Export Performance - In April, exports increased by 8.1% year-on-year, exceeding expectations and seasonal levels, with a cumulative export value of $1,169.06 billion for the first four months, reflecting a 6.4% year-on-year growth[11][1]. - The export growth was supported by a significant increase in trade with ASEAN and the EU, with ASEAN becoming China's largest trading partner, showing a 20.8% year-on-year growth in exports to this region[17][1]. - Exports to the US saw a notable decline of 21.03% year-on-year, primarily due to the impact of the US's 145% tariffs on Chinese goods[26][1]. Trade Dynamics - The trade policies of the US have led to a decrease in export share to the US, while shares to the EU and ASEAN have increased, indicating a strengthening of cooperation among non-US countries[14][1]. - The overall trade environment remains optimistic, with potential for policy adjustments in July that could influence export dynamics[39][1]. Key Risks - Future export performance faces uncertainties, particularly regarding the extension of the US tariff exemption period and the outcomes of ongoing trade negotiations between the US and China[42][1]. - Risks include the potential escalation of global trade tensions and geopolitical conflicts, which could adversely affect trade flows and economic stability[43][1].

Macro Strategy - The report analyzes the low consumption rate in China compared to 38 countries, indicating that while disposable income is relatively high, the consumption tendency is low, suggesting that the majority of residents have a willingness to consume but lack the ability to do so [1][11][12] - China's consumption rate is only 37.2%, which is 16.6 percentage points lower than the average of 53.8% among the 38 countries [11] - The report emphasizes the need to increase the income of the middle and low-income groups to stimulate consumption, as the current tax burden on these groups is low, which does not favor consumption [1][12] Fixed Income - Following the recent interest rate cuts, short-term interest rates have decreased while long-term rates have increased, indicating a market adjustment to the new monetary policy [5][17] - The report suggests that the long-term interest rate trend remains downward, but the market has overreacted to the rate cut expectations, requiring time for adjustment [5][17] - The current yield curve indicates a reasonable spread between 10-year and 1-year government bonds, suggesting potential investment opportunities in the bond market [5][17] Industry Insights - The report highlights the recent developments in BoRui Pharmaceutical, which is raising 500 million yuan through a private placement, with the controlling shareholder fully subscribing, indicating strong confidence in the company's pipeline [6] - The company is advancing its clinical trials for BGM0504, which shows promising results compared to its competitors, suggesting a potential competitive edge in the market [6] - The report also discusses Kangnong Agriculture's expansion in the Huanghuaihai region, projecting steady growth in profits for 2025 and 2026 due to increased sales [7][8] Communication Industry - Shengke Communication reported a revenue of 1.08 billion yuan in 2024, with a focus on high-end product development and cost optimization, leading to improved gross margins [9] - The company is increasing its R&D investment significantly, which is expected to drive future growth and align with the domestic demand for high-end networking products [9][10] - The report notes that the company has successfully entered the supply chains of major domestic network equipment manufacturers, indicating a strong market position [9]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry or Company Involved - The discussion primarily revolves around the **mechanical industry** and its interactions with **U.S.-China trade relations** and **tariffs**. Specific companies mentioned include **Caterpillar**, **Genie**, **Apple**, **Amazon**, and **Stanley Black & Decker**. Core Points and Arguments - **U.S.-China Tariff Negotiations**: Ongoing negotiations indicate a possibility of reducing tariffs, particularly on non-strategic goods like textiles, which could benefit related industries [1][3] - **Transshipment Trade Risks**: Brand companies face high risks with transshipment trade due to legal issues, while basic processing companies, such as apparel firms, have lower legal risks and higher feasibility, potentially leading to better performance [4][5] - **Response to High Tariffs**: If high tariffs persist, companies like Stanley Black & Decker are shifting supply chains to Southeast Asia or Mexico and raising prices to mitigate tariff impacts. Chinese companies may also consider passing costs downstream [6] - **Healthy Demand in U.S. Market**: Caterpillar and Genie report healthy new order demand, primarily from large projects and infrastructure, alleviating concerns about market conditions [7] - **Apple and Amazon's Financial Impact**: Apple anticipates a $900 million increase in costs for Q2, which is manageable given its revenue scale. Amazon's retail prices have not significantly increased, but there is potential for future price hikes [10] - **Commercial Kitchen Equipment Industry**: Companies like Rational AG face increased costs due to tariffs on stainless steel, but have not yet raised prices. They are prepared to negotiate price increases if necessary [11] - **Overall Mechanical Industry Perspective**: The industry expects price increases in the U.S. market as a natural response to tariffs, with companies showing strong pricing power. However, demand fluctuations due to inflation remain a concern [12] - **Transshipment Trade Viability**: Despite high tariffs, transshipment trade remains a viable option, with companies showing stable growth. Attention should be given to emerging markets in Europe, Africa, and South America [13] - **Monitoring U.S. Consumer Market**: Upcoming earnings reports from major retailers like Walmart will be crucial for understanding U.S. consumer trends and adjusting research directions [14] Other Important but Potentially Overlooked Content - **Long-term Stability**: Historical data suggests that many sectors have shown relative stability even during economic downturns, indicating potential resilience in U.S. exports [12] - **Impact of Inflation on Demand**: Future inflation leading to a 10% price increase could create demand uncertainties, which is a critical concern for the export chain [12] - **Technological Developments**: The call also touched on advancements in humanoid robotics, particularly in hand-eye coordination and visual technology, which may influence future investment opportunities [14]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights three unexpected aspects of China's export growth in April 2025, indicating resilience in exports despite challenges, with a focus on the strong performance in exports to the U.S., the effectiveness of re-export trade, and the growth in exports to non-U.S. markets [1][5][6]. Summary by Sections Export Growth Performance - In April 2025, China's export growth rate was 8.1% year-on-year in dollar terms, down from 12.4% previously, while imports saw a slight decline of -0.2% compared to -4.3% before [2]. - Month-on-month, exports increased by 0.6% from March, showing strong resilience despite potential over-extraction in March and the impact of tariffs in April [2]. Trade Surplus and Economic Support - The trade surplus in April was stronger than the average for the first quarter of 2025, providing support for the economy [3]. Export Structure Analysis - The export structure showed significant differentiation: exports to the U.S. fell sharply by -21.0%, while exports to ASEAN and Latin America rose significantly by 20.8% and 17.3%, respectively [4]. - Despite tariff exemptions for mobile phones and computers, export growth in these categories declined, possibly due to prior over-extraction [4]. Unexpected Aspects of Export Growth - The resilience of exports to the U.S. was unexpected, with a month-on-month decline of only about 19 percentage points from seasonal norms, indicating a high dependency of U.S. importers on Chinese goods [5]. - Re-export trade showed unexpected strength, with a combined export growth rate of 4.7% to the U.S., ASEAN, and Latin America, suggesting that re-export trade effectively offset declines in direct exports to the U.S. [5]. - Exports to regions outside the U.S., ASEAN, and Latin America grew by 10.4%, surpassing previous averages, indicating that Chinese exporters are actively seeking new markets [6]. Future Outlook - Short-term export growth may face challenges due to potential cooling in small package exports and capacity constraints in re-export trade, but April's performance demonstrates strong resilience [6].

丨证券研究报告丨 中国经济丨点评报告 [Table_Title] 转口贸易支撑出口韧性增长 ——4 月外贸数据点评 报告要点 [Table_Summary] 4 月出口表现远超市场预期，主要缘于转口贸易的强劲支撑。其中，对东盟出口提升最为显著。 从当下来看，市场或在一定程度上高估了关税政策对出口和经济的影响。一方面，7 月 9 日关 税豁免期到期前，我国企业仍可以通过转口贸易规避高额关税。另一方面，美国与主要贸易伙 伴的贸易谈判在加速推进中；同时，特朗普对本周末的中美经贸谈判持乐观态度。总的来看， 出口短期或仍有韧性，长期走势取决于贸易谈判结果。 分析师及联系人 [Table_Author] 于博 黄帅 SAC：S0490520090001 SFC：BUX667 请阅读最后评级说明和重要声明 %% %% [Table_Title 转口贸易支撑出口韧性增长 2] ——4 月外贸数据点评 [Table_Summary2] 事件描述 2025 年 5 月 9 日，海关总署发布 4 月外贸数据：以美元计，我国 4 月出口 3156.9 亿美元，进 口 2195.1 亿美元，贸易顺差为 961.8 亿美元。 事件评论 ...

图1：4月进出口表现好于市场预期 4月我国进出口金额同比增速表现好于市场预期，出口增速下滑但仍保持较快增长，进口降幅收窄，贸易顺差 大幅扩张。 按美元计价，进出口总金额5,352亿美元，同比增长4.6%。其中，出口3,156.9亿美元，同比 8.1%（3月12.4%，市场预期0.7%）；进口2,195.1亿美元，同比-0.2%（3月-4.3%，市场预期-6.9%）；贸易顺差 961.8亿美元，同比扩张241.9亿美元（+33.6%）。4月外需下行压力初步显现，重点港口货物和集装箱吞吐量 先下降后回升，出口集装箱运价指数环比下滑4.5%。 分地区看， 相较3月，我国对美国以及非美地区出口增速表现明显分化。4月对美出口增速大幅下降30.1pct 至-21.0%，对非美地区出口增速上行0.1pct至13.0%。非美地区中，对新兴市场如东盟出口增速大幅上行9.2pct 至20.8%，对拉美（17.3%）、非洲（25.3%）出口增速下行但保持较高增速。对欧盟增速下行2.0pct至8.3%， 对日本（7.8%）、 中国台湾地区（15.5%）出口增速提升。随着中美贸易摩擦冲击进一步显现，我国对美和对 非美地区出口表现或继续 ...

Macro Strategy - The report highlights that China's consumption rate is only 37.2%, significantly lower than the average of 53.8% across 38 countries, indicating a need to improve the income of the middle and low-income groups to boost consumption [1][16][17] - It is noted that the low consumption rate is primarily due to a low consumption propensity, with China's consumption propensity at 62% compared to the average of 92.3% for the 38 countries [1][16] - The report suggests that increasing the tax burden on high-income earners and redistributing the revenue to lower-income groups could potentially increase total consumption by 1.6 trillion yuan, raising the consumption rate by 1.3 percentage points [1][17] Macro Commentary - The Federal Reserve maintained its interest rate at the May FOMC meeting, expressing concerns about economic uncertainty and stagflation risks, which complicates the decision-making process regarding interest rate cuts [2][18] - The commentary indicates that the market's expectation of three interest rate cuts this year may be overly optimistic, with potential upward pressure on U.S. Treasury yields [2][18] Industry Insights - The report on the AI and automotive industry emphasizes the growing opportunities for leading third-party autonomous driving suppliers, driven by the demand for equal access to intelligent driving technology and performance validation [6] - It is projected that leading autonomous driving suppliers could capture about 50% of the market share in new car sales, particularly benefiting second and third-tier automakers [6] - The report also discusses the competitive landscape for domestic chip manufacturers, noting that they have made significant progress in performance and production validation, positioning themselves to compete with established players like NVIDIA [6] Real Estate Industry - The real estate sector is expected to stabilize gradually due to the introduction of incremental policies and a reduction in housing loan interest rates, with a focus on quality developers in core cities [9] - Recommendations include developers like China Resources Land and Yuexiu Property, as well as property management companies such as China Resources Vientiane Life and Greentown Service [9] Construction Materials Industry - The report indicates that public fund holdings in the residential industry chain remain low, with a slight increase in construction and building materials allocations [8] - The concentration of holdings in the construction materials sector has increased, with 27% of stocks in this sector held by public funds [8]

青岛港转口贸易 3. 贸易形式灵活：转口贸易可以是纯*粹转口，即货物在第三国不经过加工再出口；也可以是加工转口， 即货物在第三国经过加工增值后再出口。 转口贸易的发展趋势 未来的转口贸易将在以下几个方面得到发展: 1. 转口贸易产品多样化：近年来，我国转口贸易的产品范围越来越广泛，涉及到机械、电子、纺织、日用 品、等众多领域。 2. 转口贸易服务多元化：针对企业在转口贸易中遇到的瓶颈问题，在服务提供和配套优惠方面会有所调整 和优化。 转口贸易报关公司 转口保税区报关操作 转口贸易又称中转贸易（intermediary trade），指国际贸易中进出口货品的生意，不是在生产国与消费国 之间直接进行，而是通过第三国易手进行的买卖。这种贸易对中转国来说即是转口贸易。贸易的货品能够 由出口国运往第三国，在第三国不通过加工（转换包装、分类、选择、收拾等不作为加工论）再销往消费 国；也能够不通过第三国而直接由生产国运往消费国，但生产国与消费国之间并不发生贸易联系，而是由 中转国分别同生产国和消费国发生贸易。由于中国是世界上遭遇反倾销最多的国家，所以这种贸易形式， 也几乎变成躲避贸易制裁的专用方式之一。I56**2II8* ...

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The records focus on the impact of U.S. punitive tariffs on Chinese export enterprises, particularly in April 2025, highlighting significant declines in exports to the U.S. and the resulting strategies adopted by Chinese companies to cope with the new trade environment [1][2][4][5]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Impact of Tariffs on Exports**: - Following the implementation of U.S. tariffs in April 2025, there was a substantial drop in Chinese exports to the U.S., with many companies halting shipments or returning goods [1][2][4]. - Specific industries such as zippers, power tools, and automotive parts were notably affected, with some companies reporting order reductions of up to 50% [2][4]. 2. **Response Strategies by Chinese Companies**: - Companies adopted various strategies, including stockpiling goods, adjusting export destinations, and relocating production overseas [1][3][19]. - High-value, low-cost products continued to be exported despite tariffs, as importers could still absorb the costs [8][19]. 3. **Inflationary Effects in the U.S.**: - The tariffs have significantly contributed to rising inflation in the U.S., with most imported products facing additional tariffs of 15%-20%, leading to increases in the Producer Price Index (PPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) [10][27]. 4. **Market Diversification**: - Companies are gradually reducing reliance on the U.S. market, shifting focus to Europe and emerging markets, and adjusting product pricing accordingly [3][14][19]. 5. **E-commerce Resilience**: - The Chinese cross-border e-commerce sector has shown resilience, with online sales less affected by tariffs compared to offline channels, as companies utilize overseas warehouses to manage inventory [28][29]. 6. **Challenges in Supply Chain Transition**: - Transitioning supply chains to Southeast Asia presents challenges, including increased costs and production inefficiencies, as well as stricter origin certification requirements [15][16][45]. 7. **Future Trade Dynamics**: - There are indications of potential easing of tariffs, with discussions around possibly lowering average tariffs on Chinese imports [11]. - The overall economic outlook remains pessimistic, with expectations of negative impacts on both the U.S. and global economies due to the tariffs [27]. Additional Important Insights - **Order Trends**: Despite the challenges, about 61%-62% of surveyed companies reported stable or increasing orders from non-U.S. markets, indicating some resilience in global demand [26]. - **Emerging Market Opportunities**: There are growth opportunities in emerging markets, particularly in infrastructure-related sectors, as demand for construction equipment rises [22]. - **Logistics and Shipping**: The logistics sector faces significant risks due to halted trade routes, necessitating new solutions and adjustments in supply chain strategies [33][34]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights from the conference call records, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of the Chinese export industry in light of U.S. tariffs and the strategies being employed to navigate these challenges.

Group 1: Trade War Overview - The current US-China trade war is an escalation of the 2018 trade conflict, with the US imposing an average import tariff of 134.7% on Chinese goods, with some products facing tariffs as high as 245%[11][15]. - Historically, the US has initiated seven rounds of trade wars, with the 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act being a significant example that worsened the Great Depression[5][8]. - The trade war has led to increased volatility in global capital markets and a restructuring of the global trade system[7]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The trade war is expected to impact China's GDP growth by approximately 0.9-1.6 percentage points under neutral scenarios, with potential declines of 2.0-2.6 percentage points in pessimistic scenarios[6][26]. - China's exports to the US are heavily reliant on specific sectors, with textiles and light industrial products being particularly vulnerable, where over 50% of certain products are exported to the US[27][28]. - The US trade deficit with China decreased from 2.0% of GDP to 1.0% from 2018 Q3 to 2024 Q3, while the deficit with other countries increased from 2.2% to 3.0%[14]. Group 3: Strategic Responses - China has implemented countermeasures, including reciprocal tariffs and diversifying export markets to reduce reliance on the US, with exports to Vietnam increasing by 1.4% over the past five years[27][28]. - The Chinese government is focusing on expanding domestic demand and technological advancements to mitigate the impact of tariffs, emphasizing investment in high-tech sectors[6][26]. - Long-term strategies include reforming state-owned enterprises and enhancing social security to boost consumer spending and economic resilience[6][26].