded with strong expectations and weak reality, and the overall price rose due to macro - sentiment. The continuous three - week over - seasonal inventory accumulation of rebar at the finished - product end has suppressed the valuation level of the black - series, and the carbon element's disk valuation has returned. The high - profit of blast furnaces has declined from the high level, limiting the space for hot - metal increase. The unexpected increase in supply has also suppressed the disk, and the price generally follows the sector trend [3]. Supply - The overseas ore shipments have slightly declined but still remain at a relatively high level. Among them, the shipments of Rio Tinto and FMG mines in Australia have significantly increased, the shipments from Brazil have dropped significantly after reaching a historical high, and the shipments from non - mainstream mines have also dropped from the high level. The arrival volume is at a medium - to - high level, and overall, the supply - side pressure has weakened [3]. Demand - The domestic daily average hot - metal volume has increased slightly for two consecutive weeks, with the current daily average hot - metal output at 240.75 (a week - on - week increase of 0.09). The profitability rate of steel mills has declined from the high level, and the blast - furnace profit has also continuously decreased. The short - process steelmaking has fallen into full - scale losses again, which protects the demand for iron ore to a certain extent. Overall, the support of domestic demand for prices has weakened marginally. Later, attention should be paid to whether the hot - metal can remain at a high level and the military - parade production - restriction trends in North China [3]. Inventory - The daily consumption of imported ore at steel mills remains high, and the inventory at steel mills has decreased week - on - week. The port inventory has continued to accumulate slightly this period. In the future, with the increase in shipments and the decline of hot - metal production from the high level, it is expected that the inventory will generally remain stable or increase slightly in the short term [3].

Report Title - The report is titled "Black Metal Weekly - Iron Ore" [1] Report Date and Author - The report is dated August 25, 2025, and the author is Bai Jing from the research institute, with the qualification number F03097282 and investment consulting certificate number Z0018999 [3] Industry Investment Rating - No industry investment rating is provided in the report Core View - Fed Chair Jerome Powell's remarks on Friday night increased the expectation of a September interest rate cut, leading to a volatile rebound in commodity prices. Fundamentally, both shipments and arrivals decreased this period, and with pre - parade safety inspections at domestic mines, the short - term supply contraction expectation strengthened. Iron ore production remained at a high level but was expected to decline due to end - of - month northern production restrictions. The 01 contract has strong support at $95 (762), and the price may fluctuate in the range of $95 - $100 in the short term [11] Summary by Section Part 1: Fundamentals and Conclusion Price and Inventory - Last week, the prices of mainstream iron ore spot fluctuated. As of August 22, the Platts 62% index closed at $100.35, down $1.45 week - on - week, equivalent to about 839 yuan at the exchange rate of 7.18. The optimal deliverable is NM powder, with a warehouse receipt price of about 789 yuan/ton, and the 09 iron ore contract is at a discount to the spot. China's 47 - port iron ore inventory increased week - on - week, lower than the same period last year. It is expected to continue to increase slightly next week [7] Supply - Global iron ore shipments totaled 3315.8 tons this period, a decrease of 90.8 tons week - on - week. Shipments from 19 ports in Australia and Brazil totaled 2692.7 tons, an increase of 23.0 tons. Australian shipments increased by 276.8 tons to 1881.0 tons, with shipments to China increasing by 310.7 tons to 1658.2 tons. Brazilian shipments decreased by 253.8 tons to 811.7 tons. From August 18 - 24, 2025, the arrivals at 47 ports in China totaled 2462.3 tons, a decrease of 240.8 tons week - on - week [8] Demand - The average daily iron ore production of 247 sample steel mills increased this period, reaching 240.75 tons/day, an increase of 0.09 tons/day week - on - week. There were 7 new blast furnace overhauls and 3 blast furnace restarts. According to the blast furnace start - stop plan, iron ore production may decline next period. As of August 22, the long - process cash - in - hand cost and profit of rebar and hot - rolled coils in East China were provided, and the electric - furnace cost and profit were also given [9][10] Part 2: Data Sorting Iron Ore Warehouse Receipt Price - The report provides the chemical indicators, quality premiums, brand premiums, spot prices, and warehouse receipt prices of various iron ore varieties. The optimal deliverable is Newman powder with a warehouse receipt price of 789 yuan/ton, and the sub - optimal is PB powder with a warehouse receipt price of 797 yuan/ton [16] Iron Ore Inter - delivery Spread - As of August 22, the 9 - 1 spread of iron ore closed at 19 (+3) [19] Premium Index - As of August 21, the premium index of 62.5% lump ore was 0.181 (+0.001), and the premium index of 65% pellet was 16 (-) [29] Steel Mill Sintered Ore Inventory - As of August 22, the inventory of imported sintered powder ore in 64 sample steel mills was 1254, a decrease of 63.6 (-4.83%) week - on - week; the inventory of domestic sintered powder ore was 8, a decrease of 2.3 (-2.63%); the average inventory days of imported ore decreased by 1.0 (-4.76%) [35] 247 Steel Mills' Imported Ore Inventory and Daily Consumption - As of August 22, the inventory of imported ore in 247 steel mills was 9065.7, a decrease of 70.70 (-0.77%) week - on - week; the daily consumption was 297.8, a decrease of 0.68 (-0.23%); the inventory - to - sales ratio was 30.4, a decrease of 0.17 (-0.56%) [38] Port Inventory and Berthing - The report presents the historical data and trends of port total inventory, berthing ship numbers, Australian ore inventory, Brazilian ore inventory, and trade ore inventory in 45 ports [41] Port Inventory by Ore Type - As of August 22, the inventory of imported port lump ore was 1744, an increase of 56 (3.32%); the inventory of pellet ore was 307, a decrease of 18 (-5.39%); the inventory of iron concentrate was 1102, an increase of 7 (0.64%); the inventory of coarse powder was 10692, a decrease of 20 (-0.18%) [44] Shipment Volume - The report provides the historical shipment volume data from 2020 - 2025 [46][47] Iron Ore Import Quantity - The report shows the historical import volume data of the whole country, Australia, Brazil, South Africa, and other countries [52][53][54][55][56][57][58] Australian Iron Ore Shipments - As of August 22, Australian shipments to China were 1658, an increase of 311 (23.06%) week - on - week; total Australian shipments were 1881, an increase of 276.8 (17.25%); the proportion of shipments to China was 88.16%, an increase of 4.2% (4.95%) [62] Brazilian Iron Ore Shipments - As of August 22, Brazilian shipments to the world were 812, a decrease of 254 (-23.82%) week - on - week [67] Shipments of the Four Major Mines - As of August 22, Rio Tinto's shipments increased by 103 (20.74%); BHP's shipments decreased by 15 (-3.82%); Vale's shipments decreased by 214 (-27.18%); FMG's shipments increased by 172 (70.40%) [68] Iron Ore Arrivals - As of August 22, the arrivals at 45 ports were 2393, a decrease of 83 (-3.4%) week - on - week; the arrivals at northern ports were 1153, a decrease of 100 (-7.9%) week - on - week [75] Freight Rates - The report shows the historical freight rate data of Brazilian Tubarao - Qingdao and Western Australia - Qingdao [77] Domestic Iron Ore Production (Estimated) - As of August 22, the production of iron concentrate in mines was 76.8, a decrease of 2.1 (-2.67%) week - on - week; the inventory of iron concentrate in mines was 33, a decrease of 2 (-4.74%) [79] Steel Mill Sintered Ore Daily Consumption and Capacity Utilization - As of August 22, the blast furnace capacity utilization rate of 247 steel mills was 90.3, an increase of 0.03 (0.03%); the daily consumption of imported sintered powder was 60.8, a decrease of 0.36 (-0.59%); the daily consumption of domestic sintered powder was 8.4, a decrease of 0.30 (-3.46%) [81] Pig Iron Production - The report provides the historical daily pig iron production data of the National Bureau of Statistics and the China Iron and Steel Association from 2016 - 2025, as well as the year - on - year and month - on - month changes [88] Global Pig Iron Production - The report shows the historical pig iron production data of the EU 28 countries, Japan, South Korea, India, the world, and China from 2020 - 2025 [91] Global (Excluding China) Pig Iron Production - The report presents the historical pig iron production data of regions outside China from 2017 - 2025, as well as the month - on - month and year - on - year changes [96]

Report Industry Investment Rating - No specific industry investment rating is provided in the report. Core Viewpoints - The short - term iron ore supply - demand is expected to be balanced and tight, with slow supply growth and strong domestic demand. The short - term iron ore futures price is expected to fluctuate at a high level [1][2]. - The price will fluctuate in a strong range. The main contract of Dalian iron ore futures will be in the range of 775 - 805 yuan/ton, corresponding to the overseas market price of about 101 - 105 US dollars/ton [3]. Summary by Related Catalogs Logic - Last week, the Sino - US tariff policy was implemented, and the domestic short - term macro entered a window period. The market focused more on the Fed's interest - rate cut expectation. Affected by the weakening terminal demand and the exchange's suppression of coking coal speculation, the iron ore price declined. But high blast - furnace profits and short - process losses at off - peak electricity prices are expected to keep domestic demand at a relatively high level in the short term, and the supply - side recovery pressure is not large, with a phased balance in iron ore supply and demand and stable port inventories [1]. Supply - Overseas ore shipments will gradually enter the seasonal recovery cycle, but the overall month - on - month growth rate is low. After the maintenance of Australian BHP and FMG mines ended, shipments did not recover quickly. Brazilian shipments remained at a moderately high level this period. Due to the decline in shipments in July, the short - term arrivals in August are expected to be low, and the actual supply - side pressure is not prominent [1]. Demand - The daily average pig iron output in China ended three consecutive weeks of decline and rebounded slightly, with the current daily average pig iron output at 240.66 (month - on - month +0.34). The current profitability of steel mills is high, blast - furnace profits are considerable, and short - process steelmaking is in full - scale loss. Short - term iron ore demand remains resilient, and high domestic demand strongly supports prices. Later, attention should be paid to whether pig iron production can maintain a high - level upward trend and the military parade production - restriction in North China [2]. Inventory - The daily consumption of imported ore at steel mills remains high, and the inventory at steel mills has been rising month - on - month and is higher than the same period last year. Due to the increase in arrivals, port inventories have slightly accumulated this period. In the future, with the decline in arrivals and high pig iron production, short - term inventories are expected to remain stable or decline slightly [2].

Group 1 - The overall macro expectations, both domestic and international, are being adjusted downwards, leading to a more rational market sentiment [1] - Weak terminal demand is anticipated, which is expected to put pressure on copper prices in the short term [1] - The main trading range for Shanghai copper futures is projected to be between 78,500 and 79,600 yuan per ton [1] Group 2 - The recommended strategy is to adopt a wait-and-see approach or engage in range trading [1]

Report Information - Report Title: Zhengxin Futures Copper Weekly Report 20250811 [2] - Researchers: Wang Yanhong, Zhang Jiefu [2] Investment Rating - Not provided in the report. Core Views - In the macro - aspect, copper prices maintained a narrow - range oscillation within 78000 - 78500. After the copper tariff was implemented, the first stage of COMEX copper's sharp decline to narrow the price difference ended. US "hard data" started to weaken, with the manufacturing level hitting a 9 - month low and three - month non - farm payroll data being sluggish. The market anticipates a September interest - rate cut, but Powell's motives are unclear. In China, risk preference shows resilience, anti - involution sentiment cools, and policy support expectations remain [4][91]. - In terms of industrial fundamentals, the term structure continued to flatten, and China's copper output in July reached a new high. The key lies in overseas fundamental changes, especially the future flow of 260,000 tons of COMEX copper inventory (a 170,000 - ton increase this year). It may flow back to the LME copper market, and the price may be adjusted through COMEX copper's continued decline and a subsequent strength reversal [4][91]. - Regarding the strategy, the domestic copper price game has become dull with both long and short positions reducing. Since the main price variables are overseas and it is currently in a window of macro - expectation changes with a flat fundamental situation, some put - option positions can be added in the low - volatility environment [4][91]. Summary by Directory Macro - aspect - **PMI and Economic Data**: In July 2025, the manufacturing PMI of the US, Eurozone, and China declined. The US manufacturing PMI hit a 9 - month low, and China's manufacturing PMI has been below the boom - bust line for four consecutive months. New orders and new export orders decreased, raw material prices rose, and finished - product inventory declined [13][14]. - **Interest - rate Expectations**: The US "hard data" weakened, and the market expects a September interest - rate cut, but Powell's motives are unclear [14]. - **Domestic Situation**: China's risk preference shows resilience, anti - involution sentiment cools, and policy support expectations remain [14]. Industrial Fundamentals Copper Concentrate Supply - **Global Production**: In 2024, the global copper mine output was 22.835 million tons, a 2.54% increase. In 2025, from January to May, the cumulative output was 9.524 million tons, a 3.27% increase. The global refined copper market had a supply surplus in 2025 [22]. - **China's Imports**: In 2024, China imported 28.114 million tons of copper concentrate, a 2.1% increase. In 2025, from January to May, the cumulative import was 14.7543 million tons, a 6.4% increase, but the import data in June declined [26]. TC (Treatment and Refining Charges) - The SMM import copper concentrate index on August 8 was - 38.06 dollars/ton, up 4.03 dollars/ton from the previous week. The PT Gresik smelter's extended maintenance and the approaching expiration of Indonesia's export quota led to a rise in spot TC [31]. Refined Copper Production - In July 2025, China's electrolytic copper output increased by 3.94 tons month - on - month. It is expected to decline by 0.6 tons in August due to supply shortages [37]. Refined Copper Imports and Exports - In 2024, China imported 3.7388 million tons of refined copper and exported 457,500 tons. In 2025, from January to June, imports were 1.6461 million tons (an 8.6% decrease), and exports were 307,900 tons (a 1.97% increase) [43]. Scrap Copper Supply - In 2024, China imported 2.25 million tons of copper scrap. In 2025, from January to June, the cumulative import was 1.1454 million tons, a 0.5% decrease. The import source structure changed [48]. Consumption - end - **Power and Grid Investment**: In 2024, power investment increased by 12.14%, and grid investment increased by 15.26%. In 2025, from January to June, power investment increased by 5.9%, and grid investment increased by 14.6% [53]. - **Wire and Cable**: Related to grid investment, no detailed new data provided [55]. - **Air - conditioning**: In 2024, the air - conditioning output increased by 9.7%. In 2025, from January to June, it increased by 5.5%, and the industry entered the off - season [58]. - **Automobile**: From January to June 2025, automobile production and sales increased by 12.5% and 11.4% respectively. New - energy vehicle production and sales increased by 41.4% and 40.3% respectively [63]. - **Real Estate**: In 2024, real - estate completion and new - start areas declined. In June 2025, the completion area declined by 14.3%, and the decline narrowed [66]. Other Elements Inventory - As of August 8, the total inventory of the three exchanges was 502,000 tons, a 28,000 - ton increase. The domestic bonded - area inventory was 79,000 tons, a 2,100 - ton decrease [72]. CFTC Non - commercial Net Positions - As of August 5, the CFTC non - commercial long net positions were 20,686 lots, a 16,661 - lot decrease. Both long and short positions decreased [74]. Premiums and Discounts - As of August 8, the LME copper spot was at a discount of - 69.55 dollars/ton. The domestic spot premium first declined and then rose. Imported goods will suppress the premium in the future [85]. Basis - As of August 8, 2025, the basis between the Shanghai Non - ferrous Average Price of Copper 1 and the continuous third - month contract was 210 yuan/ton [87]. Strategy - In the current situation of dull domestic copper - price game, with major price variables overseas, in the window of macro - expectation changes and flat fundamentals, add some put - option positions in the low - volatility environment [4][91]