文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 这个逻辑也很容易理解：一轮牛熊市7-10 年,如果只看2-3年数据,容易盲人摸象。 解决方法: 找同风格的、其他历史比较长 的指数，作为参考。 过，对历史数据的参考，最好包括历史的 几轮牛熊市。 一般同风格品种，涨跌上会比较相似。历 史的高低估阶段会相对重合。 例如是小盘股，可以参考中证1000;成长 风格，可以参考成长指数。 来模拟以前牛熊市大致的涨跌幅度。 (2) 指数规则修改，带来估值变化。 此时看百分位意义也不大。 例如中证100，名称修改为中证A100。从 原来按照市值的大小挑选股票，变成类似 于A500的龙头策略。 估值就发生较大变化。 再比如 H股指数,早些年是40只股票,金 融行业占比高。后来改为50只股票，纳入 了不少互联网公司。 规则修改后，以前的历史估值也就失去了 参考价值。 解决方法: 按照新规则，去计算以前的估 值数据。 早期红利指数是市值加权，也就是哪个股 票市值大，在指数中占比高。 当时的红利指数，银行股占比能达到60% 以上。 现在红利指数,是股息率加权。哪个股息 率高，在指数中占比高。 (3) 指数估值加权算法不同，带来百分位 发生变化 ...

Core Concept - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the "collaboration" between assets in investment allocation, which is mathematically represented by "correlation" [3][4]. Asset Allocation Principles - Ideal investment portfolios should consist of assets with varying correlations: assets with a correlation close to +1 move together, those with a correlation close to -1 move inversely, and those with a correlation close to 0 operate independently [4]. - The modern portfolio theory proposed by Nobel laureate Harry Markowitz suggests that scientific diversification can significantly reduce risk without sacrificing returns [4]. Mathematical Framework - For perfectly negatively correlated assets (correlation of -1), the allocation ratio should be inversely proportional to their volatility. If two funds have the same volatility, equal allocation is appropriate [5][7]. - If the volatilities differ, the allocation should favor the asset with lower volatility. For example, if Fund A has a volatility of 10% and Fund B has 30%, the optimal allocation would be 75% in Fund A and 25% in Fund B [7]. - For assets with a correlation close to 0, the allocation ratio should be inversely proportional to the square of their volatility. This allows for optimization of the risk-return profile even among uncorrelated assets [10][13]. Investment Insights - Including negatively correlated assets in a portfolio can effectively reduce overall volatility. While perfectly negatively correlated assets are rare, seeking low or negatively correlated assets remains a valid strategy for optimizing investment portfolios [9]. - The article illustrates that even with uncorrelated assets, appropriate weight allocation can enhance the risk-return ratio. For instance, a combination of five uncorrelated assets can reduce volatility significantly compared to individual assets [15]. Addressing Concerns about Returns - The article argues that proper asset allocation does not diminish returns; rather, it can stabilize and enhance them. The key is to select high-performing assets rather than diversifying for the sake of it [17]. - Examples provided include combining U.S. stocks with A-shares, both of which have long-term annualized returns of around 8-10%, resulting in a stable combined return while reducing volatility [17]. Practical Guidelines for Portfolio Construction - Step 1: Diversify across major asset classes such as stocks (high long-term returns, high volatility), bonds (stable returns, low volatility), and commodities (inflation hedge) [21]. - Step 2: Diversify by region and strategy, investing in various markets and styles to mitigate risks [21]. - Step 3: Regularly rebalance the portfolio to maintain the desired asset allocation, selling portions of assets that have appreciated significantly and buying those that have declined [21].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses various investment styles, emphasizing the importance of diversification and the cyclical nature of investment styles, suggesting that different styles may perform better at different times [5][12]. Group 1: Investment Styles - Balanced style is characterized by a diversified portfolio across multiple industries, typically resulting in smaller maximum drawdowns compared to the market [2][3]. - Deep value style, represented by Graham, focuses on valuation metrics such as low price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) ratios, as well as high dividend yields [5]. - Growth value style, exemplified by Buffett, emphasizes a company's profitability and cash flow, often investing in high return on equity (ROE) and stable cash flow stocks [7][8]. - Growth style prioritizes high revenue and earnings growth rates, showing a higher tolerance for valuations compared to the overall market [9]. - Deep growth style targets early-stage industries where revenue and earnings have not yet reached high growth phases, commonly seen in venture capital [10][11]. Group 2: Style Rotation and Strategy - Different investment styles do not move in tandem; style rotation occurs approximately every 3-5 years, although predicting the exact timing is challenging [12]. - The strategy involves maintaining a diversified portfolio with low-valued stocks across different styles, adjusting allocations based on valuation changes [12].

Core Viewpoint - The market is experiencing style rotation, with growth styles currently performing strongly while value styles are lagging behind. The recent rise in the ChiNext index indicates a shift in market dynamics, suggesting potential investment opportunities in growth sectors [4][10][11]. Market Performance - The market saw a rise during the day, reaching a peak of 4.1 stars, but closed at 4.2 stars, indicating a slight pullback [1][2]. - Large-cap stocks showed minor gains, while small-cap stocks experienced slight declines [3]. - The growth style overall is on the rise, with significant increases in the ChiNext index recently, which had been undervalued for a long time [4][7][8]. Valuation Insights - The ChiNext index is approaching a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of approximately 45 times, indicating it is nearing overvaluation [9]. - Value styles, such as free cash flow and Hong Kong-Shanghai dividend stocks, have seen increases, with the latter rising 7-8% this year, marking the fifth consecutive year of growth [12][13]. - The average turnover rate in A-shares is significantly high, suggesting that many retail investors hold stocks for less than a month, which may not be sufficient to weather market corrections [42][43]. Investment Behavior - Historical data shows that during bull markets, it is common to experience pullbacks, and the market often exhibits a pattern of sharp rises followed by corrections [18][24]. - Attempting to time the market by selling before a correction and buying back at lower prices is challenging and often leads to missed opportunities [27][28]. - Frequent trading and chasing market trends can significantly reduce investor returns, with studies indicating that high turnover rates correlate with lower average profits [52]. Long-term Investment Strategy - Long-term stock and fund investments are closely tied to valuation and earnings growth, with valuation primarily affecting short-term returns and earnings growth driving long-term performance [44][46]. - Investors are encouraged to focus on controlling costs and enhancing revenue, akin to running a business, to achieve better investment outcomes [49][50]. Dividend and Cash Flow Indices - The article includes a valuation table for various dividend and free cash flow indices, providing insights into their earnings yields, P/E ratios, and other financial metrics for reference [51][65].

Core Viewpoint - The recent rise of A-shares above 3800 points presents an opportunity for investors to reassess their portfolios, emphasizing the importance of a diversified asset allocation strategy to navigate market volatility and potential downturns [4][6]. Group 1: Market Sentiment and Fund Performance - Despite the current bullish market sentiment and many funds reaching historical highs, a significant number of investors redeemed their holdings before the market's upswing, leading to missed opportunities [6]. - Data indicates that from 2022 to 2024, the net subscription scale of equity funds has continuously shrunk, with net redemptions peaking in the first quarter and fourth quarter of 2024 [6]. Group 2: Volatility and Historical Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index has a compound annual growth rate of 11.6% since its inception in 1990, but it also has an annualized volatility of 43.71%, which is significantly higher than many global indices [10][11]. - Since 2014, the annual maximum drawdown for the CSI 300 and equity fund indices has exceeded 15% in about 60% of the years, highlighting the challenges of long-term holding for domestic investors [12]. Group 3: Timing Strategies and Their Challenges - The desire to time the market is common among investors, but the reality often leads to missed opportunities, as evidenced by the significant drop in annualized returns when missing the best-performing days [16][18]. - From 2014 to the present, maintaining a position in equity funds yields an average annual return of around 15%, but missing the top-performing days drastically reduces this return [16][18]. Group 4: Asset Allocation Strategies - Given the high volatility of the A-share market, a diversified asset allocation strategy is recommended to mitigate risks and enhance returns [22]. - Different asset classes exhibit varying risk-return characteristics, and combining low or negatively correlated assets can help reduce overall portfolio volatility [22][24]. Group 5: Simulation of Asset Allocation - Simulations show that adjusting the asset allocation to include dividend stocks and global indices can lead to smoother net value curves and reduced drawdowns during market downturns [30][32]. - Incorporating bonds into the asset mix further stabilizes the portfolio, increasing the likelihood of maintaining positions during market fluctuations [35][37]. Group 6: Importance of Diversification - Diversification in asset allocation is emphasized as a crucial strategy for investors, with notable figures in finance advocating for a mix of uncorrelated return streams to enhance portfolio performance [38].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts on A-shares and Hong Kong stocks, highlighting that while the initial reaction may be positive, the benefits may diminish over time due to market expectations and previous price adjustments [3][5][6]. Group 1: Market Reactions - The stock market experienced fluctuations, with A-shares and Hong Kong stocks showing a significant rise of approximately 33% globally since the Fed's first announcement of rate cuts in September 2024 [5]. - The A-share market, represented by the CSI All Share Index, increased by over 50%, while the Hong Kong Hang Seng Index rose by over 60% during the same period [5]. - The article notes that the current market conditions reflect a decline in large-cap stocks, with a more modest drop in small-cap stocks, indicating a shift in investor sentiment [5][6]. Group 2: Interest Rate Dynamics - The Federal Reserve cut interest rates by 25 basis points, aligning with market expectations, which is seen as beneficial for global assets, including A-shares and Hong Kong stocks [5][6]. - The article emphasizes that the benefits of rate cuts may not be immediate and often manifest before the actual cut occurs, as markets tend to price in expectations [5][6]. - Future expectations suggest that the Fed may implement additional rate cuts, potentially lowering rates by another 50 basis points, which could further influence market dynamics [6]. Group 3: Valuation Insights - The article provides insights into the valuation of dividend and free cash flow indices, suggesting that these metrics are crucial for assessing investment opportunities in the current market environment [7][10]. - A valuation table is included, detailing various indices' earnings yield, price-to-earnings ratio, and other financial metrics, which can guide investors in making informed decisions [8][9]. - The article encourages investors to monitor these valuations regularly through a dedicated mini-program for updated data [10].

Core Viewpoint - The market is experiencing fluctuations, with value styles showing relative strength during these times, indicating potential investment opportunities in value-oriented stocks and funds [3][4][10]. Market Overview - The overall market slightly declined, with the CSI All Share Index down by 0.13% [1]. - Large-cap stocks saw slight gains, while small-cap stocks experienced more significant declines [2]. - The pharmaceutical sector showed overall gains, contrasting with the slight decline in consumer stocks that had previously risen [5][6]. Investment Strategies - In the current market environment, it is advised to maintain a steady position and avoid frequent trading to prevent losses [8][11]. - The recent market behavior resembles the trends observed between 2013 and 2017, suggesting that undervalued stocks across various categories will eventually have their performance phases [9][10]. Value Style Performance - Value styles, including dividend and free cash flow stocks, have seen an increase, although the overall rise has been modest this year [4][18][19]. - The A-share CSI Dividend Index showed a slight decline from the beginning of the year until August 21, while the Hong Kong dividend stocks have seen some gains, albeit limited [20][21]. Fund Performance and Strategies - The "Monthly Salary Treasure" strategy is currently undervalued, with 40% of its portfolio in value-oriented stocks [17]. - The bond portion of the "Monthly Salary Treasure" strategy is focused on medium to short-term bonds, which are currently more favorable compared to long-term bonds that have seen significant declines this year [28][30]. - The strategy includes an automatic rebalancing feature to optimize returns by adjusting the stock and bond allocations based on market movements [28][30]. Valuation Insights - A valuation table for dividend indices has been created for reference, highlighting various metrics such as earnings yield, price-to-earnings ratio, and return on equity [22][41]. - The current valuation of value styles has not improved significantly since the beginning of the year, indicating potential for future appreciation as market conditions evolve [27]. Upcoming Events - A live session is scheduled to discuss historical bull and bear market characteristics and current market stages, providing insights for investors [4].

Core Viewpoint - The demand for stable returns has led to an increased interest in dividend assets, which has enhanced their investment value in the market [1][2]. Group 1: Market Trends - As of August 20 this year, 87.5% of the 256 dividend indices in the A-share market have risen, indicating strong market interest in dividend assets [1]. - The active buying amount for dividend-related ETF products reached 198.6 billion yuan, accounting for 87.74% of the total buying amount for strategy index ETFs, reflecting high market recognition and active positioning towards dividend assets [1]. - A total of 35 new dividend indices have been launched this year, covering various market capitalizations and strategy factors, indicating a rapid response to market demand for high-dividend, stable-return assets [2]. Group 2: Policy and Regulatory Environment - The China Securities Regulatory Commission's action plan aims to promote the development of more dividend, low-volatility, and value strategy index ETFs, providing clear policy signals for the introduction of new indices [2]. - Regulatory guidance has been issued to encourage listed companies to strengthen their dividend awareness and standardize dividend behavior, promoting a healthy market ecosystem [5]. Group 3: Corporate Actions - Companies like Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. have announced significant dividend plans, such as a 1.71 billion yuan interim profit distribution for 2025, reflecting a commitment to shareholder returns [6]. - The enhancement of dividend capabilities is viewed as a long-term endeavor for companies, requiring a balance between retained earnings and dividend payouts to meet both development needs and investor expectations [6]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The ongoing improvement of the dividend index investment ecosystem is expected to provide diverse investment targets, guiding funds towards companies with stable dividend capabilities and excellent financial performance [4]. - Enhanced transparency in index compilation and publication will enable investors to better understand market dynamics and make more rational investment decisions, promoting the long-term value investment philosophy [4].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The Chinese economy is in a marginal de - leveraging process, with the liability growth rate of the real - sector expected to decline. The government aims to stabilize the macro - leverage ratio, and the monetary policy will generally remain neutral and difficult to be continuously loose. The market is currently affected by risk preference, and the subsequent trends of risk preference, economic recovery, and the US economy need to be focused on [2][3][7] - In the context of the contraction of the national balance sheet, the allocation of financial assets should adopt a dumbbell - shaped strategy. The bond market is the large base, and the stock market is the small head. The stock allocation strategy is dividend plus growth, and the bond allocation strategy is duration plus credit - sinking [25] - In the contraction cycle, the equity - bond ratio favors equities to a limited extent, and the value style is more likely to be dominant. Red - dividend stocks with characteristics of non - expansion, good profitability, and survival are recommended [12][67] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 National Balance Sheet Analysis - **Liability Side**: In July 2025, the liability growth rate of the real sector was 9.0%, with a lower - than - expected rebound. It is expected to decline to 8.9% in August and further to 8% by the end of the year. The government's liability growth rate is also expected to decline from 15.7% in July to 14.8% in August and 12.5% by the end of the year. The money market has tightened marginally, and the peak of the money market in August was likely in the first week [2][3][21] - **Monetary Policy**: The trading volume of funds decreased last week, and the price was stable. The one - year Treasury yield rose to 1.37%, and the term spread widened. The estimated lower limit of the one - year Treasury yield is 1.3%, the ten - year Treasury yield is about 1.6%, and the thirty - year Treasury yield is about 1.8% [3][22] - **Asset Side**: After a brief stabilization in June, the physical volume data declined again in July. The annual real economic growth target for 2025 is about 5%, and the nominal economic growth target is about 4.9%. Whether this will be the central target for the next 1 - 2 years needs further observation [4][23] 3.2 Stock - Bond Ratio and Stock - Bond Style - **Market Performance Last Week**: The money market tightened marginally, but risk preference increased. Stocks rose, and bonds fell. The equity growth style was dominant, and the stock - bond ratio favored stocks, breaking through the previous high on August 15th [6][26] - **Future Outlook**: The trend of risk preference is uncertain. There are three possible scenarios: range - bound fluctuations, a short - term upward trend, or a fundamental change in the subjective weighting of Chinese profitability. A portfolio of growth - type equity assets and long - term bonds is recommended, with a 70% position in the CSI 1000 Index and a 30% position in the 30 - year Treasury ETF [10][11][29] 3.3 Industry Recommendation - **Industry Performance Review**: The A - share market rose this week. The communication, electronics, non - bank finance, power equipment, and computer sectors had the largest increases, while the bank, steel, textile and apparel, coal, and public utilities sectors had the largest declines [35] - **Industry Crowding and Trading Volume**: As of August 15th, the top five crowded industries were electronics, computer, power equipment, machinery, and non - bank finance. The trading volume of the whole A - share market increased this week, with non - bank finance, real estate, and other sectors having the highest growth rates [36][38] - **Industry Valuation and Profitability**: The PE (TTM) of the comprehensive, communication, and other sectors increased the most this week, while the bank, steel, and other sectors declined. Industries with high 2024 full - year profit forecasts and relatively low current valuations include banks, coal, and oil and petrochemicals [41][42] - **Industry Prosperity**: External demand generally declined. The global manufacturing PMI decreased in July, and the CCFI index fell. Domestic indicators such as port throughput and industrial capacity utilization showed mixed trends [46] - **Public Fund Market Review**: In the second week of August, most active public equity funds outperformed the CSI 300. As of August 15th, the net asset value of active public equity funds was slightly higher than that in Q4 2024 [62] - **Industry Recommendation**: In the contraction cycle, the equity - bond ratio favors equities to a limited extent, and the value style is more likely to be dominant. An A + H red - dividend portfolio of 20 stocks and an A - share portfolio of 20 stocks, mainly concentrated in banks, telecommunications, and other industries, are recommended [12][67]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent fluctuations in the A-share and Hong Kong stock markets, highlighting the rotation between different market styles, particularly between large-cap and small-cap stocks, as well as growth and value styles. It emphasizes the importance of understanding valuation changes and the underlying factors affecting them. Group 1: Market Performance - The overall A-share market has risen over 10% this year, while the Hong Kong market has outperformed with a 24% increase [10] - The main drivers of this year's gains are the Hong Kong market, small-cap stocks, and growth styles, particularly in technology and pharmaceuticals [11] - Despite the overall market rise, some stocks have seen their valuations decrease since the beginning of the year [12] Group 2: Valuation Changes - Valuation declines can occur due to several reasons: market declines, increased earnings growth, and index rebalancing [13][15] - Even if an index rises, if the underlying companies' earnings grow more significantly, the index's valuation can decrease [14] - Value style indices often experience valuation drops during rebalancing as they select lower-valued stocks [16] Group 3: Specific Sector Analysis - Consumer and liquor sectors have seen valuation declines this year, primarily due to weak fundamentals [18][19] - Quality indices, which focus on high ROE stocks, have shown slight increases this year, but their valuations have not improved significantly [27] - Dividend indices have also seen slight increases, but their valuations have decreased due to earnings growth [31][36] Group 4: Investment Strategies - Value and dividend strategies tend to perform better in bear markets, while growth strategies dominate in bull markets [44] - The article suggests that for investors concerned about market volatility, value and fixed-income strategies may offer a more stable investment approach [56][58] - The article provides a valuation table for dividend indices, indicating potential investment opportunities [45]