长江期货贵金属周报 贸易谈判取得进展，价格承压回调 2025/7/28 【产业服务总部|有色中心】 资深研究员：李 旎 执业编号:F3085657 投资咨询号:Z0017083 长江期货股份有限公司交易咨询业务资格：鄂证监期货字[2014]1号 目录 01 行情回顾 02 周度观点 03 海外宏观经济指标 04 当周重要经济数据 05 当周重要宏观事件和政策 06 库存 07 基金持仓 08 本周关注重点 01 行情回顾：上周 美国与多国贸易谈判结果落地，加征关税幅度基本低于 1610 1810 2010 2210 2410 2610 2810 3010 3210 3410 3610 2024/01/02 2024/02/02 2024/03/02 2024/04/02 2024/05/02 2024/06/02 2024/07/02 2024/08/02 2024/09/02 2024/10/02 2024/11/02 2024/12/02 2025/01/02 2025/02/02 2025/03/02 2025/04/02 2025/05/02 2025/06/02 2025/07/02 市场预期。市场 ...

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content Group 2: Core View of the Report - The supply of lithium carbonate is expected to be stable, with South American imports likely to supplement supply, and the demand from the energy storage terminal is good, with the production schedule of large battery cell manufacturers increasing in July. The price of lithium carbonate is expected to be supported in the short - term, and it is recommended to hold long positions in the short - term and continue to monitor the production cuts of upstream enterprises and the production schedule of cathode material manufacturers [5] Group 3: Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Weekly View Supply - side - Last week, the output of lithium carbonate increased by 235 tons to 18,548 tons, and the output in June increased by 10.9% to 80,962 tons. Recently, many lithium mine projects have restarted production, but the production enterprises in Yichun and Qinghai have received notices of re - review of mining rights transfer, affecting supply. In the first quarter, Australian mines achieved cost control, and the room for further cost reduction is extremely limited. In June 2025, the import volume of lithium ore in China was 576,000 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 4.8%. The import volume of lithium carbonate was 18,000 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 16% [4] Cost - The CIF price of imported lithium spodumene concentrate increased week - on - week, causing cost inversion for some manufacturers using purchased lithium ore. Enterprises with their own ore and salt lakes have certain profit support, while lithium hydroxide manufacturers face greater cost pressure [4] Demand - side - The overall production schedule in July increased month - on - month, with large battery cell manufacturers' production schedule increasing by 10%. In June, the total production of power and other batteries in China was 129.2 GWh, a month - on - month increase of 4.6% and a year - on - year increase of 51.4%. The total export was 24.4 GWh, a month - on - month increase of 27.9% and a year - on - year increase of 22.5%. The sales volume was 131.4 GWh, a month - on - month increase of 6.3% and a year - on - year increase of 41.7%. The new car replacement policy and the extension of the new energy vehicle purchase tax are expected to support the sales growth of the new energy vehicle market [5] Inventory - This week, the inventory of lithium carbonate showed a cumulative state, with the factory inventory decreasing by 850 tons, the market inventory decreasing by 524 tons, and the futures inventory increasing by 1,757 tons [5] Strategy Suggestion - It is expected that the import volume of South American lithium salts will supplement the supply. The overall supply is stable, and the price of lithium carbonate is expected to be supported in the short - term. It is recommended to hold long positions in the short - term and continue to monitor the production cuts of upstream enterprises and the production schedule of cathode material manufacturers [5] 2. Key Data Tracking - The report presents multiple data charts, including the spot price of lithium carbonate, weekly and monthly production, weekly and monthly inventory, average production cost, production and import volume of related products such as lithium ore, lithium carbonate, and battery materials, and the price of battery materials. However, specific numerical analysis is not provided in the text, only the data trends over different time periods are shown [8][10][13][15][17][23][25][27][31][33][35][37]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for Qilu Bank [8] Core Views - Qilu Bank's revenue growth for the first half of 2025 is 5.8% year-on-year, with a net profit growth of 16.48% [2][6] - The bank's asset quality is improving, with a non-performing loan ratio decreasing to 1.09% and a provision coverage ratio increasing to 343% [2][6] - The bank's long-term growth potential is clear, with strong performance and improving asset quality [2][12] - The stock price has been under pressure due to convertible bond conversions, but the valuation is expected to recover post-conversion [2][12] Summary by Sections Financial Performance - Revenue growth of 5.8% in H1 2025, with Q1 at 4.7% and Q2 at 6.7% [2][6] - Net profit growth of 16.48%, with Q1 at 16.47% and a non-recurring net profit growth of 17.1% [2][6] - Interest income increased by 13.6%, with Q2 showing a significant rise of 19.1% [12] Asset Quality - Non-performing loan ratio decreased by 8 basis points to 1.09% [2][6] - Provision coverage ratio improved by 19 percentage points to 343% [2][6] - Continuous improvement in asset quality indicators over the past seven years [12] Market Position and Valuation - Current valuation at 0.77x 2025 PB and 6.9x 2025 PE, indicating potential for high elasticity recovery post-conversion [2][12] - The bank is expanding its branch network, supporting high loan growth [12] Future Outlook - The bank is expected to maintain high loan growth rates, driven by its focus on corporate lending [12] - The capital strength is projected to improve significantly post-conversion of convertible bonds, with a core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio expected to reach 12% by the end of 2025 [12]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the insurance industry [12]. Core Insights - The insurance industry is transitioning from a focus on "spread loss" to a growth mindset, with expectations of a sustained increase in interest spreads driving profitability [2][9]. - The adjustment of pricing rates is expected to alleviate spread loss risks, with major insurers announcing reductions in their pricing rates, which will lower new business liability costs [7][8]. - The competitive landscape is becoming more concentrated, favoring leading insurers who are better positioned to expand their balance sheets amid stricter regulations [8]. Summary by Sections Pricing Rate Adjustments - The insurance industry association has set the predetermined interest rate at 1.99%, with a mechanism in place for dynamic adjustments based on market conditions [6]. - Major insurers like China Life and Ping An have announced reductions in their pricing rates, which will benefit the industry by lowering liability costs [7]. Competitive Landscape - Regulatory measures are tightening, particularly around liability management, which is expected to favor compliant leading insurers [8]. - The anticipated reduction in predetermined rates will challenge smaller insurers that previously relied on aggressive pricing strategies to gain market share [8]. Profitability Outlook - The report suggests that the insurance industry's profitability is likely to improve as interest spreads are expected to rise in the medium to long term [2][9]. - Recommendations for individual stocks include New China Life, China Pacific Insurance, China Life, and Ping An, as they are expected to benefit from the evolving market dynamics [2][9].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" and maintained [10] Core Viewpoints - The report emphasizes the potential for coal prices to rebound due to the "anti-involution" policy, which is expected to lead to actual production cuts and improve coal prices. The analysis is based on the mean reversion of return on equity (ROE) and the reasonable profit distribution levels of thermal coal and coking coal within their respective industrial chains [2][6][8] Summary by Sections Introduction - The "anti-involution" policy has catalyzed significant increases in coal commodities and equity prices. The report highlights the importance of understanding the future space for coal under this policy, particularly following the State Energy Administration's notice regarding coal mine production inspections [6][18] ROE Perspective - The report calculates the expected central price levels for thermal coal and coking coal based on historical average ROE. The central price for thermal coal is estimated at 749 CNY/ton, which is 96 CNY/ton higher than the price of 653 CNY/ton on July 25, 2025 (+14.7%). For coking coal, the central price is estimated at 1838 CNY/ton, which is 158 CNY/ton higher than the July 25 price of 1680 CNY/ton (+9.4%) [6][34][35] Industry Chain Perspective - The report assesses the reasonable price levels for thermal coal and coking coal based on profit distribution in the coal-electricity and coal-steel industrial chains. It estimates that the reasonable price for thermal coal could be between 776 CNY/ton and 835 CNY/ton, reflecting potential increases of 18.9% and 27.9% respectively from current prices. For coking coal, the reasonable price could range from 1707 CNY/ton to 2094 CNY/ton, with corresponding increases of 1.6% to 24.7% [7][44][45] Investment Recommendations - The report suggests that there is still room for price-to-book (PB) mean reversion, indicating a favorable investment ratio for coal stocks. It recommends focusing on short-term rebounds and long-term reversal opportunities in the coal sector. Specific stock recommendations include: 1. Elastic stocks: Lu'an Environmental Energy, Pingmei Shenma, Huaibei Mining, Shanxi Coking Coal, Yanzhou Coal, Jinkong Coal, and Shanmei International 2. Long-term stable profit leaders: China Coal Energy (A+H), China Shenhua (A+H), and Shaanxi Coal and Chemical 3. Transition growth stocks: Electric Power Investment Energy and New Energy [8][50][52]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" and is maintained [9]. Core Views - The company plans to acquire 100% equity of Daniao Logistics for a cash consideration of 362 million yuan, which is expected to enhance its volume and revenue scale, pushing the company to become the third largest in the industry [2][6]. - This acquisition is seen as a model for supply-side reform in the express delivery industry and a significant step towards high-quality development [2]. - The acquisition is anticipated to leverage synergies, improve logistics capabilities, and create a differentiated competitive advantage [2]. Summary by Sections Event Description - The company’s wholly-owned subsidiary intends to acquire Daniao Logistics from its current shareholders, with a transaction price of 362 million yuan [6]. Financial Overview of Daniao Logistics - Daniao Logistics reported revenues of 12.35 billion yuan in 2024 and 2.96 billion yuan in the first four months of 2025, with net profits of 20 million yuan and a loss of 230 million yuan respectively [13]. - The acquisition is priced at a price-to-book (PB) ratio of 1.6X, which is lower than the company's PB of 2.4X, indicating a strategic acquisition at a discount [12]. Strategic Implications - The acquisition is expected to optimize the company's product structure and drive supply-side reform in the industry [12]. - Daniao Logistics' established quality logistics network is anticipated to enhance the company's service capabilities and brand influence [12]. - The company aims to tap into high-end markets and expand into new delivery scenarios, thereby enriching its product offerings [12]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests capitalizing on the "anti-involution" opportunities, with expectations of improved profitability and valuation recovery in the sector [12]. - The company is projected to achieve net profits of 1.41 billion, 1.61 billion, and 1.83 billion yuan from 2025 to 2027, with corresponding price-to-earnings (PE) ratios of 16.5, 14.4, and 12.7 [12].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the steel industry is Neutral, maintained [8] Core Insights - The current round of supply-side optimization in the steel industry emphasizes the "supporting the strong and eliminating the weak" approach, indicating that underperforming capacities should be limited while leading companies are expected to strengthen [2][6] - The market sentiment has significantly improved with the deepening of the "anti-involution" policy, leading to a positive signal of "volume and price linkage" in the steel market [4] - The report highlights that the execution of the "anti-involution" policy may be smoother compared to previous years due to the absence of large-scale stimulus measures, suggesting a gradual improvement in the industry's long-term trends despite short-term fluctuations [2][6] Summary by Sections Supply and Demand Dynamics - The apparent consumption of the five major steel products decreased by 1.03% year-on-year and 0.36% month-on-month, while the average daily transaction volume of construction steel increased by 2.10 thousand tons per day compared to the previous week [4] - The average daily pig iron output of sample steel companies decreased to 2.4223 million tons, a decline of 0.21 thousand tons per day [4] - Total steel inventory decreased by 0.14% month-on-month and 24.22% year-on-year, with long product inventory down by 27.40% year-on-year and plate inventory down by 17.74% year-on-year [4] Price and Profitability - Shanghai rebar prices rose to 3,450 RMB/ton, an increase of 180 RMB/ton, while hot-rolled prices reached 3,520 RMB/ton, up 160 RMB/ton [5] - The estimated profit for rebar is 238 RMB/ton, with a lagging cost profit of 495 RMB/ton [5] - The report suggests that with the support of the "anti-involution" policy and strong determination to curb deflation risks, steel prices may show an upward trend that is easier to rise than to fall [4] Elasticity and Valuation - The report calculates the elasticity of steel stocks based on the assumption that the average net profit per ton of listed steel companies could rise to 200/300/400 RMB/ton, compared to 56 RMB/ton in Q1 2025 [6] - Companies such as Hualing Steel, Nanjing Steel, Baosteel, and CITIC Special Steel are identified as having significant elasticity [6] - The report emphasizes that if the valuation of steel stocks returns to historical averages, it could indicate strong investment opportunities, particularly for companies with low price-to-book (PB) ratios [6][32] Investment Opportunities - The report identifies four main investment lines: 1. Companies benefiting from the release of new capacities in iron ore and coke, such as Nanjing Steel and Hualing Steel [32] 2. Steel stocks with low PB ratios that may experience significant performance and valuation recovery, such as New Steel and Fangda Special Steel [32] 3. Mergers and acquisitions under the state-owned enterprise reform theme, which could enhance asset quality and subsequent valuation recovery [33] 4. High-quality processing leaders and resource leaders, particularly in specialized fields, are also highlighted as worthy of attention [33]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the industry [9]. Core Insights - Alphabet's Q2 2025 financial results show revenue of $96.43 billion, a year-on-year increase of 13.8%, and a net profit of $28.2 billion, up 19.4% [2][6]. - The company's capital expenditure (Capex) guidance for the year has been raised by $10 billion to $85 billion, with Q2 Capex reaching $22.4 billion, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 70% and a quarter-on-quarter increase of 31% [6][10]. - Strong demand in the cloud business is evidenced by a backlog of orders reaching $106 billion, with significant growth in high-value contracts [10]. - The monthly average token usage for AI applications has doubled from 48 trillion in May to 98 trillion, indicating explosive growth in AI product engagement [10]. Summary by Sections Financial Performance - Alphabet reported Q2 2025 revenue of $96.43 billion, a 13.8% increase year-on-year, and a net profit of $28.2 billion, up 19.4% [2][10]. - Google Services generated $82.5 billion in revenue, a 12% increase, while Google Cloud revenue reached $13.62 billion, growing 32% with a significant operating profit increase [10]. Cloud Business Insights - Google Cloud's operating profit surged to $2.83 billion, a 141% year-on-year increase, with a profit margin of 20.7%, up 9.4 percentage points [10]. - The number of new customers for Google Cloud Platform (GCP) increased by nearly 28% quarter-on-quarter, with high-value orders (over $2.5 billion) doubling year-on-year [10]. AI Developments - Monthly token processing for AI applications increased from 48 trillion in May to 98 trillion, marking a 100% growth [10]. - The Gemini application has reached 450 million monthly active users, with a 50% increase in daily requests compared to Q1 [10]. Capital Expenditure and Industry Trends - Alphabet's capital expenditure for 2025 has been revised to $85 billion, with Q2 spending at $22.4 billion [6][10]. - Major tech companies, including Meta, Microsoft, and Oracle, are significantly increasing their investments in AI infrastructure, indicating a competitive arms race in the North American cloud market [10].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" and maintained [8] Core Views - The macroeconomic outlook is improving, leading to a comprehensive rise in metal prices, particularly strategic metals [2][4] - The report emphasizes the importance of strategic metals and bottom energy metal allocation opportunities, highlighting the revaluation of rare earths and tungsten [4] - The report suggests that the domestic growth stabilization and anti-involution policies are enhancing expectations, which is driving up domestic commodity prices [5][6] Summary by Sections Strategic Metals - Strategic metals such as rare earths and tungsten are experiencing a revaluation, with significant price increases expected due to government focus and international supply chain developments [4] - The price of rare earth concentrate has increased to 19,100 CNY/ton, reflecting a 1.5% increase [4] - Tungsten prices are also on the rise, supported by strong supply dynamics and improving company performance [4] Energy Metals - The report indicates a high probability of short-term price increases for cobalt, with a significant drop in imports noted [4] - Cobalt intermediate imports in June fell to 18,991 tons, a decrease of 61.6% month-on-month [4] - Nickel prices are expected to stabilize, with long-term price expectations likely to rise [4] Lithium - The report notes a bottoming out of lithium prices, with recent regulatory changes indicating stricter domestic mining controls [4] - The price of battery-grade lithium carbonate has rebounded by 15.2% to 76 CNY/kg [24] - The report suggests monitoring potential resource releases in the lithium sector [4] Precious Metals - Gold prices are fluctuating due to improved risk appetite and easing trade tensions, with a recommendation to increase allocation to precious metal stocks [4][6] - The report highlights that gold stocks have underperformed, suggesting a strategic buying opportunity [4] - Silver is noted for its potential upside, with a recommendation to consider silver stocks for recovery [4] Industrial Metals - The report indicates that industrial metals are experiencing mixed performance, with domestic prices leading international trends [5][6] - Copper prices on the SHFE increased by 1.1%, while aluminum prices rose by 1.2% [5] - The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring macroeconomic policies and their impact on metal demand [6]

Group 1: Profit Trends - In the first half of 2025, the total profit of industrial enterprises decreased by 1.8% year-on-year[6] - In June, the profit growth rate of industrial enterprises improved to -4.3%, compared to -6.5% in May[7] - The automotive industry significantly influenced the profit growth, contributing 4.35 percentage points to the overall industrial profit increase in June[7] Group 2: Revenue Insights - June's industrial enterprises' revenue growth rebounded to 1.0% year-on-year, indicating a marginal improvement[7] - Export demand continues to support revenue growth, particularly in electronics, automotive, electrical machinery, and non-ferrous metallurgy sectors[7] - Despite strong revenue growth, profit contributions from exports remain limited, with the electronics sector experiencing negative profit growth in June[7] Group 3: Inventory and Operational Challenges - As of the end of June, the nominal growth rate of finished goods inventory decreased to 3.1%, but actual inventory growth remained high at 7.0%[7] - The difficulty in inventory reduction persists, with the inventory-to-sales ratio remaining elevated since last year's third quarter[7] - Although there is a slight improvement in operational pressure, the overall business environment remains challenging for enterprises[7] Group 4: Policy Implications - Attention is drawn to the effectiveness of anti-involution policies, which may influence profit recovery for enterprises[7] - The potential for upstream price increases could alleviate some profit pressure on industrial enterprises, but the ability of downstream firms to pass on costs remains uncertain[7] - The upcoming Politburo meeting at the end of July may provide further guidance on the direction of profit recovery policies[7]